CN108371265A - A kind of mandarin fish feed eating belt agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of mandarin fish feed eating belt agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108371265A CN108371265A CN201810274394.8A CN201810274394A CN108371265A CN 108371265 A CN108371265 A CN 108371265A CN 201810274394 A CN201810274394 A CN 201810274394A CN 108371265 A CN108371265 A CN 108371265A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/153—Nucleic acids; Hydrolysis products or derivatives thereof
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of mandarin fish feed eating belt agent and preparation method thereof, the mandarin fish feed eating belt agent of per kilogram feed addition is prepared by the raw material of following weight：Animality liver extract 2.0g, 0.2 0.5g of dimethyl beta thiopropionate, 0.5 2.0g of trimethylamine oxide, 0.2 0.5g of L glycine, 20 25g of inosinic acid, 10 15g and 10 15g of squid visceral meal of glycine betaine 0.5 3.0g, L α alanine.The preparation method of the phagostimulant is：Take glycine betaine, sequentially add animality liver extract, dimethyl beta thiopropionate, trimethylamine oxide, L glycine, inosinic acid, alanine and squid visceral meal, it is often added after a kind of raw material and is sufficiently mixed uniformly primary, be finally sufficiently mixed uniformly.The food calling agent prescription is reasonable, can improve the grazing rate of mandarin fish, tame and docile food survival rate and rate of body weight gain, reduce feed coefficient.The preparation method of the phagostimulant is simple, easy to operate, and manufacturing cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aquaculture, and in particular to a kind of mandarin fish feed eating belt agent and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Mandarin fish is also known as mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi), is the rare fish of fresh water, is under the jurisdiction of Perciformes Anabantoidei, is commonly called as
Mandarin fish, fat mandarin fish, mandarin fish etc..Mandarin fish feeding habits are very peculiar, are all the life to eat with live fish and shrimp from fry initial feeding, and one
As food refusal artifical compound feed, this phenomenon is very rare in freshwater fish.
Mandarin fish is due to the characteristics such as it is fast with the speed of growth, nutritive value is high, more and more by the blueness of consumers in general
It looks at, it has also become the master in Chinese famous-particular-excellent aquaculture supports kind, and the situation that supply falls short of demand, market is presented in Market Consumer demand
Price is constantly soaring, and per kilogram reaches 70-80 members.
Always to feed live bait progress, mandarin fish seedling membrane is food with other kinds of fries, therefore natural for mandarin fish commercialization cultivation
Under the conditions of weed survival rate it is low, in production process, it is extensive rapidly that seed rearing and its living bait have been supplied in its breeding production
Two big restraining factors of development.But according to more and more cultivation experiences from the point of view of, mandarin fish is unsatisfactory to the utilization of feed,
There is discharge phenomenon when ingesting, feed palatability is bad, and it is that Feeding stimulants content is less in feed, and loses flavor to trace it to its cause
Matter is more, to affect the appetite of mandarin fish, so that food ration is reduced, growth retardation.
Phagostimulant is appropriately added in aquatic feeds can improve the palatability of feed, promote aquatic livestock to artificial bait
Material is digested and assimilated, and is alleviated food ration of the aquatic livestock under disease or stress situation and is declined, reduce certain diseases and occur, is water
The healthy aquaculture of production animal provides safeguard.In addition, the application of phagostimulant is conducive to develop new protein sources, solve that fish meal is in short supply asks
Topic, have a extensive future in aquaculture (Qin Weilun etc., 2013；Yi Jianhua etc., 2015).Research shows that different feeding fishes
The bait smell of institute's eating has certain otherness, and carnivorous fish like the strong animal bait of fishy smell, the carp of omnivorousness,
The vegetal bait of the eatings aromatic odor such as crucian carp.In addition, same substance is larger to the phagostimulating effect otherness of variety classes fish.
(5 one it is reported that the phenomenon that the l-Alanine of 0.05mol/L has good phagostimulating effect to carp, but crucian shows food refusal
Army, 1996).Glycine betaine can be obviously promoted ingest (Yan Youli etc., 1994) of carp, however many fish do not have table to glycine betaine
Reveal phagostimulating effect, such as rainbow trout (Shin et al., 2005).
Currently, in relation to promote mandarin fish ingest man-made feeds phagostimulant research report it is very limited, there are no a food callings
Effect stability prepares simple, the report of the mandarin fish man-made feeds phagostimulant of cost-effective.
Invention content
In order to solve the problems, such as that the above-mentioned prior art is left, the present invention provides a kind of mandarin fish feed eating belt agent and its preparations
Method, the food calling agent prescription is reasonable, can improve the grazing rate of mandarin fish, tame and docile food survival rate and rate of body weight gain, reduce feed coefficient.
The preparation method of the phagostimulant is simple, easy to operate, and manufacturing cost is low.
Technical solution is used by realizing above-mentioned purpose of the present invention：
A kind of mandarin fish feed eating belt agent, the mandarin fish feed eating belt agent added in per kilogram feed by following weight original
Material is prepared：Animality liver extract 2.0g, dimethyl-β-thiopropionate 0.2-0.5g, trimethylamine oxide 0.5-2.0g,
L- glycine 0.2-0.5g, inosinic acid 20-25g, glycine betaine 0.5-3.0g, L- α-alanine 10-15g, in cuttlefish
Dirty powder 10-15g.
Further, the animality liver extract is prepared by following methods：
It takes fresh animal liver, after homogenate, is extracted with pure water or alcohol solution dipping, centrifuge, obtain feed liquid
And material residue, feed liquid is concentrated into minimum volume with the ultrafiltration membrane that molecular cut off is 150-300KD, concentrate is obtained, will concentrate
Liquid is uniformly mixed with material residue, dry, is smashed, and the animality liver extract is obtained.
Further, the animality liver is pig liver and/or cattle liver.
Further, the temperature of immersion is room temperature, and soaking time is 8-10 hours.
Further, feed liquid is first subjected to primary separation with the ultrafiltration membrane that molecular cut off is 30-50KD, obtains primary concentration
Liquid, then primary concentrate is concentrated into minimum volume with the ultrafiltration membrane that molecular cut off is 150-300KD, it is concentrated again
Liquid.
Further, dry temperature is 50-70 DEG C.
Further, it is 70-90 mesh to smash to mesh number.
Further, the volumetric concentration of ethanol solution is 70%.
A kind of preparation method of mandarin fish feed eating belt agent, includes the following steps：
Glycine betaine is taken, animality liver extract, dimethyl-β-thiopropionate, trimethylamine oxide, the sweet ammonia of L- are sequentially added
Acid, inosinic acid, alanine and squid visceral meal are often added after a kind of raw material and are sufficiently mixed uniformly primary, finally fill
Divide and be uniformly mixed, obtains the mandarin fish feed eating belt agent.
Compared with prior art, advantages and advantages of the invention are：
1, the present invention takes the lead at home and abroad successfully breaching the key that mandarin fish tames and dociles food feed technology, in aquatic feeds phagostimulant
It has originally carried out the preparation of animality liver extract in terms of raw material and has succeeded,
2, phagostimulant of the invention can meet the smell of the tame and docile food man-made feeds of mandarin fish and sense of taste requirement, mandarin fish feed add this
Phagostimulant was tamed through one week or so, so that mandarin fish is turned food man-made feeds from the living bait fish that ingests, hence it is evident that accelerate speed of ingesting
Degree and raising food ration.
3, phagostimulant of the invention tames and dociles food operation sequence simplicity, emphasizes that the ecotype tames and dociles food, can be successfully by the big specification fish of mandarin fish
Kind domestication, which becomes, is suitable for pond artificial breeding, and premunition is strong, the fast fingerling of the speed of growth, is the rare predacious fishes such as mandarin fish
Domestication's man-made feeds of eating food theoretical foundation and practical experience are provided.
4, the stimulation that phagostimulant of the invention does not have overrich excessively fragrant avoids cultivation object from smell, sense of taste fatigue numbness occur
The phenomenon that, it can be used for a long time, it is safe and efficient, have no toxic side effect.
5, phagostimulant of the invention can meet mandarin fish to the smell of mixed feed and sense of taste requirement, hence it is evident that increase speed of ingesting
Degree shortens the dwell speed of feed in water, also has certain effect to water correction.
6, culture experiment reaches optimization for many years through inventor for the active ingredient of phagostimulant of the invention and proportioning, successfully will
30-50g mandarin fish seedlings raise and train into commodity mandarin fish, reinforce anti-stress ability and growth that cultivation object is remarkably improved while attractant
Rate improves high mandarin fish survival rate, grazing rate and rate of body weight gain, and body colour is bright-coloured, firmly gets consumer's favorable comment.
7, most raw materials of phagostimulant of the invention are the required feed nutrient of mandarin fish growth, promote work of ingesting playing
With while also play its trophic function, can increase feed efficiency, promote growth, reduce feed coefficient, save aquaculture cost.
8, phagostimulant raw material sources of the invention are extensive and cheap, and preparation method is simple and practicable, only need to be according to suitable
Sequence is uniformly mixed, and manufacturing cost is low, is suitble to industrialized production.
In conclusion to mandarin fish artificial culture technology and improving its fanning economics with theory and practice guidance meaning
Justice has established technical foundation for large-scale cultivation, has had great social and economic benefit.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
A kind of mandarin fish feed eating belt agent, the mandarin fish feed eating belt agent added in per kilogram feed by following weight original
Material is prepared：Pig liver 2.0g, dimethyl-β-thiopropionate hydrochloride 0.2g, trimethylamine oxide 1.0g, L- glycine
0.3g, inosinic acid 20g, glycine betaine 1.5g, L- α-alanine 10g, squid visceral meal (are raised purchased from the logical biology in Cangzhou sea
Expect Co., Ltd) 15g.
The preparation method of the animality liver extract is：
It takes fresh pig liver, after homogenate, is impregnated 10 hours under the conditions of 25 DEG C with pure water, centrifuge, expected
The hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane primary that feed liquid is first 40KDa with molecular cut off is detached, obtains primary concentrate by liquid and material residue,
The rolling NF membrane that primary concentrate is 250KDa with molecular cut off is concentrated into minimum volume again, obtains concentrate again,
It concentrate will be sufficiently mixed uniformly with material residue again, it is dry, it smashes, obtains the animality liver extract.
The preparation method of above-mentioned mandarin fish feed eating belt agent is：
Glycine betaine is taken, animality liver extract, dimethyl-β-thiopropionate, trimethylamine oxide, the sweet ammonia of L- are sequentially added
Acid, inosinic acid, alanine and squid visceral meal are often added after a kind of raw material and are sufficiently mixed uniformly primary, finally fill
Divide and be uniformly mixed, obtains the mandarin fish feed eating belt agent described in 50g.
Embodiment 2
A kind of mandarin fish feed eating belt agent, the mandarin fish feed eating belt agent added in per kilogram feed by following weight original
Material is prepared：Pig liver 2.0g, dimethyl-β-thiopropionate hydrochloride 0.3g, trimethylamine oxide 1.8g, L- glycine
0.4g, inosinic acid 25g, glycine betaine 2.0g, L- α-alanine 12g, squid visceral meal (are raised purchased from the logical biology in Cangzhou sea
Expect Co., Ltd) 12g.
The preparation method of the animality liver extract is：
It takes fresh cattle liver, after homogenate, is impregnated 9 hours under the conditions of 26 DEG C with pure water, centrifuge, obtain feed liquid
And material residue, the hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane primary that feed liquid is first 40KDa with molecular cut off is detached, primary concentrate is obtained, then
The rolling NF membrane that primary concentrate is 150KDa with molecular cut off is concentrated into minimum volume, obtains concentrate again, it will
Concentrate is sufficiently mixed uniformly with material residue again, dry, is smashed, and the animality liver extract is obtained.
The preparation method of above-mentioned mandarin fish feed eating belt agent is：
Glycine betaine is taken, animality liver extract, dimethyl-β-thiopropionate, trimethylamine oxide, the sweet ammonia of L- are sequentially added
Acid, inosinic acid, alanine and squid visceral meal are often added after a kind of raw material and are sufficiently mixed uniformly primary, finally fill
Divide and be uniformly mixed, obtains the mandarin fish feed eating belt agent described in 55.5g.
Embodiment 3
A kind of mandarin fish feed eating belt agent, the mandarin fish feed eating belt agent added in per kilogram feed by following weight original
Material is prepared：Pig liver 2.0g, dimethyl-β-thiopropionate hydrochloride 0.5g, trimethylamine oxide 2.0g, L- glycine
0.5g, inosinic acid 25g, glycine betaine 3.0g, L- α-alanine 15g, squid visceral meal (are raised purchased from the logical biology in Cangzhou sea
Expect Co., Ltd) 15g.
The preparation method of the animality liver extract is：
It takes fresh pig liver, after homogenate, is impregnated 10 hours under the conditions of 28 DEG C with pure water, centrifuge, expected
The hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane primary that feed liquid is first 40KDa with molecular cut off is detached, obtains primary concentrate by liquid and material residue,
The rolling NF membrane that primary concentrate is 300KDa with molecular cut off is concentrated into minimum volume again, obtains concentrate again,
It concentrate will be sufficiently mixed uniformly with material residue again, it is dry, it smashes, obtains the animality liver extract.
The preparation method of above-mentioned mandarin fish feed eating belt agent is：
Glycine betaine is taken, animality liver extract, dimethyl-β-thiopropionate, trimethylamine oxide, the sweet ammonia of L- are sequentially added
Acid, inosinic acid, alanine and squid visceral meal are often added after a kind of raw material and are sufficiently mixed uniformly primary, finally fill
Divide and be uniformly mixed, obtains the mandarin fish feed eating belt agent described in 55.5g.
Test the feed feeding habit forming and growth test of the mandarin fish feed eating belt agent of the one, present invention
1, test method：
Embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 are respectively added in basal feed (formula is shown in Table 1), examination is respectively obtained
Feed A, test feed B and test feed C are tested, choosing current year with a collection of mandarin fish seedling, temporarily supports 2 indoors in circulating water culture system
It week is satiated with food and is fed with basal feed, be allowed to gradually adapt to basal feed and breeding environment.When on-test, choose it is physical strong,
The consistent mandarin fish of specification (50.35 ± 5.7g) is grouped at random, puts four glass fibre buckets in indoor circulating water cultivation system in a suitable place to breed
(water capacity：In 240L), breeding density is 20 tails/bucket, with test feed A, test feed B, test feed C and basal feed point
4 barrels of fishes are not fed, are satiated with food feed 2 (mornings 08 daily：00 is primary, afternoon 18:00 is primary).Test water is to be aerated originally
Water, each daily quantity of exchanged water of glass fibre bucket are the 1/5 of total water body volume, 24-29 DEG C of water temperature, ammonia nitrogen ＜ 0.5mg/L, Y nitrous acid
Salt ＜ 0.3mg/L, dissolved oxygen ＞ 6.2mg/L, pH 6.8-7.6,1h siphons away the excrement at barrel bottom and residual with siphon pipe before feeding every time
Bait, test period are 8 weeks.
The formula of this experiment basal feed used is as shown in table 1 below：
The formula of 1 basal feed of table
2, test result：
2.1, the comparison of food process is tamed and dociled：
The instruction food process of the mandarin fish feed eating belt agent of the present invention is as shown in table 2：
Table 2 tames and dociles the comparison of food process
From table 2 it can be seen that the phagostimulant of the present invention was tamed through one week or so, successfully mandarin fish can be made from living bait of ingesting
Fish turns food man-made feeds, hence it is evident that accelerates Feeding Velocity and improves food ration.
2.2, different phagostimulants are to mandarin fish survival rate, feed conversion and the influence of growth：
The phagostimulant of embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 to mandarin fish survival rate, feed conversion, growth influence such as table 3
It is shown：
The different phagostimulants of table 3 to mandarin fish survival rate, feed conversion, growth influence
| Phagostimulant | Survival rate (%) | Grazing rate (%/d) | Feed coefficient | Rate of body weight gain (%) |
| It is not added with | 88.33±2.89a | 2.96±0.06a | 2.15±0.07b | 1.31±0.04a |
| Test group A | 98.33±2.89b | 3.37±0.11b | 1.81±0.07a | 1.78±0.07b |
| Experiment group B | 96.67±2.89ab | 3.51±0.17b | 1.74±0.08a | 1.93±0.11b |
| Test group C | 95.00±5.00ab | 3.54±0.10b | 1.72±0.05a | 1.96±0.06b |
As shown in Table 2, phagostimulant prepared by embodiment 1-3 being added in feed can show compared with being not added with phagostimulant
Survival rate, grazing rate and the rate of body weight gain for improving mandarin fish are write, while reducing feed coefficient, moreover, the 1-3 preparations of addition embodiment lure
Agent is eaten, with the increase of phagostimulant total amount, grazing rate, growth have raised trend, but difference is not notable.
As it can be seen that the phagostimulant of the present invention can improve the survival rate, grazing rate and rate of body weight gain of mandarin fish, while reducing feed system
Number.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of mandarin fish feed eating belt agent, it is characterised in that the mandarin fish feed eating belt agent added in per kilogram feed is by following
The raw material of weight is prepared：Animality liver extract 2.0g, dimethyl-β-thiopropionate 0.2-0.5g, trimethylamine oxide
0.5-2.0g, L- glycine 0.2-0.5g, inosinic acid 20-25g, glycine betaine 0.5-3.0g, L- α-alanine 10-
15g, squid visceral meal 10-15g.
2. mandarin fish feed eating belt agent according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the animality liver extract by with
Lower section method is prepared：
It takes fresh animal liver, after homogenate, is extracted with pure water or alcohol solution dipping, centrifuge, obtain feed liquid and material
Feed liquid is concentrated into minimum volume with the ultrafiltration membrane that molecular cut off is 150-300KD, obtains concentrate by slag, by concentrate with
Material residue is uniformly mixed, dry, is smashed, and the animality liver extract is obtained.
3. mandarin fish feed eating belt agent according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The animality liver is pig liver
And/or cattle liver.
4. mandarin fish feed eating belt agent according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The temperature of immersion is room temperature, soaking time
It is 8-10 hours.
5. mandarin fish feed eating belt agent according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：It is first 30- with molecular cut off by feed liquid
The ultrafiltration membrane of 50KD carries out primary separation, obtains primary concentrate, then by primary concentrate with molecular cut off is 150-300KD
Ultrafiltration membrane be concentrated into minimum volume, obtain concentrate again.
6. mandarin fish feed eating belt agent according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Dry temperature is 50-70 DEG C.
7. mandarin fish feed eating belt agent according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：It is 70-90 mesh to smash to mesh number.
8. mandarin fish feed eating belt agent according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The volumetric concentration of ethanol solution is 70%.
9. a kind of preparation method of any mandarin fish feed eating belt agents of claim 1-7, it is characterised in that including walking as follows
Suddenly：
Take glycine betaine, sequentially add animality liver extract, dimethyl-β-thiopropionate, trimethylamine oxide, L- glycine,
Inosinic acid, alanine and squid visceral meal, be often added after a kind of raw material be sufficiently mixed it is uniformly primary, it is last fully mixed
It closes and uniformly obtains the mandarin fish feed eating belt agent.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113875656A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-01-04 | 华中农业大学 | Method for improving survival rate, domestication rate and growth performance of mandarin fish fries through nutrition treatment in starter stage |
| CN115316494A (en) * | 2022-08-08 | 2022-11-11 | 武汉新华扬生物股份有限公司 | Compound phagostimulant for promoting ingestion and low-ammonia excretion feed for promoting ingestion |
| CN115644324A (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2023-01-31 | 武汉新华扬生物股份有限公司 | Aquatic feed additive and low-ammonia excretion feed |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113875656A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-01-04 | 华中农业大学 | Method for improving survival rate, domestication rate and growth performance of mandarin fish fries through nutrition treatment in starter stage |
| CN115316494A (en) * | 2022-08-08 | 2022-11-11 | 武汉新华扬生物股份有限公司 | Compound phagostimulant for promoting ingestion and low-ammonia excretion feed for promoting ingestion |
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| CN115644324B (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2024-06-25 | 武汉新华扬生物股份有限公司 | Aquatic feed additive and low-ammonia excretion feed |
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