CN1083666C - 用于存储式程控交换系统的行为监视与分析系统 - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M3/00—Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
- H04M3/22—Arrangements for supervision, monitoring or testing
- H04M3/36—Statistical metering, e.g. recording occasions when traffic exceeds capacity of trunks
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- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
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- H04M3/22—Arrangements for supervision, monitoring or testing
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- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M3/00—Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
- H04M3/22—Arrangements for supervision, monitoring or testing
- H04M3/24—Arrangements for supervision, monitoring or testing with provision for checking the normal operation
- H04M3/241—Arrangements for supervision, monitoring or testing with provision for checking the normal operation for stored program controlled exchanges
- H04M3/242—Software testing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q3/00—Selecting arrangements
- H04Q3/42—Circuit arrangements for indirect selecting controlled by common circuits, e.g. register controller, marker
- H04Q3/54—Circuit arrangements for indirect selecting controlled by common circuits, e.g. register controller, marker in which the logic circuitry controlling the exchange is centralised
- H04Q3/545—Circuit arrangements for indirect selecting controlled by common circuits, e.g. register controller, marker in which the logic circuitry controlling the exchange is centralised using a stored programme
- H04Q3/54575—Software application
- H04Q3/54583—Software development, e.g. procedural, object oriented, software generation, software testing
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- H04Q3/42—Circuit arrangements for indirect selecting controlled by common circuits, e.g. register controller, marker
- H04Q3/54—Circuit arrangements for indirect selecting controlled by common circuits, e.g. register controller, marker in which the logic circuitry controlling the exchange is centralised
- H04Q3/545—Circuit arrangements for indirect selecting controlled by common circuits, e.g. register controller, marker in which the logic circuitry controlling the exchange is centralised using a stored programme
- H04Q3/54575—Software application
- H04Q3/54591—Supervision, e.g. fault localisation, traffic measurements, avoiding errors, failure recovery, monitoring, statistical analysis
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
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- H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
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- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
- H04Q2213/1316—Service observation, testing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
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Abstract
一种用于存储式程控通信交换系统(11)的测试和诊断工具,它能捕获因用户动作以及因通信交换系统(11)之软件块内所发生的动作而产生的事件(17、18、19)的发生和时序。与所捕获事件(17、18、19)有关的数据及其位置表示贮存在一个大缓冲存储器(25)内。然后利用所贮存的数据分析事件(17、18、19),用以诊断和校正故障起因,以及在以后一个时期内重现事件(17、18、19)的相同序列和时序,以测试用以保证其能消除故障条件的起因的各种校正措施。
Description
发明背景
本发明涉及存储式程控通信交换系统,尤其涉及用于此类系统的一种设计和诊断工具。
数字存储式程控通信交换是非常复杂的系统,它们包含许多全部由计算机控制的物理部件,而计算机含有许多不同的交互作用的软件块。为了处理系统内的电话呼叫,这些软件块的每一块都必须以一种交互的和实际完美的方式执行各自的分析和控制工作。数据是不断地通过软件信号在不同的软件块之间交换的。最终结果必须是准确的并及时处理大批对控制各种硬件设备有影响的信号,建立通信连接。往往在通信交换机工作期间,尤其在新的或经过升级的软件启用期间,在导向所谓的“被卡住的”装置或软件单元去的转接中可能会产生各种故障。产生这种软件故障的原因在于在一个或多个块内的软件不能处理系统内一个特殊事件或事件序列。当一个故障发生时,通常必须部分或全部重新启动软件块甚至整个系统,以排除被卡住的单元并向系统返回一个状态,该状态可以由软件认可为正当的呼叫处理。
通过编程,使通信交换机响应于系统内各种“事件”的发生,诸如用户摘机、用户数字拨号、拍叉簧信号或用户挂机。上述任一事件以及其它可能事件的发生将导致交换系统的软件内的某种行为,以及指定和撤消指定某些物理部件去影响一次呼叫的完成。当一个软件事件发生,并导致有部件或软件被卡住时,能够追踪导致被卡住的情况的事件序列以诊断和消除故障的原因是非常重要的。再者,在已经对软件作了校正后,也必须能再现位于故障之前的特定事件的次序、序列和计时,以确保校正工作并防止故障的再现。
过去,用以检验通信交换机正确操作的一种方法是得到包括各种程序指令在内的低级打印输出,这些指令以一种特定的呼叫序列产生。这种打印输出或“追踪”是非常详细的,甚至于经过训练的技术人员也非常难以理解。对软件故障定位和校正来说,追踪并非一种有效的解决方法。
另一种检验交换系统内正确操作的方法是实际进行所需的呼叫,并在进行呼叫时观察交换机的反应。然而,这主要是一种行/不行的确定,无法使操作员详细检查交换机为进行呼叫而执行的计算机指令的实际顺序。
因此,人们非常期望有一种方法和工具,通过其能选择和收集通信环境中的软件信号、数据、执行次序、时序以及各个参数跟其他来自交换软件的信息之间的关系或其他一些状况,以监测导致故障条件发生的各种事件的序列,这样,就可以用来重新构建同样的事件序列,以测试用以防止故障再现的各种校正。本发明就提供了这样一种系统和方法。
发明概述
根据本发明的一个方面,提供一种监视通信交换机的方法,该通信交换机具有在交互之间通信的内部事件,用以控制通信交换机运行的软件的事件驱动块,所述方法包括如下步骤:
定义所需监视的内部事件以及与所需监视的内部事件相关的参数;
检测在所述通信交换机的软件块之间通信的内部事件;
利用与定义的所需监视的内部事件相关的所述定义的参数对所述检测的内部事件进行滤波;以及
记录经滤波的、检测的内部事件和相关参数。
根据本发明的另一方面,提供一种通信交换机,它包括:
执行呼叫处理操作的交换机构;
用以控制交换机构运行的交互的事件驱动软件块,该软件块的一部分经编程产生软件信号,该软件信号报告在通信交换机中发生的内部事件,所述内部事件在各个软件块之间通信;
对所产生的软件信号进行滤波,以确定所报告的内部事件的一部分为感兴趣的事件的事件滤波器;以及
记录该感兴趣的事件的存储器。
附图说明
以下结合附图加以描述,以便于更完整地了解本发明及其进一步的目的和优点,其中:
图1为图解说明如何使用本发明的系统的示意图;
图2是表示本发明系统某些部件的方框图;
图3是表示根据本发明在交换系统软件内采集数据的方框图;
图4是表示本发明系统内某些软件单元的方框图;
图5是表示本发明系统内所采用的某些过程的流程图;
图6是表示在本发明较佳实施例中一个典型呼叫序列期间的登录事件(LOGEVENT)性能。
详细说明
一般来说,本发明的系统采用捕捉“事件”出现和时间的技术,这类事件因用户动作以及由于通信交换机中软件块内发生的动作而产生。用一个大的缓冲存储器存储与所捕捉的事件有关的数据,以及其位置标识。然后利用所存储的数据分析事件,用以诊断和校正故障的起因,以及在以后的期间再现事件的同样序列和时序,以测试所进行的校正,确保消除故障状况的原因。
首先参见图1,它表示一个示意图,表明一个通信网络内本发明系统的整体实现。第一个由贮存的程序控制的通信交换系统(“交换”)11通过局间中继线13连接到第二个交换系统12。交换系统11受连续的一连串事件的支配,或者是外部事件,或者是内部事件。外部事件14可以包括具有电话设备15的用户的动作而产生的事件,或者基于其它交换系统的事件16,例如来自其它交换系统的呼叫。交换机11还受内部事件的支配,后者由于各种软件块之间交换的软件信号以及这些内部软件动作的时序和性质而产生。本发明的系统耦合到交换系统11,这样,某些事件17-19,诸如发生在交换系统内以及涉及特定用户或特定局间中继线的各种事件,被直接送到事件滤波器21,后者有选择地检验每一事件,以确定哪一些事件是感兴趣的。事件滤波器21可由用户有选择地编程,为此,滤波器部件22-24滤除对特定分析无用的事件,而将有用的事件送到存储器25进行记录。记录于存储器25中的事件如箭头26所示送到个人计算机(PC)27,其中可以对事件存储、分析,并通过图象接口观察,以诊断和校正交换机软、硬件内的错误。
一度曾以例如改变交换系统11之软件的方式进行校正,为了校正在某些情况下产生故障的软件错误,PC27能够让贮存着的事件28通过话务原稿软件以按照类似呼叫话务的形式重编这些事件。话务模拟信号31传递到业务量发生器32,它产生事件序列,发生器信号33耦合到交换系统11以模拟电话话务的发生。业务量发生器32使电话呼叫模拟能包含原先在交换系统11内产生故障的同样的事件序列和时序。这样可以使系统操作员迅速而方便地检验针对软件/硬件的校正是否已经消除了同样故障将来可能的发生。
参见图2,它表示一个通信交换系统的方框图,其中结合了本发明的诊断系统。通信交换系统41可以采用本发明的受让人根据称为AXE-10制造的型号,早期的型式见之于Mat Eklund等人在《Ericsson Review》1976年第2期上发表的题为“AXE10系统说明”一文,该文在此作为本发明的参考资料。交换系统41包括贮存数据的存储器42以及线路存取块43。数据存储器42包括一个事件记录缓冲器和一个较大的存储区域,其中,系统可以既贮存固定的也贮存暂时的信息,包括本发明系统所用的某些数据。系统41的线路存取43包括诸如用户线路接口电路(SLIC)之类的硬件,以及用以控制该电路并使用户电话能获得通往交换系统41的通路的软件。通信交换系统内还安装一个软件块44,它应用于本发明系统的配置,以下将作进一步描述。该软件块称为登录事件(LOGEVENT)软件块44。交换系统41内的LOGEVENT软件块44通过数据通信链路46连接到设置于个人计算机27内的LOGEVENT软件块45。个人计算机27还包括存储器47以及常用操作软件和其它图形以及人-机界面软件,以下将作进一步详细描述。个人计算机27通过数据线连接到常用的PC机控制的业务量发生器48。个人计算机27可以列出一连串宏指令,控制业务量发生器48在连接到通信交换系统41之线路存取软件块43的多条线路49上发送仿真的通信业务量。
LOGEVENT软件块44包括在通信交换系统41的控制系统软件内。通过经由控制终端51至通信交换系统的人-机语言命令,可以选定对哪些用户监视其事件的发生情况。LOGEVENT块44通过作为I/O终端的个人计算机27编程,以确定涉及特定用户线路的特定事件,这些事件由系统收集和贮存。LOGEVENT软件块44内的映象功能存储着一些判据,用以识别事件是否与先前确定的用户指针相匹配。事件贮存在数据存储器42内的缓冲存储器中,并可以通过终端51按指令打印输出。除了在数据存储器42中记录事件外,每个事件当其产生时可以经由数据链路46送到个人计算机27。个人计算机的LOGEVENT块45接收信息和将事件记录在存储器47中,并且在个人计算机27的监视器用图形显示信息。个人计算机27也可以用来重现和分析事件的序列,以便确定所发生事件的性质,并诊断产生故障的原因。此外,通过技术人员与图形对象的交互,也可以在PC机内建立事件文档。这样就可以逐一地为具有更高效率和速度的业务量发生器48建立测试指令。
参见图3,它示出一个示意图,表示将有关交换系统软件内发生的事件的信息送到本发明的LOGEVENT块44的一种方法。通信交换系统41的数据处理软件61包括有许多呼叫处理功能块。其中包括多个线路接口(LI)块62、呼叫连接器(CJ)块63、寄存器信号装置(RE)块64、码接收器(KR)块65以及线路接口业务量处理(LITH)块66。此外,双路中继线(BT1)67和信号装置系统第七个双路中继线(S7BTC)68,以及许多其它块都提供了用于相互之间通信的软件信号以及软件信号69,后者有选择地直接指向LOGEVENT块44,用以收集与数据处理软件块61内发生的软件事件有关的数据。一些常用的软件“插入段”被加到系统内的每个软件模块,以便使与事件有关的信号指向LOGEVENT块44。当有选择地收集这些数据时,就在71将它们传送到通信交换系统内的数据存储器42(如图2所示),以及通过数据通信接口46送到PC机27。
参见图4,它是一个方框图,表示包括分别位于通信交换系统41和个人计算机27之LOGEVENT软件块44和45的各个部件。其中,某些软件块离线工作,而另一些则实时在线工作。在通信交换系统内,LOGEVENT块44包括了数据构建块72以及记录选择和类似内容的装置,前者被用来产生包括通知系统事件定义在内的命令项,后者是为了初始建立一些将在通信交换系统41内用于采集数据的参数。缓冲显示模块73用以命令通信交换系统41之数据存储器42内的事件记录缓冲器打印输出。数据显示模块74命令打印输出事件定义、记录选择以及与系统所用收集参数有关的其它数据。而且在块44内是一个时间管理组件75,它产生计时信号并保持相对的计时计数器,后者用于打印输出和事件重现,以分析各种事件的序列和时序,并确定它们与涉及事件的数据分析的关联性。事件滤波器块76包括于其中,根据系统内是数据设置、动态配置还是总体交换而相互区别各种事件。正是事件滤波器块76在发生于交换系统内的大量事件跟那些在由本发明的系统在实施的特种的分析中具有重要意义的事件之间进行有选择的区分。事件记录块77相对于为记录而选择并经事件过滤模块76过滤的每一特定事件保存和贮存相关时间、事件号、装置号、相关装置号,直至20个数据字。设置在通信交换系统41和个人计算机27内的是事件装入软件块78,它用以收集数据存储器42内事件记录缓冲器的内容,并将这些内容转送到与PC机27有关的存储器47。个人计算机27内还有一个事件转换模块79,它包括用以将一次事件登录按规则转换成宏指令块的软件,这些宏指令块可以通过业务量发生器系统重现,以产生仿真的呼叫,送到通信交换系统的入口。而且,PC机27内还设置一个事件重现块81,它保留着由以前事件记录所产生的宏指令,使仿真的事件能够建立。
参见图1至4,本发明的系统部分地是由位于通信交换系统41内的LOGEVENT块44实现的。信息至模块44的通信是通过在通信交换系统软件61内插入现有的代码块完成的,这样,当感兴趣的事件一产生,一个软件信号69(见图3)就被送到LOGEVENT块44。各种事件被动态地加到LOGEVENT块44,这样,用户可以在出于任何特定的目的而在块内创建事件并对它们进行定义。每个软件信号69包含一个识别标记或事件号,以及连同该事件其它标记一起贮存在数据存储器42中事件记录数据缓冲器内的某些预定信号。在一个实施例中,数据缓冲器是作为一个“循环缓冲器”实现的。该循环缓冲器可以防止数据的溢出,这是因为,当存贮区内按通常情况会发生溢出时,可以又在数据文件的始端重新开始存储。
Claims (16)
1.一种监视通信交换机的方法,该通信交换机具有在交互之间通信的内部事件,用以控制通信交换机运行的软件的事件驱动块,其特征在于所述方法包括如下步骤:
定义所需监视的内部事件以及与所需监视的内部事件相关的参数;
检测在所述通信交换机的软件块之间通信的内部事件;
利用与定义的所需监视的内部事件相关的所述定义的参数对所述检测的内部事件进行滤波;以及
记录经滤波的、检测的内部事件和相关参数。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述定义的参数包括与特定用户有关的参数。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述定义的参数包括与所述通信交换机内的特定元件相关的参数。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于进一步包括如下步骤:
下载所述记录的经滤波的、检测的内部事件以及来自通信交换机的参数值;以及
检查所述下载的经滤波的、检测的内部事件,对内部事件和参数进行分析。
5.如权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,所述下载步骤进一步包括如下步骤:
根据经滤波的、检测的内部事件和参数值重构经滤波的、检测的内部事件的有序发生序列。
6.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于进一步包括如下步骤:
为所定义的与所需监视的内部事件有关的参数定义数值,所述数值与所述通信交换的正常运行相关;以及
所述进行滤波的步骤包括将用于检测的参数的数值与定义的数值进行比较的步骤。
7.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于进一步包括如下步骤:
产生模拟的电话信号,该电话信号含有所述记录的、经滤波的、检测的内部事件和参数;以及
通过所述通信交换机发送所述模拟的电话信号,以测试所述交换机。
8.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述定义与所需监视的内部事件相关的参数的步骤进一步包括如下步骤:
定义所需监视的用户;以及
所述滤波步骤进一步包括利用所定义的用户对所述检测的内部事件进行滤波,以记录与所定义的用户有关的经滤波的、检测的内部事件。
9.一种通信交换机,其特征在于包括:
执行呼叫处理操作的交换机构;
用以控制交换机构运行的交互的事件驱动软件块,该软件块的一部分经编程产生软件信号,该软件信号报告在通信交换机中发生的内部事件,所述内部事件在各个软件块之间通信;
对所产生的软件信号进行滤波,以确定所报告的内部事件的一部分为感兴趣的事件的事件滤波器;以及
记录该感兴趣的事件的存储器。
10.如权利要求9所述的通信交换机,其特征在于,每个内部事件包括与内部事件相关的多个参数,软件块报告与所报告的内部事件相关的参数,事件滤波器进一步对软件信号滤波,将所确定的感兴趣的事件中的一部分参数确定为感兴趣的参数。
11.如权利要求10所述的通信交换机,其特征在于,所确定的参数包括与特定用户相关的参数。
12.如权利要求10所述的通信交换机,其特征在于,所述定义的参数包括与所述通信交换机内的特定元件相关的参数。
13.如权利要求10所述的通信交换机,其特征在于,与所需监视的内部事件相关的已定义的参数的数值被加以定义,所述数值与所述通信交换机的正常运行相关;其中,事件滤波器将用于所检测的参数的数值与所定义的数值进行比较。
14.如权利要求10所述的通信交换机,其特征在于进一步包括:
产生模拟电话信号的模拟器,所述模拟电话信号包含所述记录的、经滤波的、检测的内部事件以及通过所述通信交换机发送的参数以测试所述交换机。
15.如权利要求10所述的通信交换机,其特征在于,所述用户定义为所需监视的用户;其中,所述事件滤波器进一步利用所定义用户对所述检测的内部事件进行滤波,以记录经滤波的、检测的与所定义的用户有关的内部事件。
16.如权利要求10所述的通信交换机,其特征在于进一步包括:
用以根据经滤波的、检测的内部事件和参数值,重构经滤波的、检测的内部事件的有序发生序列的计算机。
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US08/107,965 US5488648A (en) | 1993-08-17 | 1993-08-17 | Behavior monitoring and analyzing system for stored program controlled switching system |
US08/107,965 | 1993-08-17 |
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US (1) | US5488648A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1083666C (zh) |
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DE (1) | DE4496057T1 (zh) |
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ES (1) | ES2134685B1 (zh) |
FI (1) | FI951699A0 (zh) |
GB (1) | GB2286747B (zh) |
IT (1) | IT1266920B1 (zh) |
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WO (1) | WO1995005718A1 (zh) |
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ES2134685B1 (es) | 2000-04-01 |
ITTO940668A1 (it) | 1996-02-12 |
FI951699A (fi) | 1995-04-10 |
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CN1113673A (zh) | 1995-12-20 |
DE4496057T1 (de) | 1995-09-21 |
GB2286747B (en) | 1998-07-15 |
IT1266920B1 (it) | 1997-01-21 |
GB9504588D0 (en) | 1995-05-03 |
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ITTO940668A0 (it) | 1994-08-12 |
GB2286747A (en) | 1995-08-23 |
FI951699A0 (fi) | 1995-04-10 |
US5488648A (en) | 1996-01-30 |
WO1995005718A1 (en) | 1995-02-23 |
NO951455D0 (no) | 1995-04-18 |
NO951455L (no) | 1995-06-15 |
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