CN108363139A - A kind of two mode fibers of ultralow decaying of step change type - Google Patents
A kind of two mode fibers of ultralow decaying of step change type Download PDFInfo
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- CN108363139A CN108363139A CN201810148498.4A CN201810148498A CN108363139A CN 108363139 A CN108363139 A CN 108363139A CN 201810148498 A CN201810148498 A CN 201810148498A CN 108363139 A CN108363139 A CN 108363139A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
- G02B6/03616—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference
- G02B6/03622—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 2 layers only
- G02B6/03633—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 2 layers only arranged - -
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02042—Multicore optical fibres
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/028—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating with core or cladding having graded refractive index
- G02B6/0288—Multimode fibre, e.g. graded index core for compensating modal dispersion
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
- G02B6/03605—Highest refractive index not on central axis
- G02B6/03611—Highest index adjacent to central axis region, e.g. annular core, coaxial ring, centreline depression affecting waveguiding
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
- G02B6/03616—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference
- G02B6/03622—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 2 layers only
- G02B6/03627—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 2 layers only arranged - +
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
- G02B6/03616—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference
- G02B6/03638—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 3 layers only
- G02B6/0365—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 3 layers only arranged - - +
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
- G02B6/03616—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference
- G02B6/03661—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 4 layers only
- G02B6/03666—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 4 layers only arranged - + - +
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
- G02B6/03616—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference
- G02B6/03661—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 4 layers only
- G02B6/03683—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 4 layers only arranged - - + +
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of step change type two mode fibers of ultralow decaying, include sandwich layer and covering, the core radius R1 is 4.5~14 microns, sandwich layer relative fefractive index difference Δ 1 is 0.05%~0.15%, inner cladding is coated successively from inside to outside outside sandwich layer, sink inner cladding, assist surrounding layer and surrounding layer, inner cladding diameter R2 is 9~18 microns, relative fefractive index difference Δ 2 is 0.4%~0.15%, the inner cladding diameter R3 that sink is 14~23 microns, relative fefractive index difference Δ 3 is 0.8%~0.3%, it is 37~50 microns to assist surrounding layer radius R4, relative fefractive index difference Δ 4 is 0.6%~0.25%, surrounding layer is pure silicon dioxide glassy layer, the optical fiber supports the propagation of two LP patterns on C-band:LP01 and LP11.The present invention can not only support the long distance signal transmission of two patterns, and each pattern all has lower attenuation coefficient, and manufacturing cost is low, and the comprehensive performances such as bending loss, dispersion of optical fiber are horizontal well all in one in stress wave band.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of less fundamental mode optical fibres for optical fiber telecommunications system, and in particular to the ultralow decaying of a kind of step change type two
Mode fiber.
Background technology
For single mode optical fiber since its transmission rate is fast, it is big to carry information capacity, the advantages that long transmission distance, is widely used
Among Networks of Fiber Communications.And in recent years, the demand with communication and big data business to capacity is growing day by day, network bandwidth
Rapid Expansion, the capacity of optical transport network is just gradually close to the shannon limit of simple optical fiber:100Tb/s.Space division multiplexing and mould point
Multiplexing technology can break traditional shannon limit, realize the transmission of more high bandwidth, be solves the problems, such as transmission capacity preferably just
Method.Support the optical fiber i.e. multi-core optical fiber and less fundamental mode optical fibre of this multiplexing technology.Experiment shows using less fundamental mode optical fibre combination MIMO technology
Signal can be transmitted under more than one space-propagation mode.And MIMO technology can compensate for intercoupling between pattern,
Each spatial model is separated in receiving terminal.United States Patent (USP) US8948559, US8848285, US8837892,
US8705922 and Chinese patent CN104067152, CN103946729 etc. propose lacking for parabolic type or step type profile
Mode fiber, but there are advantage and disadvantage for each.Less fundamental mode optical fibre manufacturing process with step type profile is simple, it is easy to accomplish large quantities of
Amount production, but it usually has larger DGD, even as high as thousands of ps/km.The less fundamental mode optical fibre of parabolic profile has more
Customized parameter is so that intermode crosstalk and DGD reach very low level, but its preparation process is complicated, and alpha parameters are difficult
Accurately equably to control, repeatability is not high.And minor fluctuations of the refractive index profile in prefabricated rods axial direction can cause light
The significant change of DGD at fine difference segment length.
On the other hand, with the further development of Optical Amplification Technology, optical fiber telecommunications system just towards higher transimission power and
The direction of more longer transmission distance is developed.As the important transmission medium in optical fiber telecommunications system, the correlated performance of optical fiber is also necessary
There is further promotion, to meet the needs of optical fiber telecommunications system practical development.Decaying and mode field diameter are two weights of optical fiber
The performance indicator wanted.The decaying of optical fiber is smaller, and transmission range of the optical signal in this medium is longer, in the nothing of optical communication system
It is also longer after distance, so as to substantially reduce relay station quantity, makes to build while improving reliability of communication system and tie up
Shield cost is greatly reduced;The mode field diameter of optical fiber is bigger, and effective area is bigger, then its nonlinear effect is weaker.It is big effectively
Area can effectively inhibit the nonlinear effects such as Self-phase modulation, four-wave mixing, Cross-phase Modulation, ensure high power light letter
Number transmission quality.The optical signal to noise ratio in optical fiber telecommunications system can be effectively improved by reducing decaying and increasing effective area, into
One step improves the transmission range and transmission quality of system.
Currently, less fundamental mode optical fibre technology in the world is optimized mainly for the group delay of optical fiber, such as Chinese invention patent
CN201280019895.2 discloses the graded index less fundamental mode optical fibre design for spatial multiplexing, however, above-mentioned technology
Scheme is to adjust the index distribution in fiber cores area based on Ge-doped core area, since Ge-doped quartzy scattering coefficient is higher, because
The loss that this be easy to cause optical fiber is higher, and in the application scenarios communicated for extra long distance high-capacity optical fiber, it is usually Ge-doped
All in 0.19dB/km or more, excessively high loss can cause to communicate attenuation coefficient of the graded index less fundamental mode optical fibre at 1550nm
The increase of error code and the increase of relaying cost in system.
Chinese patent CN104714273A and Chinese patent CN104698534A proposes a kind of step change type low-loss and lacks mould
Optical fiber, the patent use the sandwich layer of refractive index profile step-wise transition, optical fiber attenuation can be made to obtain a degree of reduction, and
Smaller DGD is had both, and meets the transmission of four LP patterns at 1550nm.But still have in the fiber core layer of the patent many
Germanium adulterates, its attenuation coefficient is caused to be distributed in 0.18~0.2dB/km, and a not up to extremely low level.
Decaying for silica fibre in 600nm-1600nm mostlys come from Rayleigh scattering, caused by Rayleigh scattering
Attenuation alphaRIt can be calculated by following formula:
In formula, λ be wavelength (μM), R is (dB/km/ μm of rayleigh scattering coefficient4), P is light intensity.When rayleigh scattering coefficient confirms
When, B is corresponding constant.As long as being thus determined that rayleigh scattering coefficient R can be obtained by the decaying caused by Rayleigh scattering
αR(dB/km).On the one hand Rayleigh scattering is caused by density fluctuation, be on the other hand caused by fluctuation of concentration.Thus
Rayleigh scattering coefficient R can be expressed as
R=Rd+Rc
In above formula, RdAnd RcThe rayleigh scattering coefficient variation caused by density fluctuation and fluctuation of concentration is indicated respectively.Its
Middle RcIt for the fluctuation of concentration factor, is mainly influenced by fiber glass part doping concentration, theoretically uses fewer Ge
With F or other doping, RcSmaller, this is also that current external certain enterprises are designed in single mode optical fiber using pure silicon core, is realized
The reason of low fade performance.
And parameter RdIt is related by the virtual temperature of glass, when optical fiber is designed using pure silicon core, to ensure being all-trans for optical fiber
It penetrates, it is necessary to be matched using the F doping inner claddings of relatively lower refractive rate.The sandwich layer part viscosity of pure silicon core is relatively in this way
Height, and the inner cladding viscosity of a large amount of F doping is relatively low simultaneously, and the matching of optical fiber structure viscosity will be caused unbalance, to make the void of optical fiber
Quasi- temperature increases sharply, and causes the R of optical fiberdIncrease.Not only counteracting doping in this way reduces the benefit brought, and is more likely to cause light
Fibre decaying is reversed abnormal.
Invention content
Invention content is introduced for convenience, is defined as follows term:
Relative fefractive index difference Δ niFor the relative fefractive index difference of optical fiber each layer (in addition to surrounding layer) and pure silicon dioxide.
It is counted from fiber core central axes, according to the variation of refractive index, is defined as near that layer of central axes being fibre core
Outermost layer, that is, pure silicon dioxide layer of layer, optical fiber is optical fiber jacket.
Each layer relative fefractive index difference Δ n of optical fiberiIt is defined by following equation:
Wherein, niFor the refractive index of each layer of optical fiber (in addition to covering), ncFor cladding refractive index, the i.e. folding of pure silicon dioxide
Penetrate rate.
The relative fefractive index difference contribution amount Δ Ge of fiber core layer Ge doping is defined by following equation:
Wherein, nGeFor the Ge dopants of fibre core, it is being doped to without in the pure silicon dioxide of other dopants, caused two
The variable quantity of silica glass refractive index, wherein ncFor cladding refractive index, the i.e. refractive index of pure silicon dioxide.
The relative fefractive index difference contribution amount Δ F of fiber core layer F doping is defined by following equation:
Wherein, nFFor the F dopants of fibre core, it is being doped to without in the pure silicon dioxide of other dopants, caused two
The variable quantity of silica glass refractive index, wherein ncFor cladding refractive index, the i.e. refractive index of pure silicon dioxide.
The effective area of each pattern of optical fiber:
Wherein, E is and propagates related electric field, and r is the distance between axle center to field distribution point.
Technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in providing in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, a kind of step change type is ultralow
Decay two mode fibers, the optical fiber not only decay it is low, convenient for manufacture, and the DGD of optical fiber, the dispersion of each pattern and bending loss etc.
Good combination property.
The present invention is by solving the problems, such as the technical solution set forth above taken:Include sandwich layer and covering, feature
Be that the core radius R1 is 4.5~14 microns, sandwich layer relative fefractive index difference Δ 1 is -0.05%~0.15%, sandwich layer it is outer from
Coat inner cladding, the inner cladding that sink, auxiliary surrounding layer and surrounding layer successively from inside to outside, the inner cladding diameter R2 of the optical fiber is 9
~18 microns, relative fefractive index difference Δ 2 is -0.4%~-0.15%, and the sagging inner cladding diameter R3 of the optical fiber is 14~23
Micron, relative fefractive index difference Δ 3 are -0.8%~-0.3%, and the auxiliary surrounding layer radius R4 is 37~50 microns, relatively
Refractive indices 4 are -0.6%~-0.25%, and the surrounding layer is pure silicon dioxide glassy layer, and the optical fiber props up on C-band
Hold the propagation of two LP patterns:LP01 and LP11.
By said program, the parameter of the optical fiber meets following formula:Wherein, r1For sandwich layer half
Diameter;n1For the refractive index value of sandwich layer;n4To assist the refractive index value of surrounding layer.
By said program, the sandwich layer is the silica glass layer that germanium fluorine and alkali metal are co-doped with, or is germanium and alkali gold
Belong to the silica glass layer being co-doped with, the wherein relative index of refraction contribution amount of germanium is 0.02%~0.15%, alkali metal content 5
~5000ppm.
By said program, alkali metal is lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, caesium, one kind in francium alkali metal ion or more in the sandwich layer
Kind.
By said program, the effective area of the basic mode (i.e. LP01 moulds) in the optical fiber is 110~200 μm2, high-order mode
The effective area of LP11 moulds is 110~200 μm2。
By said program, the Differential Group Delay DGD between the optical fiber LP11 moulds and LP01 moulds is -3~3ps/m.
By said program, dispersion of the optical fiber LP01 moulds at wavelength 1550nm is equal to or less than 22ps/ (nmkm);
Dispersion of the LP11 moulds at wavelength 1550nm is equal to or less than 23ps/ (nmkm).
By said program, the attenuation of optical fiber LP01 and LP11 at wavelength 1550nm is respectively less than or is equal to 0.170dB/
Km is equal to or less than 0.165dB/km under optimum condition.
By said program, microbending loss of each pattern of optical fiber at wavelength 1700nm is less than or equal to 5dB/km.
By said program, at wavelength 1550nm, the macrobending loss that R15mm bend radius 10 is enclosed is equal to the optical fiber
Or it is less than 0.25dB, the macrobending loss that R10mm bend radius 1 is enclosed is equal to or less than 0.75dB.
By said program, mode field diameter of each pattern of optical fiber at 1550nm is 11~16 microns.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:1, it is designed using the sandwich layer for mixing germanium and alkali metal, is reasonably devised in optical fiber
The viscosity in portion matches, and reduces the defects of fiber preparation, reduces the attenuation coefficient of optical fiber.2, rational optical fiber fluorine is devised
The sagging structure of doping, and by the rational design to each layer section of optical fiber, each pattern of optical fiber is made to have larger effective area.3、
The comprehensive performance parameters such as the DGD of two mode fibers, the dispersion of each pattern and the bending loss of the present invention are good in application band.It can make
With space division multiplexing technology, few mould multiplexing transmission of ultra-low loss is carried out.4, the present invention uses step change type core structure, outermost
Cladding structure uses the design of pure silicon dioxide, is not only convenient for manufacturing in this way and produce, and also reduces production cost.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the radial structure schematic diagram of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the refractive index profile schematic diagram of the optical fiber of one embodiment of the invention.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Include sandwich layer and covering, the core radius is R1, and sandwich layer is step change type structure, and sandwich layer relative fefractive index difference is
Δ1;Coat inner cladding, the inner cladding that sink, auxiliary surrounding layer and surrounding layer, the interior packet of the optical fiber outside sandwich layer successively from inside to outside
Layer radius is R2, and relative fefractive index difference is Δ 2;The sagging inner cladding diameter of the optical fiber is R3, and relative fefractive index difference is Δ 3;
The auxiliary surrounding layer radius is R4, and relative fefractive index difference is Δ 4;The surrounding layer is pure silicon dioxide glassy layer, outsourcing
Layer radius R5 is 62.5 microns.The structure and Specifeca tion speeification of 5 embodiment optical fiber of the present invention are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
Table 1:The structure and material of embodiment less fundamental mode optical fibre forms
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |
Radius R1 (μm) | 6.5 | 7 | 7.5 | 8 | 8.5 |
Relative fefractive index difference Δ 1 (%) | 0.1 | 0.08 | 0.05 | -0.03 | 0.02 |
The contribution amount Δ F (%) of F | -0.03 | -0.06 | -0.07 | -0.08 | -0.1 |
Radius R2 (μm) | 11 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 |
Relative fefractive index difference Δ 2 (%) | -0.3 | -0.25 | -0.25 | -0.2 | -0.2 |
Radius R3 (μm) | 15 | 16 | 17 | 19 | 18 |
Relative fefractive index difference Δ 3 (%) | -0.8 | -0.6 | -0.7 | -0.5 | -0.7 |
Radius R4 (μm) | 32 | 35 | 35 | 40 | 45 |
Relative fefractive index difference Δ 4 (%) | -0.28 | -0.27 | -0.23 | -0.31 | -0.25 |
Table 2:The Specifeca tion speeification of embodiment less fundamental mode optical fibre
Claims (10)
1. a kind of two mode fibers of ultralow decaying of step change type, include sandwich layer and covering, it is characterised in that the core radius R1 is
4.5~14 microns, sandwich layer relative fefractive index difference Δ 1 is -0.05%~0.15%, and cladding is interior successively from inside to outside outside sandwich layer wraps
The inner cladding diameter R2 of layer, the inner cladding that sink, auxiliary surrounding layer and surrounding layer, the optical fiber is 9~18 microns, relative index of refraction
Poor Δ 2 is -0.4%~-0.15%, and the sagging inner cladding diameter R3 of the optical fiber is 14~23 microns, relative fefractive index difference Δ 3
It is -0.8%~-0.3%, the auxiliary surrounding layer radius R4 is 37~50 microns, and relative fefractive index difference Δ 4 is -0.6%
~-0.25%, the surrounding layer are pure silicon dioxide glassy layer, and the optical fiber supports the propagation of two LP patterns on C-band:
LP01 and LP11.
2. two mode fibers of the ultralow decaying of step change type as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the parameter of the optical fiber meets such as
Lower formula:Wherein, r1For core radius;n1For the refractive index value of sandwich layer;n4To assist the folding of surrounding layer
Radiance rate value.
3. two mode fibers of the ultralow decaying of step change type as described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the sandwich layer be germanium fluorine and
The silica glass layer that alkali metal is co-doped with, or the silica glass layer that is co-doped with for germanium and alkali metal, the wherein opposite folding of germanium
It is 0.02%~0.15% to penetrate rate contribution amount, and alkali metal content is 5~5000ppm.
4. two mode fibers of the ultralow decaying of step change type as described in claim 3, it is characterised in that in the sandwich layer alkali metal be lithium,
It is one or more in sodium, potassium, rubidium, caesium, francium alkali metal ion.
5. two mode fibers of the ultralow decaying of step change type as described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the basic mode in the optical fiber
The effective area of LP01 moulds is 110~200 μm2, the effective area of high-order mode LP11 moulds is 110~200 μm2。
6. two mode fibers of the ultralow decaying of step change type as described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the optical fiber LP11 moulds and
Differential Group Delay DGD between LP01 moulds is -3~3ps/m;Mode field diameter of each pattern of optical fiber at 1550nm is 11
~16 microns.
7. two mode fibers of the ultralow decaying of step change type as described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the optical fiber LP01 moulds are in wave
Dispersion at long 1550nm is equal to or less than 22ps/ (nmkm);Dispersion of the LP11 moulds at wavelength 1550nm is equal to or less than
23ps/(nm·km)。
8. two mode fibers of the ultralow decaying of step change type as described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the optical fiber is in wavelength
The attenuation of LP01 and LP11 is respectively less than or is equal to 0.170dB/km at 1550nm.
9. two mode fibers of the ultralow decaying of step change type as described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that each pattern of optical fiber exists
Microbending loss at wavelength 1700nm is less than or equal to 5dB/km.
10. two mode fibers of the ultralow decaying of step change type as described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the optical fiber is in wavelength
At 1550nm, the macrobending loss that R15mm bend radius 10 is enclosed is equal to or less than 0.25dB, and R10mm bend radius 1 is enclosed
Macrobending loss be equal to or less than 0.75dB.
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CN112684538A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-20 | 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 | Square core optical fiber |
CN112711092A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-04-27 | 中天科技精密材料有限公司 | Multimode optical fiber |
CN113820780A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-12-21 | 暨南大学 | Full MIMO double-step 7-core 6-mode optical fiber |
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