CN108359902B - A kind of high performance alloys steel flange and forging and its manufacturing method - Google Patents
A kind of high performance alloys steel flange and forging and its manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108359902B CN108359902B CN201810310085.1A CN201810310085A CN108359902B CN 108359902 B CN108359902 B CN 108359902B CN 201810310085 A CN201810310085 A CN 201810310085A CN 108359902 B CN108359902 B CN 108359902B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to steel alloy technical field of forging, disclose a kind of high performance alloys steel flange and forging and its manufacturing method, it include: the carbon of 0.14~0.17wt%, the silicon of 0.10~0.60wt%, the manganese of 0.60~0.80wt%, the phosphorus of≤0.005wt%, the sulphur of≤0.003wt%, the chromium of 1.00~1.25wt%, 0.55~0.65wt% molybdenum, surplus is iron.The forging performance of fabrication process is excellent in the present invention, the forging of the remote ultra-traditional technique production of forging performance index, and the defects count and size found in forging non-destructive testing is also much better than traditional handicraft.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to steel alloy technical field of forging, more particularly to a kind of high performance alloys steel flange and forging and its
Manufacturing method.
Background technique
Alloy steel flange and forging are widely used in the fields such as machinery, electric power, petroleum, chemical industry, metallurgy, it is generally the case that
The flange and forging performance of alloy steel meet relevant criterion, but in recent years, with the continuous quickening of technological progress, very
The flange and forging performance index Design used on multiple-project is required well beyond national standard and Industry code requirements, and client orders
Goods technical conditions are apparently higher than these standards.
In NB/T47008 standard, 15CrMo chemical component be C 0.12%~0.18%, Si 0.10%~0.60%,
Mn 0.30%~0.80%, P≤0.025%, S≤0.010%, Cr 0.80%~1.25%, Mo 0.45%~0.65%,
Remaining is Fe element.Mechanical property requirements are 480~640MPa of Rm, Rp0.2 >=280MPa, A >=20%, room temperature Akv >=47J.
It can satisfy standard requirements, but in recent years, many weights using conventionally produced 15CrMo flange and forging
Point engineering proposes requirements at the higher level to alloy steel flange and forging performance.Such as oil-gas pipeline engineering and nuclear power engineering etc., it is desirable that close
Golden chrome molybdenum steel flange and forging increase -20 DEG C of impact tests, and ballistic work is not less than 100J；Autstenitic grain size >=7 grade；By NB/
T47013 carries out Magnetic testing and ultrasound examination, 1 grade of qualification.But conventionally produced 15CrMo flange and forging are pressed,
In -20 DEG C of impact tests, ballistic work about 40J or so, autstenitic grain size be 5 grades, by NB/T47013 carry out Magnetic testing with
About 2 grades of Level or so, the particular/special requirement of the clients such as oil-gas pipeline engineering and nuclear power engineering is not satisfied in ultrasound examination.
Summary of the invention
The present invention solves the technical problem of be not able to satisfy oil-gas pipeline engineering and nuclear power engineering to alloy steel flange
With forging the problem of aspect of performance requires.
In order to solve the above technical problems, one technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: provide a kind of high performance alloys steel
Flange and forging, which is characterized in that the steel alloy contains following chemical components: the carbon of 0.14~0.17wt%, 0.10~
The silicon of 0.60wt%, the manganese of 0.60~0.80wt%, the phosphorus of≤0.005wt%, the sulphur of≤0.003wt%, 1.00~
Chromium, the 0.55~0.65wt% molybdenum of 1.25wt%, surplus is iron.
The manufacturing method of a kind of high performance alloys steel flange and forging, includes the following steps:
Electric furnace smelting: step 1 uses pneumatic steelmaking after molten iron is pre-processed；
External refining: the molten steel that the step 1 obtains further is refined into conjunction described in power 1 with refining furnace by step 2
Molten iron is cast 16~24 cun of steel ingots of φ after refining by Jin Gang；
Step 3, forging: the alloyed steel ingot that the step 2 is obtained is forged into product forging with hydraulic press or pneumatic hammer
Part；
Heat treatment: step 4 the forging after natural cooling in the step 3 is placed in resistance furnace and is heat-treated；
Step 5, performance test: after heat treatment, cutting test sample from the forging after step 4 heat treatment,
It is processed into tensile sample and impact specimen with sample, carries out mechanical property test；
Machining: steel alloy is made by machining in forging of the Mechanics Performance Testing in step 5 after qualified by step 6
Flange and forging workpiece；
Step 7, non-destructive testing: detected a flaw by supersonic detector, magnetic powder flaw detector to the workpiece after machining,
It examines；
Finished product: step 8 the workpiece after flaw detection, inspection is packed and stored.
Preferably, in a kind of above-mentioned high performance alloys steel flange and forging, the steel alloy in the step 2 is generated
Specific steps are as follows: steel flow enters in refining furnace, when liquid steel temperature reaches 1210 DEG C, into reduction period smelt, first Xiang Gangshui
Then ferro-silico-manganese, ferrochrome and rare earth alloy is first added in interior blowing calcium-silicon powder or calcium carbide powder, while into molten steel
Nitrogen blowing, adding rare earth alloy and should controlling in the ratio between rare earth and sulphur is 1~2.5.
Preferably, in a kind of above-mentioned high performance alloys steel flange and forging, the refining furnace in the step 2 is day
Right gas heating furnace, heating temperature are 1210 DEG C, soaking time 1.8h.
Preferably, in a kind of above-mentioned high performance alloys steel flange and forging, the beginning of forging technology in the step 3
Forging temperature is 1210 DEG C, final forging temperature >=800 DEG C, and point three fire are forged, and the first fire time carries out steel ingot chamfered edge, pulling,
Fervent riser and the mouth of a river, forging ratio are about 2；Second fire time carries out jumping-up to steel ingot and pulling, forging ratio are about 3；Third fire
It is jumping-up or pulling to regulation shape, forging ratio is about 2；The total forging ratio of three fire time is 8, last fiery deflection is 28%,
It is air-cooled after forging.
Preferably, it in a kind of above-mentioned high performance alloys steel flange and forging, is adopted in the step 5 heat treatment process
Hardening heat is 900 DEG C, and liquid medium is cooling, and tempering temperature is 710 DEG C, then liquid medium is cooling.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) raw material selection purified steel+degassing, the harmful elements such as phosphorus sulphur are greatly reduced, and steel ingot internal flaw is few.
(2) smart control is carried out to chemical component, makes chemical composition content sound assurance performance requirement.
(3) Heat Treatment Control austenitizing temperature and soaking time, prevent crystal grain from growing up；Tempering is cooling to use rapid cooling, prevents
Only temper brittleness.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of the manufacturing method of of the invention high performance alloys steel flange and forging.
Specific embodiment
In order to realize the technology of the present invention measure, creation characteristic, reach purpose and effect is easy to understand, general below
In conjunction with the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that
Described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the implementation in the present invention
Example, every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to
The scope of protection of the invention.
Of the invention a kind of high performance alloys steel flange and forging, comprising: the steel alloy contains following chemical components:
The carbon of 0.14~0.17wt%, the silicon of 0.10~0.60wt%, the manganese of 0.60~0.80wt% ,≤0.005wt% phosphorus ,≤
The sulphur of 0.003wt%, the chromium of 1.00~1.25wt%, 0.55~0.65wt% molybdenum, surplus is iron.
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of the manufacturing method of of the invention high performance alloys steel flange and forging；
As shown in Figure 1, the manufacturing method of a kind of high performance alloys steel flange and forging, includes the following steps:
Electric furnace smelting: step 1 uses pneumatic steelmaking after molten iron is pre-processed；
External refining: the molten steel that the step 1 obtains further is refined into conjunction described in power 1 with refining furnace by step 2
Molten iron is cast 16~24 cun of steel ingots of φ after refining by Jin Gang；
The specific steps that steel alloy in step 2 generates are as follows: steel flow enters in refining furnace, when liquid steel temperature reaches 1210
DEG C when, smelted into reduction period, calcium-silicon powder or calcium carbide powder be first blown into molten steel, ferro-silico-manganese, chromium is then first added
Ferroalloy and rare earth alloy, while the nitrogen blowing into molten steel, add rare earth alloy should control the ratio between rare earth and sulphur be 1~
2.5；
Refining furnace is gas heating furnace, and heating temperature is 1180~1240 DEG C, and total forging ratio is more than or equal to 6, last
Fiery deflection >=25%, soaking time 1.8h；
Step 3, forging: the alloyed steel ingot that the step 2 is obtained is forged into product forging with hydraulic press or pneumatic hammer
Part；
The initial forging temperature of forging technology is 1210 DEG C, final forging temperature >=800 DEG C, and point three fire are forged, the first fire
Secondary progress steel ingot chamfered edge, pulling, fervent riser and the mouth of a river, forging ratio are about 2；Second fire time carries out jumping-up and pulling to steel ingot,
Forging ratio is about 3；Third fire time is jumping-up or pulling to regulation shape, and forging ratio is about 2；The total forging ratio of three fire time is 8, most
Latter fire deflection is 28%, air-cooled after forging.
Heat treatment: step 4 the forging after natural cooling in the step 3 is placed in resistance furnace and is heat-treated；
Step 5, performance test: after heat treatment, cutting test sample from the forging after step 4 heat treatment,
It is processed into tensile sample and impact specimen with sample, carries out mechanical property test；
For the hardening heat used in heat treatment process for 880~920 DEG C, liquid medium is cooling, and tempering temperature is 670~
720 DEG C, then liquid medium cooling；
Machining: steel alloy is made by machining in forging of the Mechanics Performance Testing in step 5 after qualified by step 6
Flange and forging workpiece；
Step 7, non-destructive testing: detected a flaw by supersonic detector, magnetic powder flaw detector to the workpiece after machining,
It examines；
Finished product: step 8 the workpiece after flaw detection, inspection is packed and stored.
The present invention is specifically addressed combined with specific embodiments below:
Embodiment 1: production 900 × 120mm of φ blind flange, material are 15CrMo steel alloy.
Acceptance requirement: 480~640MPa of Rm, Rp0.2 >=280MPa, A >=20%, wherein A indicates growth rate, at -20 DEG C
When doing impact test, ballistic work is not less than 100J；Autstenitic grain size >=7 grade；Magnetic testing and ultrasound are carried out by NB/T47013
Wave detection, 1 grade of qualification.
Specific process flow are as follows:
Raw material smelting → blanking → forging → heat treatment → sampling → performance test → non-destructive testing → machining → at
Product.
Raw material use 1.05 tons of steel ingots, by Steel ingot feeder head tip cut-off 15%, mouth of a river tip cut-off 5%, then steel ingot are carried out
It smelts, specific mode of smelting is electric furnace smelting+external refining+vacuum outgas, and steel ingot chemical component is shown in Table 1；
1 chemical analysis % of table
| Material | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo |
| 15CrMo | 0.16 | 0.22 | 0.67 | 0.0043 | 0.0022 | 1.18 | 0.62 |
Steel ingot is heated in gas heating furnace, and heating and thermal insulation temperature is 1210 DEG C, and soaking time is 1.8 hours,
Initial forging temperature is 1210 DEG C, final forging temperature >=800 DEG C, point three fire time forgings, total forging ratio 8, last fiery deflection 28%,
It is air-cooled after forging；
When heat treatment, hardening heat is 900 DEG C, keeps the temperature 2 hours, and liquid medium is cooling, and tempering temperature is 710 DEG C, liquid
Medium is cooling；
Test sample is cut after the completion of heat treatment from forging body, processes tensile sample and impact specimen with sample,
Mechanical property test is carried out, mechanical performance data is shown in Table 2, and wherein A indicates growth rate, and Z indicates the contraction percentage of area.
2 mechanical performance of table
| Material | Rm(MPa) | Re0.2(MPa) | A (%) | Z (%) | Akv2(J) |
| 15CrMo | 615 | 356 | 29 | 71 | 158 |
Grain size is measured by GB/T6394-2017 " metal mean grain size measuring method ", grain size number is 8.5 grades.
Forging is machined out after mechanical property test, mach purpose is to do standard for subsequent non-destructive testing
Standby, non-destructive testing project is ultrasound examination and Magnetic testing.Do not have to find the defect that equivalent is greater than 2mm in ultrasound examination,
Magnetic testing do not find be more than 1mm circular flaw, have no any linear discontinuities, 1 grade of qualification.
Comparative example 1: production 900 × 120mm of φ blind flange, material are 15CrMo steel alloy, and the chemical component of steel alloy is
Traditional chemical ingredient, is specifically shown in Table 3, using the process of embodiment 1；
3 chemical analysis % of table
| Material | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo |
| 15CrMo | 0.15 | 0.52 | 0.46 | 0.021 | 0.008 | 0.93 | 0.51 |
Test sample is cut after the completion of heat treatment from forging body, processes tensile sample and impact specimen with sample,
Mechanical property test is carried out, mechanical performance data is shown in Table 4, and wherein A indicates growth rate, and Z indicates the contraction percentage of area；
4 Mechanics Performance Testing of table
| Material | Rm(MPa) | Re0.2(MPa) | A (%) | Z (%) | Akv2(J) |
| 15CrMo | 602 | 341 | 27 | 68 | 86 |
Grain size is measured by GB/T6394-2017 " metal mean grain size measuring method ", grain size number is 8 grades.
Forging is machined out after mechanical property test, mach purpose is to do standard for subsequent non-destructive testing
Standby, non-destructive testing project is ultrasound examination and Magnetic testing.Do not have to find the defect that equivalent is greater than 2mm in ultrasound examination,
Magnetic testing do not find be more than 1mm circular flaw, have no any linear discontinuities.
Comparative example 2: production 900 × 120mm of φ blind flange, material are 15CrMo steel alloy, and alloy composition is embodiment 1
In chemical component, be specifically shown in Table 5；Manufacturing method uses classical production process；
5 chemical analysis % of table
| Material | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo |
| 15CrMo | 0.16 | 0.22 | 0.67 | 0.0043 | 0.0022 | 1.18 | 0.62 |
Use traditional manufacturing method, classical production process content are as follows:
Steel ingot is heated in gas heating furnace, and 1260 DEG C of heating and thermal insulation temperature, soaking time is 2 hours, forging of beginning
1240 DEG C of temperature, two fire time forging is divided in final forging temperature >=750 DEG C, and total forging ratio 3.5 is air-cooled after forging.
When heat treatment, hardening heat is 945 DEG C, keeps the temperature 2 hours, and liquid medium is cooling, and tempering temperature is 710 DEG C, air-cooled.
Test sample is cut from forging body, is processed tensile sample and impact specimen with sample, is carried out mechanical property
Test, mechanical performance data are shown in Table 6, and wherein A indicates growth rate, and Z indicates the contraction percentage of area.
6 mechanical property of table
| Material | Rm(MPa) | Re0.2(MPa) | A (%) | Z (%) | Akv2(J) |
| 15CrMo | 615 | 349 | 28 | 67 | 94 |
Grain size is measured by GB/T6394-2017 " metal mean grain size measuring method ", grain size number is 6 grades.
Forging is machined after mechanical property test, mach purpose is prepared for subsequent non-destructive testing, nothing
Damaging detection project is ultrasound examination and Magnetic testing.The defect that discovery has many places to be greater than 2mm in ultrasound examination, but defect is worked as
Amount is less than II grade of NB/T47013, meets the requirements of the standard.Magnetic testing do not find be more than 1mm circular flaw, have no any line
Property defect.
The embodiment of the present invention 1 and comparative example 1,2 are compared, are concluded that
For comparative example 1, due to using traditional chemical ingredient, in mechanical performance index, impact property is substantially compared with embodiment
It reduces, illustrates that chemical component adjustment promotes mechanical property and generate better effects.Due to other preparation sides except chemical component
Method does not change, and grain size, surface defects of products and internal flaw and embodiment are not much different.
For comparative example 2, using the chemical component in embodiment, but due in traditional handicraft be heat-treated heating temperature compared with
Height, austenite grain significantly increase, and impact property is reduced compared with embodiment in mechanical performance index, illustrate that heat treatment parameter optimization is adjusted
Whole promoted to mechanical property generates better effects.Since traditional handicraft forging is smaller, do not have thoroughly with consolidation effect to forging
Embodiment is good, so finding that many places are greater than the defect of 2mm when ultrasound examination.
It is from detection data as can be seen that excellent using the forging performance of alloy composition and fabrication process of the invention
Different, the forging of forging performance index remote ultra-traditional technique production, the defects count and size found in forging non-destructive testing be also remote
Better than traditional handicraft, embodiment technique has better effect than traditional handicraft, and embodiment ingredient has more than traditional chemical ingredient
Good mechanical property.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, all to utilize this hair
Equivalent structure or equivalent flow shift made by bright specification and accompanying drawing content is applied directly or indirectly in other relevant skills
Art field, is included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of high performance alloys steel flange and forging, which is characterized in that the steel alloy contains following chemical components:
The carbon of 0.14-0.17wt%, the silicon of 0.10-0.60wt%, the manganese of 0.60-0.80wt% ,≤0.005wt% phosphorus ,≤
The sulphur of 0.003wt%, the chromium of 1.00-1.25wt%, 0.55-0.65wt% molybdenum, surplus is iron；
The manufacturing method of the steel alloy includes the following steps:
Electric furnace smelting: step 1 uses electric furnace steel making after molten steel is pre-processed；
Step 2, external refining: being further refined into the steel alloy with refining furnace for the molten steel that the step 1 obtains, refining
Molten steel is cast into 16-24 cuns of steel ingots of φ afterwards；
Step 3, forging: the alloyed steel ingot that the step 2 is obtained is forged into product forging with hydraulic press or pneumatic hammer；
Heat treatment: step 4 the forging after natural cooling in the step 3 is placed in resistance furnace and is heat-treated；
Performance test: step 5 after heat treatment, cuts test sample from the forging after step 4 heat treatment, with examination
Material is processed into tensile sample and impact specimen, carries out mechanical property test；
Machining: steel alloy is made by machining in forging of the Mechanics Performance Testing in the step 5 after qualified by step 6
Flange and forging workpiece；
Non-destructive testing: step 7 is detected a flaw to the workpiece after machining by supersonic detector, magnetic powder flaw detector, is examined；
Finished product: step 8 the workpiece after flaw detection, inspection is packed and stored；
Wherein, the refining furnace in the step 2 is gas heating furnace, and heating temperature is 1210 DEG C, soaking time 1.8h；
The initial forging temperature of forging technology is 1210 DEG C in the step 3, final forging temperature >=800 DEG C, and point three fire are forged
It makes, the first fire time carries out steel ingot chamfered edge, pulling, fervent riser and the mouth of a river, forging ratio 2；Second fire time carries out jumping-up to steel ingot
And pulling, forging ratio 3；Third fire time arrives regulation shape, forging ratio 2 for jumping-up or pulling；Always forging ratio is three fire time
7, last fiery deflection is the 28% of total deformation, air-cooled after forging；
The hardening heat used in heat treatment process in the step 4 is 900 DEG C, and liquid medium is cooling, tempering temperature 710
DEG C, then liquid medium cooling.
2. the manufacturing method of high performance alloys steel flange and forging described in a kind of claim 1, which is characterized in that including walking as follows
It is rapid:
Electric furnace smelting: step 1 uses electric furnace steel making after molten steel is pre-processed；
External refining: step 2 molten steel that the step 1 obtains further is refined into refining furnace described in claim 1
Molten steel is cast 16-24 cuns of steel ingots of φ after refining by steel alloy；
Step 3, forging: the alloyed steel ingot that the step 2 is obtained is forged into product forging with hydraulic press or pneumatic hammer；
Heat treatment: step 4 the forging after natural cooling in the step 3 is placed in resistance furnace and is heat-treated；
Performance test: step 5 after heat treatment, cuts test sample from the forging after step 4 heat treatment, with examination
Material is processed into tensile sample and impact specimen, carries out mechanical property test；
Machining: steel alloy is made by machining in forging of the Mechanics Performance Testing in the step 5 after qualified by step 6
Flange and forging workpiece；
Non-destructive testing: step 7 is detected a flaw to the workpiece after machining by supersonic detector, magnetic powder flaw detector, is examined；
Finished product: step 8 the workpiece after flaw detection, inspection is packed and stored.
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| CN104988435B (en) * | 2015-07-11 | 2017-03-22 | 江阴兴澄特种钢铁有限公司 | Low-carbon high-tenacity super-thick steel plate and manufacturing method thereof |
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|---|---|
| CN108359902A (en) | 2018-08-03 |
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