CN108359766B - A kind of oxygen bottom blowing converter smelting process control method based on continuous measurement of molten steel temperature - Google Patents

A kind of oxygen bottom blowing converter smelting process control method based on continuous measurement of molten steel temperature Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108359766B
CN108359766B CN201810174520.2A CN201810174520A CN108359766B CN 108359766 B CN108359766 B CN 108359766B CN 201810174520 A CN201810174520 A CN 201810174520A CN 108359766 B CN108359766 B CN 108359766B
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bottom blowing
temperature
liquid steel
steel temperature
dephosphorization
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CN108359766A (en
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朱荣
胡绍岩
董凯
刘润藻
刘福海
李伟峰
姚柳洁
周赟
武文合
朱长富
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University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
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University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21CPROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/30Regulating or controlling the blowing
    • C21C5/34Blowing through the bath
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21CPROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46Details or accessories
    • C21C5/4673Measuring and sampling devices

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to oxygen bottom blowing converter field of steel-making, provide a kind of oxygen bottom blowing converter smelting process control method based on continuous measurement of molten steel temperature, by installing thermometric spray gun in the furnace bottom of oxygen bottom blowing converter come liquid steel temperature in real-time measurement furnace, molten steel composition is predicted in real time according to liquid steel temperature and converter blowing, charging situation, control by stages is carried out based on smelting process of the liquid steel temperature to oxygen bottom blowing converter, the injection parameter of dynamic regulation Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun realizes the optimum control of smelting process and double hits of endpoint molten steel temperature, carbon content.The present invention provides new method for the process and terminal point control of oxygen bottom blowing converter, and the double hit rates of smelting endpoint temperature, carbon content improve 10%, and endpoint molten steel phosphorus content is stably controlled within 80ppm, and steel technology reduces 10kg/t.

Description

A kind of oxygen bottom blowing converter smelting process control method based on continuous measurement of molten steel temperature
Technical field
The present invention relates to oxygen bottom blowing converter field of steel-making, in particular to a kind of bottom blowing oxygen based on continuous measurement of molten steel temperature Converter steelmaking process control method.
Background technique
Oxygen bottom blowing converter has the ability of bottom blowing oxygen and solid powder, significantly improves the power of metallurgical reaction in furnace Carbon can be removed to low-carbon neck under the conditions of (FeO) be not substantially increased in slag close to equilibrium state by condition, the reaction of slag-steel Domain, while bottom blowing pulvis can produce to high efficiency, low cost low-carbon height with impurity elements such as phosphorus, sulphur in efficient removal molten iron Quality steel grade.
Since the bottom blowing intensity of oxygen bottom blowing converter is big, melting bath stirring is strong, and reaction in furnace is violent, is difficult in actual production Liquid steel temperature, ingredient are accurately predicted, and implement effective smelting process control, molten steel at the end of smelting often occurs Temperature or the undesirable situation of molten steel composition.
Currently used smelting process monitoring means are analysis of fumes technology, but the technology is by furnace gas flow and furnace Gas ingredient predicts that the state of molten steel in furnace, accuracy are unstable indirectly;Furnace gas acquisition device is mounted on furnace gas processing pipeline, It is easy to happen blocking and damage, and measurement data lags behind real-time reactiveness in furnace.
The development of Non-contact Infrared Temperature Measurement technology provides the technological means of continuous measurement liquid steel temperature, utilizes thermometric Gas creates temperature signal transmission channel between molten steel and temperature transducer, can it is safe and stable, continuously measure molten steel temperature Degree.The present invention continuously measures the liquid steel temperature of oxygen bottom blowing converter using infrared temperature-test technology, and implements bottom based on liquid steel temperature Blow the smelting process control of oxygen coverter.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of BOTTOM OXYGEN based on continuous measurement of molten steel temperature Gas converter steelmaking process control method, the liquid steel temperature of oxygen bottom blowing converter is continuously measured using infrared temperature-test technology, is based on steel Molten steel composition in coolant-temperature gage and process blowing parameter prediction furnace, the blowing based on liquid steel temperature control by stages oxygen bottom blowing converter Technological parameter realizes the optimal double hits with outlet temperature, carbon content of smelting process.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of oxygen bottom blowing converter smelting process control method based on continuous measurement of molten steel temperature, is continuously surveyed by thermometric spray gun Measure liquid steel temperature in the oxygen bottom blowing converter;It is real according to feed stock for blast furnace amount, injection system operating parameter and the liquid steel temperature When calculate the ingredient of molten steel in the oxygen bottom blowing converter;Joined according to the blowing of the liquid steel temperature control by stages Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun Number.
Further, specifically comprise the following steps:
If Step 1: the furnace bottom of the oxygen bottom blowing converter install the thermometric spray gun that 1 can continuously measure liquid steel temperature and The Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches can bottom blowing carrier gas-pulvis Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun, the liquid steel temperature that the thermometric spray gun measures is real-time transmitted to control system;
Step 2: the control system to oxygen bottom blowing converter smelt whole liquid steel temperature data carry out acquisition in real time and Analysis calculates the ingredient of molten steel in oxygen bottom blowing converter furnace in conjunction with oxygen bottom blowing converter injection system operating parameter;
Step 3: the blowing for the liquid steel temperature control by stages Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun that the control system is measured according to thermometric spray gun Parameter.
Further, step 2 specifically:
Before step 2.1) oxygen bottom blowing converter starts blowing, the original state of feed stock for blast furnace is counted, is calculated The gross mass of C, Si, Mn, P, S and Fe element in all raw materials, total physics heat and total chemical heat in oxygen bottom blowing converter furnace;
In step 2.2) oxygen bottom blowing converter smelting process, according to oxidant blowing amount, slag former additional amount and coolant Additional amount is based on material balance and principle of energy balance in conjunction with the liquid steel temperature that thermometric spray gun measures, calculate in furnace molten steel at Point.
Further, step 3 specifically:
Step 3.1) the desiliconization slugging stage: after starting blowing, when liquid steel temperature is lower than dephosphorization lower limit temperature, Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun With the blowing of slugging mode, carrier gas O2, pulvis is pulverized limestone, calculates pulverized limestone blowing speed according to heating rate and initial silicon content Rate forms the molten slag of expected basicity when reaching dephosphorization lower limit temperature;
Step 3.2) the high efficiency dephosphorating stage: when liquid steel temperature reaches dephosphorization lower limit temperature, Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun is with the spray of dephosphorization mode It blows, carrier gas O2-CO2Gaseous mixture, pulvis are dephosphorization pulvis, the total amount of dephosphorization pulvis needed for being calculated according to initial phosphorous content, according to Dephosphorization pulvis injection rate calculates dephosphorization phase duration, according to O in liquid steel temperature dynamic regulation carrier gas2And CO2Ratio, To control heating rate, liquid steel temperature is made to reach dephosphorization ceiling temperature in dephosphorization stage terminal;
Step 3.3) the decarburization temperature rise period: when liquid steel temperature reaches dephosphorization ceiling temperature, after completing slugging and dephosphorization, bottom blowing Spray gun is with the blowing of decarburization heating mode, bottom blowing O2, quick decarburization heating, until liquid steel temperature reaches the pre- controlling temperature of terminal;
Step 3.4) the terminal point control stage: it after liquid steel temperature reaches terminal pre- controlling temperature, is predicted in conjunction with control system Molten steel composition, Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun is with the blowing of terminal point control mode, bottom blowing O2-CO2Gaseous mixture, the molten steel temperature measured according to thermometric spray gun The molten steel composition that degree and control system calculate, dynamic regulation O2And CO2Mixed proportion, realize the double lives of outlet temperature and carbon content In;
Step 3.5) is tapped the stage: when liquid steel temperature reaches tapping target temperature, bottom blowing N2/ Ar, turndown tapping, is completed It smelts.
Further, the thermometric spray gun is mounted on the furnace bottom of oxygen bottom blowing converter, and outlet end is concordant with furnace bottom inner surface, Arrival end installs temperature transducer and thermometric gas connection, prevents molten steel from flowing backward to spray gun using thermometric gas, in molten steel The liquid steel temperature characteristic signal transmission channel of safety and stability is established between temperature transducer, realizes oxygen bottom blowing converter molten steel temperature The continuous monitoring of degree;The thermometric gas is O2-CO2-N2- Ar gaseous mixture.
Further, the dephosphorization lower limit temperature is 1350 ~ 1375 DEG C, and the dephosphorization ceiling temperature is 1375 ~ 1400 DEG C, The pre- controlling temperature of terminal is the initial temperature in terminal point control stage, lower than 30 ~ 60 DEG C of target temperature of tapping.
Further, in step 3.4) terminal point control stage, molten steel " rephosphorization " in order to prevent, in bottom blowing O2-CO2While Injection dephosphorization pulvis.
Further, the quantity of the Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun is 2 ~ 10, according to the nominal capacity of oxygen bottom blowing converter and bottom blowing Intensity determines.
The invention has the benefit that this method being capable of molten steel temperature in real-time measurement oxygen bottom blowing converter smelting process Degree, and predict molten steel composition in furnace, control by stages is carried out to the smelting process of oxygen bottom blowing converter on this basis, early period is fast Speed forms the clinker of default basicity, and the dephosphorization stage maintains dephosphorization temperature and improving dephosphorization effect, and latter stage passes through O2-CO2Mixed injection, The double hits for realizing smelting endpoint molten steel temperature and carbon content, make the end phosphorus content stability contorting of oxygen bottom blowing converter exist Within 80ppm, the double hit rates of smelting endpoint temperature, carbon content improve 10%, and steel technology reduces 10kg/t.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 show a kind of oxygen bottom blowing converter smelting process controlling party based on continuous measurement of molten steel temperature of the embodiment of the present invention The control flow schematic diagram of method.
Fig. 2 show the schematic device of the oxygen bottom blowing converter smelting process control method based on continuous measurement of molten steel temperature.
In figure: 1, the furnace bottom of oxygen bottom blowing converter;2, molten steel;3, thermometric spray gun;3-1, thermometric gas connection;3-2, thermometric Sensor;4, Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific attached drawing the present invention is described in detail specific embodiment.It should be noted that in following embodiments The combination of the technical characteristic or technical characteristic of description is not construed as isolated, they can be combined with each other to reaching To superior technique effect.In the drawings of the following embodiments, the identical label that each attached drawing occurs represent identical feature or Person's component, can be apply to different embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, a kind of oxygen bottom blowing converter smelting process control based on continuous measurement of molten steel temperature of the embodiment of the present invention Method processed, specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1: if the furnace bottom of the oxygen bottom blowing converter install the thermometric spray gun that 1 can continuously measure liquid steel temperature and The Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches can bottom blowing carrier gas-pulvis Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun, the liquid steel temperature that the thermometric spray gun measures is real-time transmitted to control system;
Step 2: the control system to oxygen bottom blowing converter smelt whole liquid steel temperature data carry out acquisition in real time and Analysis calculates molten steel in oxygen bottom blowing converter furnace in conjunction with oxygen bottom blowing converter injection system operating parameter on the basis of data Ingredient, specifically includes the following steps:
Before step 2.1) oxygen bottom blowing converter starts blowing, the original state of feed stock for blast furnace is counted, is calculated The gross mass of C, Si, Mn, P, S and Fe element in all raw materials, total physics heat and total chemical heat in oxygen bottom blowing converter furnace.
In step 2.2) oxygen bottom blowing converter smelting process, according to oxidant blowing amount, slag former additional amount and coolant Additional amount is based on material balance and principle of energy balance in conjunction with the liquid steel temperature that thermometric spray gun measures, predict in furnace molten steel at Point.
Step 3: the blowing for the liquid steel temperature control by stages Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun that the control system is measured according to thermometric spray gun Parameter, specific as follows:
Step 3.1) the desiliconization slugging stage: after starting blowing, when liquid steel temperature is lower than dephosphorization lower limit temperature, Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun With the blowing of slugging mode, carrier gas O2, pulvis is pulverized limestone, calculates pulverized limestone blowing speed according to heating rate and initial silicon content Rate forms the molten slag of expected basicity when reaching dephosphorization lower limit temperature;
Step 3.2) the high efficiency dephosphorating stage: when liquid steel temperature reaches dephosphorization lower limit temperature, Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun is with the spray of dephosphorization mode It blows, carrier gas O2-CO2Gaseous mixture, pulvis are dephosphorization pulvis, the total amount of dephosphorization pulvis needed for being calculated according to initial phosphorous content, according to Dephosphorization pulvis injection rate calculates dephosphorization phase duration, according to O in liquid steel temperature dynamic regulation carrier gas2And CO2Ratio, To control heating rate, liquid steel temperature is made to reach dephosphorization ceiling temperature in dephosphorization stage terminal;
Step 3.3) the decarburization temperature rise period: when liquid steel temperature reaches dephosphorization ceiling temperature, after completing slugging and dephosphorization, bottom blowing Spray gun is with the blowing of decarburization heating mode, bottom blowing O2, quick decarburization heating, until liquid steel temperature reaches the pre- controlling temperature of terminal;
Step 3.4) the terminal point control stage: it after liquid steel temperature reaches terminal pre- controlling temperature, is predicted in conjunction with control system Molten steel composition, Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun is with the blowing of terminal point control mode, bottom blowing O2-CO2Gaseous mixture, the molten steel temperature measured according to thermometric spray gun The molten steel composition of degree and control system prediction, dynamic regulation O2And CO2Mixed proportion, realize the double lives of outlet temperature and carbon content In;
Step 3.5) is tapped the stage: when liquid steel temperature reaches tapping target temperature, bottom blowing N2/ Ar, turndown tapping, is completed It smelts.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is applied on 100 tons of oxygen bottom blowing converters, and the furnace bottom of the oxygen bottom blowing converter is disposed with 1 thermometric spray Rifle and 4 Bottom Blowing Ejection Guns, wherein thermometric spray gun is arranged in hearth center, and 4 Bottom Blowing Ejection Guns are in the symmetrical cloth in trunnion center line two sides It sets.The thermometric gas that thermometric spray gun uses is O2-N2- Ar gaseous mixture, the air supply intensity of Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun are 0.8Nm3/ t/min is supplied Powder intensity is 2 ~ 4kg/t/min.The dephosphorization lower limit temperature that the converter is set is 1350 DEG C, and dephosphorization ceiling temperature is 1400 DEG C, eventually The pre- controlling temperature of point is lower than 50 DEG C of target temperature of tapping.
After control method of the invention, outlet temperature and the double hit rates of carbon content reach 99.6%, and endpoint molten steel phosphorus Stable content controls within 80ppm, and the steel technology of converter procedure is 1061kg/t.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is applied on 300 tons of oxygen bottom blowing converters, and the furnace bottom of the oxygen bottom blowing converter is disposed with 1 thermometric spray Rifle and 8 Bottom Blowing Ejection Guns, wherein thermometric spray gun is arranged in hearth center, and 8 Bottom Blowing Ejection Guns are in the symmetrical cloth in trunnion center line two sides It sets.The thermometric gas that thermometric spray gun uses is O2-CO2Gaseous mixture, the air supply intensity of Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun are 1.0Nm3/ t/min, powder supply Intensity is 2.5 ~ 5kg/t/min.The dephosphorization lower limit temperature that the converter is set is 1360 DEG C, and dephosphorization ceiling temperature is 1390 DEG C, eventually The pre- controlling temperature of point is lower than 30 DEG C of target temperature of tapping.
After control method of the invention, outlet temperature and the double hit rates of carbon content reach 99.2%, and endpoint molten steel phosphorus Stable content controls within 75ppm, and the steel technology of converter procedure is 1055kg/t.
Although having been presented for several embodiments of the present invention herein, it will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that Without departing from the spirit of the invention, the embodiments herein can be changed.Above-described embodiment is only exemplary, no It should be using the embodiments herein as the restriction of interest field of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of oxygen bottom blowing converter smelting process control method based on continuous measurement of molten steel temperature, which is characterized in that pass through thermometric Spray gun continuously measures liquid steel temperature in the oxygen bottom blowing converter;According to feed stock for blast furnace amount, injection system operating parameter and described Liquid steel temperature calculates the ingredient of molten steel in the oxygen bottom blowing converter in real time;It is sprayed according to the liquid steel temperature control by stages bottom blowing The injection parameter of rifle;Specifically comprise the following steps:
Step 1: the furnace bottom of the oxygen bottom blowing converter installs the thermometric spray gun that 1 can continuously measure liquid steel temperature and several Can bottom blowing carrier gas-pulvis Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun, the liquid steel temperature that the thermometric spray gun measures is real-time transmitted to control system;
It is acquired and is divided in real time Step 2: the control system smelts whole liquid steel temperature data to oxygen bottom blowing converter Analysis calculates the ingredient of molten steel in oxygen bottom blowing converter furnace in conjunction with oxygen bottom blowing converter injection system operating parameter;
Step 3: the blowing for the liquid steel temperature control by stages Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun that the control system is measured according to thermometric spray gun is joined Number.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step 2 specifically:
Before step 2.1) oxygen bottom blowing converter starts blowing, the original state of feed stock for blast furnace is counted, bottom blowing is calculated The gross mass of C, Si, Mn, P, S and Fe element in all raw materials, total physics heat and total chemical heat in oxygen coverter furnace;
In step 2.2) oxygen bottom blowing converter smelting process, it is added according to oxidant blowing amount, slag former additional amount and coolant Amount is based on material balance and principle of energy balance in conjunction with the liquid steel temperature that thermometric spray gun measures, and calculates molten steel composition in furnace.
3. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step 3 specifically:
Step 3.1) the desiliconization slugging stage: after starting blowing, when liquid steel temperature is lower than dephosphorization lower limit temperature, Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun is to change The blowing of slag mode, carrier gas O2, pulvis is pulverized limestone, pulverized limestone injection rate is calculated according to heating rate and initial silicon content, The molten slag of expected basicity is formed when reaching dephosphorization lower limit temperature;
Step 3.2) the high efficiency dephosphorating stage: when liquid steel temperature reaches dephosphorization lower limit temperature, Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun is carried with the blowing of dephosphorization mode Gas is O2-CO2Gaseous mixture, pulvis are dephosphorization pulvis, the total amount of dephosphorization pulvis needed for being calculated according to initial phosphorous content, according to dephosphorization Pulvis injection rate calculates dephosphorization phase duration, according to O in liquid steel temperature dynamic regulation carrier gas2And CO2Ratio, thus Heating rate is controlled, liquid steel temperature is made to reach dephosphorization ceiling temperature in dephosphorization stage terminal;
Step 3.3) the decarburization temperature rise period: when liquid steel temperature reaches dephosphorization ceiling temperature, after completing slugging and dephosphorization, Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun With the blowing of decarburization heating mode, bottom blowing O2, quick decarburization heating, until liquid steel temperature reaches the pre- controlling temperature of terminal;
Step 3.4) the terminal point control stage: after liquid steel temperature reaches terminal pre- controlling temperature, the molten steel predicted in conjunction with control system Ingredient, Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun is with the blowing of terminal point control mode, bottom blowing O2-CO2Gaseous mixture, the liquid steel temperature measured according to thermometric spray gun and The molten steel composition that control system calculates, dynamic regulation O2And CO2Mixed proportion, realize the double hits of outlet temperature and carbon content;
Step 3.5) is tapped the stage: when liquid steel temperature reaches tapping target temperature, bottom blowing N2/ Ar, turndown tapping are completed to smelt.
4. the method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the thermometric spray gun is mounted on oxygen bottom blowing converter Furnace bottom, outlet end is concordant with furnace bottom inner surface, and arrival end installs temperature transducer and thermometric gas connection, utilizes thermometric gas Prevent molten steel from flowing backward to spray gun, the liquid steel temperature characteristic signal that safety and stability is established between molten steel and temperature transducer passes The continuous monitoring of oxygen bottom blowing converter liquid steel temperature is realized in defeated channel;The thermometric gas is O2-CO2-N2- Ar gaseous mixture.
5. method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the dephosphorization lower limit temperature is 1350~1375 DEG C, described de- Phosphorus ceiling temperature is 1375~1400 DEG C, and the pre- controlling temperature of terminal is the initial temperature in terminal point control stage, lower than tapping mesh 30~60 DEG C of temperature of mark.
6. method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that in step 3.4) the terminal point control stage, molten steel " is returned in order to prevent Phosphorus ", in bottom blowing O2-CO2While injection dephosphorization pulvis.
7. the method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the quantity of the Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun is 2~10, root It is determined according to the nominal capacity and bottom blowing intensity of oxygen bottom blowing converter.
CN201810174520.2A 2018-03-02 2018-03-02 A kind of oxygen bottom blowing converter smelting process control method based on continuous measurement of molten steel temperature Active CN108359766B (en)

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CN109097523B (en) * 2018-08-31 2019-12-24 钢铁研究总院 Double-slag smelting process
CN110699510A (en) * 2019-09-17 2020-01-17 柳州钢铁股份有限公司 Converter efficient dephosphorization method controlled in stages according to molten pool temperature
CN110804684B (en) 2019-10-16 2020-08-11 北京科技大学 CO converter2-O2Dynamic control method for temperature of mixed blowing smelting fire point area
CN111500815B (en) * 2020-05-28 2021-06-11 北京科技大学 Bottom blowing O2-CO2Dynamic control method for steelmaking process of CaO converter
CN113654663B (en) * 2021-07-19 2023-11-10 长春工业大学 Online continuous temperature measurement system of AOD furnace and working method thereof
CN114854929B (en) * 2022-05-07 2023-03-17 北京科技大学 Converter blowing CO 2 Method for dynamically predicting molten steel components and temperature in real time
CN118347293B (en) * 2024-06-14 2024-08-23 河南瑞德克气力输送设备有限公司 Intelligent quantitative injection device for nonferrous metal smelting

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