CN108350245A - 添加剂包 - Google Patents
添加剂包 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108350245A CN108350245A CN201580082779.9A CN201580082779A CN108350245A CN 108350245 A CN108350245 A CN 108350245A CN 201580082779 A CN201580082779 A CN 201580082779A CN 108350245 A CN108350245 A CN 108350245A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- copolymer
- vinyl acetate
- packet according
- additive packet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 Ethylene ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 7
- HIXDQWDOVZUNNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxychromen-4-one Chemical compound C=1C(OC)=CC(O)=C(C(C=2)=O)C=1OC=2C1=CC=C(OC)C(OC)=C1 HIXDQWDOVZUNNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C=C PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- HETCEOQFVDFGSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropenyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=C)OC(C)=O HETCEOQFVDFGSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- GLVVKKSPKXTQRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC=C GLVVKKSPKXTQRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004890 Hydrophobing Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052615 phyllosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- LLVWLCAZSOLOTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-4-[1,4,4-tris(4-methylphenyl)buta-1,3-dienyl]benzene Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC(C)=CC=1)=CC=C(C=1C=CC(C)=CC=1)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 LLVWLCAZSOLOTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000003642 hunger Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 43
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- YLGXILFCIXHCMC-JHGZEJCSSA-N methyl cellulose Chemical compound COC1C(OC)C(OC)C(COC)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1C(OC)C(OC)C(OC)OC1COC YLGXILFCIXHCMC-JHGZEJCSSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CBOCVOKPQGJKKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium formate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O CBOCVOKPQGJKKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920004482 WACKER® Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019255 calcium formate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 3
- CCJAYIGMMRQRAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylideneamino]butyliminomethyl]phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C=NCCCCN=CC1=CC=CC=C1O CCJAYIGMMRQRAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229920000896 Ethulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001859 Ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001479 Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- HSHXDCVZWHOWCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N'-hexadecylthiophene-2-carbohydrazide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCNNC(=O)c1cccs1 HSHXDCVZWHOWCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920013820 alkyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000004181 carboxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019326 ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002762 monocarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 101100050026 Enterobacteria phage T4 y01J gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920003091 Methocel™ Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QOSMNYMQXIVWKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propyl levulinate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)CCC(C)=O QOSMNYMQXIVWKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010882 bottom ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-2-ene Chemical group CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940044172 calcium formate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004281 calcium formate Substances 0.000 description 1
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC=C UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C=C NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001002 functional polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920013821 hydroxy alkyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004482 other powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010816 packaging waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- CCEKAJIANROZEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfluramid Chemical group CCNS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F CCEKAJIANROZEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006163 vinyl copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F216/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical
- C08F216/02—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical by an alcohol radical
- C08F216/04—Acyclic compounds
- C08F216/06—Polyvinyl alcohol ; Vinyl alcohol
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B24/2623—Polyvinylalcohols; Polyvinylacetates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D65/00—Wrappers or flexible covers; Packaging materials of special type or form
- B65D65/38—Packaging materials of special type or form
- B65D65/46—Applications of disintegrable, dissolvable or edible materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
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Abstract
本发明涉及包含水溶性胶囊和水分散性聚合物粉末(分散粉末)的添加剂包。
Description
本发明涉及包含水溶性胶囊和水分散性聚合物粉末(分散粉末)的添加剂包、所述添加剂包用于与无机粘结剂一起生产含水砂浆的用途以及利用所述添加剂包获得的含水砂浆组合物。
使用无机粘结剂的砂浆组合物的生产将诸如水泥、石膏、石灰或壤土的无机粘结剂与诸如砂的填料和其它添加剂如分散粉末和/或增稠剂一起混合，并将这些与水混合以得到砂浆组合物。近年来，称为工厂生产的干砂浆的材料已被成功地用于生产这些砂浆组合物。所述干砂浆根据在建筑材料生产商的工厂限定的配方进行预混合，并以包装形式(袋装产品)或以作为筒仓产品的散装形式提供。在使用之前，将干砂浆然后简单地与限定量的水混合。
这些干砂浆的主要组分是无机粘结剂，如水泥、石膏或石灰，和填料，例如砂；为了改善硬化砂浆组合物的机械性质，这里还可添加作为添加剂的分散粉末和作为添加剂的任选存在的增稠剂以获得期望的流变性，以及还有作为添加剂的促凝剂或缓凝剂以获得期望的使用性质。这些干砂浆的实例参见EP 0 722 917 B1、EP 1 238 958 B1和EP 2 537 818A2。
用于干砂浆的添加剂同样是已知的。举例来说，WO 03/106369 A1描述了用于改善流动性质的添加剂，其包含纤维素醚和聚羧酸。专利EP 2 297 060 B1描述了由分散剂和稳定剂制成的流变添加剂。WO 2011/073224A1描述了包含增塑剂的粘合改善剂。WO 2011/098412 A1描述了疏水剂。
表述水分散性聚合物粉末(分散粉末)用于借助在保护胶体存在下干燥相应的含水聚合物分散体而可获得的粉末组合物。借助所述生产方法，分散体的微粒聚合物树脂变得被水溶性保护胶体包覆(coated)。在干燥期间，保护胶体粒子充当防止聚合物粒子结块的护层(jacket)。在将所述分散性聚合物粉末再分散于水中时，保护胶体再溶解于水中，并且再次获得原始聚合物粒子的水分散体(Schulze J.in TIZ,No.9,1985)。
以上讨论的干砂浆组合物的优点是由于标准化的工业生产工艺而具有均匀的产品质量。然而，将这些干砂浆配制物供应至施工现场的前提条件是用于将干砂浆运送至最终使用者的高度发达的基础设施，这不仅涉及筒仓而且还涉及建筑材料的分销商或建筑工业市场。就干砂浆、分散粉末或建筑化学添加剂呈固体形式来说，它们通常以包装在由纸或塑料如聚乙烯或PVC制成的袋或小袋(sack)中的形式销售。用于分散粉末或干砂浆的包装的实例是见于WO 2005/092724 A1中的多层包装。
基础设施不太发达的地区通常可在当地获得用于砂浆组合物的主要材料，即水泥、砂和水，但不一定能获得即用型干砂浆。
因此，期望提供用于改善砂浆性质且尤其是呈如下供应形式的添加剂：其可与用于含水砂浆组合物的主要材料组合，以获得与利用即用型干砂浆生产的材料的质量相当的建筑材料质量。还应当使这些添加剂以可立即以砂浆生产所需的量使用的形式可用，例如借助于包装在适当大小的包装件中。这里应当避免诸如打开包装期间的撒粉和包装浪费的缺点。
本发明提供包含水溶性胶囊和水分散性聚合物粉末(分散粉末)的添加剂包。
适合的水溶性胶囊是由冷水溶性和温水溶性的聚合物膜制成的胶囊。
表述冷水溶性聚合物膜在这里意指聚合物膜在20℃、优选10℃的水温下完全溶解于水中。表述温水溶性聚合物膜在这里意指聚合物膜在40℃的水温下完全溶解于水中。在搅拌下，溶解时间通常分别为10至60秒，所述时间取决于水的温度、膜的厚度和聚合物的类型。用于确定聚合物膜在水中的溶解度的测试以举例方式描述于来自HARKE PackagingProducts的数据表编号3040000001/501378的小册子“SolublonR kalt-,warm-,PVAl-Folien”[SolublonR冷水溶性、温水溶性和热水溶性PVAl膜]中的第6页。
用于生产冷水溶性或温水溶性聚合物膜的适合的聚合物是本领域技术人员，例如从Davidson和Sitting，Watersoluble Resins，Van Nostrand-Reinhold公司，New York(1968)已知的。熟悉的材料是聚乙烯醇、纤维素醚、聚环氧乙烷、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和聚酰胺。适合的聚合物膜可在商业上获得。
优选冷水溶性聚合物膜。特别优选由冷水溶性乙烯醇聚合物制成的冷水溶性聚合物膜。适于该目的的乙烯醇聚合物是部分水解的乙酸乙烯酯均聚物或部分水解的乙酸乙烯酯共聚物，其分别具有70mol％至95mol％、优选80mol％至90mol％的水解度并且具有1至50mPas、优选5至30mPas的粘度，所述粘度在每种情况下通过根据DIN 53015的方法利用落球粘度计在4重量％的水溶液中测量。
部分水解的乙酸乙烯酯共聚物的实例是乙酸乙烯酯与1重量％至50重量％的来自以下组中的一种或多种共聚单体的部分水解的共聚物：烯键式不饱和羧酸，如丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、马来酸(和其酐)和衣康酸；以及烯键式不饱和磺酸(和其盐)，如2-丙烯酰氨基-2-甲基丙磺酸；以及具有C1-至C4-烷基的乙酸1-烷基乙烯酯，如乙酸异丙烯酯(乙酸1-甲基乙烯酯)。这些部分水解的乙酸乙烯酯共聚物以举例方式描述于WO 2013/119537 A1中。
优选部分水解的乙酸乙烯酯均聚物，其具有80mol％至90mol％的水解度且具有5至30mPas的粘度。还优选通过使80重量％至95重量％的乙酸乙烯酯、5重量％至20重量％的乙酸异丙烯酯和0重量％至5重量％的可与其共聚的其它烯键式不饱和单体聚合而获得的部分水解的乙酸乙烯酯共聚物，其中重量百分比数据的总数始终为100重量％，其分别具有80mol％至90mol％的水解度和5至30mPas的粘度。还优选作为优选提到的部分水解的乙酸乙烯酯均聚物与作为优选提到的部分水解的乙酸乙烯酯共聚物的混合物。
部分水解的乙酸乙烯酯均聚物和部分水解的乙酸乙烯酯共聚物的生产是本领域技术人员已知的。在第一阶段中，优选通过相应单体在醇溶液中，例如在甲醇或乙醇中的自由基溶液聚合来生产乙酸乙烯酯均聚物或乙酸乙烯酯共聚物。随后优选在添加NaOH的碱性介质中进行水解。所得聚合物可通过过滤或蒸馏分离。由部分水解的乙酸乙烯酯均聚物或部分水解的乙酸乙烯酯共聚物制成的膜还在商业上例如以商标SolublonR从AicelloChemical有限公司获得。
部分水解的乙酸乙烯酯均聚物或乙酸乙烯酯共聚物可以已知方式通过浇注或挤出加工以得到膜。膜的厚度通常为10至500μm，优选10至100μm。
然后可以已知的方式从膜模制小袋或袋形式的水溶性胶囊。这些水溶性胶囊还可在商业上以举例方式从gs-go soluble公司获得。为了降低表面粘性，包装的外表面可任选地撒上淀粉粉末或滑石粉末。一旦在材料已被装入胶囊中后，则例如通过密封将胶囊封闭。
水溶性胶囊在本发明中用作用于水分散性聚合物粉末(分散粉末)的包装，所述水分散性聚合物粉末任选地与用于干砂浆的其它添加剂或与建筑化学产品共混。
水分散性聚合物粉末(分散粉末)的聚合物是选自以下组中的一种或多种烯键式不饱和单体的聚合物：具有1至12个C原子的无支化或支化羧酸的乙烯基酯；具有1至15个C原子的无支化或支化醇的丙烯酸酯或甲基丙烯酸酯；乙烯基芳族化合物，如苯乙烯；烯烃，如乙烯，1,3-二烯；和氯乙烯。还可任选地使基于单体混合物的总重量0.1重量％至10重量％的辅助单体共聚。优选使用0.5重量％至5重量％的辅助单体。特别优选不使辅助单体共聚。辅助单体的实例是烯键式不饱和单羧酸和二羧酸；烯键式不饱和羧酰胺和烯键式不饱和腈；烯键式不饱和磺酸和其盐。其它实例是预交联共聚单体，如多烯键式不饱和共聚单体；和后交联共聚单体，例如N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺(NMA)。其它适合的材料是环氧官能共聚单体，如甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油基酯；和硅官能共聚单体，如乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷。
优选乙酸乙烯酯的均聚物；
乙酸乙烯酯和乙烯的共聚物；
乙酸乙烯酯、乙烯和具有9至12个碳原子的α-支化的单羧酸的乙烯基酯的共聚物；
乙酸乙烯酯和具有1至15个C原子的无支化或支化醇的一种或多种(甲基)丙烯酸酯、特别是丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丙酯、丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、丙烯酸2-丙基庚酯以及任选存在的乙烯的共聚物；
乙酸乙烯酯、乙烯和氯乙烯以及还有任选存在的其它乙烯基酯和/或(甲基)丙烯酸酯的共聚物；
具有1至15个C原子的无支化或支化醇的一种或多种(甲基)丙烯酸酯(例如丙烯酸正丁酯和丙烯酸2-乙基己酯和/或甲基丙烯酸甲酯)的共聚物；
苯乙烯和来自以下组中的一种或多种单体的共聚物：丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丙酯、丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯；
1,3-丁二烯和苯乙烯和/或甲基丙烯酸甲酯以及还有任选存在的其它丙烯酸酯的共聚物；
其中所提到的混合物可任选地还包含一种或多种上述的辅助单体。
特别优选乙酸乙烯酯和1重量％至50重量％的乙烯的共聚物；
乙酸乙烯酯和1重量％至50重量％的乙烯以及1重量％至50重量％的来自以下组中的一种或多种其它共聚单体的共聚物：在羧酸部分中具有3至12个C原子的乙烯基酯，例如丙酸乙烯酯、月桂酸乙烯酯，具有9至12个C原子的α-支化的羧酸的乙烯基酯，例如VeoVa9、VeoVa10、VeoVa11(Hexion公司的商标)。
乙酸乙烯酯、1重量％至50重量％的乙烯和优选1重量％至60重量％的具有1至15个C原子的无支化或支化醇的(甲基)丙烯酸酯、特别是丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸2-丙基庚酯或丙烯酸2-乙基己酯的共聚物；
30重量％至75重量％的乙酸乙烯酯、1重量％至30重量％的月桂酸乙烯酯或具有9至12个C碳原子的α-支化的羧酸的乙烯基酯、以及还有1重量％至30重量％的具有1至15个C原子的无支化或支化醇的(甲基)丙烯酸酯、特别是丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸2-丙基庚酯或丙烯酸2-乙基己酯的共聚物，其中这些还包含1重量％至40重量％的乙烯；
乙酸乙烯酯、1重量％至50重量％的乙烯和1重量％至60重量％的氯乙烯以及还有任选存在的其它乙烯基酯和/或(甲基)丙烯酸酯的共聚物；
其中所述共聚物还可分别包含所提到的量的所提到的辅助单体，并且重量百分比数据的总数始终为100重量％。
还特别优选(甲基)丙烯酸酯聚合物，如丙烯酸正丁酯或丙烯酸2-乙基己酯的聚合物，或甲基丙烯酸甲酯与丙烯酸正丁酯和/或丙烯酸2-乙基己酯的共聚物；苯乙烯-丙烯酸酯与来自以下组中的一种或多种单体的共聚物：丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丙酯、丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯；乙酸乙烯酯-丙烯酸酯与来自以下组中的一种或多种单体的共聚物：丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丙酯、丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、丙烯酸2-丙基庚酯和任选存在的乙烯；苯乙烯-1,3-丁二烯共聚物；
其中所述聚合物还可分别包含所提到的量的辅助单体，并且重量百分比数据的总数始终为100重量％。
最优选乙酸乙烯酯和5重量％至50重量％、特别是5重量％至25重量％的乙烯的共聚物；
乙酸乙烯酯、1重量％至50重量％的乙烯和1重量％至50重量％的具有9至12个C原子的α-支化的单羧酸的乙烯基酯的共聚物；
30重量％至75重量％的乙酸乙烯酯、1重量％至30重量％的月桂酸乙烯酯或具有9至12个C碳原子的α-支化的羧酸的乙烯基酯以及还有1重量％至30重量％的具有1至15个C原子的无支化或支化醇的(甲基)丙烯酸酯的共聚物，其中这些还包含1重量％至40重量％的乙烯；
乙酸乙烯酯、1重量％至25重量％的乙烯和15重量％至35重量％的氯乙烯的共聚物；
苯乙烯和20重量％至50重量％的1,3-丁二烯的共聚物；
苯乙烯和20重量％至50重量％的丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丙酯、丙烯酸丁酯或丙烯酸2-乙基己酯的共聚物；
其中所述聚合物还可分别包含所提到的量的辅助单体，并且重量百分比数据的总数始终为100重量％。
这里用于选择单体和分别选择共聚单体的重量比例的方法使得所得玻璃化转变温度Tg优选-50℃至+60℃，更优选-30℃至+40℃,且最优选-15℃至+20℃。聚合物的玻璃化转变温度Tg可通过DSC(动态扫描量热法，DIN EN ISO 11357-1/2)以已知方式确定。Tg还可通过使用Fox方程来近似得到。根据Fox T.G.,Bull.Am.Physics Soc.1,3，第123页(1956)：1/Tg＝x1/Tg1+x2/Tg2+...+xn/Tgn，其中xn是单体n的质量分数(重量％/100)，且Tgn是单体n的均聚物的玻璃转化温度(开)。在Polymer Handbook第2版，J.Wiley&Sons,New York(1975)中列出了均聚物的Tg值。
所述聚合物通常通过乳液聚合方法生产，例如在乳化剂或优选保护胶体存在下生产。所得聚合物分散体通过任选在添加干燥助剂之后，例如通过喷雾干燥将其干燥而被转化为水分散性聚合物粉末。用于分散粉末的生产方法以举例方式描述于EP 1916275 A1中，其中的相关信息以引用方式并入本文中。水分散性聚合物粉末还可在商业上获得，实例是来自Wacker Chemie AG的分散粉末。
添加剂包包含水分散性聚合物粉末，或者还可包含分别包装在水溶性胶囊中的至少一种水分散性聚合物粉末和用于干砂浆或建筑化学产品的至少一种其它粉状添加剂的混合物。除分散粉末之外可存在于添加剂包中的用于干砂浆或建筑化学产品的适合的其它添加剂是来自以下组中的一种或多种添加剂：无机粘结剂，如水泥或石膏；填料，如砂、粉状石英和/或碳酸钙；增稠剂，如纤维素醚或淀粉醚、页硅酸盐或聚羧酸；促凝剂，如蔗糖；缓凝剂，如甲酸钙；疏水剂，如硅烷或脂肪酸酯；消泡剂。
优选各自混合物中添加剂的所用定量比例是这些添加剂存在于成品砂浆组合物中的那些。还可将包含分散粉末的干砂浆混合物包装在水溶性胶囊中。在这种情况下，然后可通过将添加剂包置于充水容器中来获得成品砂浆。
如果将增稠剂作为其它添加剂混合，则适合材料的实例是多糖，如纤维素醚或淀粉醚；页硅酸盐或聚羧酸。优选的增稠剂是来自以下组中的纤维素醚：烷基纤维素、羟烷基纤维素醚、羧烷基纤维素醚和具有至少两个不同取代基的混合醚，所述至少两个不同取代基选自烷基、羟烷基和羧烷基，其具有分别具有1至10个C原子的烷基部分。烷基优选甲基、乙基和/或丙基。羟烷基优选羟甲基、羟乙基和/或羟丙基。纤维素醚的布洛克菲尔德粘度通常为在20℃下对2％水溶液以20rpm测量的100至100 000mPas、优选1000至75 000mPas且特别优选5000至50 000mPas。
特别优选的纤维素醚是甲基纤维素(MC)、乙基纤维素(EC)、甲基羟乙基纤维素(MHEC)、乙基羟乙基纤维素(EHEC)、甲基乙基酮羟乙基纤维素(MEHEC)、羟乙基纤维素(HEC)、羟丙基纤维素(HPC)、甲基羟丙基纤维素(MHPC)、羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC)、羟乙基甲基纤维素(HEMC)和羧甲基纤维素(CMC)。
适合的纤维素醚是可在商业上获得的，实例是来自AkzoNobel NV的BerocollR、来自Wolff Cellulosics GmbH&Co.KG,Methocel的WalocelR或来自Dow Chemical公司的CellosizeR、来自SE Tylose GmbH&Co.KG的TyloseR和来自Ashland公司的CulminalR或NatrosolR。
在一个优选的实施方案中，装入添加剂包的唯一材料是分散粉末。
在另一优选的实施方案中，添加剂包包含基于添加剂的总重量50重量％至95重量％、特别是50重量％至75重量％的一种或多种水分散性聚合物粉末和5重量％至50重量％、特别是25重量％至50重量％的一种或多种其它添加剂、特别是增稠剂。
利用添加剂包，通过将添加剂包添加至可容易获得的原料如水泥、砂和水中，可获得高质量的含水砂浆。特别是对于在小型施工现场上的使用，并且为了简化计量，可使添加剂包以相对较小的份数可用。优选使所述添加剂包以1g至10kg的份数，特别是以1g至1kg的份数，最优选以5g至500g的份数，优选以小袋或袋的形式可用。
含水砂浆组合物可通过在第一步骤中将添加剂包溶解在水中，并且然后混合其它成分(例如无机粘结剂和填料)来生产。添加量取决于含水砂浆组合物待被使用的应用，并且取决于存在于添加剂包中的添加剂混合物。优选通过添加在每种情况下基于无机粘结剂的干重0.1重量％至10重量％、特别是1重量％至5重量％的量的仅包含分散粉末或包含分散粉末与增稠剂的混合物的添加剂包来生产含水砂浆组合物。
可在所有地区获得的优选无机粘结剂是水泥，特别是波特兰水泥和/或铝酸钙水泥；和/或石膏；和/或石灰；和/或壤土；和/或火山灰材料，如火山溶渣或高炉矿渣。
通常可得到的所用的优选填料以举例方式可以是砂和/或白垩和/或氧化铝。
利用添加剂包改性的含水砂浆组合物通常包含5重量份至80重量份的无机粘结剂和20重量份至95重量份的填料，以及达到所述含水砂浆组合物的期望稠度的量的水。每种含水砂浆组合物的精确构成取决于其应用。举例来说，可将含水砂浆组合物配制成瓷砖粘合剂、自流平组合物、修复砂浆、连接砂浆、底灰(skimcoat)、粉末涂料或底漆。
具有水溶性胶囊的添加剂包的特别优点在于，特别是当使用部分水解的乙酸乙烯酯均聚物和共聚物时，所述胶囊的水溶性聚合物显著改善了砂浆组合物的固体组分的分散性，并由此改善了其使用性质。所述胶囊的水溶性聚合物还可作为成膜聚合物增加硬化砂浆组合物的机械强度。作为优选提到的乙酸乙烯酯与乙酸异丙烯酯的部分水解的共聚物具有特别有利的作用，因为与经常用作包装的羧基官能聚合物不同，这些不会延缓水泥的凝固。
以下的实施例用于进一步解释本发明。
测试建筑粘合剂配制物；比较实施例在这里使用了预混合的干砂浆配制物，并且在这里的本发明实施例中，分散粉末在使用之前已被填充在由聚乙烯醇制成的水溶性包装中。
比较实施例1：
由以下组分混合干砂浆：
300.0g水泥(OPC CEM I 42.5，Milke Zement GmbH&CoKG)
687.5g石英砂(F31/F36 1:1石英砂，Quarzwerke GmbH)
2.5g纤维素醚(Tylose MB 3003P4，Shin-Etsu SE)
5.0g甲酸钙(Fluka GmbH)
5.0g Vinnapas 5010N分散粉末(聚乙烯醇稳定的乙酸乙烯酯-乙烯共聚物，Wacker Chemie AG)
通过将干砂浆与265g水混合来生产砂浆。
本发明实施例2：
将具有来自gs–go soluble公司的由冷水溶性聚乙烯醇制成的胶囊(90mm×125mm小袋，厚度35μm，重量0.1g)的添加剂包和其中的来自Wacker Chemie AG公司的VinnapasR5010N分散粉末(4.9g)溶解于265g水中。
然后将所述砂浆的其它组分添加至该水溶液中，并将所述砂浆混合：
300.0g水泥(OPC CEM I 42.5，Milke Zement GmbH&CoKG)
687.5g石英砂(F31/F36 1:1石英砂，Quarzwerke GmbH)
2.5g纤维素醚(Tylose MB 3003 P4，Shin-Etsu SE)
5.0g甲酸钙(Fluka GmbH)
通过基于DIN EN 1348的方法确定比较实施例1和本发明实施例2的粘合剂砂浆的拉伸接合强度值(TBS)。
对于测试，将来自比较实施例1和本发明实施例2的粘合剂砂浆用6mm切口抹刀施加至混凝土铺路板上。然后在每种情况下将5块陶瓷砖(5cm×5cm)置于砂浆床中，并且在每种情况下加载2kg重量达30秒时间。在砂浆已硬化后27天，使用环氧树脂粘合剂将金属张力锚定件附着至瓷砖。
然后将测试样品在标准气候条件(23℃和50％相对湿度)下储存7天，或在标准气候条件下储存14天。
在储存期满后，使用Herion公司的张力设备，以250N/s的载荷增加速率来确定各自的拉伸接合强度值。测量值(N/mm2)表示来自五次测量的平均值(表1)。
表1：
令人惊讶的是，发现当使用本发明的添加剂包来添加分散粉末时，与由常规干砂浆配制物获到的粘合剂砂浆相比，没有造成质量损失。实际上，利用本发明的添加剂包获得稍微更好的接合强度(参见14天储存期后的值)。
很明显，包装材料是砂浆配制物中的功能性组分，并且对砂浆配制物没有不利影响，反而可实际改善砂浆配制物。因此，当工厂生产的干砂浆不可用时，本发明的添加剂包对于生产高规格砂浆是有价值的帮助。与由纸和塑料制成的常规包装材料不同，本发明的添加剂包改善了砂浆的质量，并且因为包装件可溶于作为砂浆配制物的组分的水中，因此消除了包装浪费。
Claims (13)
1.一种添加剂包，其包含水溶性胶囊和水分散性聚合物粉末(分散粉末)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的添加剂包，其中所存在的水溶性胶囊包含冷水溶性的和温水溶性的聚合物膜。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的添加剂包，其中所存在的水溶性胶囊包含部分水解的乙酸乙烯酯均聚物或部分水解的乙酸乙烯酯共聚物，或这些的混合物，所述部分水解的乙酸乙烯酯均聚物或部分水解的乙酸乙烯酯共聚物分别具有70mol％至95mol％的水解度，且分别具有1至50mPas的粘度。
4.根据权利要求3所述的添加剂包，其中所述部分水解的乙酸乙烯酯共聚物是乙酸乙烯酯与1重量％至50重量％的来自以下组中的一种或多种共聚单体的共聚物：烯键式不饱和羧酸和具有C1-至C4-烷基的乙酸1-烷基乙烯酯。
5.根据权利要求4所述的添加剂包，其中所述部分水解的乙酸乙烯酯共聚物是80重量％至95重量％的乙酸乙烯酯、5重量％至20重量％的乙酸异丙烯酯、和0重量％至5重量％的可与其共聚的其它烯键式不饱和单体的共聚物，其中重量％的总数始终为100重量％，所述部分水解的乙酸乙烯酯共聚物分别具有80mol％至90mol％的水解度和5至30mPas的粘度。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的添加剂包，其中所存在的水分散性聚合物粉末是由选自以下组中的一种或多种烯键式不饱和单体的聚合物制成的那些：具有1至12个C原子的无支化或支化羧酸的乙烯基酯、具有1至15个C原子的无支化或支化醇的丙烯酸酯或甲基丙烯酸酯、乙烯基芳族化合物、烯烃、1,3-二烯和氯乙烯。
7.根据权利要求6所述的添加剂包，其中所存在的水分散性聚合物粉末包含来自以下组中的成分：
乙酸乙烯酯和5重量％至50重量％的乙烯的共聚物；
乙酸乙烯酯、1重量％至50重量％的乙烯、和1重量％至50重量％的具有9至12个C原子的α-支化的单羧酸的乙烯基酯的共聚物；
30重量％至75重量％的乙酸乙烯酯、1重量％至30重量％的月桂酸乙烯酯或具有9至12个C碳原子的α-支化的羧酸的乙烯基酯、以及1重量％至30重量％的具有1至15个C原子的无支化或支化醇的(甲基)丙烯酸酯、还包含1重量％至40重量％的乙烯的共聚物；
乙酸乙烯酯、1重量％至25重量％的乙烯、和15重量％至35重量％的氯乙烯的共聚物；
苯乙烯和20重量％至50重量％的1,3-丁二烯的共聚物；
苯乙烯和20重量％至50重量％的丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丙酯、丙烯酸丁酯或丙烯酸2-乙基己酯的共聚物；
其中各聚合物也可包含辅助单体，并且重量％数据的总数始终为100重量％。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的添加剂包，其中除了所述水分散性聚合物粉末之外，还存在来自以下组中的一种或多种其它添加剂：无机粘结剂、填料、增稠剂、缓凝剂、促凝剂、消泡剂和疏水剂。
9.根据权利要求8所述的添加剂包，其中除了所述水分散性聚合物粉末之外，还存在来自以下组中的一种或多种增稠剂：多糖，例如纤维素醚或淀粉醚；页硅酸盐或聚羧酸。
10.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的添加剂包，其包含含有水分散性聚合物粉末的干砂浆混合物。
11.根据权利要求8或9所述的添加剂包，基于所述添加剂的总重量，其包含50重量％至95重量％的水分散性聚合物粉末和5重量％至50重量％的一种或多种其它添加剂。
12.根据权利要求1至11中任一项所述的添加剂包用于与无机粘结剂一起生产含水砂浆的用途。
13.一种含水砂浆组合物，其可借助添加基于无机粘结剂的干重为1重量％至10重量％的量的根据权利要求1至11中任一项所述的添加剂包而获得。
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| US20020035192A1 (en) * | 2000-07-21 | 2002-03-21 | Wacker-Chemie Gmbh | Process for preparing protective-colloid-stabilized polymers by continuous emulsion polymerization |
| US20040097645A1 (en) * | 2002-11-14 | 2004-05-20 | Wacker Polymer Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg | Protective-colloid-stabilized polymers in the form of their aqueous dispersions or of their water-redispersible powders |
| CN1535995A (zh) * | 2003-04-08 | 2004-10-13 | ���ܿ���ϵͳ����˾ | 具有塑性的经聚乙烯醇稳定化的可再分散粉末 |
| CN1966533A (zh) * | 2005-11-17 | 2007-05-23 | 瓦克聚合系统两合公司 | 用于制造聚乙烯醇稳定化的胶乳的方法 |
| CN101068871A (zh) * | 2004-12-01 | 2007-11-07 | 瓦克聚合系统两合公司 | 疏水化添加剂 |
| US20120164424A1 (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2012-06-28 | Richard Vicari | Cold Water Soluble Polyvinyl Alcohol/Alkyl Acrylate Copolymers and Films Thereof |
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| DE29500747U1 (de) | 1995-01-18 | 1995-03-09 | PCI Augsburg GmbH, 86159 Augsburg | Dispersionspulverfliesenkleber |
| DE10113978A1 (de) | 2001-03-01 | 2002-11-14 | Wacker Polymer Systems Gmbh | Trockenmörtel mit verbesserten Verarbeitungseigenschaften |
| DE60217896T2 (de) | 2001-11-14 | 2007-11-15 | Akzo Nobel Coatings International B.V. | Verfahren zur färbung von fugenfüller für geflieste flächen |
| DE10226088A1 (de) | 2002-06-12 | 2004-03-04 | Elotex Ag | Additiv für hydraulisch abbindende Systeme, die hydraulisch abbindenden Mischungen sowie deren Verwendung |
| DE102004013469A1 (de) | 2004-03-18 | 2005-10-06 | Wacker Polymer Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg | Mehrwandiges, sackförmiges Verpackungsmittel |
| DE102006050336A1 (de) | 2006-10-25 | 2008-05-08 | Wacker Polymer Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg | Geminitensid enthaltende Dispersionspulverzusammensetzungen |
| RU2493120C2 (ru) | 2008-04-16 | 2013-09-20 | Акцо Нобель Н.В. | Влияющая на реологию добавка для минеральных строительных материалов |
| WO2011073224A2 (en) | 2009-12-18 | 2011-06-23 | Akzo Nobel Chemicals International B.V. | Process and additive to improve adhesion of building compositions to substrates |
| EP2534111A1 (en) | 2010-02-09 | 2012-12-19 | Akzo Nobel Chemicals International B.V. | Process to hydrophobize cement-free mortars |
| US8366822B2 (en) | 2011-06-20 | 2013-02-05 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Cementitious tile adhesives and method of applying the same to a tile substrate |
| US8802612B2 (en) | 2012-02-09 | 2014-08-12 | Aicello Corporation | Detergent packet |
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2015
- 2015-08-31 US US15/754,397 patent/US10633285B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2015-08-31 CN CN201580082779.9A patent/CN108350245A/zh active Pending
- 2015-08-31 EP EP15902548.5A patent/EP3344698A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2015-08-31 WO PCT/CN2015/088619 patent/WO2017035741A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-08-31 BR BR112018001645A patent/BR112018001645A2/pt active Search and Examination
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| US4961790A (en) * | 1989-05-19 | 1990-10-09 | Fritz Chemical Company | Concrete admixture device and method of using same |
| CN1065575A (zh) * | 1991-04-02 | 1992-10-28 | 罗纳-普朗克农业公司 | 杀虫剂组合物和杀虫剂单元 |
| JPH06345124A (ja) * | 1993-06-07 | 1994-12-20 | Kikusui Kagaku Kogyo Kk | 水可溶性の包装材およびこれを使用した塗料 |
| US20020035192A1 (en) * | 2000-07-21 | 2002-03-21 | Wacker-Chemie Gmbh | Process for preparing protective-colloid-stabilized polymers by continuous emulsion polymerization |
| US20040097645A1 (en) * | 2002-11-14 | 2004-05-20 | Wacker Polymer Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg | Protective-colloid-stabilized polymers in the form of their aqueous dispersions or of their water-redispersible powders |
| CN1535995A (zh) * | 2003-04-08 | 2004-10-13 | ���ܿ���ϵͳ����˾ | 具有塑性的经聚乙烯醇稳定化的可再分散粉末 |
| CN101068871A (zh) * | 2004-12-01 | 2007-11-07 | 瓦克聚合系统两合公司 | 疏水化添加剂 |
| CN1966533A (zh) * | 2005-11-17 | 2007-05-23 | 瓦克聚合系统两合公司 | 用于制造聚乙烯醇稳定化的胶乳的方法 |
| US20120164424A1 (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2012-06-28 | Richard Vicari | Cold Water Soluble Polyvinyl Alcohol/Alkyl Acrylate Copolymers and Films Thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US10633285B2 (en) | 2020-04-28 |
| US20180257987A1 (en) | 2018-09-13 |
| EP3344698A1 (en) | 2018-07-11 |
| EP3344698A4 (en) | 2018-09-19 |
| WO2017035741A1 (en) | 2017-03-09 |
| BR112018001645A2 (pt) | 2018-09-18 |
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