CN108346363B - Experimental device for simulating underground water recharging well and application method thereof - Google Patents
Experimental device for simulating underground water recharging well and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
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- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims 1
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- -1 gravel Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及地下水物理模拟实验技术领域，具体涉及一种模拟地下水回灌井的实验装置及其使用方法。The invention relates to the technical field of groundwater physical simulation experiments, and in particular to an experimental device for simulating groundwater recharge wells and a method of using it.
背景技术Background technique
地下水是我国众多城乡地区的重要供水水源。近几十年来，由于地下水资源过度开发利用，导致地下水资源日益匮乏，造成地下水位持续下降、地面沉降、海(咸)水入侵、土地荒漠化等生态环境问题，维持地下水资源的可持续性，保护和修复地下水系统，已刻不容缓。虽然地下水系统自身具备一定的天然调节能力，但在人类活动的强烈影响下，自我调节能力已日益退化，因此，以人工回灌为主要技术手段的地下水人工调蓄已成为防止地下水资源持续匮乏、维护地下水系统功能的重要举措。Groundwater is an important water supply source for many urban and rural areas in my country. In recent decades, due to over-exploitation and utilization of groundwater resources, groundwater resources have become increasingly scarce, causing ecological and environmental problems such as continued decline in groundwater levels, land subsidence, sea (salt) water intrusion, and land desertification. Maintaining the sustainability of groundwater resources and protecting and repairing groundwater systems are urgent. Although the groundwater system itself has a certain natural regulating ability, under the strong influence of human activities, its self-regulating ability has been increasingly degraded. Therefore, artificial regulation and storage of groundwater with artificial recharge as the main technical means has become an important method to prevent the continued shortage of groundwater resources and Important measures to maintain the functionality of groundwater systems.
采用井回灌是人工补给地下水的重要方式之一。一方面，它是人工补给深层承压水的唯一方式，另一方面，它是直接人工补给潜水的最有效方式之一，当包气带存在弱透水层时，更是如此。此外，在建成区、工业园区等人工建筑密集区实施地下水人工补给时，由于土地资源限制，地表补给方式通常难以实现，回灌井正可发挥作用。Well recharge is one of the important ways to artificially recharge groundwater. On the one hand, it is the only way to artificially recharge deep confined water; on the other hand, it is one of the most effective ways to directly artificially recharge diving water, especially when there is a weak aquitard in the vadose zone. In addition, when implementing artificial recharge of groundwater in areas with dense artificial structures such as built-up areas and industrial parks, surface recharge methods are usually difficult to implement due to land resource constraints, so recharge wells can play a role.
在设置回灌井时，回灌井的井深是一个较为重要的参数，井深太小，达不到回灌效果，井深太大，经济成本相应较高，因此需要选取合适的回灌井井深以达到兼具较好的回灌效果和低成本的要求。室内沙槽物理模拟实验是研究地下水人工回灌技术的常用手段，通过模拟实验测试得到最合适的回灌井井深。在开展沙槽物理模拟实验时，为了模拟不同井深的回灌井，通常需要在模拟沙槽中埋设多个不同深度的井管，在模拟沙槽内占据较大空间，成本较高，同时，受回灌水源水质影响，地下水回灌过程中经常发生滤料层堵塞现象，因此需要对滤料层进行定期更换，费时费力，影响了物理模拟实验的效率和效果。When setting up a recharge well, the depth of the recharge well is a more important parameter. If the well depth is too small, the recharge effect will not be achieved. If the well depth is too large, the economic cost will be correspondingly high. Therefore, it is necessary to select a suitable recharge well depth. Achieve the requirements of both good recharge effect and low cost. Indoor sand tank physical simulation experiments are a common method for studying artificial groundwater recharge technology. The most suitable recharge well depth can be obtained through simulation experiments. When carrying out sand tank physical simulation experiments, in order to simulate recharge wells with different well depths, it is usually necessary to bury multiple well pipes with different depths in the simulated sand tank, which occupies a large space in the simulated sand tank and is costly. At the same time, Affected by the quality of the recharge water source, clogging of the filter material layer often occurs during groundwater recharge. Therefore, the filter material layer needs to be replaced regularly, which is time-consuming and laborious, and affects the efficiency and effect of the physical simulation experiment.
本发明提出了一种模拟地下水回灌井的实验装置及其使用方法，可以实现模拟不同的井深，操作简便，并可对滤料层进行反冲洗，不易发生堵塞，实验成本低，实验效率高。The invention proposes an experimental device for simulating groundwater recharge wells and a method of using it, which can simulate different well depths, is easy to operate, and can backwash the filter material layer, making it less likely to be blocked, with low experimental cost and high experimental efficiency. .
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种模拟地下水回灌井的实验装置及其使用方法，用以解决现有的单一的回灌井模拟装置井深固定，无法进行多种井深测试，实验成本高，实验效率低，且容易发生滤料层堵塞的问题。The object of the present invention is to provide an experimental device for simulating groundwater recharge wells and a method of using it, so as to solve the problem that the existing single recharge well simulation device has a fixed well depth, cannot conduct multiple well depth tests, has high experimental costs and low experimental efficiency. Low, and the problem of filter material layer clogging is prone to occur.
为实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案为：所述实验装置包括固定底座以及竖直安装在固定底座上方的内井管、中间井管和外井管，所述内井管、中间井管和外井管由内到外依次嵌套设置，所述内井管内设置有可上下移动的井底塞，所述内井管和中间井管之间填充有滤料层，所述内井管、中间井管和外井管上均设置有竖向的条形开缝。In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is: the experimental device includes a fixed base and an inner well pipe, a middle well pipe and an outer well pipe installed vertically above the fixed base. The inner well pipe, the middle well pipe and the outer well pipe are The outer well tubes are nested in sequence from the inside to the outside. The inner well tube is provided with a bottom plug that can move up and down. A filter material layer is filled between the inner well tube and the middle well tube. The inner well tube, Both the middle well pipe and the outer well pipe are provided with vertical strip slits.
优选的，所述井底塞周缘套接有橡胶圈。Preferably, a rubber ring is sleeved around the bottom hole plug.
优选的，所述井底塞中间连接有推拉杆。Preferably, a push-pull rod is connected in the middle of the bottom hole plug.
优选的，所述井底塞与推拉杆下端通过螺纹连接。Preferably, the bottom hole plug is threadedly connected to the lower end of the push-pull rod.
优选的，所述内井管、中间井管和外井管的外壁上均包裹有一层滤网。Preferably, the outer walls of the inner well tube, the middle well tube and the outer well tube are each wrapped with a layer of filter screen.
优选的，所述滤网的孔径为0.2mm。Preferably, the pore size of the filter is 0.2mm.
优选的，所述内井管、中间井管和外井管的外径分别为10cm、20cm和30cm，所述内井管、中间井管和外井管的高度均为1m。Preferably, the outer diameters of the inner well pipe, the middle well pipe and the outer well pipe are 10cm, 20cm and 30cm respectively, and the heights of the inner well pipe, the middle well pipe and the outer well pipe are all 1m.
优选的，所述条形开缝的长度为10cm，所述条形开缝的宽度为2mm。Preferably, the length of the strip-shaped slit is 10cm, and the width of the strip-shaped slit is 2mm.
优选的，所述滤料层包括粗砂、碎石子、玻璃珠或陶瓷颗粒。Preferably, the filter material layer includes coarse sand, gravel, glass beads or ceramic particles.
本发明还提出了一种模拟地下水回灌井的实验装置的使用方法，所述使用方法包括：The present invention also proposes a method of using an experimental device that simulates groundwater recharge wells. The method of use includes:
将该实验装置放置于模拟沙槽内的适当位置处，在模拟沙槽内填充介质，并使该实验装置的井管口露出介质表面以上，将井底塞固定在内井管内需要模拟的井深位置处；Place the experimental device at an appropriate position in the simulated sand tank, fill the simulated sand tank with medium, expose the well pipe mouth of the experimental device above the surface of the medium, and fix the bottom plug in the inner well pipe at the well depth that needs to be simulated location;
将回灌水由内井管的管口持续通入，回灌水充满内井管内井底塞以上的空间，并不断由内井管上的条形开缝渗出，经滤料层过滤后依次由中间井管、外井管上的条形开缝流出至模拟沙槽内的介质中，监测单位时间内模拟沙槽内水位高度的变化，测试该井深下的单位时间回灌量；The recharge water is continuously introduced through the nozzle of the inner well pipe. The recharge water fills the space above the bottom plug in the inner well pipe and continuously seeps out from the strip slits on the inner well pipe. After being filtered by the filter material layer, it is filtered by the filter material layer. The strip slits on the middle well pipe and the outer well pipe flow out into the medium in the simulated sand tank, monitor the changes in the water level in the simulated sand tank per unit time, and test the recharge amount per unit time at the depth of the well;
通过拉动推拉杆，上下调节井底塞在内井管中的高度，按照上述方法测试不同井深下的单位时间回灌量；By pulling the push-pull rod, adjust the height of the bottom plug in the inner well pipe up and down, and test the amount of recharge per unit time at different well depths according to the above method;
模拟实验结束后，定期在外井管与中间井管之间的环形空间内注入清水，并同时由内井管向外进行抽水，以实现对内井管与中间井管之间填充的滤料层的反向冲洗，防止滤料层堵塞。After the simulation experiment, clean water is regularly injected into the annular space between the outer well pipe and the middle well pipe, and water is pumped outward from the inner well pipe at the same time to achieve the filter material layer filled between the inner well pipe and the middle well pipe. Backwashing to prevent clogging of the filter material layer.
本发明具有如下优点：The invention has the following advantages:
本发明提出了一种模拟地下水回灌井的实验装置及其使用方法，通过在内井管中设置可以上下移动的井底塞，通过调节井底塞的位置实现内井管井深的调节，内井管内的位于井底塞下方的一段井管被阻挡可以视为无效井管，可模拟不同的回灌井井深，只用一个单独的回灌井模拟装置即可测试出不同井深下的回灌效果，无需设置多个井深的模拟装置即可得到兼具优良回灌效果和低经济成本的最适当的井深值，简单经济，操作方便；同时该实验装置设置了三层相互嵌套的井管，在装填滤料层的外层还设置有一层外井管，可以在外井管与中间井管之间的空间注清水，并由内井管抽水，以此实现对滤料层的反冲洗，可有效防治滤料层堵塞，节约了实验成本，提高了实验效率。The present invention proposes an experimental device for simulating groundwater recharge wells and a method of using the same. By setting a bottom plug that can move up and down in the inner well pipe, the depth of the inner well pipe can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the bottom plug. A section of well pipe located below the well bottom plug in the well pipe that is blocked can be regarded as an invalid well pipe, which can simulate different recharge well depths. Only a single recharge well simulation device can test the recharge at different well depths. Effectively, the most appropriate well depth value with excellent recharge effect and low economic cost can be obtained without setting up multiple well depth simulation devices. It is simple, economical and easy to operate; at the same time, the experimental device is equipped with three layers of well pipes nested with each other. , there is also an outer well pipe on the outer layer of the packed filter material layer, which can inject clean water into the space between the outer well pipe and the middle well pipe, and pump water from the inner well pipe, so as to realize the backwash of the filter material layer. It can effectively prevent clogging of the filter material layer, save experimental costs, and improve experimental efficiency.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1为本发明的一种模拟地下水回灌井的实验装置的结构示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental device for simulating groundwater recharge wells according to the present invention.
图2为本发明的一种模拟地下水回灌井的实验装置的俯视图。Figure 2 is a top view of an experimental device for simulating groundwater recharge wells according to the present invention.
图3为本发明的一种模拟地下水回灌井的实验装置的剖切示意图。Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an experimental device for simulating groundwater recharge wells according to the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下实施例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。The following examples are used to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
实施例1Example 1
如图1所示，本实施例提出的一种模拟地下水回灌井的实验装置，该实验装置包括固定底座1以及竖直安装在固定底座1上方的内井管2、中间井管3和外井管4，内井管2、中间井管3和外井管4由内到外依次嵌套设置，内井管2内设置有可上下移动的井底塞5，井底塞周缘套接有橡胶圈51，井底塞5中间连接有推拉杆6，井底塞5与推拉杆5下端通过螺纹连接。As shown in Figure 1, this embodiment proposes an experimental device for simulating groundwater recharge wells. The experimental device includes a fixed base 1 and an inner well pipe 2, a middle well pipe 3 and an outer well pipe installed vertically above the fixed base 1. The well pipe 4, the inner well pipe 2, the middle well pipe 3 and the outer well pipe 4 are nested in sequence from the inside to the outside. The inner well pipe 2 is provided with a bottom plug 5 that can move up and down. The bottom plug 5 is sleeved on its periphery. The rubber ring 51 and the bottom plug 5 are connected with a push-pull rod 6 in the middle. The bottom plug 5 and the lower end of the push-pull rod 5 are connected through threads.
如图2所示，内井管2和中间井管3之间填充有滤料层7，滤料层7可包括粗砂、碎石子、玻璃珠或陶瓷颗粒，可将回灌水中的一些杂质滤除，如图3所示，内井管2、中间井管3和外井管4上均设置有竖向的条形开缝8。As shown in Figure 2, a filter material layer 7 is filled between the inner well pipe 2 and the middle well pipe 3. The filter material layer 7 can include coarse sand, gravel, glass beads or ceramic particles, which can remove some of the recharged water. Impurities are filtered out. As shown in Figure 3, vertical strip slits 8 are provided on the inner well pipe 2, the middle well pipe 3 and the outer well pipe 4.
如图2所示，内井管2、中间井管3和外井管4的外壁上均包裹有一层滤网9，滤网9的孔径为0.2mm，可防止模拟沙槽内的沙土介质等杂质进入到实验装置内，堵塞滤料层7。As shown in Figure 2, the outer walls of the inner well pipe 2, the middle well pipe 3 and the outer well pipe 4 are all wrapped with a layer of filter screen 9. The aperture of the filter screen 9 is 0.2mm, which can prevent sand and soil media in the simulated sand tank from entering the sand tank. Impurities enter the experimental device and block the filter material layer 7.
内井管2、中间井管3和外井管4的外径分别为10cm、20cm和30cm，内井管2、中间井管3和外井管4的高度均为1m。井底塞5的直径与内井管2的内径相同。条形开缝8的长度为10cm，条形开缝8的宽度为2mm，左右两条条形开缝的间距为5-10mm，上下两条条形开缝的间距为15-20mm。The outer diameters of the inner well pipe 2, the middle well pipe 3 and the outer well pipe 4 are 10cm, 20cm and 30cm respectively, and the heights of the inner well pipe 2, the middle well pipe 3 and the outer well pipe 4 are all 1m. The diameter of the bottom hole plug 5 is the same as the inner diameter of the inner well pipe 2 . The length of the strip slit 8 is 10cm, the width of the strip slit 8 is 2mm, the spacing between the left and right strip slits is 5-10mm, and the spacing between the upper and lower strip slits is 15-20mm.
内井管2、中间井管3和外井管4以及井底塞5的材质均为有机玻璃材质。The inner well pipe 2, the middle well pipe 3, the outer well pipe 4 and the well bottom plug 5 are all made of organic glass.
本实施例的一种模拟地下水回灌井的实验装置的使用方法包括：将该实验装置放置于模拟沙槽内的适当位置处，在模拟沙槽内填充沙土等介质，并使该实验装置的井管口露出介质表面以上，将井底塞5固定在内井管2内需要模拟的井深位置处；将回灌水由内井管2的管口持续通入，回灌水充满内井管2内井底塞5以上的空间，并不断由内井管2上的条形开缝8渗出，经滤料层7过滤后依次由中间井管3、外井管4上的条形开缝8流出至模拟沙槽内的介质中，监测单位时间内模拟沙槽内水位高度的变化，测试该井深下的单位时间回灌量；通过拉动推拉杆6，上下调节井底塞5在内井管2中的高度，按照上述方法测试不同井深下的单位时间回灌量；模拟实验结束后，定期在外井管4与中间井管3之间的环形空间内注入清水，并同时由内井管2向外进行抽水，以实现对内井管2与中间井管3之间填充的滤料层7的反向冲洗，防止滤料层7堵塞。The method of using an experimental device for simulating groundwater recharge wells in this embodiment includes: placing the experimental device at an appropriate position in a simulated sand tank, filling the simulated sand tank with media such as sand, and making the experimental device The well pipe mouth is exposed above the surface of the medium, and the bottom plug 5 is fixed in the inner well pipe 2 at the well depth position that needs to be simulated; the recharge water is continuously passed through the pipe mouth of the inner well pipe 2, and the recharge water fills the inner well pipe 2. The space above the well bottom plug 5 continuously seeps out from the strip slits 8 on the inner well pipe 2. After being filtered by the filter material layer 7, it is sequentially filtered by the strip slits 8 on the middle well pipe 3 and the outer well pipe 4. Flows out into the medium in the simulated sand tank, monitors the changes in the water level in the simulated sand tank per unit time, and tests the recharge amount per unit time at the depth of the well; by pulling the push-pull rod 6, adjust the bottom plug 5 up and down in the inner well pipe 2, test the recharge volume per unit time under different well depths according to the above method; after the simulation experiment is completed, clean water is regularly injected into the annular space between the outer well pipe 4 and the middle well pipe 3, and at the same time, the inner well pipe 2 Pump water outward to achieve reverse flushing of the filter material layer 7 filled between the inner well pipe 2 and the middle well pipe 3 to prevent the filter material layer 7 from clogging.
本发明提出了一种模拟地下水回灌井的实验装置及其使用方法，通过在内井管中设置可以上下移动的井底塞，通过调节井底塞的位置实现内井管井深的调节，内井管内的位于井底塞下方的一段井管被阻挡可以视为无效井管，可模拟不同的回灌井井深，只用一个单独的回灌井模拟装置即可测试出不同井深下的回灌效果，无需设置多个井深的模拟装置即可得到兼具优良回灌效果和低经济成本的最适当的井深值，简单经济，操作方便；同时该实验装置设置了三层相互嵌套的井管，在装填滤料层的外层还设置有一层外井管，可以在外井管与中间井管之间的空间注清水，并由内井管抽水，以此实现对滤料层的反冲洗，可有效防治滤料层堵塞，节约了实验成本，提高了实验效率。The present invention proposes an experimental device for simulating groundwater recharge wells and a method of using the same. By setting a bottom plug that can move up and down in the inner well pipe, the depth of the inner well pipe can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the bottom plug. A section of well pipe located below the well bottom plug in the well pipe that is blocked can be regarded as an invalid well pipe, which can simulate different recharge well depths. Only a single recharge well simulation device can test the recharge at different well depths. Effectively, the most appropriate well depth value with excellent recharge effect and low economic cost can be obtained without setting up multiple well depth simulation devices. It is simple, economical and easy to operate; at the same time, the experimental device is equipped with three layers of well pipes nested with each other. , there is also an outer well pipe on the outer layer of the packed filter material layer, which can inject clean water into the space between the outer well pipe and the middle well pipe, and pump water from the inner well pipe, so as to realize the backwash of the filter material layer. It can effectively prevent clogging of the filter material layer, save experimental costs, and improve experimental efficiency.
虽然，上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施例对本发明作了详尽的描述，但在本发明基础上，可以对之作一些修改或改进，这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此，在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进，均属于本发明要求保护的范围。Although the present invention has been described in detail with general descriptions and specific examples above, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that some modifications or improvements can be made on the basis of the present invention. Therefore, these modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention all fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.
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