CN108345713B - A kind of county domain-small watershed-runoff plots dynamics of soil erosion analysis method - Google Patents
A kind of county domain-small watershed-runoff plots dynamics of soil erosion analysis method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108345713B CN108345713B CN201810023401.7A CN201810023401A CN108345713B CN 108345713 B CN108345713 B CN 108345713B CN 201810023401 A CN201810023401 A CN 201810023401A CN 108345713 B CN108345713 B CN 108345713B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of county domain-small watershed-runoff plots dynamics of soil erosion analysis methods, make county's region soil erosion distribution figure；Corresponding remotely-sensed data is modified respectively with actual measurement small watershed, runoff plots soil erosion modulus；Establish county domain-small watershed, county domain-runoff plots, small watershed-runoff plots soil erosion modulus correction factor table；According to correction factor table, county domain, Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus, soil erosion intensity grade and potential soil erosion danger zone and runoff plots soil erosion modulus, soil erosion intensity grade are obtained by remotely-sensed data；County domain, Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus, soil erosion intensity grade and potential soil erosion danger zone and runoff plots soil erosion modulus, soil erosion intensity grade are obtained by small watershed or runoff plots measured data.The present invention had not only been able to satisfy the demand that large scale digital assay and measured result mutually correct, but also can save human and material resources.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental monitoring technologies, more particularly to according to monitoring point-small watershed-county domain different scale soil erosion
A kind of Dynamic Monitoring of Soil Erosion analysis method that connection between monitoring data proposes.
Background technique
The soil erosion is always global environmental problem, and severe water and soil erosion caused by the soil erosion hinders China's economic hair
Exhibition destroys Chinese soil resource, seriously affects Eco-environmental Issues in China.Announce within 2013 " national water conservancy generaI investigation water and soil guarantor for the first time
Hold situation bulletin " (generaI investigation standard year be 2011) as a result, Chinese soil erosion area is that 294.91 ten thousand Km2(do not contain Hong Kong, Australia
Door special administrative region and Taiwan Province), the 31.12% of Chinese national territorial area is accounted for, but the soil erosion situation of China is severe.It is different
The analysis method of scale is different, contacts between different scale there is presently no a kind of analysis different scale soil erosion and establishing
Analysis method, thus a kind of Status of Soil Erosion of analysis remaining scale of interpretation of result of scale can't be passed through.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: remaining scale soil can not be analyzed by a kind of analysis result of scale in order to solve the prior art
The problem of earth erosion status, the present invention provide a kind of county domain-small watershed-runoff plots dynamics of soil erosion analysis method.
Technical solution: the present invention provides a kind of county domain-small watershed-runoff plots dynamics of soil erosion analysis method, packet
Include following steps:
(1) county domain remotely-sensed data soil erosion distribution figure, analysis county domain soil are made according to county domain topographic map and remote sensing image
Earth erosion modulus；
(2) on the basis of county domain remotely-sensed data soil erosion distribution figure makes, small watershed is intercepted, analysis small watershed soil is invaded
Lose modulus remotely-sensed data；Small watershed water outlet field observation and record runoff carry silt data, analyze original small watershed
Soil erosion modulus measured data；Comparative analysis Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus remotely-sensed data and original Soil Erosion in Small Watershed mould
Number measured data, is modified original Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus measured data, obtains amendment Soil Erosion in Small Watershed mould
Number measured data；Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus remotely-sensed data is repaired by amendment Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus measured data
Just；County's region soil erosion modulus remotely-sensed data is carried out by each amendment Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus measured data that county domain includes
Amendment；Establish county domain-Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus correction factor table；
(3) on the basis of county domain remotely-sensed data soil erosion distribution figure makes, runoff plots are recorded using GPS field observation
Longitude and latitude, analyze runoff plots soil erosion modulus remotely-sensed data；In runoff plots field field observation and record monitoring point
Soil erosion amount data analyze original runoff plots soil erosion modulus measured data；The soil erosion of comparative analysis runoff plots
Modulus remotely-sensed data and original runoff plots soil erosion modulus measured data survey original runoff plots soil erosion modulus
Data are modified, and obtain amendment runoff plots soil erosion modulus measured data；By correcting runoff plots soil erosion modulus
Measured data is modified runoff plots soil erosion modulus remotely-sensed data；The whole amendment runoff plots for including by small watershed
Soil erosion modulus measured data is modified Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus remotely-sensed data；The whole amendments for including by county domain
Runoff plots soil erosion modulus measured data is modified county's region soil erosion modulus remotely-sensed data；Establish county domain-runoff
Cell, small watershed-runoff plots soil erosion modulus correction factor table；
(4) county's region soil erosion modulus remotely-sensed data is corrected by county domain-Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus correction factor table
Afterwards, amendment county's region soil erosion modulus remotely-sensed data is analyzed according to classification of soil erosion grade scale SL190-2007,
And production is made through county domain-modified county domain remotely-sensed data soil erosion distribution of Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus correction factor table
Figure obtains the first soil erosion modulus of county domain and small watershed, the first soil erosion intensity grade and the first potential soil erosion danger
Danger zone domain；County's region soil erosion modulus remotely-sensed data after the amendment of county domain-runoff plots soil erosion modulus correction factor table,
Amendment county's region soil erosion modulus remotely-sensed data is analyzed according to classification of soil erosion grade scale SL190-2007, and is made
It makes through county domain-modified county domain remotely-sensed data soil erosion distribution figure of runoff plots soil erosion modulus correction factor table,
Obtain the second soil erosion modulus of county domain and small watershed, the second soil erosion intensity grade and the second potential soil erosion danger area
Domain obtains the second soil erosion modulus of runoff plots, the second soil erosion intensity grade；By small watershed or runoff plots primitive soil
Earth erosion modulus measured data is corrected by correction factor table, according to classification of soil erosion grade scale SL190-2007 to amendment
Small watershed measured data or runoff plots measured data are analyzed, and obtain county domain, small watershed third soil erosion modulus, third
Soil erosion intensity grade and the potential soil erosion danger zone of third, obtain runoff plots third soil erosion modulus, third
Soil erosion intensity grade.
Further, in step (2), county domain-Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus is modified using following methods and
Establish correction factor table:
(21) statistics Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus remotely-sensed data and original Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus measured data it
Between difference and make the scatter plot of original Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus measured data and difference, pass through scatter plot and determine recurrence side
Journey model is carried out curve fitting using MATLAB software and carries out error analysis to regression equation model, determines optimum regression side
Journey model corrects original Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus measured data using regression equation, obtains amendment Soil Erosion in Small Watershed
Modulus measured data；
(22) according to classification of soil erosion grade scale SL190-2007 by Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus remotely-sensed data with
Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus measured data is corrected according to graded index-soil erosion modulus, divides mired, slight, moderate, strong
Six groups of data such as strong, extremely strong strong and violent, count six groups of amendment Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus measured datas and small watershed respectively
The quotient of soil erosion modulus remotely-sensed data does average value processing to six groups of quotients respectively；The average value of six groups of quotients is counted, and
The statistical form that Soil Erosion in Small Watershed is classified corresponding quotient average value is made, gained statistical form is Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus
Correction factor table, it is Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus amendment system that gained Soil Erosion in Small Watershed, which is classified corresponding quotient average value,
Number；
(23) each Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus correction factor table is counted and closes one soil erosion modulus correction factor of system
Table, as county domain-Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus correction factor table, small watershed soil erosion modulus correction factor is county in table
Domain-Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus correction factor；Each Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus is corrected into remote sensing number using Arcgis software
Each Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus remotely-sensed data is replaced according to assignment, production is through county domain-Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus amendment system
The number modified county domain remotely-sensed data soil erosion distribution figure of table；
Further, in step (3), county domain-runoff plots, small watershed-runoff plots soil are invaded using following methods
Erosion modulus is modified and establishes correction factor table: (31) count runoff plots soil erosion modulus remotely-sensed data and original diameter
Difference and original runoff plots soil erosion modulus measured data and poor is made between stream cell soil erosion modulus measured data
The scatter plot of value is determined regression equation model by scatter plot, is carried out curve fitting using MATLAB software and to regression equation
Model carries out error analysis, determines optimum regression equation model, corrects original runoff plots soil erosion mould using regression equation
Number measured data obtains amendment runoff plots soil erosion modulus measured data；
(32) according to classification of soil erosion grade scale SL190-2007 by runoff plots soil erosion modulus remotely-sensed data
With amendment runoff plots soil erosion modulus measured data according to graded index-soil erosion modulus, divide mired, it is slight, in
Degree, it is strong, extremely strong strong and acutely etc. six groups of data, count respectively six groups of amendment runoff plots soil erosion modulus measured datas with
The quotient of runoff plots soil erosion modulus remotely-sensed data does average value processing to six groups of quotients respectively, counts six groups of quotients
Average value, and the statistical form that the runoff plots soil erosion is classified corresponding quotient average value is made, gained statistical form is that runoff is small
Area's soil erosion modulus correction factor table, it is runoff plots soil that the soil erosion of gained runoff plots, which is classified corresponding quotient average value,
Earth erosion modulus correction factor；
(33) the soil erosion modulus correction factor table statistics of small watershed where runoff plots is closed into one soil erosion of system
Modulus correction factor table, as small watershed-runoff plots soil erosion modulus correction factor table, soil erosion modulus amendment in table
Coefficient is small watershed-runoff plots soil erosion modulus correction factor；
(34) the soil erosion modulus correction factor table statistics in county domain where runoff plots is closed into one soil erosion mould of system
Count correction factor table, as county domain-runoff plots soil erosion modulus correction factor table, soil erosion modulus correction factor in table
As county domain-runoff plots soil erosion modulus correction factor；The runoff plots soil erosion is corrected using Arcgis software development
Modulus remotely-sensed data distribution map figure layer is repaired DEM figure layer and soil erosion modulus using map overlay module in Arcgis software
Distribution map figure layer after just is overlapped, and carries out the production of Kriging space interpolation using space analysis module in Arcgis software
Through county domain-modified county domain remotely-sensed data soil erosion distribution figure of runoff plots soil erosion modulus correction factor table.
Further, the production method of step (1) county region soil erosion distribution figure are as follows:
(11) county domain topographic map and remote sensing image are provided, DEM figure layer is made according to county domain topographic map, according to DEM figure layer system
Make rainfall erosivity special project figure, soil erodable power special project figure and gradient slope length factor special project figure；
(12) remote sensing image is pre-processed, present landuse map layer system is carried out to pretreated remote sensing image
Make, and extract production vegetation index NDVI figure layer, makes vegetative coverage factor special project figure and the water and soil conservation factor
Special project figure；
(13) by rainfall erosivity special project figure, soil erodable power special project figure, gradient slope length factor special project figure, vegetative coverage
Factor special project figure and water and soil conservation factor special project figure unified coordinate system, by USLE equation and by each factor special project figure figure layer operation
Superposition makes soil erosion distribution figure, analyzes county's region soil erosion modulus.
Further, the small watershed is the smallest natural product water unit, utilizes Polygon in Arcgis software
Subset module intercepts small watershed analyzes Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus.
Further, in the step (11) production DEM figure layer method are as follows: using R2V software to county domain topographic map into
Row vector digitizing defines geographical coordinate to vector quantization number figure layer using Arcgis software, utilizes 3D in Arcgis software
Analyst module making DEM figure layer.
Further, in step (11), the production method of rainfall erosivity special project figure are as follows: utilize Arcgis software development gas
As website distribution map figure layer, and each meteorological site meteorological measuring of assignment；It will using map overlay module in Arcgis software
DEM figure layer and meteorological site distribution map figure layer are overlapped；It is empty that Kriging is carried out using space analysis module in Arcgis software
Interpolation carries out space interpolation and the production of rainfall erosivity special project figure；
The production method of soil erodable power special project figure are as follows: it is acquired by the data collection of soil profile sampling point and data,
And the landform to each soil profile sampling point, the gradient, height above sea level, vegetation, soil information environmental condition carry out coordinate setting, utilize
Arcgis software development soil type slope surface sampling point distribution map, or directly obtained by Nanjing Soil Inst., Chinese Academy of Sciences
Take soil type slope surface sampling point distribution map；Using map overlay module in Arcgis software by DEM figure layer and different soils
Class type profile sampling point distribution map figure layer is overlapped；The space Kriging is carried out using space analysis module in Arcgis software to insert
Value production soil erodable power special project figure；
The production method of gradient slope length factor special project figure are as follows: DEM figure layer is carried out to fill out depression reason；Using in Arcgis software
Hollow treated that DEM figure layer carries out water (flow) direction and confluence to filling out by Hydrology module and submodule Flow Accumulator
Cumulative amount processing extracts length of grade to water (flow) direction and confluence cumulative amount treated figure layer and makes length of grade figure；Utilize Arcgis
Raster Calculator module superposition processing slope map and length of grade figure in software carry out the production of gradient slope length factor special project figure.
Further, it includes: using in Erads Imagine software that remote sensing image, which carries out pretreatment, in the step (12)
Image Geometric module to remote sensing image carry out geometric correction, utilize Define Projection in Arcgis software
Module carries out projective transformation to remote sensing image, carries out image spelling to remote sensing image using Extraction module in Arcgis software
It connects.
Further, in step (12), the production method of vegetative coverage factor special project figure are as follows: utilize Erads Imagine
Supervised Classification module in software carries out the production of present landuse map layer to remote sensing image；It utilizes
Spatial analyst module extracts production vegetation index NDVI figure layer in Arcgis software；Referred to using vegetation
The mode that several mathematical relationships with the vegetative coverage factor carry out assignment to NDVI figure layer makes vegetative coverage factor special project figure；
By data collection, referring to United States Department of Agriculture's the factor of soil and water conservation measures table and Chinese water-and-soil conservation measures factor values
Research Literature achievement summarizes each land use pattern the factor of soil and water conservation measures for arranging and being applicable in monitoring section present status of land utilization
Value, and make the factor of soil and water conservation measures value table；Utilize the Supervised in Erads Imagine software
Classification module carries out the production of present landuse map layer to remote sensing image；Compare the factor of soil and water conservation measures value table
Numerical value in lattice carries out assignment to different land use type, carries out the production of water and soil conservation factor special project figure.
The utility model has the advantages that a kind of county domain-small watershed-runoff plots dynamics of soil erosion analysis method provided by the invention,
Compare the prior art, establishes between different soils erosion monitoring scale and contacts, has both been able to satisfy large scale digital assay and reality
The demand that result mutually corrects is surveyed, and human and material resources can be saved.
1. this method respectively monitors scale according to mature monitoring method, but is different from conventional monitoring methods, with the soil erosion
Modulus is index, establishes county domain-small watershed-runoff plots soil erosion modulus correction factor table, can pass through scale
Remaining scale Status of Soil Erosion is directly analyzed after analysis result combination correction factor table amendment.Eliminate many human and material resources
Resource, operability, practicability, data reliability are strong, avoid repeated labor, have preferable reference and practical value.
2. this method mainly includes county region soil Erosion analysis part, basin soil erosion analysis part, runoff plots soil
Earth eroded section.Basis is that each dimensional analysis result has been subjected to the acquisition of many years data, and data time series are long, data volume
Greatly, it does not need to repeat to survey when analysis, acquire data and carry out the repeated construction in actual measurement area.Purpose is with soil erosion mould
Number is index, establishes county domain-small watershed-runoff plots soil erosion modulus correction factor table, passes through the analysis of a scale
As a result remaining scale Status of Soil Erosion is directly analyzed after combining the amendment of correction factor table.Therefore this monitoring method foothold is
Establish county domain-small watershed-runoff plots soil erosion modulus correction factor table, it is only necessary to which dynamic is carried out more to correction factor table
Newly, so that it may analyze the soil erosion modulus of different scale as needed, this is for grasping the different administrative divisions such as province, city, county
Or there is great and profound significance for nationwide Dynamic Monitoring of Soil Erosion status.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is soil erosion distribution figure production flow diagram.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and specific examples.
As shown in Figure 1, county domain-small watershed-runoff plots dynamics of soil erosion analysis method, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: making county domain remotely-sensed data soil erosion distribution figure according to county domain topographic map and remote sensing image, county is analyzed
Region soil erosion modulus.The production method of county domain remotely-sensed data soil erosion distribution figure are as follows:
(11) county domain topographic map and remote sensing image are provided, vector digitizing, benefit are carried out to county domain topographic map using R2V software
Geographical coordinate is defined to vector quantization number figure layer with Arcgis software, using 3D Analyst module in Arcgis software according to county
Domain topographic map makes DEM figure layer；
According to DEM figure layer, first with Arcgis software development meteorological site distribution map figure layer, and each meteorological site gas of assignment
As observing data；DEM figure layer and meteorological site distribution map figure layer are overlapped using map overlay module in Arcgis software；
Kriging space interpolation, which is carried out, using space analysis module in Arcgis software carries out space interpolation and rainfall erosivity (R) specially
Term diagram production；
It is acquired by the data collection of soil profile sampling point and data, and to the landform of each soil profile sampling point, the gradient, sea
It pulls out, vegetation, the progress coordinate setting of soil information environmental condition, utilizes Arcgis software development soil type slope surface sampling point point
Butut, or soil type slope surface sampling point distribution map is directly acquired by Nanjing Soil Inst., Chinese Academy of Sciences；It utilizes
DEM figure layer and soil type section sampling point distribution map figure layer are overlapped by map overlay module in Arcgis software；Benefit
The special figure of Kriging space interpolation production soil erodable power (K) is carried out with space analysis module in Arcgis software；
DEM figure layer is carried out to fill out depression reason；Utilize Hydrology module in Arcgis software and submodule Flow
Accumulator to fill out it is hollow treated that DEM figure layer carries out water (flow) direction and confluence cumulative amount processing, to water (flow) direction and confluence
Cumulative amount treated figure layer extracts length of grade and makes length of grade figure；Utilize Raster Calculator module in Arcgis software
Superposition processing slope map and length of grade figure carry out gradient slope length factor (SL) special figure production.
(12) remote sensing image is pre-processed, pretreatment includes: to utilize the Image in Erads Imagine software
Geometric module carries out geometric correction to remote sensing image, using Define Projection module in Arcgis software to distant
Feel image to carry out projective transformation, carry out image joint to remote sensing image using Extraction module in Arcgis software；To pre-
Treated, and remote sensing image carries out the production of present landuse map layer, and extracts production vegetation index NDVI figure
Layer, the special figure of the production vegetative coverage factor (C) and the special figure of the water and soil conservation factor (P)；
The wherein production method of vegetative coverage factor special project figure are as follows: using in Erads Imagine software
Supervised Classification module carries out the production of present landuse map layer to remote sensing image；It is soft using Arcgis
Spatial analyst module extracts production vegetation index NDVI figure layer in part；Utilize vegetation index and vegetation
The mode that the mathematical relationship of blanketing fctor carries out assignment to NDVI figure layer makes vegetative coverage factor special project figure；
The production method of water and soil conservation factor special project figure are as follows: by data collection, arranged referring to United States Department of Agriculture's water and soil conservation
Factor table and Chinese water-and-soil conservation measures factor values Research Literature achievement are applied, summarizes and arranges applicable monitoring section present status of land utilization
Each land use pattern the factor of soil and water conservation measures value, and make the factor of soil and water conservation measures value table；Utilize Erads
Supervised Classification module in Imagine software carries out present landuse map layer system to remote sensing image
Make；The numerical value in the factor of soil and water conservation measures value table is compareed, assignment is carried out to different land use type, carries out water and soil conservation
The production of factor special project figure.
(13) by rainfall erosivity special project figure, soil erodable power special project figure, gradient slope length factor special project figure, vegetative coverage
Factor special project figure and water and soil conservation factor special project figure unified coordinate system, by USLE equation and by each factor special project figure figure layer operation
Superposition makes soil erosion distribution figure, analyzes county's region soil erosion modulus.
Step 2: intercepting small watershed, analysis small watershed soil on the basis of the production of county domain remotely-sensed data soil erosion distribution figure
Earth erosion modulus remotely-sensed data, the small watershed are the smallest natural product water unit, utilize Polygon in Arcgis software
Subset module intercepts small watershed analyzes Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus；Small watershed water outlet field observation and record diameter
Stream carries silt data, analyzes original Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus measured data；Comparative analysis Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus
Remotely-sensed data and original Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus measured data carry out original Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus measured data
Amendment obtains amendment Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus measured data；By amendment Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus measured data to small
Basin soil erosion modulus remotely-sensed data is modified；Each amendment Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus measured data for including by county domain
County's region soil erosion modulus remotely-sensed data is modified；Establish county domain-Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus correction factor table；
Remotely-sensed data is because of the corresponding error of the appearance such as satellite sensor, remote sensing image processing method, and measured data is because of data
Acquisition instrument, data collector acquisition and record data generate corresponding error, when correcting remotely-sensed data with measured data not
Remotely-sensed data simply can be replaced with measured data；Specifically county domain-Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus is carried out using following methods
Correct and establish correction factor table:
(21) statistics Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus remotely-sensed data and original Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus measured data it
Between difference and make the scatter plot of original Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus measured data and difference, pass through scatter plot and determine recurrence side
Journey model is carried out curve fitting using MATLAB software and carries out error analysis to regression equation model, determines optimum regression side
Journey model corrects original Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus measured data using regression equation, obtains amendment Soil Erosion in Small Watershed
Modulus measured data；
(22) according to classification of soil erosion grade scale SL190-2007 by Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus remotely-sensed data with
Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus measured data is corrected according to graded index-soil erosion modulus, divides mired, slight, moderate, strong
Strong, extremely strong strong and violent stroke of six groups of data, count six groups of amendment Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus measured datas and small watershed respectively
The quotient of soil erosion modulus remotely-sensed data does average value processing to six groups of quotients respectively；The average value of six groups of quotients is counted, and
The statistical form that Soil Erosion in Small Watershed is classified corresponding quotient average value is made, gained statistical form is Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus
Correction factor table, it is Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus amendment system that gained Soil Erosion in Small Watershed, which is classified corresponding quotient average value,
Number；
(23) each Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus correction factor table is counted and closes one soil erosion modulus correction factor of system
Table, as county domain-Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus correction factor table, small watershed soil erosion modulus correction factor is county in table
Domain-Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus correction factor；Each Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus is corrected into remote sensing number using Arcgis software
Each Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus remotely-sensed data is replaced according to assignment, production is through county domain-Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus amendment system
The number modified county domain remotely-sensed data soil erosion distribution figure of table.
Step 3: recording runoff using GPS field observation on the basis of the production of county domain remotely-sensed data soil erosion distribution figure
The longitude and latitude of cell analyzes runoff plots soil erosion modulus remotely-sensed data；In runoff plots field field observation and record prison
Measuring point soil erosion amount data analyze original runoff plots soil erosion modulus measured data；Comparative analysis runoff plots soil
Erosion modulus remotely-sensed data and original runoff plots soil erosion modulus measured data, to original runoff plots soil erosion modulus
Measured data is modified, and obtains amendment runoff plots soil erosion modulus measured data；By correcting the runoff plots soil erosion
Modulus measured data is modified runoff plots soil erosion modulus remotely-sensed data；The whole amendment runoffs for including by small watershed
Cell soil erosion modulus measured data is modified Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus remotely-sensed data；The whole for including by county domain
Amendment runoff plots soil erosion modulus measured data is modified county's region soil erosion modulus remotely-sensed data；Establish county domain-
Runoff plots, small watershed-runoff plots soil erosion modulus correction factor table；
Wherein, county domain-runoff plots, small watershed-runoff plots soil erosion modulus are modified using following methods
And establish correction factor table:
(31) statistics runoff plots soil erosion modulus remotely-sensed data and original runoff plots soil erosion modulus survey number
Difference and the scatter plot of original runoff plots soil erosion modulus measured data and difference is made between, passes through scatter plot and determine
Regression equation model is carried out curve fitting using MATLAB software and carries out error analysis to regression equation model, is determined best
Regression equation model corrects original runoff plots soil erosion modulus measured data using regression equation, and it is small to obtain amendment runoff
Area's soil erosion modulus measured data；
(32) according to classification of soil erosion grade scale SL190-2007 by runoff plots soil erosion modulus remotely-sensed data
With amendment runoff plots soil erosion modulus measured data according to graded index-soil erosion modulus, divide mired, it is slight, in
Degree, it is strong, extremely strong strong and acutely draw six groups of data, count respectively six groups of amendment runoff plots soil erosion modulus measured datas with
The quotient of runoff plots soil erosion modulus remotely-sensed data does average value processing to six groups of quotients respectively, counts six groups of quotients
Average value, and the statistical form that the runoff plots soil erosion is classified corresponding quotient average value is made, gained statistical form is that runoff is small
Area's soil erosion modulus correction factor table, it is runoff plots soil that the soil erosion of gained runoff plots, which is classified corresponding quotient average value,
Earth erosion modulus correction factor；
(33) the soil erosion modulus correction factor table statistics of small watershed where runoff plots is closed into one soil erosion of system
Modulus correction factor table, as small watershed-runoff plots soil erosion modulus correction factor table, soil erosion modulus amendment in table
Coefficient is small watershed-runoff plots soil erosion modulus correction factor；
(34) the soil erosion modulus correction factor table statistics in county domain where runoff plots is closed into one soil erosion mould of system
Count correction factor table, as county domain-runoff plots soil erosion modulus correction factor table, soil erosion modulus correction factor in table
As county domain-runoff plots soil erosion modulus correction factor；The runoff plots soil erosion is corrected using Arcgis software development
Modulus remotely-sensed data distribution map figure layer is repaired DEM figure layer and soil erosion modulus using map overlay module in Arcgis software
Distribution map figure layer after just is overlapped, and carries out the production of Kriging space interpolation using space analysis module in Arcgis software
Production is through county domain-modified county domain remotely-sensed data soil erosion distribution figure of runoff plots soil erosion modulus correction factor table.
Step 4: county's region soil erosion modulus remotely-sensed data is by county domain-Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus correction factor table
After amendment, amendment county's region soil erosion modulus remotely-sensed data is divided according to classification of soil erosion grade scale SL190-2007
Analysis, and production is made through county domain-modified county domain remotely-sensed data soil erosion of Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus correction factor table point
Butut obtains the first soil erosion modulus of county domain and small watershed, the first soil erosion intensity grade and the first potential soil erosion
Danger zone；County's region soil erosion modulus remotely-sensed data is corrected by county domain-runoff plots soil erosion modulus correction factor table
Afterwards, amendment county's region soil erosion modulus remotely-sensed data is analyzed according to classification of soil erosion grade scale SL190-2007,
And production is made through county domain-modified county domain remotely-sensed data soil erosion distribution of runoff plots soil erosion modulus correction factor table
Figure obtains the second soil erosion modulus of county domain and small watershed, the second soil erosion intensity grade and the second potential soil erosion danger
Danger zone domain obtains the second soil erosion modulus of runoff plots, the second soil erosion intensity grade；It is former by small watershed or runoff plots
Beginning soil erosion modulus measured data is corrected by correction factor table, according to SL190-2007 pairs of classification of soil erosion grade scale
Amendment small watershed measured data or runoff plots measured data analyzed, obtain county domain, small watershed third soil erosion modulus,
The Status of Soil Erosion such as third soil erosion intensity grade and the potential soil erosion danger zone of third, obtain runoff plots third
The Status of Soil Erosion such as soil erosion modulus, third soil erosion intensity grade.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of county domain-small watershed-runoff plots dynamics of soil erosion analysis method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) remotely-sensed data soil erosion distribution figure in county domain is made according to county domain topographic map and remote sensing image, analysis county's region soil is invaded
Lose modulus；
(2) on the basis of county domain remotely-sensed data soil erosion distribution figure makes, small watershed is intercepted, analyzes Soil Erosion in Small Watershed mould
Number remotely-sensed data；Small watershed water outlet field observation and record runoff carry silt data, analyze original small watershed soil
Erosion modulus measured data；Comparative analysis Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus remotely-sensed data and original Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus are real
Measured data is modified original Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus measured data, and it is real to obtain amendment Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus
Measured data；Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus remotely-sensed data is modified by amendment Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus measured data；
Each amendment Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus measured data for including by county domain repairs county's region soil erosion modulus remotely-sensed data
Just；Establish county domain-Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus correction factor table；
(3) on the basis of county domain remotely-sensed data soil erosion distribution figure makes, the warp of GPS field observation record runoff plots is utilized
Latitude analyzes runoff plots soil erosion modulus remotely-sensed data；In runoff plots field field observation and record monitoring point soil
Erosion amount data analyze original runoff plots soil erosion modulus measured data；Comparative analysis runoff plots soil erosion modulus
Remotely-sensed data and original runoff plots soil erosion modulus measured data, to original runoff plots soil erosion modulus measured data
It is modified, obtains amendment runoff plots soil erosion modulus measured data；By amendment runoff plots soil erosion modulus actual measurement
Data are modified runoff plots soil erosion modulus remotely-sensed data；The whole amendment runoff plots soil for including by small watershed
Erosion modulus measured data is modified Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus remotely-sensed data；The whole amendment runoffs for including by county domain
Cell soil erosion modulus measured data is modified county's region soil erosion modulus remotely-sensed data；Establish county domain-runoff plots,
Small watershed-runoff plots soil erosion modulus correction factor table；
(4) county's region soil erosion modulus remotely-sensed data is after the amendment of county domain-Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus correction factor table, according to
Amendment county's region soil erosion modulus remotely-sensed data is analyzed according to classification of soil erosion grade scale SL190-2007, and is made
Production is obtained through the modified county domain remotely-sensed data soil erosion distribution figure of county domain-Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus correction factor table
The first soil erosion modulus of county domain and small watershed, the first soil erosion intensity grade and the first potential soil erosion danger zone；
County's region soil erosion modulus remotely-sensed data is after county domain-runoff plots soil erosion modulus correction factor table amendment, according to soil
Earth erosion classification grade scale SL190-2007 analyzes amendment county's region soil erosion modulus remotely-sensed data, and makes production
Through county domain-modified county domain remotely-sensed data soil erosion distribution figure of runoff plots soil erosion modulus correction factor table, county is obtained
The second soil erosion modulus of domain and small watershed, the second soil erosion intensity grade and the second potential soil erosion danger zone, obtain
The second soil erosion modulus of runoff plots, the second soil erosion intensity grade out；It is invaded by small watershed or runoff plots initial soil
It loses modulus measured data to correct by correction factor table, according to classification of soil erosion grade scale SL190-2007 to the small stream of amendment
Domain measured data or runoff plots measured data are analyzed, and obtain county domain, small watershed third soil erosion modulus, third soil
Erosion intensity grade and the potential soil erosion danger zone of third, obtain runoff plots third soil erosion modulus, third soil
Erosion intensity grade.
2. county domain-small watershed-runoff plots dynamics of soil erosion analysis method according to claim 1, feature exist
In being modified and establish correction factor table to county domain-Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus using following methods in step (2):
(21) count poor between Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus remotely-sensed data and original Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus measured data
It is worth and makes the scatter plot of original Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus measured data and difference, regression equation mould is determined by scatter plot
Type is carried out curve fitting using MATLAB software and carries out error analysis to regression equation model, determines optimum regression equation mould
Type corrects original Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus measured data using regression equation, obtains amendment Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus
Measured data；
(22) it by Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus remotely-sensed data and is corrected according to classification of soil erosion grade scale SL190-2007
Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus measured data according to graded index-soil erosion modulus, divide mired, slight, moderate, it is strong,
Extremely strong strong and violent stroke of six groups of data, count six groups of amendment Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus measured datas and small watershed soil respectively
The quotient of erosion modulus remotely-sensed data does average value processing to six groups of quotients respectively；The average value of six groups of quotients is counted, and is made
Soil Erosion in Small Watershed is classified the statistical form of corresponding quotient average value, and gained statistical form is the amendment of Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus
Coefficient table, it is Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus correction factor that gained Soil Erosion in Small Watershed, which is classified corresponding quotient average value,；
(23) each Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus correction factor table is counted and closes one soil erosion modulus correction factor table of system, i.e.,
For county domain-Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus correction factor table, small watershed soil erosion modulus correction factor is that county domain-is small in table
Basin soil erosion modulus correction factor；Each Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus is corrected into remotely-sensed data assignment using Arcgis software
Each Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus remotely-sensed data is replaced, production is repaired through county domain-Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus correction factor table
Positive county domain remotely-sensed data soil erosion distribution figure.
3. county domain-small watershed-runoff plots dynamics of soil erosion analysis method according to claim 2, feature exist
In being modified using following methods to county domain-runoff plots, small watershed-runoff plots soil erosion modulus in step (3)
And establish correction factor table:
(31) statistics runoff plots soil erosion modulus remotely-sensed data and original runoff plots soil erosion modulus measured data it
Between difference and make the scatter plot of original runoff plots soil erosion modulus measured data and difference, pass through scatter plot and determine and return
Equation model is carried out curve fitting using MATLAB software and carries out error analysis to regression equation model, determines optimum regression
Equation model corrects original runoff plots soil erosion modulus measured data using regression equation, obtains amendment runoff plots soil
Earth erosion modulus measured data；
(32) according to classification of soil erosion grade scale SL190-2007 by runoff plots soil erosion modulus remotely-sensed data with repair
Positive runoff plots soil erosion modulus measured data divides mired, slight, moderate, strong according to graded index-soil erosion modulus
Strong, extremely strong strong and violent stroke of six groups of data, count six groups of amendment runoff plots soil erosion modulus measured datas and runoff respectively
The quotient of cell soil erosion modulus remotely-sensed data does average value processing to six groups of quotients respectively, counts being averaged for six groups of quotients
Value, and the statistical form that the runoff plots soil erosion is classified corresponding quotient average value is made, gained statistical form is runoff plots soil
Earth erosion modulus correction factor table, it is that runoff plots soil is invaded that the soil erosion of gained runoff plots, which is classified corresponding quotient average value,
Lose modulus correction factor；
(33) the soil erosion modulus correction factor table statistics of small watershed where runoff plots is closed into one soil erosion modulus of system
Correction factor table, as small watershed-runoff plots soil erosion modulus correction factor table, soil erosion modulus correction factor in table
As small watershed-runoff plots soil erosion modulus correction factor；
(34) the soil erosion modulus correction factor table statistics in county domain where runoff plots one soil erosion modulus of system is closed to repair
Positive coefficient table, as county domain-runoff plots soil erosion modulus correction factor table, soil erosion modulus correction factor is in table
County domain-runoff plots soil erosion modulus correction factor；Runoff plots soil erosion modulus is corrected using Arcgis software development
Remotely-sensed data distribution map figure layer, will be after DEM figure layer and soil erosion modulus amendment using map overlay module in Arcgis software
Distribution map figure layer be overlapped, using in Arcgis software space analysis module carry out the production of Kriging space interpolation through county
Domain-modified county domain remotely-sensed data soil erosion distribution the figure of runoff plots soil erosion modulus correction factor table.
4. county domain-small watershed-runoff plots dynamics of soil erosion analysis method according to claim 1, feature exist
In the production method of step (1) county region soil erosion distribution figure are as follows:
(11) county domain topographic map and remote sensing image are provided, DEM figure layer is made according to county domain topographic map, is made and is dropped according to DEM figure layer
Rain agent of erosion special project figure, soil erodable power special project figure and gradient slope length factor special project figure；
(12) remote sensing image is pre-processed, the production of present landuse map layer is carried out to pretreated remote sensing image, and
Production vegetation index NDVI figure layer is extracted, vegetative coverage factor special project figure is made and the water and soil conservation factor is special
Figure；
(13) by rainfall erosivity special project figure, soil erodable power special project figure, gradient slope length factor special project figure, the vegetative coverage factor
Special project figure and water and soil conservation factor special project figure unified coordinate system, are folded by USLE equation and by each factor special project figure figure layer operation
Add, make soil erosion distribution figure, analyzes county's region soil erosion modulus.
5. county domain-small watershed-runoff plots dynamics of soil erosion analysis method according to claim 1, feature exist
In the small watershed is the smallest natural product water unit, utilizes the small stream of Polygon Subset module intercepts in Arcgis software
Soil Erosion in Small Watershed modulus is analyzed in domain.
6. county domain-small watershed-runoff plots dynamics of soil erosion analysis method according to claim 4, feature exist
In the method for production DEM figure layer in the step (11) are as follows: carry out vector digitizing, benefit to county domain topographic map using R2V software
Geographical coordinate is defined to vector quantization number figure layer with Arcgis software, utilizes 3D Analyst module making in Arcgis software
DEM figure layer.
7. county domain-small watershed-runoff plots dynamics of soil erosion analysis method according to claim 6, feature exist
In, in step (11), the production method of rainfall erosivity special project figure are as follows: utilize Arcgis software development meteorological site distribution map figure
Layer, and each meteorological site meteorological measuring of assignment；Using map overlay module in Arcgis software by DEM figure layer and weather station
Point distribution map figure layer is overlapped；Kriging space interpolation, which is carried out, using space analysis module in Arcgis software carries out space
Interpolation and the production of rainfall erosivity special project figure；
The production method of soil erodable power special project figure are as follows: acquired by the data collection of soil profile sampling point and data, and right
Landform, the gradient, height above sea level, vegetation, the soil information environmental condition of each soil profile sampling point carry out coordinate setting, soft using Arcgis
Part makes soil type slope surface sampling point distribution map, or directly acquires different soil by Nanjing Soil Inst., Chinese Academy of Sciences
Earth type slope surface sampling point distribution map；Using map overlay module in Arcgis software by DEM figure layer and soil type section
Sampling point distribution map figure layer is overlapped；Kriging space interpolation, which is carried out, using space analysis module in Arcgis software makes soil
Earth erodable power special project figure；
The production method of gradient slope length factor special project figure are as follows: DEM figure layer is carried out to fill out depression reason；Using in Arcgis software
Hollow treated that DEM figure layer carries out water (flow) direction and confluence to filling out by Hydrology module and submodule Flow Accumulator
Cumulative amount processing extracts length of grade to water (flow) direction and confluence cumulative amount treated figure layer and makes length of grade figure；Utilize Arcgis
Raster Calculator module superposition processing slope map and length of grade figure in software carry out the production of gradient slope length factor special project figure.
8. county domain-small watershed-runoff plots dynamics of soil erosion analysis method according to claim 4, feature exist
In it includes: to utilize the Image in Erads Imagine software that remote sensing image, which carries out pretreatment, in the step (12)
Geometric module carries out geometric correction to remote sensing image, using Define Projection module in Arcgis software to distant
Feel image to carry out projective transformation, carry out image joint to remote sensing image using Extraction module in Arcgis software.
9. county domain-small watershed-runoff plots dynamics of soil erosion analysis method according to claim 8, feature exist
In, in step (12), the production method of vegetative coverage factor special project figure are as follows: using in Erads Imagine software
Supervised Classification module carries out the production of present landuse map layer to remote sensing image；It is soft using Arcgis
Spatial analyst module extracts production vegetation index NDVI figure layer in part；Utilize vegetation index and vegetation
The mode that the mathematical relationship of blanketing fctor carries out assignment to NDVI figure layer makes vegetative coverage factor special project figure；
By data collection, referring to United States Department of Agriculture's the factor of soil and water conservation measures table and Chinese water-and-soil conservation measures factor values research
Document achievement summarizes each land use pattern the factor of soil and water conservation measures value for arranging and being applicable in monitoring section present status of land utilization, and
Make the factor of soil and water conservation measures value table；Utilize the Supervised Classification in Erads Imagine software
Module carries out the production of present landuse map layer to remote sensing image；The numerical value in the factor of soil and water conservation measures value table is compareed, it is right
Different land use type carries out assignment, carries out the production of water and soil conservation factor special project figure.
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| CN103268424A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-08-28 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 | Method for monitoring earth surface drinking water source water gathering area ecology |
| CN103942408A (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2014-07-23 | 西北农林科技大学 | Annual erosion sediment yield model calculation method of mesoscale drainage basin of loess plateau |
| CN103940974A (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2014-07-23 | 西北农林科技大学 | Spatio-temporal dynamic analysis method of soil erosion in meso-scale watershed based on GIS |
| CN104699962A (en) * | 2015-02-14 | 2015-06-10 | 广东省生态环境与土壤研究所 | Soil erosion modulus calculating method |
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| CN103268424A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-08-28 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 | Method for monitoring earth surface drinking water source water gathering area ecology |
| CN103942408A (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2014-07-23 | 西北农林科技大学 | Annual erosion sediment yield model calculation method of mesoscale drainage basin of loess plateau |
| CN103940974A (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2014-07-23 | 西北农林科技大学 | Spatio-temporal dynamic analysis method of soil erosion in meso-scale watershed based on GIS |
| CN104699962A (en) * | 2015-02-14 | 2015-06-10 | 广东省生态环境与土壤研究所 | Soil erosion modulus calculating method |
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