CN112801838B - Urban wetland ecological unit division method and device and storage medium thereof - Google Patents
Urban wetland ecological unit division method and device and storage medium thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method, a device and a storage medium for dividing ecological units of urban wetlands, wherein the method comprises the following steps: obtaining DEM data of cities to be divided, and importing the DEM data into an ArcGIS platform for hydrologic analysis to obtain basin of a river basin; performing small-drainage-basin simulation analysis on the drainage basin to obtain a plurality of water-collecting small drainage basins, wherein each small drainage basin is used as a first wetland ecological unit; acquiring vegetation data and soil data of cities to be divided, and introducing the vegetation data and the soil data into an ArcGIS platform for integration to obtain vegetation soil units; correcting the boundary of the first wetland ecological unit according to the vegetation soil unit to obtain a second wetland ecological unit; and obtaining land type map spots of the cities to be divided, correcting the boundaries of the second wetland ecological units according to the land type map spots to obtain third wetland ecological units, and taking the third wetland ecological units as final wetland ecological units of the cities to be divided. The method ensures that the division of the wetland units is more accurate and the ecological attribute of the wetland can be reflected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of urban water space planning, in particular to a method and a device for dividing urban wetland ecological units and a storage medium thereof.
Background
According to the latest territory space planning conduction system, the ecological unit is defined aiming at the urban wetland, and the planning content of the sheet area is implemented and decomposed and is used as the basis for the next detailed planning.
In the prior art, a region with a certain distance is generally defined outwards according to the natural boundary edge of the wetland, and is used as the boundary of an ecological unit of the wetland, so that the range of the actual influence wetland is lack of research, the ecological substrate attribute of the urban wetland is ignored, the influence of the element layout of the surrounding area on the wetland is ignored, the existing wetland is not accurately divided, and the guiding significance is lacked.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a method and a device for dividing ecological units of urban wetland and a storage medium thereof, and by correcting the wetland units divided according to ecological drainage basins by utilizing vegetation, soil and land type map spots, the division of the wetland units is more accurate, the ecological attributes of the wetland can be reflected, the ecological safety is reflected, and the method and the device are favorable for guiding the next urban planning.
In order to achieve the above object, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a method for dividing ecological units of urban wetlands, comprising the steps of:
obtaining DEM data of cities to be divided, and importing the DEM data into an ArcGIS platform for hydrologic analysis to obtain basin of a river basin;
performing small-drainage-basin simulation analysis on the drainage basin to obtain a plurality of small drainage basins, wherein each small drainage basin is used as a first wetland ecological unit;
acquiring vegetation data and soil data of the cities to be divided, and importing the vegetation data and the soil data into the ArcGIS platform for integration to obtain vegetation soil units;
correcting the boundary of the first wetland ecological unit according to the vegetation soil unit to obtain a second wetland ecological unit;
and acquiring land type pattern spots of the cities to be divided, correcting the boundaries of the second wetland ecological units according to the land type pattern spots to obtain third wetland ecological units, and taking the third wetland ecological units as final wetland ecological units of the cities to be divided.
Preferably, the obtaining DEM data of the cities to be divided, and importing the DEM data into the ArcGIS platform for hydrologic analysis to obtain the basin of the river basin specifically includes:
DEM data of cities to be divided are acquired, guided into an ArcGIS platform, and the hydrological analysis toolbox of the ArcGIS platform is utilized to carry out filling, flow direction, flow quantity and grid river network vectorization so as to simulate a water system;
grading the water system by using a Strahler hydrological model to define a main water system with important hydrologic functions;
and analyzing the main water system by using a Basin analysis tool to obtain the Basin.
Preferably, the small-drainage-basin simulation analysis is performed to obtain a plurality of small drainage basins, which specifically includes:
searching all drainage basin water outlets of the drainage basin by using a Snap Point tool;
the Watershed tool is used to search the upstream grid through the water outlet of each basin to form a plurality of small water-collecting basins.
Preferably, the acquiring vegetation data and soil data of the cities to be divided, and importing the vegetation data and the soil data into the arcGIS platform for integration to obtain vegetation soil units specifically includes:
acquiring vegetation NPP data of the city to be divided in a plurality of preset years, importing the vegetation NPP data into the ArcGIS platform, superposing the vegetation NPP data in a plurality of years by adopting an Intersect tool, and carrying out average calculation to obtain an NPP layer with vegetation average level;
acquiring a soil type texture nutrient layer of the city to be divided, importing the soil type texture nutrient layer into the ArcGIS platform, superposing the NPP layer and the soil type texture nutrient layer by adopting an Intersect tool, and dividing the superposed layers according to a preset division rule to obtain a plurality of vegetation soil units.
Preferably, the correcting the boundary of the first wetland ecological unit according to the vegetation soil unit specifically includes:
comparing the vegetation soil unit with the first wetland ecological units, and combining the first wetland ecological units into one wetland ecological unit if the first wetland ecological units pass through the same vegetation soil unit;
if only one of the first wetland ecological units passes through one of the vegetation soil units, the boundaries of the first wetland ecological units need not be changed.
Preferably, the correcting the boundary of the second wetland ecological unit according to the land type map spots specifically includes:
comparing the land pattern spots with the second wetland ecological units, and combining the second wetland ecological units into one wetland ecological unit if the second wetland ecological units pass through the same land pattern spot;
if only one of the second wetland ecounits passes through one of the land pattern spots, the boundaries of the second wetland ecounits do not need to be changed.
The second embodiment of the invention provides an urban wetland ecological unit dividing device, which comprises:
the hydrologic analysis module is used for acquiring DEM data of cities to be divided, and importing the DEM data into the ArcGIS platform for hydrologic analysis to obtain a basin of the river basin;
the watershed analysis module is used for carrying out small watershed simulation analysis on the watershed basin to obtain a plurality of small water-collecting watersheds, and each small watershed is used as a first wetland ecological unit;
the vegetation soil integration module is used for acquiring vegetation data and soil data of the cities to be divided, and importing the vegetation data and the soil data into the ArcGIS platform for integration to obtain vegetation soil units;
the first correction module is used for correcting the boundary of the first wetland ecological unit according to the vegetation soil unit to obtain a second wetland ecological unit;
the second correction module is used for obtaining land type pattern spots of the cities to be divided, correcting the boundaries of the second wetland ecological units according to the land type pattern spots to obtain third wetland ecological units, and taking the third wetland ecological units as final wetland ecological units of the cities to be divided.
A third embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus using the urban wetland ecosystem division method, comprising a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, the processor implementing the urban wetland ecosystem division method according to any one of the above when executing the computer program.
A fourth embodiment of the present invention provides a computer readable storage medium, where the computer readable storage medium includes a stored computer program, where when the computer program runs, a device where the computer readable storage medium is controlled to execute the urban wetland ecological unit dividing method according to any one of the above.
Compared with the prior art, the urban wetland ecological unit dividing method, device and storage medium provided by the embodiment of the invention have the advantages that firstly, the boundaries of the wetland ecological units are generated based on small-river basin analysis, and then, the boundaries of the wetland ecological units are identified and corrected according to vegetation and soil, so that the corrected wetland ecological units can truly reflect the ecological attributes of the wetland, and ecological protection is facilitated; and secondly, the invention also uses the three-tone map spots to correct the control range, thereby enhancing the accuracy, the effectiveness and the pertinence of defining the control range while ensuring the connectivity of the landscape, improving the control efficiency, and having important significance for protecting the ecological safety of urban wetlands and promoting the harmonious development of social economy and ecological environment.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for dividing ecological units of urban wetlands according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a simplified flow chart of a method for dividing ecological units of urban wetlands according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an ecological unit dividing apparatus for urban wetlands according to an embodiment of the present invention
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of an apparatus using an urban wetland ecological unit division method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a flow chart of a method for dividing ecological units of urban wetland according to the embodiment of the invention is shown, and the method includes steps S1 to S5:
s1, obtaining DEM data of cities to be divided, and importing the DEM data into an ArcGIS platform for hydrologic analysis to obtain basin of a river basin;
s2, performing small-drainage-basin simulation analysis on the drainage basin to obtain a plurality of water-collecting small drainage basins, wherein each small drainage basin is used as a first wetland ecological unit;
s3, acquiring vegetation data and soil data of the cities to be divided, and importing the vegetation data and the soil data into the ArcGIS platform for integration to obtain vegetation soil units;
s4, correcting the boundary of the first wetland ecological unit according to the vegetation soil unit to obtain a second wetland ecological unit;
s5, obtaining land type map spots of the cities to be divided, correcting the boundaries of the second wetland ecological units according to the land type map spots to obtain third wetland ecological units, and taking the third wetland ecological units as final wetland ecological units of the cities to be divided.
In order to more intuitively understand the implementation process of the present invention, another embodiment of the present invention further provides a simplified flow diagram of an urban wetland ecological unit dividing method, and in particular, refer to fig. 2.
It should be noted that, along with the birth and development of ecological hydrology describing ecological patterns and ecological process hydrologic mechanisms, the scale of the ecological hydrologic process is definitely large scale, medium scale and small scale. Large scale refers to basin (basin), including 3 scale levels of large basin, basin and sub-basin; mesoscale refers to small watershed (watershed), comprising 2 scale levels of small watershed and sub-small watershed; the small scale refers to a water collecting area (catchment) which comprises 2 scale layers of water collecting areas and water collecting units. Unlike the natural ecological hydrologic process, the formation of urban water space is not only limited by the hydrologic process and ecological process, but also influenced by the social organization process. In the social organization process of urban space, roads divide urban space into blocks, the blocks are combined into communities through neighborhood relations, and communities are combined into urban planning areas through administrative management. In the city, the three large-level scales of a small river basin, a secondary small river basin and a water collecting region in the natural river basin are corresponding, the scale of the neighborhood is equivalent to that of the water collecting region, the scale of the community is equivalent to that of the secondary small river basin, and the scale of the city planning region is equivalent to that of the small river basin. The invention uses the small river basin as the main scale to divide the boundary of the urban wetland.
In addition, the ecological characteristics are basic characteristics of urban wetlands, and the aspects of hydrologic conditions, vegetation environments, soil development (three elements of the wetland) and the like are different from other urban ecological systems. Thus, the identification based on ecological background is a fundamental step of the ecological unit boundary of urban wetlands. Among these, topography and the hydrologic characteristics that it forms are decisive factors, and vegetation environment and soil development are secondary factors. Therefore, the technical flow of the invention is as follows: dividing the small watershed according to the terrain and hydrologic characteristics, and correcting the boundary by combining vegetation coverage and soil type.
Specifically, DEM (Digital Elevation Model ) data of cities to be divided are acquired, and are imported into an ArcGIS platform for hydrologic analysis to obtain basin areas. The DEM data can be acquired through a geospatial data cloud, punctiform elevation data of cities to be divided can also be acquired, and then the punctiform elevation data is imported into an ArcGIS platform to be converted into the DEM data. The method mainly comprises the steps of identifying basin areas, wherein the basin areas are wide, large-area construction land is involved, supervision is easy to waste, and therefore simulation analysis of a small basin is needed.
And carrying out small-drainage-basin simulation analysis on the drainage basin to obtain a plurality of water-collecting small drainage basins, and taking each small drainage basin as a first wetland ecological unit. According to the actual range of the wetland, selecting a small basin which is supposed to be included in the related runoff in the wetland ecological unit as the range of the surface water collecting area of the urban wetland to form the water boundary of the first wetland unit of the city.
And acquiring vegetation data and soil data of the cities to be divided, and introducing the vegetation data and the soil data into an ArcGIS platform for integration to obtain vegetation soil units. Preferably, the vegetation data are NPP data, and the net primary productivity data product can be inverted by using various satellite remote sensing data of the geographic national condition monitoring cloud platform and loaded into the ArcGIS platform as the vegetation data. The soil data can be loaded and imported into the ArcGIS platform by using the soil type and texture nutrient data of the geographic national condition monitoring cloud platform as the soil data.
And correcting the boundary of the first wetland ecological unit according to the vegetation soil unit to obtain a second wetland ecological unit. NPP is the total amount of accumulated dry matter of wetland green vegetation in unit time and unit area, determines the capability of the vegetation to provide available substances and energy for other heterotrophs in the ecological system, and is an important parameter for evaluating the functions of the wetland ecological system. Because of the huge biomass of the wetland, the NPP of the wetland is far greater than that of other urban units, and the wetland has remarkable distinguishing capability. Soil type is the product of the ecological system process, and is an important sign for distinguishing urban wetlands from other units because the surface of the wetland is in an overwet or ponding state throughout the year, has an obvious submerged process and is often developed into water-borne or semi-water-borne soil. Therefore, the correction of the wetland boundary by combining vegetation and soil is more fit to the actual ecological influence range of the wetland.
The above steps are to determine the boundaries of the wetland according to the ecological characteristics of the wetland, but the wetland of the city has typical city construction influence characteristics due to the special geographic position of the wetland, so that the management scope correction is required to be carried out by combining the management boundaries in the city. In detail, a land type map spot of the city to be divided is obtained, the boundary of the second wetland ecological unit is corrected according to the land type map spot, a third wetland ecological unit is obtained, and the third wetland ecological unit is used as a final wetland ecological unit of the city to be divided.
According to the urban wetland ecological unit dividing method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the wetland units divided according to the ecological drainage basins are corrected by utilizing vegetation, soil and land type map spots, so that the wetland units are divided more accurately, the ecological attributes of the wetland can be reflected more, the ecological safety is reflected more, and the method is favorable for guiding the urban planning of the next step.
As an improvement of the scheme, the method for obtaining the DEM data of the cities to be divided, and importing the DEM data into an ArcGIS platform for hydrologic analysis to obtain the basin of the river basin comprises the following steps:
DEM data of cities to be divided are acquired, guided into an ArcGIS platform, and the hydrological analysis toolbox of the ArcGIS platform is utilized to carry out filling, flow direction, flow quantity and grid river network vectorization so as to simulate a water system;
classifying the water system by using a Strahler hydrological model, and determining a main water system with important hydrologic functions;
and analyzing the main water system by using a Basin analysis tool to obtain the Basin.
Specifically, DEM data of cities to be divided are acquired, the DEM data are imported into an ArcGIS platform, and a Hydro hydrologic analysis tool box of a Spatial analysis tool in the ArcGIS platform is utilized to fill in, flow direction, flow rate and grid river network vectorization so as to simulate a water system. The DEM data includes the current surface runoff range of the city to be divided.
Classifying the water system by using a Strahler hydrological model to define a main water system with important hydrologic functions;
and (5) carrying out preliminary analysis on the main water system by using a Basin analysis tool to obtain the Basin of the river Basin.
As an improvement of the scheme, the small-drainage-basin simulation analysis is performed on the drainage basin to obtain a plurality of small drainage basins, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
searching all drainage basin water outlets of the drainage basin by using a Snap Point tool;
the Watershed tool is used to search the upstream grid through the water outlet of each basin to form a plurality of small water-collecting basins.
Specifically, the basin is further subdivided by means of the concept of urban small basins, and all basin water outlets of the basin are found by using a Snap Point tool. Preferably, the position of a small-level watershed water outlet is searched, an important water outlet related to the urban wetland is manually selected as correction according to a nearby principle, and a water outlet map layer is newly built.
The Watershed tool is used to search the upstream grid through the water outlet of each basin to form a plurality of small water-collecting basins. It is worth reminding that the upstream grids flowing through the water outlets of the same drainage basin form the same small drainage basin for collecting water, so that the economic rationality of selection can be improved.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the obtaining vegetation data and soil data of the cities to be divided, and importing the vegetation data and soil data into the ArcGIS platform for integration to obtain a vegetation soil unit specifically includes:
acquiring vegetation NPP data of the city to be divided in a plurality of preset years, importing the vegetation NPP data into the ArcGIS platform, superposing the vegetation NPP data in a plurality of years by adopting an Intersect tool, and carrying out average calculation to obtain an NPP layer with vegetation average level;
acquiring a soil type texture nutrient layer of the city to be divided, importing the soil type texture nutrient layer into the ArcGIS platform, superposing the NPP layer and the soil type texture nutrient layer by adopting an Intersect tool, and dividing the superposed layers according to a preset division rule to obtain a plurality of vegetation soil units.
Specifically, acquiring vegetation NPP data of cities to be divided in a plurality of preset years, importing the vegetation NPP data into an ArcGIS platform, superposing the vegetation NPP data in the plurality of years by adopting an Intersect tool to obtain a comprehensive NPP layer, carrying out average calculation on NPP fields to obtain average levels of vegetation in the plurality of years, thus obtaining an NPP layer of the average level of vegetation, and carrying out grading display;
after the NPP layer with the average vegetation level is obtained, the soil type texture nutrient layer of the city to be divided is obtained, the NPP layer and the soil type texture nutrient layer are superposed by adopting an Intersect tool, and then the superposed layer is divided according to a preset division rule, so that a plurality of vegetation soil units are obtained. In general, vegetation and soil of the NPP layer overlap with soil of the soil-type texture nutrient layer at the same position, and the vegetation and soil where the overlap exists are divided into one vegetation soil unit. The vegetation soil unit refers to a grid unit containing vegetation and soil.
As an improvement of the above solution, the modifying the boundary of the first wetland ecological unit according to the vegetation soil unit specifically includes:
comparing the vegetation soil unit with the first wetland ecological units, and combining the first wetland ecological units into one wetland ecological unit if the first wetland ecological units pass through the same vegetation soil unit;
if only one of the first wetland ecological units passes through one of the vegetation soil units, the boundaries of the first wetland ecological units need not be changed.
Specifically, comparing the vegetation soil unit with the first wetland ecological units, and combining the first wetland ecological units into one wetland ecological unit if the first wetland ecological units pass through the same vegetation soil unit;
if only one first wetland ecounit passes through one vegetation soil unit, the boundaries of the first wetland ecounits do not need to be changed.
That is, the ecological boundary of the second wetland ecological unit in the city is formed by performing boundary correction according to the principle that the boundary of the first wetland ecological unit does not cross the same vegetation soil unit.
As an improvement of the above solution, the correcting the boundary of the second wetland ecological unit according to the plot of land type specifically includes:
comparing the land pattern spots with the second wetland ecological units, and combining the second wetland ecological units into one wetland ecological unit if the second wetland ecological units pass through the same land pattern spot;
if only one of the second wetland ecounits passes through one of the land pattern spots, the boundaries of the second wetland ecounits do not need to be changed.
Specifically, comparing the land pattern spots with the second wetland ecological units, and if a plurality of the second wetland ecological units pass through the same land pattern spot, combining the plurality of the second wetland ecological units into one wetland ecological unit;
if only one second wetland ecounit passes through one land type pattern spot, the boundaries of the second wetland ecounits do not need to be changed.
And similarly, carrying out boundary correction according to the principle that the boundary of the second wetland ecological unit does not cross the same pattern spot, so as to obtain the final urban wetland ecological unit boundary. At present, the land utilization current situation map spots of the third national soil investigation (called three-tone for short) are the most realistic reflection of the city construction current situation, and the management unit of the city is basically matched with the three-tone map spot boundaries. Therefore, the boundary of the wetland ecological unit needs to be corrected according to the three-tone map spots so as to avoid that the division of the wetland is not in line with the land utilization state.
Referring to fig. 3, a schematic structural diagram of an ecological unit dividing device for urban wetland according to the embodiment of the invention is shown, where the device includes:
the hydrologic analysis module 11 is used for acquiring DEM data of cities to be divided, and importing the DEM data into an ArcGIS platform for hydrologic analysis to obtain a basin of a river basin;
the drainage basin analysis module 12 is used for performing small drainage basin simulation analysis on the drainage basin to obtain a plurality of small drainage basins with each small drainage basin serving as a first wetland ecological unit;
the vegetation soil integration module 13 is used for acquiring vegetation data and soil data of the cities to be divided, and importing the vegetation data and the soil data into the ArcGIS platform for integration to obtain vegetation soil units;
a first correcting module 14, configured to correct the boundary of the first wetland ecological unit according to the vegetation soil unit, so as to obtain a second wetland ecological unit;
the second correction module 15 is configured to obtain a land type map spot of the city to be divided, correct a boundary of the second wetland ecological unit according to the land type map spot, obtain a third wetland ecological unit, and use the third wetland ecological unit as a final wetland ecological unit of the city to be divided.
The device for dividing the ecological unit of the urban wetland provided by the embodiment of the invention can realize all the processes of the method for dividing the ecological unit of the urban wetland in any embodiment, and the functions and the realized technical effects of each module and each unit in the device are respectively the same as those of the method for dividing the ecological unit of the urban wetland in the embodiment, and are not repeated here.
Referring to fig. 4, there is provided a schematic diagram of an apparatus for using a method for dividing urban wetland ecological units according to the embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus for using a method for dividing urban wetland ecological units includes a processor 10, a memory 20, and a computer program stored in the memory 20 and configured to be executed by the processor 10, wherein the method for dividing urban wetland ecological units according to any one of the embodiments is implemented when the processor 10 executes the computer program.
By way of example, a computer program may be partitioned into one or more modules/units that are stored in the memory 20 and executed by the processor 10 to perform the present invention. One or more of the modules/units may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing a specific function for describing the execution of the computer program in a method for dividing urban wetland ecological units. For example, the computer program may be divided into a hydrologic analysis module, a watershed analysis module, a vegetation soil integration module, a first correction module and a second correction module, each module functioning specifically as follows:
the hydrologic analysis module 11 is used for acquiring DEM data of cities to be divided, and importing the DEM data into an ArcGIS platform for hydrologic analysis to obtain a basin of a river basin;
the drainage basin analysis module 12 is used for performing small drainage basin simulation analysis on the drainage basin to obtain a plurality of small drainage basins with each small drainage basin serving as a first wetland ecological unit;
the vegetation soil integration module 13 is used for acquiring vegetation data and soil data of the cities to be divided, and importing the vegetation data and the soil data into the ArcGIS platform for integration to obtain vegetation soil units;
a first correcting module 14, configured to correct the boundary of the first wetland ecological unit according to the vegetation soil unit, so as to obtain a second wetland ecological unit;
the second correction module 15 is configured to obtain a land type map spot of the city to be divided, correct a boundary of the second wetland ecological unit according to the land type map spot, obtain a third wetland ecological unit, and use the third wetland ecological unit as a final wetland ecological unit of the city to be divided.
The device using the urban wetland ecological unit division method can be a desktop computer, a notebook computer, a palm computer, a cloud server and other computing equipment. The device using the urban wetland ecological unit division method can comprise, but is not limited to, a processor and a memory. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the schematic diagram 4 is merely an example of an apparatus using the urban wetland ecological unit dividing method, and does not constitute a limitation of the apparatus using the urban wetland ecological unit dividing method, and may include more or less components than those illustrated, or combine certain components, or different components, for example, the apparatus using the urban wetland ecological unit dividing method may further include an input and output device, a mesh access device, a bus, and the like.
The processor 10 may be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), but may also be other general purpose processors, digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), application specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), off-the-shelf programmable gate arrays (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, or the like. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor 10 may also be any conventional processor or the like, and the processor 10 is a control center of the apparatus using the urban wetland ecological unit dividing method, and connects various parts of the entire apparatus using the urban wetland ecological unit dividing method using various interfaces and lines.
The memory 20 may be used to store the computer programs and/or modules, and the processor 10 implements various functions of the apparatus using the urban wetland ecosystem division method by running or executing the computer programs and/or modules stored in the memory 20 and calling data stored in the memory 20. The memory 20 may mainly include a storage program area that may store an operating system, application programs required for at least one function (such as a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.), and a storage data area; the storage data area may store data (such as audio data, phonebook, etc.) created according to the use of the handset, etc. In addition, the memory 20 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include nonvolatile memory, such as a hard disk, memory, plug-in hard disk, smart Media Card (SMC), secure Digital (SD) Card, flash Card (Flash Card), at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid state storage device.
Wherein the module integrated with the apparatus using the urban wetland ecosystem division method may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a separate product. Based on such understanding, the present invention may implement all or part of the flow of the method of the above embodiment, or may be implemented by a computer program to instruct related hardware, where the computer program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of each method embodiment may be implemented. The computer program comprises computer program code, and the computer program code can be in a source code form, an object code form, an executable file or some intermediate form and the like. The computer readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code, a recording medium, a U disk, a removable hard disk, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer Memory, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), an electrical carrier signal, a telecommunications signal, a software distribution medium, and so forth. It should be noted that the content of the computer readable medium can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the requirements of the jurisdiction's jurisdiction and the patent practice, for example, in some jurisdictions, the computer readable medium does not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunication signals according to the jurisdiction and the patent practice.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a computer readable storage medium, which comprises a stored computer program, wherein when the computer program runs, equipment where the computer readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute the urban wetland ecological unit dividing method according to any embodiment.
In summary, according to the urban wetland ecological unit dividing method, device and storage medium provided by the embodiment of the invention, the boundaries of the wetland ecological units are generated based on small-river-basin analysis, and then the boundaries of the wetland ecological units are identified and corrected according to vegetation and soil, so that the corrected wetland ecological units can truly reflect the ecological attributes of the wetland, and ecological protection is facilitated; and secondly, the invention also uses the three-tone map spots to correct the control range, thereby enhancing the accuracy, the effectiveness and the pertinence of defining the control range while ensuring the connectivity of the landscape, improving the control efficiency, and having important significance for protecting the ecological safety of urban wetlands and promoting the harmonious development of social economy and ecological environment.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes and modifications may be made without departing from the principles of the invention, such changes and modifications are also intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The urban wetland ecological unit dividing method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
obtaining DEM data of cities to be divided, and importing the DEM data into an ArcGIS platform for hydrologic analysis to obtain basin of a river basin; the DEM data comprise the current surface runoff range of the city to be divided;
performing small-drainage-basin simulation analysis on the drainage basin to obtain a plurality of small drainage basins, wherein each small drainage basin is used as a first wetland ecological unit;
acquiring vegetation data and soil data of the cities to be divided, and importing the vegetation data and the soil data into the ArcGIS platform for integration to obtain vegetation soil units;
correcting the boundary of the first wetland ecological unit according to the vegetation soil unit to obtain a second wetland ecological unit;
the land type pattern spots of the cities to be divided are obtained, the boundaries of the second wetland ecological units are corrected according to the land type pattern spots, a third wetland ecological unit is obtained, and the third wetland ecological unit is used as a final wetland ecological unit of the cities to be divided;
the method for obtaining the DEM data of the cities to be divided comprises the steps of:
DEM data of cities to be divided are acquired, guided into an ArcGIS platform, and the hydrological analysis toolbox of the ArcGIS platform is utilized to carry out filling, flow direction, flow quantity and grid river network vectorization so as to simulate a water system;
grading the water system by using a Strahler hydrological model to define a main water system with important hydrologic functions;
analyzing the main water system by using a Basin analysis tool to obtain a Basin of the river Basin;
the obtaining of vegetation data and soil data of the cities to be divided, the importing of the ArcGIS platform for integration, and the obtaining of vegetation soil units specifically comprises:
acquiring vegetation NPP data of the city to be divided in a plurality of preset years, importing the vegetation NPP data into the ArcGIS platform, superposing the vegetation NPP data in a plurality of years by adopting an Intersect tool, and carrying out average calculation to obtain an NPP layer with vegetation average level;
acquiring a soil type texture nutrient layer of the city to be divided, importing the soil type texture nutrient layer into the ArcGIS platform, superposing the NPP layer and the soil type texture nutrient layer by adopting an Intersect tool, and dividing the superposed layers according to a preset division rule to obtain a plurality of vegetation soil units;
the correcting the boundary of the first wetland ecological unit according to the vegetation soil unit specifically comprises the following steps:
comparing the vegetation soil unit with the first wetland ecological units, and combining the first wetland ecological units into one wetland ecological unit if the first wetland ecological units pass through the same vegetation soil unit;
if only one first wetland ecological unit passes through one vegetation soil unit, the boundary of the first wetland ecological unit does not need to be changed;
the correcting the boundary of the second wetland ecological unit according to the land type map spots specifically comprises the following steps:
comparing the land pattern spots with the second wetland ecological units, and combining the second wetland ecological units into one wetland ecological unit if the second wetland ecological units pass through the same land pattern spot;
if only one of the second wetland ecounits passes through one of the land pattern spots, the boundaries of the second wetland ecounits do not need to be changed.
2. The method for dividing ecological units of urban wetlands according to claim 1, wherein the small-basin simulation analysis is performed on the basin of the river basin to obtain a plurality of small water-collecting basins, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
searching all drainage basin water outlets of the drainage basin by using a Snap Point tool;
the Watershed tool is used to search the upstream grid through the water outlet of each basin to form a plurality of small water-collecting basins.
3. An urban wetland ecological unit dividing device, characterized by comprising:
the hydrologic analysis module is used for acquiring DEM data of cities to be divided, and importing the DEM data into the ArcGIS platform for hydrologic analysis to obtain a basin of the river basin; the DEM data comprise the current surface runoff range of the city to be divided;
the watershed analysis module is used for carrying out small watershed simulation analysis on the watershed basin to obtain a plurality of small water-collecting watersheds, and each small watershed is used as a first wetland ecological unit;
the vegetation soil integration module is used for acquiring vegetation data and soil data of the cities to be divided, and importing the vegetation data and the soil data into the ArcGIS platform for integration to obtain vegetation soil units;
the first correction module is used for correcting the boundary of the first wetland ecological unit according to the vegetation soil unit to obtain a second wetland ecological unit;
the second correction module is used for obtaining land type pattern spots of the cities to be divided, correcting the boundaries of the second wetland ecological units according to the land type pattern spots to obtain third wetland ecological units, and taking the third wetland ecological units as final wetland ecological units of the cities to be divided;
the method for obtaining the DEM data of the cities to be divided comprises the steps of:
DEM data of cities to be divided are acquired, guided into an ArcGIS platform, and the hydrological analysis toolbox of the ArcGIS platform is utilized to carry out filling, flow direction, flow quantity and grid river network vectorization so as to simulate a water system;
grading the water system by using a Strahler hydrological model to define a main water system with important hydrologic functions;
analyzing the main water system by using a Basin analysis tool to obtain a Basin of the river Basin;
the obtaining of vegetation data and soil data of the cities to be divided, the importing of the ArcGIS platform for integration, and the obtaining of vegetation soil units specifically comprises:
acquiring vegetation NPP data of the city to be divided in a plurality of preset years, importing the vegetation NPP data into the ArcGIS platform, superposing the vegetation NPP data in a plurality of years by adopting an Intersect tool, and carrying out average calculation to obtain an NPP layer with vegetation average level;
acquiring a soil type texture nutrient layer of the city to be divided, importing the soil type texture nutrient layer into the ArcGIS platform, superposing the NPP layer and the soil type texture nutrient layer by adopting an Intersect tool, and dividing the superposed layers according to a preset division rule to obtain a plurality of vegetation soil units;
the correcting the boundary of the first wetland ecological unit according to the vegetation soil unit specifically comprises the following steps:
comparing the vegetation soil unit with the first wetland ecological units, and combining the first wetland ecological units into one wetland ecological unit if the first wetland ecological units pass through the same vegetation soil unit;
if only one first wetland ecological unit passes through one vegetation soil unit, the boundary of the first wetland ecological unit does not need to be changed;
the correcting the boundary of the second wetland ecological unit according to the land type map spots specifically comprises the following steps:
comparing the land pattern spots with the second wetland ecological units, and combining the second wetland ecological units into one wetland ecological unit if the second wetland ecological units pass through the same land pattern spot;
if only one of the second wetland ecounits passes through one of the land pattern spots, the boundaries of the second wetland ecounits do not need to be changed.
4. An apparatus for using a method for urban wetland ecosystem division, comprising a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, the processor implementing the method for urban wetland ecosystem division according to any one of claims 1 to 2 when executing the computer program.
5. A computer readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer readable storage medium comprises a stored computer program, wherein the computer program, when run, controls a device in which the computer readable storage medium is located to perform the urban wetland ecosystem division method according to any one of claims 1 to 2.
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