CN108343951B - Pulverized coal combustion equipment and pulverized coal combustion boiler - Google Patents

Pulverized coal combustion equipment and pulverized coal combustion boiler Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108343951B
CN108343951B CN201810295598.XA CN201810295598A CN108343951B CN 108343951 B CN108343951 B CN 108343951B CN 201810295598 A CN201810295598 A CN 201810295598A CN 108343951 B CN108343951 B CN 108343951B
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China
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pulverized coal
flue gas
coal combustion
duct
heat source
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CN201810295598.XA
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CN108343951A (en
Inventor
邹鹏
张一坤
张世凯
宋林波
龚泽儒
郑艳丽
李冬
杨金杰
朱新龙
王晓娜
迟枫林
周鹏捷
滕铭桥
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Yantai Longyuan Power Technology Co Ltd
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Yantai Longyuan Power Technology Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D1/00Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23CMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C9/00Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
    • F23C9/003Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for pulverulent fuel

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)

Abstract

The application relates to a pulverized coal combustion device and a pulverized coal combustion boiler, wherein the pulverized coal combustion device comprises: the outlet of the shell is communicated with the hearth; a wind powder pipe communicating with an inlet of the housing; the heat source is arranged on the shell and used for igniting the wind powder in the shell, which is introduced into the wind powder pipeline; and a smoke assembly for passing smoke into at least one of the air-dust duct and the ignition region of the heat source. According to the application, by adopting the technical means of introducing flue gas, the combustion intensity in the pulverized coal combustion equipment can be flexibly controlled, and the temperature in the pulverized coal combustion equipment is controlled, so that the coal adaptability and the working condition adaptability of the pulverized coal combustion equipment are improved, the over-temperature and slagging of the pulverized coal combustion equipment are effectively avoided, and the safe and efficient combustion of the pulverized coal of the power station boiler is realized.

Description

Pulverized coal combustion equipment and pulverized coal combustion boiler
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of pulverized coal combustion, in particular to pulverized coal combustion equipment and a pulverized coal combustion boiler.
Background
Coal-fired thermal power generation is always the dominant force of the power industry in China, and advanced coal-fired power generation technology is the dominant direction of thermal power generation. The existing burner has poor coal quality and working condition adaptability, and is difficult to meet the national conditions of changeable coal quality.
1) The existing burner has poor coal adaptability, for example, when the burner is originally designed to ignite inferior coal, the ignition area is usually designed to have low wind speed in order to ensure ignition, and if the coal quality changes, the burner is easy to slag and even burn when the bituminous coal is burned. Taking a lean coal boiler of a certain power plant as an example, after bituminous coal is changed, the four ignition burners at the bottommost layer are seriously burnt, and the four ignition burners need to be replaced completely, so that the economic loss is large.
2) At present, the clean energy duty ratio is larger and larger, and the participation of thermal power in deep peak shaving is a future trend. When the boiler is under lower load, a heat source is needed to be put into the boiler for stable combustion, and the fuel quantity which is needed to be put into the boiler for maintaining low load is greatly reduced at the moment, but a certain wind speed (generally more than 18 m/s) is needed to be kept for preventing the blockage of a wind powder pipe, so that the concentration of coal powder is relatively low, and the combustion in a combustor is severe, so that local overtemperature is easily caused, and slag bonding and even burning loss are generated.
Disclosure of Invention
At least one object of the present application is to propose a pulverized coal combustion device and a pulverized coal combustion boiler.
Some embodiments provide a pulverized coal combustion apparatus, comprising: the outlet of the shell is communicated with the hearth; a wind powder pipe communicating with an inlet of the housing; the heat source is arranged on the shell and used for igniting the wind powder in the shell, which is introduced into the wind powder pipeline; and a smoke assembly for passing smoke into at least one of the air-dust duct and the ignition region of the heat source.
Optionally, the flue gas assembly comprises: a flue gas duct for introducing flue gas into at least one of the interior of the wind-powder duct and the ignition region of the heat source; and the booster fan is arranged in the flue gas pipeline and is used for boosting the flue gas in the flue gas pipeline.
Optionally, the flue gas assembly comprises a first flue gas duct in communication with the ignition region of the heat source.
Optionally, the flue gas assembly includes a first valve, which is disposed in the first flue gas pipeline and is used for controlling on-off and airflow rate of the airflow in the first flue gas pipeline.
Optionally, the flue gas assembly includes a second flue gas duct in communication with the wind powder duct.
Optionally, the flue gas assembly comprises a second valve, which is arranged in the second flue gas pipeline and used for controlling the on-off and the airflow flow rate of the airflow in the second flue gas pipeline.
Optionally, the pipe diameter of the second flue gas pipeline is smaller than that of the wind powder pipeline, so that flue gas is injected into the wind powder pipeline.
Some embodiments provide a pulverized coal-fired boiler comprising the pulverized coal-fired apparatus described above.
Optionally, the pulverized coal-fired boiler comprises a boiler body, and an outlet of a housing of the pulverized coal-fired equipment is communicated with a hearth of the boiler body.
Optionally, the flue gas in the flue gas assembly of the pulverized coal combustion device originates from the boiler body.
Based on the technical scheme, the application has at least the following beneficial effects:
in some embodiments, the flue gas assembly is used for introducing flue gas into at least one of the air powder pipeline and the ignition area of the heat source, and can spray the flue gas into the air powder pipeline, and the combustion intensity is controlled by adjusting the overall oxygen content and the air speed of the air powder; the flue gas can be introduced into an ignition area in the pulverized coal combustion equipment, and the ignition performance of the pulverized coal combustion equipment is controlled by reducing the local oxygen content of the ignition area, so that the overall combustion intensity in the pulverized coal combustion equipment is controlled; the flue gas can be sprayed into the air-powder pipeline at the same time, and the flue gas is introduced into an ignition area in the pulverized coal combustion equipment; the combustion intensity in the pulverized coal combustion equipment is flexibly controlled by adopting the technical means of introducing flue gas, and the temperature in the pulverized coal combustion equipment is controlled, so that the coal type adaptability and the working condition adaptability of the pulverized coal combustion equipment are improved, the ultra-mild slagging of the pulverized coal combustion equipment is effectively avoided, and the safe and efficient combustion of the pulverized coal of the power station boiler is realized.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and do not constitute a limitation on the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a pulverized coal combustion apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present application.
The reference numbers in the drawings:
1-a housing;
2-a wind powder pipeline;
3-a heat source; 31-an ignition source;
4-a flue gas assembly; 41-a flue gas duct; 42-booster fan; 43-a first flue gas duct; 44-a first valve; 45-a second flue gas duct; 46-a second valve; 47-a third valve; 48-fourth valve.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the application.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the present application and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application.
The existing pulverized coal combustion equipment is poor in temperature control capability, the coal quality adaptation range is narrow, when the coal quality or working condition changes greatly, the structure of the pulverized coal combustion equipment cannot be changed because of being fixed, the combustion intensity of pulverized coal in the pulverized coal combustion equipment is difficult to control, the pulverized coal is easy to produce super Wen Jiezha, even burning loss is caused, and the cost is high if all the pulverized coal combustion equipment is replaced.
The application adopts the technical means of introducing flue gas to effectively solve the problems, when the coal quality change is larger, the wall temperature of the pulverized coal combustion equipment rises faster, and the conventional control means such as ineffective adjustment of wind speed and pulverized coal concentration or slower response are adopted, the flue gas system is put into, the combustion intensity in the pulverized coal combustion equipment can be rapidly controlled, and the slagging or burning loss of the pulverized coal combustion equipment is avoided.
As shown in fig. 1, a pulverized coal combustion apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present application includes a housing 1, a pulverized coal pipe 2, a heat source 3, and a smoke assembly 4.
Wherein, the outlet of the shell 1 is used for communicating with a hearth; the inlet of the shell 1 is communicated with a wind powder pipeline 2.
The heat source 3 is arranged on the shell 1 and is used for igniting the wind powder which is introduced into the shell 1 by the wind powder pipeline 2.
The flue gas assembly 4 is used for introducing flue gas into at least one of the interior of the wind powder pipeline 2 and the ignition area of the heat source 3.
The pulverized coal combustion apparatus of the above embodiment may introduce the flue gas in at least three ways: firstly, spraying flue gas into a wind powder pipeline 2, and controlling the combustion intensity by adjusting the overall oxygen content and wind speed of the wind powder; the second is to introduce the flue gas into the ignition area in the pulverized coal combustion equipment, and the ignition performance of the pulverized coal combustion equipment is controlled by reducing the local oxygen content of the ignition area, so as to further control the overall combustion intensity in the pulverized coal combustion equipment; the third is to spray the flue gas into the pulverized coal pipe 2 at the same time and introduce the flue gas into the ignition region in the pulverized coal combustion apparatus.
In some embodiments, the combustion intensity in the pulverized coal combustion equipment is flexibly controlled by adopting a technical means of introducing flue gas, and the temperature in the pulverized coal combustion equipment is controlled, so that the coal adaptability and the working condition adaptability of the pulverized coal combustion equipment are improved, the super-temperature and slagging of the pulverized coal combustion equipment are effectively avoided, and the safe and efficient combustion of pulverized coal of the power station boiler is realized.
In some embodiments, the flue gas assembly 4 may include a flue gas duct 41 and a booster fan 42.
Wherein the flue gas duct 41 is used for introducing flue gas into at least one of the air powder duct 2 and the ignition area of the heat source 3.
The booster fan 42 is arranged in the flue gas pipeline 41 and is used for boosting the flue gas in the flue gas pipeline 41.
The flue gas boosted by the booster fan 42 is sprayed into the air-powder pipeline 2, so that on one hand, the oxygen content of air powder in the air-powder pipeline 2 can be reduced, and the combustion intensity in the pulverized coal combustion equipment is reduced; on the other hand, the internal combustion resistance of the pulverized coal combustion equipment can be overcome through the high-speed jet flow effect, a certain injection effect is achieved, the effect of improving the wind speed in the wind powder pipeline 2 is achieved, and the problems that the generated thermal resistance is large, the wind speed is reduced, and even the pipe is blocked when the pulverized coal combustion equipment burns violently are avoided.
In some embodiments, the flue gas assembly 4 comprises a first flue gas duct 43, the first flue gas duct 43 being in communication with the ignition region of the heat source 3.
The flue gas is introduced into the ignition local area of the pulverized coal combustion equipment through the first flue gas pipeline 43, the local oxygen content of the ignition area is reduced, and the ignition performance of the heat source 3 is controlled by changing the oxygen content of the area, so that the combustion intensity is controlled, and the pulverized coal combustion equipment is prevented from exceeding Wen Jiezha.
In some embodiments, the flue gas assembly 4 includes a first valve 44, the first valve 44 being disposed in the first flue gas duct 43 for controlling the on-off and the flow rate of the air flow in the first flue gas duct 43.
The first valve 44 flexibly adjusts the flue gas amount of the first flue gas pipeline 43 which is introduced into the ignition region, so that the coal quality adaptation range and the working condition adaptation of the pulverized coal combustion equipment can be widened.
In some embodiments, the flue gas assembly 4 comprises a second flue gas duct 45, the second flue gas duct 45 being in communication with the wind powder duct 2.
The thermal resistance is great when the internal combustion of current pulverized coal combustion equipment is violent, easily leads to the wind speed in the wind powder pipeline 2 to descend, and the wind powder pipeline 2 is deposited powder even, blocks up the pipe, and this embodiment lets in the flue gas in the wind powder pipeline 2 through second flue gas pipeline 45, thereby can reduce the oxygen content of wind powder in the wind powder pipeline 2 and reduce combustion intensity.
In some embodiments, the flue gas assembly 4 includes a second valve 46, and the second valve 46 is disposed in the second flue gas duct 45 and is used for controlling the on-off and the airflow rate in the second flue gas duct 45.
The second valve 46 is used for flexibly adjusting the smoke amount introduced into the air-powder pipeline 2 through the second smoke pipeline 45, so that the coal quality adaptation range and the working condition adaptation of the pulverized coal combustion equipment can be widened.
In some embodiments, the second flue gas duct 45 has a smaller pipe diameter than the wind powder duct 2 for injecting flue gas into the wind powder duct 2.
By spraying the flue gas into the air-powder pipeline 2 at a high speed, the internal combustion resistance of the pulverized coal combustion equipment can be overcome by the high-speed jet flow effect, and the effect of improving the wind speed in the air-powder pipeline 2 is achieved.
In some embodiments, the heat source 3 includes a burner, plasma ignition, oil gun ignition, air gun ignition, high temperature air, etc. that can ignite or heat the primary air powder. The combustion intensity inside the device can be controlled by adjusting the power of the heat source 3, so that the purpose of controlling the temperature is realized, and the overtemperature and slagging of the device are effectively prevented.
In a preferred or alternative embodiment, the flue gas duct 41 comprises a main flue gas duct, a first flue gas duct 43 and a second flue gas duct 45, a booster fan 42 is arranged on the main flue gas duct, the main flue gas duct is connected with the first flue gas duct 43 and the second flue gas duct 45 in parallel, the first flue gas duct 43 is provided with a first valve 44, and the second flue gas duct 45 is provided with a second valve 46.
Optionally, a third valve 47 is provided on the main flue gas duct and at the inlet end of the booster fan 42. Optionally, a fourth valve 48 is provided on the main flue gas duct and at the exhaust end of the booster fan 42.
When the fluctuation of working conditions is large or severe working conditions occur, such as low load of a boiler, the output of the pulverized coal combustion equipment needs to be reduced, and in order to ensure that the pulverized coal pipeline 2 does not accumulate powder, the wind speed needs to be kept above 18m/s, so that the concentration of pulverized coal is low, the excessive air coefficient is large, the internal combustion of the pulverized coal combustion equipment is severe, and the temperature is high. At this time, the regulation means of wind and powder basically fail, so that the pulverized coal combustion equipment has risks of slag bonding and burning loss. At the moment, the problem can be effectively solved by putting the flue gas into the flue gas system, the oxygen content of the wind powder in the wind powder pipeline 2 can be reduced by introducing the flue gas into the wind powder pipeline 2, the combustion is controlled, the wind speed in the wind powder pipeline 2 can be improved, and the powder accumulation is avoided.
When the wall temperature of the pulverized coal combustion equipment rises faster, the second flue gas pipeline 45 and the first flue gas pipeline 43 can be simultaneously put into, and flue gas is added in the air-powder pipeline 2 and in the ignition area of the pulverized coal combustion equipment, so that the internal temperature of the pulverized coal combustion equipment is reduced fastest, and the safety of the pulverized coal combustion equipment is ensured.
The pulverized coal combustion device is suitable for pulverized coal combustion boilers.
In one or more embodiments, the pulverized coal-fired boiler comprises the pulverized coal-fired apparatus described above.
In some embodiments, the pulverized coal-fired boiler comprises a boiler body, an inlet of the pulverized coal-fired equipment is communicated with the air-pulverized coal pipeline 2, and an outlet of a shell 1 of the pulverized coal-fired equipment is communicated with a hearth of the boiler body. The pulverized coal combustion equipment body is provided with a heat source 3.
In some embodiments, the flue gas in the flue gas assembly 4 of the pulverized coal combustion device originates from the boiler body. In particular from the boiler tail flue of the boiler body.
The wind powder pipeline 2 can be primary wind powder which is introduced into the boiler body.
When the coal quality in the boiler body is changed or the working condition is changed to possibly cause slagging or burning loss of the pulverized coal combustion equipment, flue gas can be introduced into the air-powder pipeline 2 and/or the ignition area of the pulverized coal combustion equipment, so that the oxygen content of primary air or the local oxygen content of the ignition area is reduced, the combustion intensity in the pulverized coal combustion equipment is reduced, and the purpose of controlling the wall temperature of the pulverized coal combustion equipment is achieved by adjusting the flue gas quantity.
The pulverized coal combustion device can be modified on the basis of the existing pulverized coal combustion device to realize the structure provided by the application, and has the advantages of simple structure, easiness in modification and low cost, the modified pulverized coal combustion device can play a remarkable role in combustion adjustment, the super-temperature and slagging of the pulverized coal combustion device are effectively avoided, and the safe and efficient combustion of pulverized coal of a power station boiler is realized.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," "third," etc. are used for defining components, and are merely for convenience in distinguishing the components, and if not otherwise stated, the terms are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present application.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical scheme of the present application and are not limiting; while the application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that: modifications may be made to the specific embodiments of the present application or equivalents may be substituted for part of the technical features thereof; without departing from the spirit of the application, it is intended to cover the scope of the application as claimed.

Claims (8)

1. A pulverized coal combustion apparatus, characterized by comprising:
a shell (1) with an outlet for communication with the furnace;
a wind powder pipe (2) communicating with the inlet of the housing (1);
the heat source (3) is arranged on the shell (1) and is used for igniting the wind powder in the shell (1) introduced by the wind powder pipeline (2); and
the smoke assembly (4) is used for introducing smoke into the wind powder pipeline (2) and the ignition area of the heat source (3) or introducing smoke into the ignition area of the heat source (3);
the flue gas assembly (4) comprises a first flue gas duct (43) communicating with an ignition zone of the heat source (3);
the flue gas assembly (4) comprises a second flue gas duct (45) which communicates with the wind powder duct (2).
2. The pulverized coal firing equipment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said flue gas assembly (4) comprises:
a flue gas duct (41) for introducing flue gas into the air-dust duct (2) and the ignition region of the heat source (3), or introducing flue gas into the ignition region of the heat source (3); and
and the booster fan (42) is arranged in the flue gas pipeline (41) and is used for boosting the flue gas in the flue gas pipeline (41).
3. The pulverized coal firing equipment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the flue gas assembly (4) comprises a first valve (44) provided in the first flue gas duct (43) for controlling the on-off and the flow of air in the first flue gas duct (43).
4. The pulverized coal firing equipment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the flue gas assembly (4) comprises a second valve (46) provided in the second flue gas duct (45) for controlling the on-off and the flow of air in the second flue gas duct (45).
5. The pulverized coal firing equipment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the pipe diameter of the second flue gas duct (45) is smaller than the pipe diameter of the pulverized coal duct (2) for injecting flue gas into the pulverized coal duct (2).
6. A pulverized coal-fired boiler, characterized by comprising a pulverized coal-fired apparatus as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5.
7. Pulverized coal-fired boiler according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises a boiler body, the outlet of the housing (1) of the pulverized coal-fired equipment being in communication with the furnace of the boiler body.
8. Pulverized coal-fired boiler according to claim 7, characterized in that the flue gases in the flue gas assembly (4) of the pulverized coal-fired equipment originate from the boiler body.
CN201810295598.XA 2018-03-30 2018-03-30 Pulverized coal combustion equipment and pulverized coal combustion boiler Active CN108343951B (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5284438A (en) * 1992-01-07 1994-02-08 Koch Engineering Company, Inc. Multiple purpose burner process and apparatus
WO2010083638A1 (en) * 2009-01-24 2010-07-29 Xiong Chengrui Method for igniting pulverized coal in coal-fired boiler and burner thereof
CN101839474A (en) * 2010-06-22 2010-09-22 华中科技大学 Method for re-circulating combustion of flue gas of pulverized coal fired boiler
CN102444890A (en) * 2011-12-26 2012-05-09 上海锅炉厂有限公司 Micro-oil ignition burner
CN104180368A (en) * 2014-08-26 2014-12-03 山西蓝天环保设备有限公司 Medium-and-low temperature hot fume powder feeding type coal powder combustion device and combustion process thereof
CN208025505U (en) * 2018-03-30 2018-10-30 烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司 Coal-dust combustion device and pulverized coal firing boiler

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5284438A (en) * 1992-01-07 1994-02-08 Koch Engineering Company, Inc. Multiple purpose burner process and apparatus
WO2010083638A1 (en) * 2009-01-24 2010-07-29 Xiong Chengrui Method for igniting pulverized coal in coal-fired boiler and burner thereof
CN101839474A (en) * 2010-06-22 2010-09-22 华中科技大学 Method for re-circulating combustion of flue gas of pulverized coal fired boiler
CN102444890A (en) * 2011-12-26 2012-05-09 上海锅炉厂有限公司 Micro-oil ignition burner
CN104180368A (en) * 2014-08-26 2014-12-03 山西蓝天环保设备有限公司 Medium-and-low temperature hot fume powder feeding type coal powder combustion device and combustion process thereof
CN208025505U (en) * 2018-03-30 2018-10-30 烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司 Coal-dust combustion device and pulverized coal firing boiler

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