CN103175214A - Natural gas ignition system with intelligent roller wheel type medium speed mill - Google Patents
Natural gas ignition system with intelligent roller wheel type medium speed mill Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a natural gas ignition system with an intelligent roller wheel type medium speed mill, relates to a non-oil ignition system for a power station coal-fired boiler, and can adopt natural gas to directly ignite the low-concentration fine coal dust. The natural gas ignition system provided by the invention comprises an intelligent roller wheel type medium speed mill, a hollow grind preheating subsystem, a natural gas, an air pressurizing premixing and distributing subsystem, an afterflaming burner, an afterflaming burner PLC (programmable logic controller), and a unit DCS (distributed control system), wherein the afterflaming burner can provide necessary time, space, oxygen capacity, temperature and big enough ignition heat power for warming, ignition, combustion and after-combustion of coal dust when a boiler is in a starting period; and the intelligent roller wheel type medium speed mill can finely regulate capacity of the coal mill in the 3%-100% range so that a furnace inner process in the starting period is well matched with a pan inner process. The natural gas ignition system provided by the invention is suitable for boilers capable of burning soft coal, low moisture brown coal or meagre, the burn-off rate is high, the oil is saved, the energy is saved, the operation cost is low, the repairing cost is low, the construction investment is low, and the integrated and full non-oil ignition of the power station coal-fired boiler is realized.
Description
(1) technical field:
The present invention relates to the non-oil ignition system that a kind of coal burning boiler of power station is used.The natural gas fired system that the present invention is furnished with intelligent roller type medium-speed pulverizer adopts natural gas straight contact combustion low concentration fine breeze, is the non-oil ignition system that a kind of new power plant coal-burning boiler different from the plasma ignition system principle used.
(2) background technology:
The non-oil ignition system that the coal burning boiler of power station of prior art is used is plasma ignition system, this ignition system is that to utilize the pure air of certain pressure be medium, under the effect of DC current, the contact starting the arc also obtains the directed flow air plasma of firm power under high-intensity magnetic field is controlled, this plasma forms localized hyperthermia in burner, when coal dust by the time rapid firing coal-dust spray into burner hearth.Plasma ignition system has been realized non-oil ignition or the few-oil ignition of coal-burning boiler in numerous power stations, saved great amount of fuel oil, but its limitation is arranged:
* invest hugely, investment is roughly linear with the thermal power of the burner number that need light with plasma, plasma;
* the negative electrode condition of work is severe, and working life only has 200 hours or shorter, and maintenance workload is large;
* generally be only applicable to a bituminous coal that the combustible basis fugitive constituent is greater than 20%;
* burning-point meager coal, high-moisture brown coal difficulty, do not have the low-load combustion-stabilizing function substantially, and most power stations have retained the fuel ignition combustion-supporting system;
* there is no the record that burning-point uses anthracitic W shape flame boiler;
* need original low-NOx combustor integral replacing is to amplify step by step, the igniting DC burner of fractional combustion, have the significant adverse impact to low NOx performance and the after-flame performance of original low-NOx combustor;
* in ignition process, the coal dust burn-off rate is low, and the fly ash combustible material that black furnace is lighted a fire in initial 2 hours reaches 20% or higher;
* the plasma burning-point to as if high concentration pulverized coal, fuel quantity poor controllability in the boiler startup process, stove internal procedure and inter-boiler process coupling is difficult;
* to adopting the large-sized station boiler of turbulent burner, at non-isoionic point fire bed, generally will retain conventional oil-firing system, during boiler at low load, the adjacent bed burner is lighted a fire mutually, and detonation is very risky;
* the thermal power of lighting a fire is low, and the energy conversion link is many, and the heat of coal first is converted into electricity, efficiency 40%, and electricity is converted into heat with electrical arc, efficiency 70%, integrated heat efficiency is low, only has 28%.
(3) summary of the invention and embodiment:
Technical problem to be solved:
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of natural gas fired system of being furnished with intelligent roller type medium-speed pulverizer and use natural gas straight contact combustion low concentration fine breeze, realize the coal burning boiler of power station dry starting; When boiler at low load, natural gas possesses steady combustion function, can effectively reduce and not throw the steady combustion load of oil; The present invention is applicable to use the coal-powder boiler of bituminous coal, low moisture brown coal or meager coal, fuel oil tank field, oil-firing pump house, Fuel Delivery System, tank farm fire-fighting system, stokehold fuel system etc. be can cancel to newly-built coal-burning power plant, a large amount of capital expenditures and construction land saved.
The present invention has effectively overcome many limitation of plasma ignition system, realize coal burning boiler of power station complete, non-oil ignition completely.
The present invention has the characteristics of fuel-economizing, energy-conservation, reduction of discharging, environmental protection, low operating cost, low capital expenditure.
The present invention is energy-conservation with a new generation, water saving, without the direct current furnace starting system of iron pollution (patent of invention 201110029039.2 can reclaim working medium and heat without pump direct current furnace starting system patent of invention 201110146964.3, join the direct current furnace starting system that middle companding container can reclaim the working medium heat) comprehensively comprehensively, combine and can make the coal-fired unit of supercritical parameter possess the practical peak modulation capacity that opens, stops, and not only effectively reduces the carbon emission total amount of coal electricity and also for the wind-powered electricity generation of low-carbon emission, nuclear power, has expanded the space that enters electrical network.
Solve the technical scheme that its technical problem adopts:
The natural gas fired system that the present invention is furnished with intelligent roller type medium-speed pulverizer comprises intelligent roller type medium-speed pulverizer, empty mill pre-warm subsystem, natural gas, supercharging air premix and assignment subsystem, general burner, general burner PLC, unit DCS, the natural gas air Mixture is easy to distribute, is easy to control, is easy to igniting, caloric value is high, by nominal output, the boiler type of coal burning boiler of power station, use the difference of coal, the preheating of many cover natural gases is housed on start-up burner and wind pipeline of part thereof, ignition module forms general burner, general burner design is lighted the low concentration fine breeze, under this coal powder density, without Secondary Air, participates in, and coal dust after-flame substantially in general burner, and suitable excess air coefficient is arranged, general burner during boiler startup for the intensification of coal dust, ignite, burning, after-flame provide necessary time, space, oxygen amount, temperature and enough large igniting thermal powers, control coal powder density and can control the hot flue-gas temperature of general burner outlet and be no more than 800 ℃, in the boiler startup process, the heat that the heat that the coal dust that ignited produces and combustion of natural gas produce makes the rising of booting gradually of each position temperature of general burner, fire box temperature, a wind-warm syndrome, after fire box temperature reaches 600 ℃, one time wind-warm syndrome and reaches 150 ℃, the starting pressure fan, progressively increase coal-supplying amount, progressively improves coal powder density, and the igniting of coal dust, burning, after-flame process are progressively transferred to burner hearth by general burner, all transfer to burner hearth when the igniting of coal dust, burning, after-flame process, when forming the burner of general burner and wind pipeline of part thereof and being returned to the temperature levels of normal operation, the boiler startup process completes, throwing at each natural gas preheating, ignition module during boiler startup is parked under general burner PLC control, the general burner of preheating, coal dust ignites, stablize the combustion process of coal dust in general burner, the temperature that maintains each position of general burner is in target area separately, and is smoothly transitted into normal operating condition, when boiler at low load or ature of coal worsen, pointwise come into operation natural gas preheating, ignition module, the natural gas fired system possesses the burner stable combustion function of single burner/in groups, can effectively reduce not throw the steady combustion of oil and load, utilize the coal-fired empty mill of smoke discharging residual heat pre-warm that boiler/combustion gas starts boiler that starts, according to Coal rank pre-warm to 100 ℃-180 ℃, adopt the cold wind of this stove/adjacent stove heat primary air to start the intelligent roller type medium-speed pulverizer powder process through preheating, temperature sensor on general burner, burner noz(zle) start and stop magnetic valve, sparker, the inverse signal of sparker, the I/O signal relevant with multiple spot preheating and ignition process such as high-energy igniter all is subject to this general burner PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) monitoring, between each general burner PLC and unit DCS, by communication port, linked, each general burner PLC is monitored by the built-in igniting expert system of unit DCS, in the operator station of unit DCS, the operator inputs the characteristic of coal dust by human-computer dialogue, as low heat valve, ash content, volatile matter, moisture, fineness of pulverized coal, t
1, t
2, t
3the built-in igniting expert system of unit DCS timesharing automatically arranges temperature, the primary air velocity of airduct of each section and burner, the desired value zone of coal powder density, and the operator can select to the multiple spot preheating of whole coal burning boiler of power station and ignition process hand behaviour monitoring or by unit DCS automatic programme control, burner hearth is provided with the furnace flame image monitoring, be equipped with natural gas preheating, ignition module on the turbulent burner of each non-ignition layer.
Intelligence roller type medium-speed pulverizer is in operation, and grinding pressure is adjustable, speed of grinding plate is adjustable, swivel nozzle available ventilation area is adjustable, fineness of pulverized coal is adjustable, can be in 3% to 100% scope the exerting oneself of meticulous adjusting coal pulverizer, for the better increasing temperature and pressure speed of controlling coal burning boiler of power station, improve ignition success rate, improve burn-off rate peace slip control coal powder density processed, the fineness of Initial Stage after Ignition, created good condition.
Empty mill pre-warm subsystem is before intelligent roller type medium-speed pulverizer advances coal, and hydraulic mechanism lifts grinding roller, and mill low speed jiggering starts the stove cigarette of stove/adjacent stove hot blast with the coal-fired stove cigarette that starts stove/combustion gas and slowly heats the empty accumulation of heat of grinding.
Natural gas, supercharging air premix and assignment subsystem are by the female pipe of natural gas supply, ball valve, natural gas variable boosting machine, natural gas variable boosting machine drive motors, natural gas variable boosting machine variable-frequency power sources, turn-off non-return valve, the air intake filter device, the air delta supercharger, air delta supercharger drive motors, air delta supercharger variable-frequency power sources, natural gas air pre-mixing device, natural gas air pre-mixing device outlet spark arrester, natural gas variable boosting machine outlet spark arrester, air delta supercharger outlet spark arrester, natural gas supercharging air premix is controlled computer, the female pipe in stokehold, branch's spark arrester, natural gas variable boosting machine inlet pressure transmitter, natural gas air pre-mixing device pressure transmitter forms, natural gas, supercharging air premix and the every stove of assignment subsystem are a set of.
Natural gas preheating, ignition module comprise combustion of natural gas nozzle, sparker, high-energy igniter, spark arrester, gas discharge control short tube, burner noz(zle) start and stop magnetic valve group; The combustion of natural gas nozzle, according to the difference of installation position and purposes, can be divided into long flame type, short-flame type, tangential type, flute type cast, class flute type cast, conical surface flame type; The combustion of natural gas nozzle can be divided into high temperature modification and low form according to the difference of working position temperature; The Fast Wearing of breeze airflow should be able to be resisted, be avoided in the structure of combustion of natural gas nozzle, shape, material, installation position; The structure of combustion of natural gas nozzle, shape should be able to avoid coal dust between the natural gas lay-off period to enter in a large number nozzle, plug nozzle; The natural gas air Mixture flow through the flow velocity of combustion of natural gas nozzle should be quite higher than the tempering speed (5.5m/s) of natural gas.
The present invention is furnished with the non-oil ignition system that the natural gas fired system of intelligent roller type medium-speed pulverizer provides a kind of coal burning boiler of power station to use.The beneficial effect of the invention:
● be applicable to use the coal-powder boiler of bituminous coal, low moisture brown coal or meager coal;
● be applicable to the coal-powder boiler of the multiple type of furnaces such as opposed firing, quadrangle tangential circle, the anistree circle of contact, the wall formula circle of contact;
● each turbulent burner of the opposed firing burning type of furnace all is furnished with natural gas preheating, ignition module, without retaining the stokehold fuel system;
● be applicable to adapted roller type medium-speed pulverizer wherein at least 1 be the coal-powder boiler of intelligent roller type medium-speed pulverizer;
● coal-powder boiler can drop into electric precipitation, good environmental protection between burn period;
● burn-off rate is high,, low capital expenditure for fuel-economizing, energy-conservation, low operating cost, low maintenance cost;
● fuel oil tank field, tank farm fire-fighting system, oil-firing pump house, Fuel Delivery System, stokehold fuel system can be cancelled to newly-built coal-burning power plant, a large amount of capital expenditures and construction land can be saved;
● natural gas is easy to distribute, is easy to control, be easy to igniting, on each start-up burner and wind pipeline of part thereof, the preheating of the many covers of convenient installing natural gas, ignition module form general burner, general burner during boiler startup for coal dust heats up, ignites, burning, after-flame provide necessary time, space, oxygen amount, temperature and enough large igniting thermal powers;
● retain original low-NOx combustor aerodynamics feature invariant, low NOx performance is constant, without integral replacing, is amplification step by step, the start-up burner of fractional combustion;
● Initial Stage after Ignition adopts the combustion system of low coal powder density oxygen enrichment, under this coal powder density, without Secondary Air, participates in, and coal dust just can after-flame in general burner;
● only drive primary air fan in morning, the mid-term of boiler startup and do not drive pressure fan;
● in the boiler startup process, the fuel quantity controllability is good, and stove internal procedure and inter-boiler process coupling are good;
● multiple spot, in advance, appropriate, in good time, controlled preheating, the use of sparking mode, can under the prerequisite that guarantees general burner safety, light bituminous coal, low moisture brown coal or meager coal, and obtain high burn-off rate;
● when boiler at low load, natural gas possesses steady combustion function, can effectively reduce boiler and not throw the steady combustion load of oil;
● multiple spot preheating and ignition process are monitored by general burner PLC all, between each general burner PLC and unit DCS, by communication port, are connected, and general burner PLC is monitored by the built-in igniting expert system of unit DCS;
● in the operator station of unit DCS, the operator inputs the characteristic of coal dust by human-computer dialogue, as low heat valve, ash, fugitive constituent, moisture content, fineness of pulverized coal, t
1, t
2, t
3etc. parameter, but the desired value of the airduct of each section of igniting expert system Lookup protocol that unit DCS is built-in, the operator can select to the whole multiple spot preheating of whole each burner of natural gas ignition system for coal burning boiler in generating plant and ignition process hand behaviour monitoring or by unit DCS automatic programme control;
● furnace flame monitors the digital camera head adopted with USB interface, add time tag, the Industrial PC Computer hard disk recording, have the function of recollecting, adopt the wireless router transmitted signal, the furnace flame image is the whether successful switching value signal of exportable burner pulverized coal ignition after software identification;
● the igniting thermal power is high, and integrated heat efficiency Gao Keda is more than 95%, and the cold start of 1000MW level coal-burning boiler once, consumes natural gas and is no more than 1000Nm
3.
(4) accompanying drawing explanation:
Fig. 1 is the general burner that uses bituminous coal, low moisture brown coal or meager coal.
The fine rule that connects natural gas preheating, ignition module (4) end is expressed as class flute type cast nozzle.
Enter in a large number class flute type cast nozzle and be difficult for blowing out for fear of coal dust when boiler normally moves, class flute type cast nozzle is not arranged in the bottom of short tube (3).
Fig. 2 is natural gas, supercharging air premix and assignment subsystem.
On line between natural gas variable boosting machine (10) and natural gas variable boosting machine drive motors (12) means the mechanical attachment relation.
On line between supercharging air compressor (16) and air delta supercharger drive motors (18) means the mechanical attachment relation.
Natural gas variable boosting machine drive motors (12) and natural gas variable boosting for machine the chain-dotted line between variable-frequency power sources (19) mean electric connecting relation.
Air delta supercharger drive motors (18) and air delta for supercharger the chain-dotted line between variable-frequency power sources (20) mean electric connecting relation.
The natural gas variable boosting chain-dotted line that for machine, variable-frequency power sources (19) and natural gas supercharging air premix are controlled between computer (21) means the control signal connecting relation.
The air delta chain-dotted line that for supercharger, variable-frequency power sources (20) and natural gas supercharging air premix are controlled between computer (21) means the control signal connecting relation.
The control signal connecting relation that natural gas variable boosting machine inlet pressure transmitter (22), natural gas air pre-mixing device pressure transmitter (23) and natural gas supercharging air premix are controlled between computer (21) does not give expression, too numerous and diverse to avoid drawing.
In Fig. 1:
1 burner, 2 joints,
3 short tubes, 4 natural gas preheatings, ignition module,
5 elbows.
In Fig. 2:
The female pipes of 6 natural gas supplies, 7 ball valves,
8 branch's spark arresters, the 9 female pipes in stokeholds,
10 natural gas variable boosting machines, 11 natural gas variable boosting machines outlets spark arresters,
12 natural gas variable boosting machine drive motors, 13 premixed devices,
14 turn-off non-return valves, 15 air intake filter devices,
16 supercharging air compressors, 17 air delta superchargers outlets spark arresters,
18 air delta supercharger drive motors, 19 natural gas variable boostings variable-frequency power sources for machine,
20 air delta variable-frequency power sources for supercharger, 21 natural gas supercharging air premixs control computers,
22 natural gas variable boosting machine inlet pressure transmitters, 23 natural gas air pre-mixing device pressure transmitters,
24 natural gas air pre-mixing device outlet spark arresters.
(5) specific embodiment:
The natural gas fired system that the present invention is furnished with intelligent roller type medium-speed pulverizer comprises intelligent roller type medium-speed pulverizer, empty mill pre-warm subsystem, natural gas, supercharging air premix and assignment subsystem, general burner, general burner PLC, unit DCS, the natural gas air Mixture is easy to distribute, is easy to control, is easy to igniting, caloric value is high, by nominal output, the boiler type of coal burning boiler of power station, use the difference of coal, the preheating of many cover natural gases is housed on start-up burner and wind pipeline of part thereof, ignition module forms general burner, general burner design is lighted the low concentration fine breeze, under this coal powder density, without Secondary Air, participates in, and coal dust after-flame substantially in general burner, and suitable excess air coefficient is arranged, general burner during boiler startup for the intensification of coal dust, ignite, burning, after-flame provide necessary time, space, oxygen amount, temperature and enough large igniting thermal powers, control coal powder density and can control the hot flue-gas temperature of general burner outlet and be no more than 800 ℃, in the boiler startup process, the heat that the heat that the coal dust that ignited produces and combustion of natural gas produce makes the rising of booting gradually of each position temperature of general burner, fire box temperature, a wind-warm syndrome, after fire box temperature reaches 600 ℃, one time wind-warm syndrome and reaches 150 ℃, the starting pressure fan, progressively increase coal-supplying amount, progressively improves coal powder density, and the igniting of coal dust, burning, after-flame process are progressively transferred to burner hearth by general burner, all transfer to burner hearth when the igniting of coal dust, burning, after-flame process, when forming the burner of general burner and wind pipeline of part thereof and being returned to the temperature levels of normal operation, the boiler startup process completes, throwing at each natural gas preheating, ignition module during boiler startup is parked under general burner PLC control, the general burner of preheating, coal dust ignites, stablize the combustion process of coal dust in general burner, the temperature that maintains each position of general burner is in target area separately, and is smoothly transitted into normal operating condition, when boiler at low load or ature of coal worsen, pointwise come into operation natural gas preheating, ignition module, the natural gas fired system possesses the burner stable combustion function of single burner/in groups, can effectively reduce not throw the steady combustion of oil and load, utilize the coal-fired empty mill of smoke discharging residual heat pre-warm that boiler/combustion gas starts boiler that starts, according to Coal rank pre-warm to 100 ℃-180 ℃, adopt the cold wind of this stove/adjacent stove heat primary air to start the intelligent roller type medium-speed pulverizer powder process through preheating, temperature sensor on general burner, burner noz(zle) start and stop magnetic valve, sparker, the inverse signal of sparker, the I/O signal relevant with multiple spot preheating and ignition process such as high-energy igniter all is subject to this general burner PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) monitoring, between each general burner PLC and unit DCS, by communication port, linked, each general burner PLC is monitored by the built-in igniting expert system of unit DCS, in the operator station of unit DCS, the operator inputs the characteristic of coal dust by human-computer dialogue, as low heat valve, ash content, volatile matter, moisture, fineness of pulverized coal, t
1, t
2, t
3the built-in igniting expert system of unit DCS timesharing automatically arranges temperature, the primary air velocity of airduct of each section and burner, the desired value zone of coal powder density, and the operator can select to the multiple spot preheating of whole coal burning boiler of power station and ignition process hand behaviour monitoring or by unit DCS automatic programme control, burner hearth is provided with the furnace flame image monitoring, be equipped with natural gas preheating, ignition module on the turbulent burner of each non-ignition layer.
Natural gas, supercharging air premix and assignment subsystem are referring to Fig. 2.
The natural gas main component is CH
4, calorific value is up to 41.8MJ/Nm
3, every burning 1Nm
3natural gas approximately needs 10Nm
3air, air capacity is not enough can produce yellow flame, over-emitting black exhaust when serious.In order to make natural gas good in the space with pressure of relative closure internal combustion, stable, must be by natural gas and appropriate air supercharging premix in advance.
Natural gas, supercharging air premix and assignment subsystem are by the female pipe of natural gas supply, ball valve, natural gas variable boosting machine, natural gas variable boosting machine drive motors, natural gas variable boosting machine variable-frequency power sources, turn-off non-return valve, the air intake filter device, the air delta supercharger, air delta supercharger drive motors, air delta supercharger variable-frequency power sources, natural gas air pre-mixing device, natural gas air pre-mixing device outlet spark arrester, natural gas variable boosting machine outlet spark arrester, air delta supercharger outlet spark arrester, natural gas supercharging air premix is controlled computer, the female pipe in stokehold, branch's spark arrester, natural gas variable boosting machine inlet pressure transmitter, natural gas air pre-mixing device pressure transmitter forms, natural gas, supercharging air premix and the every stove of assignment subsystem are a set of.
Air delta supercharger and natural gas variable boosting machine are the oil free screw compressor of variable speed, solid-state sealing, and exerting oneself of air delta supercharger is about 10 times that same rotating speed is exerted oneself.
Air enters the entrance of air delta supercharger through the air intake filter device, the air after supercharging enters natural gas air pre-mixing device through shutoff non-return valve, air delta supercharger outlet spark arrester; Natural gas via ball valve in the female pipe of natural gas supply enters the entrance of natural gas variable boosting machine, and the natural gas via after supercharging turn-offs non-return valve, natural gas variable boosting machine outlet spark arrester enters natural gas air pre-mixing device; The natural gas of natural gas air pre-mixing device outlet, air gas mixture through turn-offing non-return valve, natural gas air pre-mixing device outlet spark arrester is sent into the female pipe in stokehold, all is furnished with branch's spark arrester and ball valve to the arm of each burner.
Be provided with natural gas air pre-mixing device pressure transmitter on natural gas air pre-mixing device, when the natural gas that enters natural gas air pre-mixing device and air volume flow sum are greater than the natural gas air gas mixture volume flow of outflow, natural gas air pre-mixing device pressure rise, otherwise, natural gas air pre-mixing device pressure drop, natural gas air pre-mixing device pressure transmitter and natural gas variable boosting machine inlet pressure transmitter all are subject to natural gas supercharging air premix to control computer monitoring, when natural gas air pre-mixing device pressure raises, natural gas supercharging air premix control computer instruction air delta supercharger reduces output frequency by variable-frequency power sources, air delta supercharger drive motors rotating speed descends, when natural gas air pre-mixing device pressure is elevated to 0.2MPa (adjustable), air delta supercharger drive motors rotating speed drops to 0, when natural gas air pre-mixing device pressure drop during to 0.15MPa (adjustable) rotating speed be elevated to maximum, natural gas now, exerting oneself of supercharging air premix and assignment subsystem also reaches maximum, should be slightly higher than the natural gas air pre-mixing gas maximum needed in station boiler ignition process, in whole station boiler ignition trigger process, supercharging premix amount and consumption keep dynamic equilibrium automatically.
Air delta supercharger drive motors and natural gas variable boosting machine drive motors all carry speed probe, natural gas supercharging air premix is controlled computer can calculate the volume flow under the standard air state that the air delta supercharger is pressed into natural gas air pre-mixing device, and volume flow the instruction natural gas variable boosting machine drive motors that further can extrapolate under the Natural gas standard state that need to be pressed into natural gas air pre-mixing device reach the rotating speed needed; Can show the instant flow of natural gas and air, the integrated flow of natural gas on the man-machine interface of natural gas supercharging air premix control computer.
Be equiped with natural gas variable boosting machine inlet pressure transmitter for revising pressure oscillation in the female pipe of the natural gas supply impact on the volume flow under the Natural gas standard state in the import of natural gas variable boosting machine; This subsystem Gas Exploitation low pressure air feed, normal natural gas supply pressure is 2kPa to 4kPa, adopting the advantage of low pressure air feed is that system controllability and measurability is good, good, the easy metering of security; If leaving the natural gas supply central station, station boiler press appendix (0.4MPa is to 1.6MPa) to deliver near station boiler in far can using, with delivering to the female pipe of natural gas supply after the voltage regulating station step-down; Long middle pressure appendix can play the effect that the peak natural gas flow is provided.
Inflammable and explosive after natural gas, supercharging air premix, this subsystem is provided with 3 grades of spark arresters, and 2 grades are turn-offed non-return valve to ensure safety; The spark arrester that this subsystem is used is for stoping the safety device of natural gas tempering, it can be comprised of by gas, solid material that have many thin channel or gap (back-fire relief element) and import and export connector a kind of, after flame enters spark arrester, be divided into many tiny flame flow by the back-fire relief element, due to heat transfer effect (gas is cooled) and wall effect, flame flow quencher; This subsystem adopts stainless steel back-fire relief element; Branch's spark arrester (14) is a kind of welded type spark arrester that uses powder metallurgical stainless steel to stop fiery element, repeatedly continuous back-fire relief.
Natural gas air pre-mixing device is a post conical shell, and air enters an annular header, by the radial centripetal multiinjector, is injected; Natural gas is injected by axial multiinjector; The natural gas air gas mixture is by truncated cone Base top contact; The casing rigidity of natural gas air pre-mixing device is enough to bear the detonation pressure of natural gas air gas mixture and does not destroy.
The air delta supercharging is the variable-frequency power sources with control interface with variable-frequency power sources and natural gas variable boosting by variable-frequency power sources, there is the vector controlled characteristic, is furnished with cooling fan, can export 0 to 50Hz three-phase alternating current, with the air delta supercharger drive motors that carries speed probe and natural gas variable boosting machine drive motors, match respectively, accept natural gas supercharging air premix and control the instruction of computer, accurately control the rotating speed of air delta supercharger and natural gas variable boosting machine.The air delta supercharging with variable-frequency power sources and natural gas variable boosting with variable-frequency power sources with the rotating speed control interface can be the analog quantity interface, as 4_20mA, 0_10V, can be also digital interface, as RS485, DeviceNet, Profibus-DP, Modbus, CAN, SIMOLINK or there are 2 class interfaces simultaneously.
Natural gas variable boosting machine drive motors should meet every requirement of explosion proof, if air delta supercharger drive motors is arranged together with natural gas variable boosting machine drive motors, also should meet every requirement of explosion proof.
It is an industrial computer with analog quantity/digital quantity I/O interface and communication interface that natural gas supercharging air premix is controlled computer, is furnished with the software of realizing aforementioned every monitoring function; Natural gas supercharging air premix is controlled the repertoire of computer and also can be realized in existing unit DCS (dcs) switch board of station boiler and DCS operator station.
Natural gas air gas mixture conveyance conduit, the female pipe in stokehold, each branch line all adopt seamless steel pipe, stainless steel; All pipeline is built on stilts arranges, multipoint earthing, and each point ground connection is good, avoids static to cause uncontrollable detonation; Pipeline connects the employing welding; In natural gas, supercharging air premix and assignment subsystem, ball valve has different latus rectums at different parts, all uses the excellent switch of sealing property stainless steel ball valve flexibly, pneumatic or electronic, explosion-proof; Turn-off non-return valve (20) and have non-return valve and shut-off valve function concurrently, stainless steel, pneumatic or electronic, explosion-proof; All pipelines and the bearing capacity of valve all are enough to bear the detonation pressure of natural gas air gas mixture and do not destroy.
From security standpoint, consider, natural gas, supercharging air premix and the every stove of assignment subsystem are a set of.
The gaseous fuel that this subsystem is used can be that pipe natural gas, LNG (liquefied natural gas) can be also shale gas, coal field gas, oil refining cracked gas, coke-oven gas, as long as sufficiently high calorific value (>=20MJ/Nm is arranged
3), the stable station boiler that just can be applied to of source of the gas is lighted a fire.
The natural gas fired system of the present invention being furnished with to intelligent roller type medium-speed pulverizer, while using gaseous fuel that calorific value is lower as coal field gas, except the confidential coal field gas variable boosting machine just by name of natural gas variable boosting, exerting oneself of coal field gas variable boosting machine will quite be greater than beyond natural gas variable boosting machine, one or all changes of more than one technical characterictic of each subsystem, use shale gas, coal field gas, the oil refining cracked gas, the direct firing coal-dust coal dust of coke-oven gas, realize that the coal burning boiler of power station dry starting belongs to the protection domain that patent of the present invention is furnished with the natural gas fired system of intelligent roller type medium-speed pulverizer together.
The preheating of every cover natural gas, ignition module comprise combustion of natural gas nozzle, sparker/high-energy igniter, spark arrester, gas discharge control short tube, burner noz(zle) start and stop magnetic valve group; The combustion of natural gas nozzle, according to the difference of installation position and purposes, can be divided into long flame type, short-flame type, tangential type, flute type cast, class flute type cast, conical surface flame type; The combustion of natural gas nozzle can be divided into high temperature modification and low form according to the difference of working position temperature; The Fast Wearing of breeze airflow should be able to be resisted, be avoided in the structure of combustion of natural gas nozzle, shape, material, installation position; The structure of combustion of natural gas nozzle, shape should be able to avoid coal dust between the natural gas lay-off period to enter in a large number nozzle, plug nozzle; The natural gas air Mixture flow through the flow velocity of combustion of natural gas nozzle should be quite higher than the tempering speed (5.5m/s) of natural gas; The combustion of natural gas nozzle can be by above-mentioned main points design, the adaptive use.
Sparker is the continuous sparker of a kind of small-power, its spark plug is arranged near combustion of natural gas jet expansion vortex but difficult position of being worn and torn by coal dust, before opening, drops into by burner noz(zle) start and stop magnetic valve, just stop after burner noz(zle) start and stop closed electromagnetic valve, reliably examine without fire is set continuously to guarantee combustion of natural gas; Sparker is thrown/is stopped and controlled by general burner PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), and carries and throw/stop successful feedback signal; Sparker is generally used for lights natural gas preheating, the ignition module that thermal power is less, natural gas preheating, ignition module that thermal power is larger are lighted with high-energy igniter, to guarantee can to light the natural gas air Mixture under high primary air velocity, a low wind-warm syndrome condition, firing coal-dust, separately have image-type furnace flame supervision real example coal dust to light; High-energy igniter is a kind of high power CW sparker; The natural gas preheating that thermal power is larger, ignition module after also available sparker is first lighted the preheating of small-power short-flame type natural gas, ignition module secondary light; The spark arrester that natural gas preheating, ignition module are used is a kind of welded type spark arrester that uses powder metallurgical stainless steel to stop fiery element, repeatedly continuous back-fire relief; It can be straight channel that natural gas preheating, ignition module are controlled short tube, it can be also spiral runner, for controlling the flow of natural gas preheating, ignition module, there is the constant current effect, when having gas discharge while changing by a relatively large margin, primary air pressure and natural gas air Mixture pressure can keep stable, natural gas preheating, ignition module are controlled the interior flow velocity of short tube quite higher than natural gas tempering speed, also have the back-fire relief ability; For guaranteeing that natural gas preheating, ignition module close tightly, 2 burner noz(zle) start and stop magnetic valves series connection are used, stainless steel, and the solenoid sealed explosion-proof, the F class B insulation, power failure is closed.
Each natural gas preheating, ignition module are used as one of preheating means of general burner before a wind pipeline advances coal dust, for the coal dust that firing coal-dust particularly is difficult to light is prepared good temperature conditions, there is to the various preheat temperature desired value at Coal rank, different wind-warm syndrome, the variant position of general burner.General burner is after suitable preheating, and the black furnace ignition process reduces greatly to the requirement of a wind-warm syndrome, even can light a fire in advance with a cold wind, allows the rising of booting in the black furnace start-up course of a wind-warm syndrome.
Use natural gas preheating, ignition module multiple spot, in advance, appropriate, in good time, controlled preheating, sparking mode can light bituminous coal, low moisture brown coal or meager coal, and obtain high burn-off rate under the prerequisite that guarantees general burner safety.
On each burner and wind pipeline of part thereof, multipoint temperature sensor is housed, for multiple spot preheating and ignition process are monitored, had not only guaranteed that station boiler ignition trigger process steadily, continuously but also guarantee all overtemperatures not of each position of general burner, guaranteed safety.
The natural gas fired system that the present invention is furnished with intelligent roller type medium-speed pulverizer can retain original low-NOx combustor aerodynamics feature invariant, without integral replacing, is amplification step by step, the igniting DC burner of fractional combustion; A wind passage of burner and some position of a wind pipeline are used exotic material instead as Cr28Ni20MoW, at least can be 800 ℃ of long-term safety work.
The present invention is furnished with the natural gas fired system of intelligent roller type medium-speed pulverizer and lights the low concentration fine breeze, under this coal powder density, without Secondary Air, participate in, substantially after-flame in the general burner that coal dust forms at some position by burner and a wind pipeline, and suitable excess air coefficient is arranged; Coal to different calorific values has different coal powder density desired values, roughly 0.08 to 0.2kg/kg, be no more than 800 ℃ for controlling the high-order bit of general burner temperature, coal powder density sometimes can also be lower than 0.08kg/kg; The morning of boiler startup, mid-term, fineness of pulverized coal R90 was controlled at 5% to 10%; Only drive primary air fan in the morning of boiler startup, mid-term, in the boiler startup later stage, after fire box temperature reaches 600 ℃, one time wind-warm syndrome and reaches 150 ℃, start pressure fan, progressively improve coal powder density, the igniting of coal dust, burning, after-flame process are progressively transferred to burner hearth by general burner; All transfer to burner hearth when the igniting of coal dust, burning, after-flame process, when forming the burner of general burner and wind pipeline of part thereof and being returned to the temperature levels of normal operation, the boiler startup process completes; Control coal-supplying amount, control bypass wind and carry ratio, control primary air velocity, the preheating of control natural gas, the ignition module input position of wind and count, control the natural gas otal investment, can control the temperature field in coal dust firing space, reaching can the available point burning coal powder, obtain the not slagging scorification again of high burn-off rate, do not burn out the target of any parts, meet the requirement that stove internal procedure and inter-boiler process mate mutually simultaneously.
The natural gas fired system that the present invention is furnished with intelligent roller type medium-speed pulverizer has the good conformity ability to primary air velocity.Should adopt low primary air velocity, 0.6V at Initial Stage after Ignition
h(0.6 times of specified primary air velocity), easier firing coal-dust also more easily is applicable to the requirement of ignition of the boiler initial stage to fuel quantity; To Coal rank, the adjusting range of primary air velocity in whole starting process is roughly at 0.6V
hto 1.2V
h.
Should do thermal expansion check and the check of suspension bracket load to a wind pipeline may working under higher temperature, suitably increase the stainless steel expansion joint, to avoid under duty killing expansion joint or to draw a bad wind pipeline, one time the wind pipeline anchor ear should be used exotic material.The insulation material of general burner should adopt resistant to elevated temperatures aluminium silicate wool felt.
High heating value bituminous coal is adopted to single-point igniting or 2 igniting, and empty mill preheat temperature and an airduct preheat temperature generally are no more than 130 ℃, are strictly on guard against coal dust detonation out of control in airduct.
When boiler at low load or ature of coal severe exacerbation, pointwise come into operation natural gas preheating, ignition module, the natural gas fired system possesses the burner stable combustion function of single burner/in groups, can effectively reduce and not throw the steady combustion load of oil, the reasonable minimum load of generating set will be determined by factors such as the heat regenerative system of steam turbine, steam feed pumps when the time comes, and can not be limited by boiler.
Use the general burner (Fig. 1) of bituminous coal, low moisture brown coal or meager coal
Burner body is not done change, exposes joint and the short tube of large bellows part and uses exotic material instead; Elbow as 800 ℃ of high temperature of ability without replacing; 2m to 4m uses exotic material instead in a long air channel before elbow, still can normal ignition while descending in order to ignition coal volatile matter and/or caloric value; But the airduct that one section preheating is set starts in order to a cold wind, and air channel of this section is without being replaced by exotic material; But match with airduct of preheating, be provided with the preheating of some cover natural gases, ignition module, adopt class flute type cast nozzle.Short tube after elbow is provided with the preheating of the large thermal power natural gas of short-flame type, ignition module.
The drying that positive pressure direct is blown the powder process of medium-speed milling pulverization system black furnace to be needed is originated with hot working fluid, can adopt:
● adjacent stove hot blast, sent here 280 ℃ of left and right by the contact air channel;
● the steam that coal-fired startup stove or adjacent machine come adds heat primary air through steam air heater, approximately can be heated to 150 ℃;
● the stove cigarette of coal-fired startup stove/combustion gas starts the stove cigarette of stove, and 160 ℃ of left and right can be used for the accumulation of heat of warm empty mill.
The minimum output of the medium-speed pulverizer of prior art is generally 25% to 20% of its EIAJ.Intelligence roller type medium-speed pulverizer is in operation, and grinding pressure is adjustable, speed of grinding plate is adjustable, swivel nozzle available ventilation area is adjustable, fineness of pulverized coal is adjustable, can be in 3% to 100% scope the exerting oneself of meticulous adjusting coal pulverizer, for the better increasing temperature and pressure speed of controlling coal burning boiler of power station, improve ignition success rate, improve burn-off rate peace slip control coal powder density processed, the fineness of Initial Stage after Ignition, created good condition.
The I/0 signals relevant with multiple spot preheating and ignition process such as the inverse signal of the temperature sensor on burner and wind pipeline thereof, burner noz(zle) start and stop magnetic valve, sparker, sparker, high-energy igniter all are subject to this general burner PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) monitoring, between each general burner PLC and unit DCS, by communication port, be connected, general burner PLC is monitored by the built-in igniting expert system of unit DCS; In the operator station of unit DCS, the operator inputs the characteristic of coal dust by human-computer dialogue, as low heat valve, ash content, volatile matter, moisture, fineness of pulverized coal, t
1, t
2, t
3parameter, the built-in igniting expert system of unit DCS timesharing automatically arranges temperature province, the primary air velocity of an airduct of each section, the desired value of coal powder density; The operator can select to the multiple spot preheating of whole coal burning boiler of power station and ignition process hand behaviour monitoring or by unit DCS automatic programme control.
If unit DCS (dcs) has enough standby I/O points, monitored by unit DCS, but the control cables consumption can be more.
The furnace flame image monitoring adopts the digital camera head with USB interface, uses hard disk recording after adding time tag, has the function of recollecting; Adopt the wireless router transmitted signal.The furnace flame image is the whether successful switching value signal of exportable burner pulverized coal ignition after software identification.
Claims (10)
1. a natural gas fired system of being furnished with intelligent roller type medium-speed pulverizer, is characterized in that: comprise intelligent roller type medium-speed pulverizer, empty mill pre-warm subsystem, natural gas, supercharging air premix and assignment subsystem, general burner, general burner PLC, unit DCS, the natural gas air Mixture is easy to distribute, is easy to control, is easy to igniting, caloric value is high, by nominal output, the boiler type of coal burning boiler of power station, use the difference of coal, the preheating of many cover natural gases is housed on start-up burner and wind pipeline of part thereof, ignition module forms general burner, general burner design is lighted the low concentration fine breeze, under this coal powder density, without Secondary Air, participates in, and coal dust after-flame substantially in general burner, and suitable excess air coefficient is arranged, general burner during boiler startup for the intensification of coal dust, ignite, burning, after-flame provide necessary time, space, oxygen amount, temperature and enough large igniting thermal powers, control coal powder density and can control the hot flue-gas temperature of general burner outlet and be no more than 800 ℃, in the boiler startup process, the heat that the heat that the coal dust that ignited produces and combustion of natural gas produce makes the rising of booting gradually of each position temperature of general burner, fire box temperature, a wind-warm syndrome, after fire box temperature reaches 600 ℃, one time wind-warm syndrome and reaches 150 ℃, the starting pressure fan, progressively increase coal-supplying amount, progressively improves coal powder density, and the igniting of coal dust, burning, after-flame process are progressively transferred to burner hearth by general burner, all transfer to burner hearth when the igniting of coal dust, burning, after-flame process, when forming the burner of general burner and wind pipeline of part thereof and being returned to the temperature levels of normal operation, the boiler startup process completes, throwing at each natural gas preheating, ignition module during boiler startup is parked under general burner PLC control, the general burner of preheating, coal dust ignites, stablize the combustion process of coal dust in general burner, the temperature that maintains each position of general burner is in target area separately, and is smoothly transitted into normal operating condition, when boiler at low load or ature of coal worsen, pointwise come into operation natural gas preheating, ignition module, the natural gas fired system possesses the burner stable combustion function of single burner/in groups, can effectively reduce not throw the steady combustion of oil and load, utilize the coal-fired empty mill of smoke discharging residual heat pre-warm that boiler/combustion gas starts boiler that starts, according to Coal rank pre-warm to 100 ℃-180 ℃, adopt the cold wind of this stove/adjacent stove heat primary air to start the intelligent roller type medium-speed pulverizer powder process through preheating, temperature sensor on general burner, burner noz(zle) start and stop magnetic valve, sparker, the inverse signal of sparker, the I/O signal relevant with multiple spot preheating and ignition process such as high-energy igniter all is subject to this general burner PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) monitoring, between each general burner PLC and unit DCS, by communication port, linked, each general burner PLC is monitored by the built-in igniting expert system of unit DCS, in the operator station of unit DCS, the operator inputs the characteristic of coal dust by human-computer dialogue, as low heat valve, ash content, volatile matter, moisture, fineness of pulverized coal, t
1, t
2, t
3the built-in igniting expert system of unit DCS timesharing automatically arranges temperature, the primary air velocity of airduct of each section and burner, the desired value zone of coal powder density, and the operator can select to the multiple spot preheating of whole coal burning boiler of power station and ignition process hand behaviour monitoring or by unit DCS automatic programme control, burner hearth is provided with the furnace flame image monitoring, be equipped with natural gas preheating, ignition module on the turbulent burner of each non-ignition layer.
2. natural gas fired system of being furnished with intelligent roller type medium-speed pulverizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described intelligent roller type medium-speed pulverizer is in operation, and grinding pressure is adjustable, speed of grinding plate is adjustable, swivel nozzle available ventilation area is adjustable, fineness of pulverized coal is adjustable, can be in 3% to 100% scope the exerting oneself of meticulous adjusting coal pulverizer.
3. natural gas fired system of being furnished with intelligent roller type medium-speed pulverizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described empty mill pre-warm subsystem is before intelligent roller type medium-speed pulverizer advances coal, hydraulic mechanism lifts grinding roller, mill low speed jiggering, start the stove cigarette of stove/adjacent stove hot blast with the coal-fired stove cigarette that starts stove/combustion gas and slowly heat the accumulation of heat of empty mill.
4. natural gas fired system of being furnished with intelligent roller type medium-speed pulverizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described natural gas, supercharging air premix and assignment subsystem are by the female pipe of natural gas supply, ball valve, natural gas variable boosting machine, natural gas variable boosting machine drive motors, natural gas variable boosting machine variable-frequency power sources, turn-off non-return valve, the air intake filter device, the air delta supercharger, air delta supercharger drive motors, air delta supercharger variable-frequency power sources, natural gas air pre-mixing device, natural gas air pre-mixing device outlet spark arrester, natural gas variable boosting machine outlet spark arrester, air delta supercharger outlet spark arrester, natural gas supercharging air premix is controlled computer, the female pipe in stokehold, branch's spark arrester, natural gas variable boosting machine inlet pressure transmitter, natural gas air pre-mixing device pressure transmitter forms, natural gas, supercharging air premix and the every stove of assignment subsystem are a set of.
5. natural gas fired system of being furnished with intelligent roller type medium-speed pulverizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: air delta supercharger and natural gas variable boosting machine are the oil free screw compressor of variable speed, solid-state sealing, and exerting oneself of air delta supercharger is about 10 times that same rotating speed natural gas variable boosting machine is exerted oneself.
6. natural gas fired system of being furnished with intelligent roller type medium-speed pulverizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: natural gas air pre-mixing device is a post conical shell, air enters an annular header, by the radial centripetal multiinjector, injected, natural gas is injected by axial multiinjector, the natural gas air gas mixture is by truncated cone Base top contact, and the casing rigidity of natural gas air pre-mixing device is enough to bear the detonation pressure of natural gas air gas mixture and does not destroy; Be provided with natural gas air pre-mixing device pressure transmitter on natural gas air pre-mixing device, when the natural gas that enters natural gas air pre-mixing device and air volume flow sum are greater than the natural gas air gas mixture volume flow of outflow, natural gas air pre-mixing device pressure rise, otherwise, natural gas air pre-mixing device pressure drop.
7. natural gas fired system of being furnished with intelligent roller type medium-speed pulverizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: natural gas air pre-mixing device pressure transmitter and natural gas variable boosting machine inlet pressure transmitter all are subject to natural gas supercharging air premix to control computer monitoring, when natural gas air pre-mixing device pressure raises, natural gas supercharging air premix control computer instruction air delta supercharger reduces output frequency by variable-frequency power sources, air delta supercharger drive motors rotating speed descends, when natural gas air pre-mixing device pressure is elevated to 0.2MPa, air delta supercharger drive motors rotating speed drops to 0, when natural gas air pre-mixing device pressure drop during to 0.15MPa rotating speed be elevated to maximum, natural gas now, exerting oneself of supercharging air premix and assignment subsystem also reaches maximum, should be slightly higher than the natural gas air pre-mixing gas maximum needed in station boiler ignition process, in whole station boiler ignition trigger process, supercharging premix amount and consumption keep dynamic equilibrium automatically.
8. natural gas fired system of being furnished with intelligent roller type medium-speed pulverizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: air delta supercharger drive motors and natural gas variable boosting machine drive motors all carry speed probe, natural gas supercharging air premix is controlled computer can calculate the volume flow under the standard air state that the air delta supercharger is pressed into natural gas air pre-mixing device, volume flow the instruction natural gas variable boosting machine drive motors that further can extrapolate under the Natural gas standard state that need to be pressed into natural gas air pre-mixing device reach the rotating speed needed, can show the instant flow of natural gas and air, the integrated flow of natural gas on the man-machine interface of natural gas supercharging air premix control computer.
9. natural gas fired system of being furnished with intelligent roller type medium-speed pulverizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described general burner can retain original low-NOx combustor aerodynamics feature invariant, without integral replacing, be amplification step by step, the igniting DC burner of fractional combustion; A wind passage of burner and some position of a wind pipeline are used exotic material instead as Cr28Ni20MoW, at least can be 800 ℃ of long-term safety work.
10. natural gas fired system of being furnished with intelligent roller type medium-speed pulverizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described low concentration fine breeze has different coal powder density desired values to the coal of different calorific values, roughly 0.08 to 0.2kg/kg, be no more than 800 ℃ for controlling the high-order bit of general burner temperature, coal powder density sometimes can also be lower than 0.08kg/kg; The morning of boiler startup, mid-term, fineness of pulverized coal R90 was controlled at 5% to 10%.
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| CN107327832A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-11-07 | 上海发电设备成套设计研究院 | The ultra-low load steady for improving boiler combustion characteristic for fired power generating unit fires system |
| CN108278906A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-07-13 | 上海曙佳科技发展有限公司 | Suitable for the optimal control method under the conditions of recuperative heater low load combustion |
| CN112354672A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-02-12 | 内蒙古京能康巴什热电有限公司 | Control method for output of coal mill in ignition process of boiler |
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