CN103175215B - Is furnished with the natural gas ignition system for coal burning boiler in generating plant of a low speed mill - Google Patents
Is furnished with the natural gas ignition system for coal burning boiler in generating plant of a low speed mill Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The coal-burning boiler natural gas fired system that the present invention is furnished with low speed mill relates to a kind of non-oil ignition system of coal burning boiler of power station, adopts natural gas straight contact combustion low concentration fine breeze; The present invention includes a low speed mill, empty mill pre-warm subsystem, natural gas, supercharging air premix and assignment subsystem, general burner, general burner PLC, unit DCS; General burner during boiler startup for the intensification of coal dust, ignite, burn, after-flame provides necessary time, space, oxygen amount, temperature and enough large igniting thermal power; A low speed double inlet and outlet coal mill can exerting oneself of meticulous adjustment coal pulverizer make boiler flow field between the starting period mate with inter-boiler process well in 0% to 100% scope; The present invention is applicable to the coal-powder boiler using bituminous coal, low moisture brown coal or meager coal, burn-off rate is high, fuel-economizing, energy-conservation, low operating cost, low maintenance cost, low capital expenditure, realize coal burning boiler of power station complete, non-oil ignition completely.
Description
(1) technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of non-oil ignition system of coal burning boiler of power station.The coal-burning boiler natural gas fired system that the present invention is furnished with a low speed mill adopts natural gas straight contact burning coal powder, is a kind of non-oil ignition system of the new power plant coal-burning boiler different from plasma ignition system principle.
(2) background technology:
The non-oil ignition system of the coal burning boiler of power station of prior art is plasma ignition system, this ignition system utilizes the pure air of certain pressure for medium, under the effect of DC current, the contact starting the arc also obtains the directed flow air plasma of firm power under high-intensity magnetic field controls, this plasma forms localized hyperthermia in burner, when coal dust by time rapid firing coal-dust spray into burner hearth.Plasma ignition system has achieved non-oil ignition or the few-oil ignition of coal-burning boiler in numerous power station, save great amount of fuel oil, but have its limitation:
* invest huge, investment is roughly linear with the thermal power of the burner number need lighted with plasma, plasma;
* negative electrode condition of work is severe, and working life only has 200 hours or shorter, and maintenance workload is large;
* a bituminous coal that combustible basis fugitive constituent is greater than 20% is generally only applicable to;
* burning-point meager coal, high water content brown coal difficulty, substantially do not have low-load combustion-stabilizing function, most power station remains fuel ignition combustion-supporting system;
* there is no the record that burning-point uses anthracitic W shape flame boiler;
* need by original low-NOx combustor integral replacing for amplify step by step, the igniting DC burner of fractional combustion, have significant adverse to affect on the low NOx performance of original low-NOx combustor and after-flame performance;
* in ignition process, coal dust burn-off rate is low, and the fly ash combustible material that black furnace is lighted a fire in initial 2 hours reaches 20% or higher;
* plasma burning-point to as if high concentration pulverized coal, fuel quantity poor controllability in boiler startup process, boiler flow field mates difficulty with inter-boiler process;
* to the large-sized station boiler adopting turbulent burner, generally will retain conventional oil-firing system at non-plasma ignition layer, during boiler at low load, adjacent bed burner is lighted a fire mutually, and detonation is very risky;
* thermal power of lighting a fire is low, and energy conversion link is many, and the heat of coal is first converted into electricity, efficiency 40%, and electricity is converted into heat with electrical arc, efficiency 70%, and integrated heat efficiency is low, only has 28%.
(3) summary of the invention and embodiment:
Technical problem to be solved:
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of coal-burning boiler natural gas fired system of being furnished with a low speed mill and use natural gas straight contact combustion low concentration fine breeze, realize coal burning boiler of power station dry starting; When boiler at low load, natural gas possesses and surely fires function, can effectively reduce not throw oil and surely fire load; The present invention is applicable to the coal-powder boiler using bituminous coal, low moisture brown coal or meager coal, can cancel fuel oil tank field, oil-firing pump house, Fuel Delivery System, tank farm fire-fighting system, stokehold fuel system etc., save a large amount of capital expenditure to newly-built coal-burning power plant.
The present invention effectively overcomes many limitation of plasma ignition system, realize coal burning boiler of power station complete, non-oil ignition completely.
The present invention has the feature of fuel-economizing, energy-conservation, reduction of discharging, environmental protection, low operating cost, low capital expenditure.
The present invention is energy-conservation with a new generation, water saving, combining without the direct current furnace starting system (patent of invention 201110029039.2 can reclaim working medium and heat join the direct current furnace starting system that middle companding container can reclaim working medium heat without pump direct current furnace starting system patent of invention 201110146964.3) of iron pollution comprehensively comprehensively can make supercritical parameter coal unit possess practical to open, stops peak modulation capacity, and not only effectively the carbon emission total amount of reduction coal electricity is also the wind-powered electricity generation of low-carbon emission, nuclear power expanded the space entering electrical network.
Solve the technical scheme that its technical problem adopts:
The natural gas ignition system for coal burning boiler in generating plant that the present invention is furnished with low speed mill comprises a low speed mill, empty mill pre-warm subsystem, natural gas and supercharging air premix and assignment subsystem, general burner, general burner PLC, unit DCS, natural gas air Mixture is easy to distribute, be easy to control, be easy to igniting, caloric value is high, by the nominal output of coal burning boiler of power station, boiler type, use the difference of coal, start-up burner and part First air pipeline thereof are equipped with the preheating of many cover natural gases, ignition module forms general burner, general burner design lights low concentration fine breeze, participates under this coal powder density without the need to Secondary Air, and coal dust can after-flame substantially in general burner, and has suitable excess air coefficient, general burner during boiler startup for the intensification of coal dust, ignite, burn, after-flame provides necessary time, space, oxygen amount, temperature and enough large igniting thermal power, control the heat smoke temperature that coal powder density can control general burner outlet and be no more than 800 DEG C, in boiler startup process, the heat produced by the coal dust that ignites and combustion of natural gas produce heat makes each spot temperature of general burner, fire box temperature, a wind-warm syndrome boots rising gradually, reach after 600 DEG C, one time wind-warm syndrome reaches 150 DEG C in fire box temperature, start pressure fan, progressively increase coal-supplying amount, progressively improve coal powder density, the igniting of coal dust, burn, burnout progressively transfers to burner hearth by general burner, when the igniting of coal dust, burn, burnout all transfers to burner hearth, form the burner of general burner and part First air pipeline thereof when being returned to the normal temperature levels run, boiler startup process completes, under during boiler startup, the throwing of each natural gas preheating, ignition module is parked in general burner PLC control, the general burner of preheating, ignite coal dust, stablize the combustion process of coal dust in general burner, maintain the temperature at each position of general burner in respective target area, and be smoothly transitted into normal operating condition, when boiler at low load or ature of coal worsen, pointwise comes into operation natural gas preheating, ignition module, and natural gas fired system possesses single burner/burner stable combustion function in groups, can effectively reduce not throw oil and surely fire load, utilize the smoke discharging residual heat pre-warm sky mill of coal-fired starting trouble/combustion gas starting trouble, according to Coal rank pre-warm to 100 DEG C-180 DEG C, adopt the cold First air of this stove/adjacent stove heat primary air startup through a low speed powder-grinding of preheating, temperature sensor on general burner, burner noz(zle) start and stop magnetic valve, sparker, the inverse signal of sparker, the high-energy igniter I/O signal relevant with multiple spot preheating and ignition process is all monitored by this general burner PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), be connected by communication port between each general burner PLC and unit DCS, each general burner PLC monitors by the igniting expert system that unit DCS is built-in, in the operator station of unit DCS, operator is by the characteristic of human-computer dialogue input coal dust, as low heat valve, ash content, volatile matter, moisture, fineness of pulverized coal, DT, ST, FT, the built-in igniting expert system of unit DCS timesharing can arrange the temperature of each section of primary air piping and burner automatically, primary air velocity, the desired value region of coal powder density, operator can select to the multiple spot preheating of whole coal burning boiler of power station and ignition process hand behaviour monitoring or by unit DCS automatic programme control, burner hearth is provided with furnace flame image monitoring, the turbulent burner of each non-dots fire bed is equipped with natural gas preheating, ignition module.
A low speed mill is the abbreviation of the double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill of a low speed; Double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill is connected with ignition layer burner, double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill can in 0 to 100% scope meticulous adjustment Coal-fired capacity, this double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill is furnished with sound state separator, and can be in operation adjustment fineness of pulverized coal easily; Double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill support point fire bed burner drops into one by one, for better controlling the increasing temperature and pressure speed of coal burning boiler of power station, improves ignition success rate, improves burn-off rate peace slip control coal powder density, the fineness of Initial Stage after Ignition, creates good condition.
Empty mill pre-warm subsystem grinds before coal at a low speed, low speed jiggering, and the stove cigarette/adjacent stove hot blast starting stove cigarette/combustion gas startup stove of stove with fire coal slowly heats the accumulation of heat of empty mill.
Natural gas and supercharging air premix and assignment subsystem are managed by natural gas supply mother, ball valve, natural gas variable boosting machine, natural gas variable boosting machine drive motors, natural gas variable boosting machine variable-frequency power sources, turn off non-return valve, air intake filter device, air delta supercharger, air delta supercharger drive motors, air delta supercharger variable-frequency power sources, natural gas air pre-mixing device, natural gas air pre-mixing device outlet spark arrester, natural gas variable boosting machine outlet spark arrester, air delta supercharger outlet spark arrester, natural gas supercharging air premix computer for controlling, stokehold mother's pipe, branch's spark arrester, natural gas variable boosting machine inlet pressure transmitter, natural gas air pre-mixing device pressure transmitter forms, natural gas and supercharging air premix and the every stove of assignment subsystem a set of.
Natural gas preheating, ignition module comprise combustion of natural gas nozzle, sparker, high-energy igniter, spark arrester, gas discharge control short tube, burner noz(zle) start and stop magnetic valve group; Combustion of natural gas nozzle, according to the difference of installation position and purposes, can be divided into long flame type, short-flame type, tangential type, flute type cast, class flute type cast, conical surface flame type; Combustion of natural gas nozzle can be divided into high temperature modification and low form according to the difference of working position temperature; The Fast Wearing of breeze airflow should be able to be resisted, be avoided to the structure of combustion of natural gas nozzle, shape, material, installation position; The structure of combustion of natural gas nozzle, shape should be able to avoid coal dust between natural gas lay-off period to enter nozzle, plug nozzle in a large number; Natural gas air Mixture flows through the flow velocity of combustion of natural gas nozzle should quite higher than the tempering speed (5.5m/s) of natural gas.
The natural gas ignition system for coal burning boiler in generating plant that the present invention is furnished with low speed mill provides a kind of non-oil ignition system of coal burning boiler of power station.The beneficial effect of the invention:
● be applicable to the coal-powder boiler using bituminous coal, low moisture brown coal or meager coal;
● be applicable to the coal-powder boiler of the multiple type of furnaces such as opposed firing, quadrangle tangential circle, the anistree circle of contact, the wall-circle of contact;
● each turbulent burner of the opposed firing burning type of furnace is all furnished with natural gas preheating, ignition module, without the need to retaining stokehold fuel system;
● be applicable to the coal-powder boiler that adapted N platform medium-speed pulverizer adds a low speed mill, with low speed mill for starting mill;
● low speed grinding tool has in short-term significantly overload capacity, can obtain splendid washing pipe effect with a low speed mill washing pipe;
● a low speed mill can maintain boiler and stablize underrun, and station service is lower than 2 medium-speed pulverizers;
● coal-powder boiler can drop into electric precipitation between burn period, good environmental protection;
● burn-off rate is high, fuel-economizing, energy-conservation, low operating cost, low maintenance cost, low capital expenditure;
● fuel oil tank field, tank farm fire-fighting system, oil-firing pump house, Fuel Delivery System, stokehold fuel system can be cancelled to newly-built coal-burning power plant, a large amount of capital expenditure and construction land can be saved;
● natural gas is easy to distribute, be easy to control, be easy to igniting, on each start-up burner and part First air pipeline thereof, the preheating of convenient installing many covers natural gas, ignition module form general burner, and general burner is coal dust heats up, ignites, burns, after-flame provides necessity time, space, oxygen amount, temperature and enough large igniting thermal power during boiler startup;
● retain original low-NOx combustor aerodynamics feature invariant, low NOx performance is constant, without the need to integral replacing for amplify step by step, and the start-up burner of fractional combustion;
● Initial Stage after Ignition adopts the combustion system of low coal powder density oxygen enrichment, participates under this coal powder density without the need to Secondary Air, and coal dust just can after-flame in general burner;
● only drive primary air fan do not open pressure fan in morning of boiler startup, mid-term;
● in boiler startup process, fuel quantity controllability is good, and boiler flow field mates with inter-boiler process well;
● multiple spot, in advance, appropriate, in good time, controlled preheating, sparking mode use, bituminous coal, low moisture brown coal or meager coal can be lighted under the prerequisite ensureing general burner safety, and obtain high burn-off rate;
● when boiler at low load, natural gas possesses and surely fires function, effectively can reduce boiler and not throw oil and surely fire load;
● multiple spot preheating and ignition process are all monitored by general burner PLC, and each general burner PLC is connected by communication port with between unit DCS, and general burner PLC monitors by the igniting expert system that unit DCS is built-in;
● in the operator station of unit DCS, operator is by the characteristic of human-computer dialogue input coal dust, as the parameter such as low heat valve, ash, fugitive constituent, moisture content, fineness of pulverized coal, DT, ST, FT, the built-in igniting expert system of unit DCS can the desired value of Lookup protocol each section of primary air piping, and operator can select to the whole multiple spot preheating of each burner of whole natural gas ignition system for coal burning boiler in generating plant and ignition process hand behaviour monitoring or by unit DCS automatic programme control;
● furnace flame monitors the digital camera head adopting band USB interface, add time tag, Industrial PC Computer hard disk recording, has and recollects function, adopt wireless router to send signal, whether successfully furnace flame image after software identification exportable burner pulverized coal ignition on-off model;
● igniting thermal power is high, and the cold start of integrated heat efficiency Gao Keda more than 95%, 1000MW level coal-burning boiler once, consumes natural gas and is no more than 1000Nm
3.
(4) accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is the general burner using bituminous coal, low moisture brown coal or meager coal.
The fine rule of the preheating of connection natural gas, ignition module (4) end is expressed as class flute type cast nozzle.
In order to avoid when boiler normally runs, coal dust enters class flute type cast nozzle in a large number and not easily blows out, class flute type cast nozzle is not arranged in the bottom of short tube (3).
Fig. 2 is natural gas and supercharging air premix and assignment subsystem.
On line between natural gas variable boosting machine (10) and natural gas variable boosting machine drive motors (12) represents mechanical attachment relation.
On line between Booster air compressor (16) and air delta supercharger drive motors (18) represents mechanical attachment relation.
Natural gas variable boosting machine drive motors (12) and the chain-dotted line of natural gas variable boosting machine between variable-frequency power sources (19) represent electric connecting relation.
Air delta supercharger drive motors (18) and the chain-dotted line of air delta supercharger between variable-frequency power sources (20) represent electric connecting relation.
The chain-dotted line of natural gas variable boosting machine between variable-frequency power sources (19) and natural gas supercharging air premix computer for controlling (21) represents control signal connecting relation.
The chain-dotted line of air delta supercharger between variable-frequency power sources (20) and natural gas supercharging air premix computer for controlling (21) represents control signal connecting relation.
Natural gas variable boosting machine inlet pressure transmitter (22), control signal connecting relation between natural gas air pre-mixing device pressure transmitter (23) and natural gas supercharging air premix computer for controlling (21) do not give expression, to avoid drawing too numerous and diverse.
In FIG:
1 burner, 2 joints,
3 short tubes, 4 natural gas preheatings, ignition module,
5 elbows.
In fig. 2:
The female pipe of 6 natural gas supplies, 7 ball valves,
8 branch's spark arresters, 9 stokehold mother's pipes,
10 natural gas variable boosting machines, 11 natural gas variable boosting machine outlet spark arresters,
12 natural gas variable boosting machine drive motors, 13 premixed devices,
14 shutoff non-return valves, 15 air intake filter devices,
16 Booster air compressor, 17 air delta supercharger outlet spark arresters,
18 air delta supercharger drive motors, 19 natural gas variable boosting machine variable-frequency power sources,
20 air delta supercharger variable-frequency power sources, 21 natural gas supercharging air premix computer for controlling,
22 natural gas variable boosting machine inlet pressure transmitters, 23 natural gas air pre-mixing device pressure transmitters,
24 natural gas air pre-mixing device outlet spark arresters.
(5) detailed description of the invention:
The natural gas ignition system for coal burning boiler in generating plant that the present invention is furnished with low speed mill comprises a low speed mill, empty mill pre-warm subsystem, natural gas and supercharging air premix and assignment subsystem, general burner, general burner PLC, unit DCS, natural gas air Mixture is easy to distribute, be easy to control, be easy to igniting, caloric value is high, by the nominal output of coal burning boiler of power station, boiler type, use the difference of coal, start-up burner and part First air pipeline thereof are equipped with the preheating of many cover natural gases, ignition module forms general burner, general burner design lights low concentration fine breeze, participates under this coal powder density without the need to Secondary Air, and coal dust can after-flame substantially in general burner, and has suitable excess air coefficient, general burner during boiler startup for the intensification of coal dust, ignite, burn, after-flame provides necessary time, space, oxygen amount, temperature and enough large igniting thermal power, control the heat smoke temperature that coal powder density can control general burner outlet and be no more than 800 DEG C, in boiler startup process, the heat produced by the coal dust that ignites and combustion of natural gas produce heat makes each spot temperature of general burner, fire box temperature, a wind-warm syndrome boots rising gradually, reach after 600 DEG C, one time wind-warm syndrome reaches 150 DEG C in fire box temperature, start pressure fan, progressively increase coal-supplying amount, progressively improve coal powder density, the igniting of coal dust, burn, burnout progressively transfers to burner hearth by general burner, when the igniting of coal dust, burn, burnout all transfers to burner hearth, form the burner of general burner and part First air pipeline thereof when being returned to the normal temperature levels run, boiler startup process completes, under during boiler startup, the throwing of each natural gas preheating, ignition module is parked in general burner PLC control, the general burner of preheating, ignite coal dust, stablize the combustion process of coal dust in general burner, maintain the temperature at each position of general burner in respective target area, and be smoothly transitted into normal operating condition, when boiler at low load or ature of coal worsen, pointwise comes into operation natural gas preheating, ignition module, and natural gas fired system possesses single burner/burner stable combustion function in groups, can effectively reduce not throw oil and surely fire load, utilize the smoke discharging residual heat pre-warm sky mill of coal-fired starting trouble/combustion gas starting trouble, according to Coal rank pre-warm to 100 DEG C-180 DEG C, adopt the cold First air of this stove/adjacent stove heat primary air startup through a low speed powder-grinding of preheating, temperature sensor on general burner, burner noz(zle) start and stop magnetic valve, sparker, the inverse signal of sparker, the high-energy igniter I/O signal relevant with multiple spot preheating and ignition process is all monitored by this general burner PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), be connected by communication port between each general burner PLC and unit DCS, each general burner PLC monitors by the igniting expert system that unit DCS is built-in, in the operator station of unit DCS, operator is by the characteristic of human-computer dialogue input coal dust, as low heat valve, ash content, volatile matter, moisture, fineness of pulverized coal, DT, ST, FT, the built-in igniting expert system of unit DCS timesharing can arrange the temperature of each section of primary air piping and burner automatically, primary air velocity, the desired value region of coal powder density, operator can select to the multiple spot preheating of whole coal burning boiler of power station and ignition process hand behaviour monitoring or by unit DCS automatic programme control, burner hearth is provided with furnace flame image monitoring, the turbulent burner of each non-dots fire bed is equipped with natural gas preheating, ignition module.
Natural gas and supercharging air premix and assignment subsystem are see Fig. 2.
Natural gas main component is CH4, and calorific value is up to 41.8MJ/Nm
3, often burn 1Nm
3natural gas approximately needs 10Nm
3air, air capacity deficiency can produce yellow flame, over-emitting black exhaust time serious.In order to make natural gas good, stable in the space with pressure combustion of a relative closure, must by natural gas and appropriate air supercharging premix in advance.
Natural gas and supercharging air premix and assignment subsystem are managed by natural gas supply mother, ball valve, natural gas variable boosting machine, natural gas variable boosting machine drive motors, natural gas variable boosting machine variable-frequency power sources, turn off non-return valve, air intake filter device, air delta supercharger, air delta supercharger drive motors, air delta supercharger variable-frequency power sources, natural gas air pre-mixing device, natural gas air pre-mixing device outlet spark arrester, natural gas variable boosting machine outlet spark arrester, air delta supercharger outlet spark arrester, natural gas supercharging air premix computer for controlling, stokehold mother's pipe, branch's spark arrester, natural gas variable boosting machine inlet pressure transmitter, natural gas air pre-mixing device pressure transmitter forms, natural gas and supercharging air premix and the every stove of assignment subsystem a set of.
Air delta supercharger and natural gas variable boosting machine are the oil free screw compressor of variable speed, solid-state sealing, and the exerting oneself of air delta supercharger is about 10 times that same rotating speed exerts oneself.
Air enters the entrance of air delta supercharger through air intake filter device, and the air after supercharging enters natural gas air pre-mixing device through shutoff non-return valve, air delta supercharger outlet spark arrester; Natural gas via ball valve in the female pipe of natural gas supply enters the entrance of natural gas variable boosting machine, and the natural gas via after supercharging turns off non-return valve, natural gas variable boosting machine outlet spark arrester enters natural gas air pre-mixing device; Natural gas, the air gas mixture of the outlet of natural gas air pre-mixing device send into stokehold mother's pipe through shutoff non-return valve, natural gas air pre-mixing device outlet spark arrester, and extremely the arm of each burner is all furnished with branch's spark arrester and ball valve.
Natural gas air pre-mixing device is provided with natural gas air pre-mixing device pressure transmitter, when the natural gas and volumetric air flow rates sum that enter natural gas air pre-mixing device are greater than the natural gas air gas mixture volume flow of outflow, natural gas air pre-mixing device pressure increase, otherwise, natural gas air pre-mixing device pressure drop, natural gas air pre-mixing device pressure transmitter and natural gas variable boosting machine inlet pressure transmitter are all by natural gas supercharging air premix controlling calculation machine monitoring, when natural gas air pre-mixing device pressure raises, natural gas supercharging air premix computer for controlling instructed air variable boosting machine variable-frequency power sources reduces output frequency, air delta supercharger drive motors rotating speed declines, when natural gas air pre-mixing device pressure is elevated to 0.2MPa (adjustable), air delta supercharger drive motors rotating speed drops to 0, when natural gas air pre-mixing device pressure drop is elevated to maximum to rotating speed time 0.15MPa (adjustable), now natural gas and supercharging air premix and exerting oneself of assignment subsystem also reach maximum, should be slightly higher than the natural gas air pre-mixing gas maximum needed in station boiler ignition process, in whole station boiler ignition trigger process, supercharging premix amount and consumption keep dynamic equilibrium automatically.
Air delta supercharger drive motors and natural gas variable boosting machine drive motors all carry speed probe, natural gas supercharging air premix computer for controlling can calculate the volume flow under the standard air state of air delta supercharger press-in natural gas air pre-mixing device, and can extrapolate further needs to be pressed into volume flow under the Natural gas standard state of natural gas air pre-mixing device and instruction natural gas variable boosting machine drive motors reaches the rotating speed of needs; The man-machine interface of natural gas supercharging air premix computer for controlling can show the instant flow of natural gas and air, the integrated flow of natural gas.
Natural gas variable boosting machine inlet pressure transmitter is equiped with for revising pressure oscillation in the female pipe of natural gas supply to the impact of the volume flow under Natural gas standard state in the import of natural gas variable boosting machine; This subsystem Gas Exploitation low pressure air feed, normal natural gas supply pressure is 2kPa to 4kPa, adopts the advantage of low pressure air feed to be that system controllability and measurability is good, security is good, easily to measure; Appendix (0.4MPa to 1.6MPa) is pressed to deliver near station boiler if station boiler leaves during natural gas supply central station far can be used, with delivering to natural gas supply mother pipe after voltage regulating station step-down; Longer middle pressure appendix can play the effect providing peak natural gas flow.
Inflammable and explosive after natural gas and supercharging air premix, book Operation system setting 3 grades of spark arresters, 2 grades turn off non-return valves to ensure safety; The spark arrester of this subsystem is used to the safety device stoping natural gas tempering, it by a kind of can by gas, the solid material (back-fire relief element) with many thin channel or gap and import and export connector formed, after flame enters spark arrester, many tiny flame flow are divided into by back-fire relief element, due to heat transfer effect (gas is cooled) and wall effect, flame flow quencher; This subsystem adopts stainless steel back-fire relief element; Branch's spark arrester (14) is a kind of welded type spark arrester using powder metallurgical stainless steel only fiery element, can repeatedly back-fire relief continuously.
Natural gas air pre-mixing device is a post conical shell, and air enters a ring header, is injected by radial centripetal multiinjector; Natural gas is injected by axial multiinjector; Natural gas air gas mixture is by truncated cone Base top contact; The casing rigidity of natural gas air pre-mixing device is enough to bear the detonation pressure of natural gas air gas mixture and does not destroy.
Air delta supercharging variable-frequency power sources and natural gas variable boosting variable-frequency power sources are the variable-frequency power sources of band control interface, there is vector controlled characteristic, is furnished with cooling fan, 0 to 50Hz three-phase alternating current can be exported, match with the air delta supercharger drive motors and natural gas variable boosting machine drive motors that carry speed probe respectively, accept the instruction of natural gas supercharging air premix computer for controlling, accurately control the rotating speed of air delta supercharger and natural gas variable boosting machine.Air delta supercharging variable-frequency power sources and natural gas variable boosting variable-frequency power sources with rotating speed control interface can be analog quantity interface, as 4_20mA, 0_10V, also can be digital interface, as RS485, DeviceNet, Profibus-DP, Modbus, CAN, SIMOLINK or have 2 class interfaces simultaneously.
Natural gas variable boosting machine drive motors should meet every requirement of explosion proof, if air delta supercharger drive motors is arranged together with natural gas variable boosting machine drive motors, also should meet every requirement of explosion proof.
Natural gas supercharging air premix computer for controlling be one with the industrial computer of analog quantity/digital quantity I/O interface and communication interface, be furnished with the software realizing aforementioned every monitoring function; The repertoire of natural gas supercharging air premix computer for controlling also can realize in existing unit DCS (dcs) switch board of station boiler and DCS operator station.
Natural gas air gas mixture conveyance conduit, stokehold mother's pipe, each branch line all adopt seamless steel pipe, stainless steel; Whole pipeline is built on stilts to be arranged, multipoint earthing, and each point ground connection is good, avoids electrostatic to cause uncontrollable detonation; Pipeline connects employing welding; Natural gas has different latus rectum from ball valve in supercharging air premix and assignment subsystem at different parts, all uses the excellent switch of sealing property stainless steel ball valve flexibly, pneumatic or electronic, explosion-proof; Turn off non-return valve (20) and have non-return valve and shut-off valve function concurrently, stainless steel, pneumatic or electronic, explosion-proof; All pipelines and the bearing capacity of valve are all enough to bear the detonation pressure of natural gas air gas mixture and do not destroy.
Consider from security standpoint, natural gas and supercharging air premix and the every stove of assignment subsystem a set of.
The gaseous fuel that this subsystem uses can be pipe natural gas, LNG (liquefied natural gas) also can be shale gas, coal field gas, oil refining cracked gas, coke-oven gas, as long as there is sufficiently high calorific value (>=20MJ/Nm
3), source of the gas is stable just can be applied to station boiler igniting.
The present invention is furnished with to the natural gas ignition system for coal burning boiler in generating plant of a low speed mill, when using the lower gaseous fuel of calorific value as coal field gas, except the confidential coal field gas variable boosting machine just by name of natural gas variable boosting, exerting oneself of coal field gas variable boosting machine will quite be greater than beyond natural gas variable boosting machine, one of each subsystem or more than one technical characteristic all do not change, use shale gas, coal field gas, oil refining cracked gas, the direct firing coal-dust coal dust of coke-oven gas, realize coal burning boiler of power station dry starting and belong to the protection domain that patent of the present invention is furnished with the natural gas ignition system for coal burning boiler in generating plant of a low speed mill together.
Often cover natural gas preheating, ignition module comprise combustion of natural gas nozzle, sparker, high-energy igniter, spark arrester, gas discharge control short tube, burner noz(zle) start and stop magnetic valve group; Combustion of natural gas nozzle, according to the difference of installation position and purposes, can be divided into long flame type, short-flame type, tangential type, flute type cast, class flute type cast, conical surface flame type; Combustion of natural gas nozzle can be divided into high temperature modification and low form according to the difference of working position temperature; The Fast Wearing of breeze airflow should be able to be resisted, be avoided to the structure of combustion of natural gas nozzle, shape, material, installation position; The structure of combustion of natural gas nozzle, shape should be able to avoid coal dust between natural gas lay-off period to enter nozzle, plug nozzle in a large number; Natural gas air Mixture flows through the flow velocity of combustion of natural gas nozzle should quite higher than the tempering speed (5.5m/s) of natural gas; Combustion of natural gas nozzle can by above-mentioned main points design, adaptive use.
Sparker is the continuous sparker of a kind of small-power, its spark plug to be arranged near combustion of natural gas jet expansion vortex but not easily by position that coal dust weares and teares, namely drop into before burner noz(zle) start and stop magnetic valve is opened, just stop after burner noz(zle) start and stop closed electromagnetic valve, to guarantee combustion of natural gas reliable continuously without the need to arranging fire inspection; Sparker is thrown/is stopped and controls by general burner PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), and carries and throw/stop successful feedback signal; Sparker is generally used for lights the less natural gas preheating of thermal power, ignition module, the natural gas preheating that thermal power is larger, ignition module high-energy igniter are lighted, to guarantee can light natural gas air Mixture under high primary air velocity, a low wind-warm syndrome condition, firing coal-dust, real example coal dust is lighted separately to have image-type furnace flame to monitor; High-energy igniter is a kind of high power CW sparker; After the natural gas preheating that thermal power is larger, ignition module also can first light the preheating of small-power short-flame type natural gas, ignition module with sparker, secondary is lighted; The spark arrester of natural gas preheating, ignition module is a kind of welded type spark arrester using powder metallurgical stainless steel only fiery element, can repeatedly back-fire relief continuously; It can be straight channel that natural gas preheating, ignition module control short tube, also can be screw-shaped flow paths, for controlling the flow of natural gas preheating, ignition module, there is constant current effect, when primary air pressure and natural gas air Mixture pressure have change by a relatively large margin, gas discharge can keep stable, flow velocity in natural gas preheating, ignition module control short tube, quite higher than natural gas tempering speed, also has back-fire relief ability; For guaranteeing natural gas preheating, ignition module closedown tightly, 2 burner noz(zle) start and stop magnetic valves series connection use, stainless steel, solenoid sealed explosion-proof, F class B insulation, and have a power failure closedown.
Each natural gas preheating, ignition module are used as the preheating means of general burner before First air pipeline enters coal dust, the coal dust being particularly difficult to light for firing coal-dust prepares good temperature conditions, has various preheat temperature desired value to Coal rank, different wind-warm syndrome, the variant position of general burner.General burner is after suitable preheating, and the requirement of black furnace ignition process to a wind-warm syndrome reduces greatly, even can light a fire in advance with cold First air, allows a wind-warm syndrome boot in black furnace start-up course rising.
Use natural gas preheating, ignition module multiple spot, in advance, appropriate, in good time, controlled preheating, sparking mode can light bituminous coal, low moisture brown coal or meager coal, and obtain high burn-off rate under the prerequisite ensureing general burner safety.
Each burner and part First air pipeline thereof being equipped with multipoint temperature sensor, for monitoring multiple spot preheating and ignition process, not only having ensured that station boiler ignition trigger process steadily, continuously but also ensure each position of general burner all not overtemperatures, guaranteed safety.
The natural gas ignition system for coal burning boiler in generating plant that the present invention is furnished with a low speed mill can retain original low-NOx combustor aerodynamics feature invariant, without the need to integral replacing for amplify step by step, and the igniting DC burner of fractional combustion; The First air passage of burner and some position of First air pipeline use exotic material instead as Cr28Ni20MoW, at least can 800 DEG C of long-term safety work.
Low concentration fine breeze is lighted in the natural gas ignition system for coal burning boiler in generating plant design that the present invention is furnished with a low speed mill, participate in without the need to Secondary Air under this coal powder density, can after-flame substantially in the general burner that coal dust forms at some position by burner and First air pipeline, and have suitable excess air coefficient; Have different coal powder density desired values to the coal of different calorific value, roughly 0.08 to 0.2kg/kg, be no more than 800 DEG C for controlling general burner temperature highest portion position, coal powder density sometimes can also lower than 0.08kg/kg; Morning, the mid-term fineness of pulverized coal R90 of boiler startup controls 5% to 10%; Morning, the mid-term of boiler startup only drive primary air fan, in the boiler startup later stage, reach after 600 DEG C, one time wind-warm syndrome reaches 150 DEG C in fire box temperature, start pressure fan, progressively improve coal powder density, the igniting of coal dust, burn, burnout progressively transfers to burner hearth by general burner; When the igniting of coal dust, burn, burnout all transfers to burner hearth, form the burner of general burner and part First air pipeline thereof when being returned to the normal temperature levels run, boiler startup process completes.
The natural gas ignition system for coal burning boiler in generating plant that the present invention is furnished with a low speed mill has fabulous adaptive capacity to primary air velocity.Should adopt lower primary air velocity at Initial Stage after Ignition, 0.6VH (0.6 times of specified primary air velocity), easier firing coal-dust is also more easily applicable to the ignition of the boiler initial stage to the requirement of fuel quantity; To Coal rank, the adjusting range of primary air velocity in whole starting process is roughly at 0.6VH to 1.3VH, and because the ventilation pressure loss of low speed mill is little, between the starting period, First air has more adjustable residual head.
Initial stage low concentration fine breeze is leaving when burner enters burner hearth after-flame substantially, reach after 600 DEG C, one time wind-warm syndrome reaches 150 DEG C in fire box temperature, start pressure fan, progressively increase coal-supplying amount, wind is carried in increasing, progressively improve coal powder density, the igniting of coal dust, burn, burnout progressively transfers to burner hearth by general burner; When the igniting of coal dust, burn, burnout all transfers to burner hearth, form the burner of general burner and part First air pipeline thereof when being returned to the normal temperature levels run, boiler startup process completes; Control coal-supplying amount, control bypass wind and carry ratio, control primary air velocity, the preheating of control natural gas, the ignition module input position of wind and count, control natural gas otal investment, the temperature field in coal dust firing space can be controlled, reaching can available point burning coal powder, obtain the not slagging scorification again of high burn-off rate, do not burn out the target of any parts, meet the requirement that boiler flow field mates mutually with inter-boiler process simultaneously.
Should do thermal expansion check and the check of suspension bracket load to the First air pipeline that may work at relatively high temperatures, suitably increase stainless steel expansion joint, kill expansion joint or draw bad First air pipeline under avoiding duty, First air pipeline hoop should use exotic material.The insulation material of general burner should adopt resistant to elevated temperatures aluminium silicate wool felt.
Adopt single-point igniting or 2 igniting to high heating value bituminous coal, empty mill preheat temperature and primary air piping preheat temperature are generally no more than 130 DEG C, are strictly on guard against that coal dust detonation in primary air piping is out of control.
When boiler at low load or ature of coal severe exacerbation, pointwise comes into operation natural gas preheating, ignition module, natural gas fired system possesses single burner/burner stable combustion function in groups, effectively can reduce and not throw oil and surely fire load, the factor such as heat regenerative system, steam feed pump by steam turbine determines by the reasonable minimum load of generating set when the time comes, and can not be limited by boiler.
Use the general burner (Fig. 1) of bituminous coal, low moisture brown coal or meager coal
Burner body is not changed, and exotic material used instead by the joint and the short tube that expose large bellows portion; Elbow is if ability 800 DEG C of high temperature are then without the need to changing; Exotic material is used in the air channel that before elbow, 2m to 4m is long instead, still can normal ignition when declining in order to ignition coal volatile matter and/or caloric value; Arrange one section can the primary air piping of preheating start in order to cold First air, this section air channel is without the need to being replaced by exotic material; With can match by preheating primary air piping, be provided with the preheating of some cover natural gases, ignition module, adopt class flute type cast nozzle.Short tube after elbow is provided with the preheating of short-flame type large thermal power natural gas, ignition module.
The drying hot working fluid that the powder process of double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill black furnace needs is originated, and can adopt:
● adjacent stove hot blast, sent here by contact air channel, about 280 DEG C;
● the steam that coal-fired startup stove or adjacent machine come adds heat primary air through steam air heater, about can be heated to 150 DEG C;
● the coal-fired stove cigarette/combustion gas starting stove starts the stove cigarette of stove, about 160 DEG C, can be used for warm empty mill.
A low speed mill is the abbreviation of the double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill of a low speed; Double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill is connected with ignition layer burner, double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill can in 0 to 100% scope meticulous adjustment Coal-fired capacity, this double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill is furnished with sound state separator, and can be in operation adjustment fineness of pulverized coal easily; Double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill support point fire bed burner drops into one by one, for better controlling the increasing temperature and pressure speed of coal burning boiler of power station, improves ignition success rate, improves burn-off rate peace slip control coal powder density, the fineness of Initial Stage after Ignition, creates good condition.
Temperature sensor on burner and First air pipeline thereof, burner noz(zle) start and stop magnetic valve, sparker, the inverse signal of sparker, the high-energy igniter I/O signal relevant with multiple spot preheating and ignition process is all monitored by this general burner PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), each general burner PLC is connected by communication port with between unit DCS, and general burner PLC monitors by the igniting expert system that unit DCS is built-in; In the operator station of unit DCS, operator is by the characteristic of human-computer dialogue input coal dust, as low heat valve, ash content, volatile matter, moisture, fineness of pulverized coal, DT, ST, FT parameter, the built-in igniting expert system of unit DCS timesharing can arrange the desired value of the temperature province of each section of primary air piping, primary air velocity, coal powder density automatically; Operator can select to the multiple spot preheating of whole coal burning boiler of power station and ignition process hand behaviour monitoring or by unit DCS automatic programme control.
If unit DCS (dcs) has enough I/O points for subsequent use, also can directly monitor by unit DCS, but control cables consumption can be more.
Furnace flame image monitoring adopts the digital camera head of band USB interface, uses hard disk recording, have and recollect function after adding time tag; Wireless router is adopted to send signal.Whether successfully furnace flame image after software identification exportable burner pulverized coal ignition on-off model.
Claims (10)
1. be furnished with a coal-burning boiler natural gas fired system for low speed mill, it is characterized in that: comprise a low speed mill, empty mill pre-warm subsystem, natural gas and supercharging air premix and assignment subsystem, general burner, general burner PLC, unit DCS, natural gas air Mixture is easy to distribute, be easy to control, be easy to igniting, caloric value is high, by the nominal output of coal burning boiler of power station, boiler type, use the difference of coal, start-up burner and part First air pipeline thereof are equipped with the preheating of many cover natural gases, ignition module forms general burner, general burner design lights low concentration fine breeze, participates under this coal powder density without the need to Secondary Air, and coal dust can after-flame substantially in general burner, and has suitable excess air coefficient, general burner during boiler startup for the intensification of coal dust, ignite, burn, after-flame provides necessary time, space, oxygen amount, temperature and enough large igniting thermal power, control the heat smoke temperature that coal powder density can control general burner outlet and be no more than 800 DEG C, in boiler startup process, the heat produced by the coal dust that ignites and combustion of natural gas produce heat makes each spot temperature of general burner, fire box temperature, a wind-warm syndrome boots rising gradually, reach after 600 DEG C, one time wind-warm syndrome reaches 150 DEG C in fire box temperature, start pressure fan, progressively increase coal-supplying amount, progressively improve coal powder density, the igniting of coal dust, burn, burnout progressively transfers to burner hearth by general burner, when the igniting of coal dust, burn, burnout all transfers to burner hearth, form the burner of general burner and part First air pipeline thereof when being returned to the normal temperature levels run, boiler startup process completes, under during boiler startup, the throwing of each natural gas preheating, ignition module is parked in general burner PLC control, the general burner of preheating, ignite coal dust, stablize the combustion process of coal dust in general burner, maintain the temperature at each position of general burner in respective target area, and be smoothly transitted into normal operating condition, when boiler at low load or ature of coal worsen, pointwise comes into operation natural gas preheating, ignition module, and natural gas fired system possesses single burner/burner stable combustion function in groups, can effectively reduce not throw oil and surely fire load, utilize the smoke discharging residual heat pre-warm sky mill of coal-fired starting trouble/combustion gas starting trouble, according to Coal rank pre-warm to 100 DEG C-180 DEG C, adopt the cold First air of this stove/adjacent stove heat primary air startup through the low-speed coal mill powder process of preheating, temperature sensor on general burner, burner noz(zle) start and stop magnetic valve, sparker, the inverse signal of sparker, the high-energy igniter I/O signal relevant with multiple spot preheating and ignition process is all monitored by this general burner PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), be connected by communication port between each general burner PLC and unit DCS, each general burner PLC monitors by the igniting expert system that unit DCS is built-in, in the operator station of unit DCS, operator is by the characteristic of human-computer dialogue input coal dust, as low heat valve, ash content, volatile matter, moisture, fineness of pulverized coal, DT, ST, FT, the built-in igniting expert system of unit DCS timesharing can arrange the temperature of each section of primary air piping and burner automatically, primary air velocity, the desired value region of coal powder density, operator can select to the multiple spot preheating of whole coal burning boiler of power station and ignition process hand behaviour monitoring or by unit DCS automatic programme control, burner hearth is provided with furnace flame image monitoring, the turbulent burner of each non-dots fire bed is equipped with natural gas preheating, ignition module.
2. coal-burning boiler natural gas fired system of being furnished with a low speed mill according to claim 1, is characterized in that: a described low speed mill is the abbreviation of the double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill of a low speed; Double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill is connected with ignition layer burner, double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill can in 0 to 100% scope meticulous adjustment Coal-fired capacity, this double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill is furnished with sound state separator, and can be in operation adjustment fineness of pulverized coal easily; Double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill support point fire bed burner drops into one by one, for better controlling the increasing temperature and pressure speed of coal burning boiler of power station, improves ignition success rate, improves burn-off rate peace slip control coal powder density, the fineness of Initial Stage after Ignition, creates good condition.
3. coal-burning boiler natural gas fired system of being furnished with a low speed mill according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described sky mill pre-warm subsystem grinds before coal at a low speed, low speed jiggering, the stove cigarette/adjacent stove hot blast starting stove cigarette/combustion gas startup stove of stove with fire coal slowly heats the accumulation of heat of empty mill.
4. coal-burning boiler natural gas fired system of being furnished with a low speed mill according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described natural gas and supercharging air premix and assignment subsystem are managed by natural gas supply mother, ball valve, natural gas variable boosting machine, natural gas variable boosting machine drive motors, natural gas variable boosting machine variable-frequency power sources, turn off non-return valve, air intake filter device, air delta supercharger, air delta supercharger drive motors, air delta supercharger variable-frequency power sources, natural gas air pre-mixing device, natural gas air pre-mixing device outlet spark arrester, natural gas variable boosting machine outlet spark arrester, air delta supercharger outlet spark arrester, natural gas supercharging air premix computer for controlling, stokehold mother's pipe, branch's spark arrester, natural gas variable boosting machine inlet pressure transmitter, natural gas air pre-mixing device pressure transmitter forms, natural gas and supercharging air premix and the every stove of assignment subsystem a set of.
5. coal-burning boiler natural gas fired system of being furnished with a low speed mill according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: air delta supercharger and natural gas variable boosting machine are the oil free screw compressor of variable speed, solid-state sealing, the exerting oneself of air delta supercharger is about 10 times that same rotating speed natural gas variable boosting machine exerts oneself.
6. coal-burning boiler natural gas fired system of being furnished with a low speed mill according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: natural gas air pre-mixing device is a post conical shell, air enters a ring header, injected by radial centripetal multiinjector, natural gas is injected by axial multiinjector, natural gas air gas mixture is by truncated cone Base top contact, and the casing rigidity of natural gas air pre-mixing device is enough to bear the detonation pressure of natural gas air gas mixture and does not destroy; Natural gas air pre-mixing device is provided with natural gas air pre-mixing device pressure transmitter, when the natural gas and volumetric air flow rates sum that enter natural gas air pre-mixing device are greater than the natural gas air gas mixture volume flow of outflow, natural gas air pre-mixing device pressure increase, otherwise, natural gas air pre-mixing device pressure drop.
7. coal-burning boiler natural gas fired system of being furnished with a low speed mill according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: natural gas air pre-mixing device pressure transmitter and natural gas variable boosting machine inlet pressure transmitter are all by natural gas supercharging air premix controlling calculation machine monitoring, when natural gas air pre-mixing device pressure raises, natural gas supercharging air premix computer for controlling instructed air variable boosting machine variable-frequency power sources reduces output frequency, air delta supercharger drive motors rotating speed declines, when natural gas air pre-mixing device pressure is elevated to 0.2MPa, air delta supercharger drive motors rotating speed drops to 0, when natural gas air pre-mixing device pressure drop is elevated to maximum to rotating speed during 0.15MPa, now natural gas and supercharging air premix and exerting oneself of assignment subsystem also reach maximum, should be slightly higher than the natural gas air pre-mixing gas maximum needed in station boiler ignition process, in whole station boiler ignition trigger process, supercharging premix amount and consumption keep dynamic equilibrium automatically.
8. coal-burning boiler natural gas fired system of being furnished with a low speed mill according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: air delta supercharger drive motors and natural gas variable boosting machine drive motors all carry speed probe, natural gas supercharging air premix computer for controlling can calculate the volume flow under the standard air state of air delta supercharger press-in natural gas air pre-mixing device, can extrapolate further needs to be pressed into volume flow under the Natural gas standard state of natural gas air pre-mixing device and instruction natural gas variable boosting machine drive motors reaches the rotating speed of needs, the man-machine interface of natural gas supercharging air premix computer for controlling can show the instant flow of natural gas and air, the integrated flow of natural gas.
9. coal-burning boiler natural gas fired system of being furnished with a low speed mill according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described general burner can retain original low-NOx combustor aerodynamics feature invariant, without the need to integral replacing for amplify step by step, the igniting DC burner of fractional combustion; The First air passage of burner and some position of First air pipeline use exotic material instead as Cr28Ni20MoW, at least can 800 DEG C of long-term safety work.
10. coal-burning boiler natural gas fired system of being furnished with a low speed mill according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described coal of low concentration fine breeze to different calorific value has different coal powder density desired values, roughly 0.08 to 0.2kg/kg, be no more than 800 DEG C for controlling general burner temperature highest portion position, coal powder density sometimes can also lower than 0.08kg/kg; Morning, the mid-term fineness of pulverized coal R of boiler startup
90control 5% to 10%.
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| CN103486577A (en) * | 2013-09-10 | 2014-01-01 | 章礼道 | Natural gas ignition system for circulating fluidized bed boiler |
| CN104390234B (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2016-08-31 | 国家电网公司 | Ultra supercritical unit control method for coordinating with double inlet and outlet coal mill |
| CN113464931A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-10-01 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Operation control system and method for plasma ignition pulverized coal burner |
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| CN101135443A (en) * | 2007-09-10 | 2008-03-05 | 中电投远达环保工程有限公司 | Storehouse type coal-burning boiler few-oil ignition combustion system |
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