CN108331004B - Device suitable for reducing differential settlement of pile group foundation - Google Patents
Device suitable for reducing differential settlement of pile group foundation Download PDFInfo
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- CN108331004B CN108331004B CN201810033260.7A CN201810033260A CN108331004B CN 108331004 B CN108331004 B CN 108331004B CN 201810033260 A CN201810033260 A CN 201810033260A CN 108331004 B CN108331004 B CN 108331004B
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- pile body
- pile
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- side plate
- upper pile
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/10—Deep foundations
- E02D27/12—Pile foundations
- E02D27/14—Pile framings, i.e. piles assembled to form the substructure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D37/00—Repair of damaged foundations or foundation structures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for reducing differential settlement of pile group foundations, which comprises an upper pile body, a shearing and twisting resistant guard arm, a spring, a lower pile body and the like; four T-shaped clamping grooves which are uniformly distributed and have a certain longitudinal height are formed in the upper pile body along the circumferential direction; the shearing and twisting resistant guard arm consists of an I-shaped sliding block and a vertical supporting arm, an inner side plate of the I-shaped sliding block is embedded into a T-shaped clamping groove of the upper pile body, an outer side plate is attached to the outer wall of the upper pile body, and the bottom of the outer side plate is fixed with the vertical supporting arm; the upper pile body and the lower pile body are connected through a spring in the vertical direction; the T-shaped clamping groove enables the upper end of the guard arm to only relatively displace in the vertical direction relative to the upper pile body; the existence of the spring plays a role in adjusting pile foundation settlement and reducing uneven settlement of an upper structure, and the shearing and torsion resistant guard arm enables the device to have enough shearing and torsion resistant bearing capacity. The device can greatly reduce uneven settlement of the upper structure, and has low cost and good adaptability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of pile foundation engineering, in particular to a device for reducing differential settlement of pile group foundations.
Background
Along with the rapid development of national economy, more and more high-rise buildings are arranged on the land of China, the high-rise buildings have large body quantity, foundation stress is complex, and pile foundation forms are often adopted. Uneven settlement often occurs due to the fact that the condition of the foundation is complex and the construction process is not in accordance with the standard. Uneven settlement of the foundation is light, so that components such as building walls are cracked, and the safety of the whole structure is influenced. The conventional method for reducing the uneven settlement has the problems of time and labor waste, poor economic effect, high manufacturing cost and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device for reducing differential settlement of pile group foundations, which has the advantages of good effect, simple and convenient member manufacture and assembly, good durability and economy, and aims to overcome the defects of the conventional method for reducing the differential settlement of the foundations.
The aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the device for reducing differential settlement suitable for pile group foundations comprises an upper pile body, four shearing and twisting resistant guard arms, a spring, a lower pile body, a steel plate and a dowel bar; the upper pile body and the lower pile body are both cylinders; four T-shaped clamping grooves which are uniformly distributed and have a certain longitudinal height are formed in the upper pile body along the circumferential direction; the shearing and twisting resistant guard arm consists of an I-shaped sliding block and a vertical supporting arm, wherein the I-shaped sliding block consists of an inner side plate in the vertical direction, an outer side plate in the vertical direction and a middle connecting plate in the vertical direction; the inner side plate is embedded into the T-shaped clamping groove of the upper pile body, the outer side plate is attached to the outer wall of the upper pile body, the bottom of the outer side plate is fixedly provided with a vertical supporting arm, and a gap is reserved between the vertical supporting arm and the upper pile body; the bottom of the vertical supporting arm is fixed on the top surface or the side surface of the lower pile body; the upper pile body and the lower pile body are connected through a spring in the vertical direction; the bottom surface of the lower pile body is welded with a steel plate for connecting a pile foundation; the top of the upper pile body is provided with a dowel bar for anchoring the upper pile body and the concrete of the pile foundation bearing platform; and the upper pile body is vertically displaced relative to the shearing and twisting resistant guard arm under the action of upper load and a spring.
Further, the upper pile body, the shearing and twisting resistant guard arm and the lower pile body are made of steel materials, and are externally coated with anti-corrosion paint.
Further, the thickness of steel materials of the upper pile body between the inner side plate and the outer side plate of the I-shaped sliding block is not smaller than 8mm.
Further, the top and the bottom of the upper pile body are solid structures, and the height of the top or bottom solid structure is not less than 8mm.
Further, a layer of lubricating grease is coated in the T-shaped clamping groove of the upper pile body.
Further, the inner side plate and the outer side plate of the I-shaped sliding block are vertical arc plates.
Furthermore, the spring is a ring spring with high rigidity, and the damping effect of the spring is great, so that when the load of the upper structure changes (especially a public building with great change of the flow of people), the deformation speed of the spring is not too high to cause uncomfortable feeling of people living in the building.
Further, the ratio of the height to the diameter of the spring must not exceed 6 to prevent the spring from buckling when subjected to an upper load.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: in actual engineering, the device (pile cap for short) for reducing differential settlement of pile group foundations provided by the invention is connected with a pile foundation through a steel plate welded on a lower pile body, and then construction of a pile foundation bearing platform is carried out. The sedimentation of the foundation is represented by the sedimentation delta of the spring in the pile cap 1 And sedimentation delta of pile body itself 2 The composition is formed. Because of the complexity of foundation conditions or the difference in pile length, the vertical stiffness of each pile is inconsistent, by which is meant the ability of the soil mass surrounding the pile to impart vertical deformation to the pile under vertical loading. Compared with the pile with small vertical rigidity, when the pile with large vertical rigidity bears the upper load, the pile body is settled delta 2 The pile is significantly reduced compared to a pile with less vertical stiffness. Meanwhile, according to mechanical analysis, the magnitude of the vertical rigidity is positively correlated with the upper load distributed by the pile. Thus, in a pile foundation in which the present invention is installed, when the pile foundation is subjected to an upper load, a pile with a high vertical stiffness is subjected to a higher upper load, and the spring in the pile cap on the pile is deformed by delta 1 Big size Larger. And the pile with large vertical rigidity has larger vertical rigidity, so the pile body of the pile has sedimentation delta 2 Small size Smaller. For piles with smaller vertical rigidity, because the vertical rigidity is small, the upper load born by the piles is small, and the spring deformation delta in pile caps on the piles is small 1 Small size Smaller. But the pile with smaller vertical rigidity has sedimentation delta of pile body 2 Big size Larger. The differential settlement refers to the differential settlement of each point on the bottom surface of the pile foundation bearing platform, namely the top surface of each pile bodyDifference in sedimentation. According to mechanical analysis, since the rigidity of the bearing platform is far greater than that of the spring, delta is necessarily generated when the measuring range of the spring is enough 1 Big size +δ 2 Small size ＝δ 1 Small size +δ 2 Big size The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the This is because the spring rate is less than the platform rate. From the analysis, the spring plays a role in adjusting pile tops of piles with different vertical rigidities to subside, and the pile tops of piles with different vertical rigidities are basically consistent in subsidence when bearing upper loads through the adjustment of the spring, so that uneven subsidence of an upper structure is reduced. The shear-torsion-resistant guard arm is arranged, so that the bearing capacity of the pile cap is greatly improved, and the pile cap is prevented from being sheared or twisted when the foundation bears horizontal load. The present invention preferably employs a ring spring having greater damping than other types of springs, and which deforms very slowly when subjected to an upper load, thus not causing discomfort to persons in the upper building. The invention can be used as a measure for preventing uneven settlement and a solution for engineering accidents with larger inconsistent vertical rigidity among piles caused by improper construction method. This solution is a significant reduction in the effort, resources and financial costs associated with re-piling or pile pulling. In conclusion, the invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient construction and installation, outstanding effect of reducing uneven settlement, low cost and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view a-a of the device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view b-b of the device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 (a) is a schematic view of an I-shaped slider of the present invention;
FIG. 4 (b) is a schematic illustration of the I-shaped slider structure of the present invention and its connection to a vertical support arm;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the device of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the inventive device;
wherein, go up pile body 1, shearing and twisting arm protector 2, I shape slider 2-1, interior panel 2-1-1, exterior panel 2-1-2, intermediate junction board 2-1-3, vertical support arm 2-2, spring 3, lower pile body 4, steel sheet 5, joint bar 6, T shape draw-in groove 7.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-5, the device for reducing differential settlement suitable for pile group foundations provided by the invention comprises an upper pile body 1, four shearing and twisting resistant guard arms 2, a spring 3, a lower pile body 4, a steel plate 5 and a dowel bar 6; the upper pile body 1 and the lower pile body 4 are both cylinders; four T-shaped clamping grooves 7 which are uniformly distributed and have a certain longitudinal height are formed in the upper pile body 1 along the circumferential direction; the shearing and twisting resistant guard arm 2 consists of an I-shaped sliding block 2-1 and a vertical supporting arm 2-2, wherein the I-shaped sliding block 2-1 consists of an inner side plate 2-1-1 in the vertical direction, an outer side plate 2-1-2 in the vertical direction and a middle connecting plate 2-1-3 in the vertical direction; the inner side plate 2-1-1 is embedded into a T-shaped clamping groove 7 of the upper pile body 1, the outer side plate 2-1-2 is attached to the outer wall of the upper pile body 1, the bottom of the outer side plate 2-1-2 is fixedly provided with a vertical supporting arm 2-2, and a gap is reserved between the vertical supporting arm 2-2 and the upper pile body 1; the bottom of the vertical supporting arm 2-2 is fixed on the top surface or the side surface of the lower pile body 4; the upper pile body 1 and the lower pile body 4 are connected through a spring 3 in the vertical direction; a steel plate 5 is welded on the bottom surface of the lower pile body 4 and is used for connecting a pile foundation; the top of the upper pile body 1 is provided with a dowel bar 6 for anchoring the upper pile body 1 with the concrete of the pile foundation bearing platform; the upper pile body 1 is vertically displaced relative to the shear torsion guard arm 2 under the action of upper load and the spring 3. When the device bears the load transmitted by the upper structure, the upper pile body 1 presses the spring 3 to sink, and the shearing and torsion resistant guard arm 4 cannot be stressed due to the T-shaped clamping groove 7, so that the shearing and torsion resistant guard arm 4 is ensured to bear no axial force but only the shearing force, bending moment and torque. At the same time, the T-shaped clamping groove 7 is arranged so that the shearing and twisting prevention arm 4 does not influence the deformation of the spring 3. In order to prevent the shear torsion guard arm 4 from obstructing the sinking of the upper pile body 1 due to friction with the T-shaped clamping groove, a layer of lubricating oil needs to be coated in advance inside the T-shaped clamping groove 7.
The working mechanism of the device is as follows:
the pile foundations of the pile foundations are formed by the bearing platforms and the pile foundations at the lower parts of the bearing platforms, when the internal force and settlement of the pile foundations (pile bodies) are calculated, upper load is firstly acted on the bearing platforms, and then the upper load is distributed and transferred to the pile bodies at the lower parts of the bearing platforms through the bearing platforms. The calculation of the load distributed by each pile foundation (pile body) is a relatively complex mechanical problem, but there is a basic rule that the greater the vertical stiffness of the pile, the greater the distributed load.
When the device works, the load of the upper building is transmitted to the pile cap at the top of the pile foundation through the pile foundation bearing platform, the springs in the pile cap start to compress and deform, and the compression deformation amount depends on the force distributed by the pile body. The sedimentation of the foundation is represented by the sedimentation delta of the spring in the pile cap 1 And bulk sedimentation delta of piles 2 The composition is formed. Because of the complexity of foundation conditions or the difference in pile length, the vertical stiffness of each pile is not uniform. By vertical stiffness is meant the ability of the soil mass surrounding the pile to impart vertical deformation to the pile under vertical loading. Compared with the pile with small vertical rigidity, the pile with large vertical rigidity has the advantages that when the pile bears the upper load, the pile body is settled delta 2 The pile is significantly reduced compared to a pile with less vertical stiffness. Meanwhile, according to mechanical analysis, the magnitude of the vertical rigidity is positively correlated with the upper load distributed by the pile. Thus, in a pile foundation in which the present invention is installed, when the pile foundation is subjected to an upper load, a pile with a high vertical stiffness is subjected to a higher upper load, and the spring in the pile cap on the pile is deformed by delta 1 Big size Larger. And the pile with large vertical rigidity has larger vertical rigidity, so the pile body of the pile has sedimentation delta 2 Small size Smaller. For piles with smaller vertical rigidity, because the vertical rigidity is small, the upper load born by the piles is small, and the spring deformation delta in pile caps on the piles is small 1 Small size Smaller. But the pile with smaller vertical rigidity has sedimentation delta of pile body 2 Big size Larger. The differential settlement refers to the differential settlement of each point on the bottom surface of the pile foundation bearing platform, namely the differential settlement of the top surface of each pile body. Based on mechanical analysis, due to the rigidity of the platformThe degree is far greater than the rigidity of the spring, and delta is necessarily generated when the measuring range of the spring is enough 1 Big size +δ 2 Small size ＝δ 1 Small size +δ 2 Big size The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the This is because the spring rate is less than the platform rate.
So that the spring in the pile cap plays a role in adjusting uneven settlement. The upper pile body is connected with the shearing and torsion resistant guard arms in the front, back, left and right directions through the clamping grooves, so that shearing damage and torsion damage of a pile foundation at a pile cap can be prevented, the defects of side resistance and torsional rigidity of a vertical spring are overcome, and the reliability of the device is improved. Meanwhile, the ring-shaped spring is adopted by the spring, and compared with other types of springs, the spring has larger damping, and when the spring is deformed under the action of upper load, the deformation speed is very slow, so that uncomfortable feeling of people in an upper building can not be caused. The invention can be used as a measure for preventing uneven settlement and a solution for engineering construction with great inconsistency of vertical rigidity among piles caused by improper construction method. This solution is a significant reduction in the effort, resources and financial costs associated with re-piling or pile pulling. In conclusion, the invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient construction and installation, outstanding effect of reducing uneven settlement, low cost and the like.
Examples:
a residential district is built in a certain place of Zhejiang province, the building volume is large, the load on the upper part of the foundation is large, and therefore, a pile group foundation is adopted by a design party. The construction party participating in the construction comes from southwest region, does not have deep knowledge on the property of soil body in Zhejiang province region, ignores the special engineering property of soft clay in Zhejiang province region, causes that the length of each pile foundation is very inconsistent in the piling process, and some pile foundations are driven into bedrock, and some pile foundations are still in soft clay, causes that the vertical rigidity difference between each pile is very big, thereby can't carry out the construction of superstructure.
There are two solutions proposed by the design party:
1. piling again around the unqualified pile foundation, and using the newly-driven pile foundation to bear the load of the upper structure. However, in the present engineering, because the building is large in volume, the pile foundations are densely arranged, and new pile foundations cannot be driven.
2. And pulling out the original unqualified pile foundation, and then piling again in situ. This solution is too costly, too great in terms of effort and unacceptable to the first party.
For such extreme cases, the device provided by the invention can be adopted for solving. By sleeving the device on all pile foundations, the phenomenon of uneven settlement caused by uneven vertical rigidity of the pile foundations can be greatly relieved on the basis of not pulling piles and not piling new piles by utilizing the effect of the device for reducing uneven settlement. Compared with the traditional solution, the solution has the advantages of ten times or even tens of times of shortening the cost and the construction period, and has outstanding economic benefit.
After the device is added, the stress state is as shown in fig. 6:
before sedimentation, the springs on each pile foundation are in an original long state, after the upper part of the pile foundation is acted, the load is distributed through the pile foundation bearing platform, the force borne by the pile with larger vertical rigidity is larger, so the elastic deformation amount of the pile is larger, the springs are shorter, the force borne by the pile with smaller vertical rigidity is smaller because the pile with larger vertical rigidity is smaller in vertical displacement of the pile body (as shown by a pile number 1 in the following figure 6), the elastic deformation amount of the pile with smaller vertical rigidity is smaller, the springs are higher, and the deformation state of the pile with medium vertical rigidity is between the pile with smaller vertical rigidity (as shown by a pile number 3 in the following figure 6) because the vertical displacement of the pile with smaller vertical rigidity is larger in the pile body (as shown by a pile number 2 in the figure 6). Through the adjustment process, the uneven settlement of the pile foundation bearing platform can be remarkably reduced.
Claims (1)
1. The device for reducing differential settlement suitable for pile group foundations is characterized by comprising an upper pile body (1), four shearing and twisting resistant guard arms (2), a spring (3), a lower pile body (4), a steel plate (5) and a dowel bar (6); the upper pile body (1) and the lower pile body (4) are both cylinders; four T-shaped clamping grooves (7) which are uniformly distributed and have a certain longitudinal height are formed in the upper pile body (1) along the circumferential direction; the shearing and twisting resistant guard arm (2) consists of an I-shaped sliding block (2-1) and a vertical supporting arm (2-2), wherein the I-shaped sliding block (2-1) consists of an inner side plate (2-1-1) in the vertical direction, an outer side plate (2-1-2) in the vertical direction and an intermediate connecting plate (2-1-3) in the vertical direction; the inner side plate (2-1-1) is embedded into the T-shaped clamping groove (7) of the upper pile body (1), the outer side plate (2-1-2) is attached to the outer wall of the upper pile body (1), the bottom of the outer side plate (2-1-2) is fixedly provided with the vertical supporting arm (2-2), and a gap is reserved between the vertical supporting arm (2-2) and the upper pile body (1); the bottom of the vertical supporting arm (2-2) is fixed on the top surface or the side surface of the lower pile body (4); the upper pile body (1) and the lower pile body (4) are connected through a spring (3) in the vertical direction; a steel plate (5) is welded on the bottom surface of the lower pile body (4) and is used for connecting a pile foundation; the top of the upper pile body (1) is provided with a dowel bar (6) for anchoring the upper pile body (1) with the concrete of the pile foundation bearing platform; the upper pile body (1) generates vertical displacement relative to the shearing and twisting resistant guard arm (2) under the action of upper load and the spring (3);
the upper pile body (1), the shearing and twisting resistant guard arm (2) and the lower pile body (4) are made of steel materials, and are externally coated with anti-corrosion paint;
the thickness of steel between the inner side plate (2-1-1) and the outer side plate (2-1-2) of the I-shaped sliding block (2-1) of the upper pile body (1) is not less than 8mm;
the top and the bottom of the upper pile body (1) are solid structures, and the height of the top or bottom solid structure is not less than 8mm;
a layer of lubricating ointment is coated in the T-shaped clamping groove (7) of the upper pile body (1);
the inner side plate (2-1-1) and the outer side plate (2-1-2) of the I-shaped sliding block (2-1) are vertical arc plates;
the spring (3) is a ring spring with high rigidity, and the damping effect of the spring is great, so that when the load of the upper structure changes, the deformation speed of the spring is not too high to cause uncomfortable feeling of people living in the building;
the ratio of the height to the diameter of the spring (3) must not exceed 6 to prevent the spring from buckling when subjected to an upper load.
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| CN201810033260.7A CN108331004B (en) | 2018-01-14 | 2018-01-14 | Device suitable for reducing differential settlement of pile group foundation |
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| CN201810033260.7A CN108331004B (en) | 2018-01-14 | 2018-01-14 | Device suitable for reducing differential settlement of pile group foundation |
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| CN108331004A CN108331004A (en) | 2018-07-27 |
| CN108331004B true CN108331004B (en) | 2023-06-16 |
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| JP2015001047A (en) * | 2013-06-13 | 2015-01-05 | 大成建設株式会社 | Unequal settlement countermeasure structure of construction |
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| JP6049844B1 (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-12-21 | 勇平 八百板 | Uneven settlement control structure and construction method |
| CN206319334U (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-07-11 | 安徽工业大学 | A kind of prefabricated stealthy T-shaped floor tubular streetlamp foundation |
| CN208056085U (en) * | 2018-01-14 | 2018-11-06 | 浙江大学 | A kind of pile cover reducing differential settlement |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR101263989B1 (en) * | 2010-02-24 | 2013-05-13 | 에스트건설 주식회사 | Analysis method on load-settlement characteristics of a top-base foundation |
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| FR2273143A1 (en) * | 1974-05-31 | 1975-12-26 | Thevenin Jean Marie | Extruded plastic cruciform section fence post - with reinforcement in each arm and adjustable fixing of wire |
| CN101173520A (en) * | 2007-10-07 | 2008-05-07 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for differential settlement of buildings self-adapting groundwork and its structure |
| JP2015001047A (en) * | 2013-06-13 | 2015-01-05 | 大成建設株式会社 | Unequal settlement countermeasure structure of construction |
| JP6049844B1 (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-12-21 | 勇平 八百板 | Uneven settlement control structure and construction method |
| CN106013153A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-10-12 | 上海长凯岩土工程有限公司 | End protector for construction of steel pipe pile and working method thereof |
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