CN108328878B - 一种组合式纺织印染废水处理系统 - Google Patents
一种组合式纺织印染废水处理系统 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开一种组合式纺织印染废水处理系统。包括通过管道依次连通的格栅井、调节池、预臭氧氧化单元、混凝沉淀池、超声强化电化学单元、生物接触氧化池、气浮池和紫外线辅助的臭氧催化氧化单元;紫外辅助的臭氧催化氧化单元包括反应池,反应池底部设置有回流口,回流口通过回流管与所述生物接触氧化池进水口连通。本发明通过加入预臭氧氧化单元对其后续混凝沉淀工艺起助凝作用、加入超声强化电化学单元提高废水的可生化性、加入紫外辅助的臭氧催化氧化单元对废水进行深度处理;本发明能有效去除废水中各类污染物质,克服了传统的处理工艺出水水质不达标的问题,出水水质好、运行稳定、出水满足国家排放标准。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及废水处理技术领域,尤其涉及一种组合式纺织印染废水处理系统。
背景技术
印染废水是纺织印染企业在加工棉、麻、化学纤维及混纺产品过程中产生的工业废水。纺织印染产业是一个高耗水高排放的产业,印染废水水量大,每印染加工1吨纺织品耗水100-200吨,其中80-90%会成为废水。据不完全统计,我国印染废水排放量约为每天300万-400万吨。纺织印染废水包括退浆废水、煮炼废水、漂白废水、丝光废水,染色废水、印花废水、整理工序废水、碱减量废水,废水中含有染料、浆料、助剂、油剂、酸碱、纤维杂质、砂类物质、重金属离子、无机盐等,具有水量大、毒性大、有机污染物含量高、色度深、碱性大、水质变化大、可生化性能差等特点。印染废水中污染物质大多难降解,有些甚至具有致癌、致畸、致突变作用,如果废水不经过处理直接排放,会对环境造成巨大污染,并可能通过食物链直接或间接地影响人们的身体健康。
由于印染废水的上述特点,常规的直接生化处理技术效果不理想,很难保证出水水质达标。并且随着印染工业的迅猛发展,印染工艺上新型染料、助剂等难生化降解物质的大量使用,印染废水的处理难度大大增加。因此,开发一种新的纺织印染废水处理系统显得尤为重要。
发明内容
针对上述问题,本发明提供一种组合式纺织印染废水处理系统。
为达到上述目的,本发明一种组合式纺织印染废水处理系统,包括通过管道依次连通的格栅井、调节池、预臭氧氧化单元、混凝沉淀池、超声强化电化学单元、生物接触氧化池、气浮池和紫外线辅助的臭氧催化氧化单元;
所述紫外辅助的臭氧催化氧化单元包括反应池,所述反应池内设置有催化剂层;反应池的底部设置有曝气头,曝气头进气口与一臭氧发生装置出气口连通,反应池的池壁上还设置有紫外线灯管;所述反应池底部设置有回流口,所述回流口通过回流管与所述生物接触氧化池进水口连通。
进一步地,所述格栅井内沿水流方向依次设置有用于拦截杂质的第一格栅和第二格栅,所述第一格栅的栅距为8-10mm,所述第二格栅的栅距为1-3mm。
进一步地,所述预臭氧氧化单元包括反应塔和用于向反应塔内充入臭氧的臭氧发生器,所述反应塔的上部设置有进水口,所述进水口通过管道与所述调节池的出水口连通;所述反应塔的塔底设置有曝气头,所述臭氧发生器的出气口通过输气管与所述曝气头的进气口连通;反应塔臭氧浓度为0.5-1.0mg/L,臭氧与废水的接触时间为5-30min。
进一步地,所述混凝沉淀池内投放有絮凝药剂;
所述超声强化电化学单元包括用于对废水进行电化学氧化处理的电化学氧化装置,所述电化学氧化装置的阳极与阴极之间设置有超声波发生器;
所述气浮池内还设置有刮污机。
进一步地,所述生物接触氧化池内填有纤维状的填料载体,所述载体上附着有生物膜。
进一步地,所述电化学氧化装置的阳极为钛基二氧化铅、二氧化锡或二氧化钌电极,阴极为不锈钢、碳毡或玻璃碳电极中;电化学氧化装置的电源为恒电位仪,电流密度在5-40mA/cm2。
进一步地,所述生物接触氧化池中填料填充率大于或等于50%;填料的结构为伞状、垫状或星状。
进一步地,所述催化剂层由含有过渡金属元素的催化剂填料构成,所述过渡金属元素包括Cu、Fe、Co中的一种或多种。
本发明一种组合式纺织印染废水处理系统,采用预臭氧氧化对后续混凝沉淀工艺起助凝作用;通过采用超声技术与电化学氧化组合工艺,利用超声波的空化作用实现水体内部高速混合,增强电化学反应过程中电极与溶液之间的固液传质过程,并清洗电极表面避免电极污染,充分发挥电化学反应器中阳极的氧化有机物的能力和阴极的还原重金属的能力,有效提高了废水的可生化性,为后续生物接触氧化法提供了有利条件。
通过采用紫外辅助的臭氧催化氧化系统,其中臭氧催化材料和紫外光有效提高了臭氧利用率和臭氧氧化反应过程的速率,对污水难降解有机物的去除效果更为显著,同时还可降低废水深度处理的成本。
与此同时,本发明提供的组合式纺织印染废水处理系统,抗冲击负荷能力强、出水水质稳定、处理效果好等。印染废水通过本系统处理,废水中各类污染物质得到有效去除,出水满足国家排放标准,对减轻环境污染压力,促进印染企业发展有重要意义。
附图说明
图1是本发明系统框图。
具体实施方式
下面结合说明书附图对本发明做进一步的描述。
实施例1
结合图1,本实施例提供一种组合式印染废水处理系统,包括通过管道依次连通的格栅井、调节池、预臭氧氧化单元、混凝沉淀池、超声强化电化学单元、生物接触氧化池、气浮池和紫外线辅助的臭氧催化氧化单元;
其中,混凝沉淀池内投放有絮凝药剂;具体的絮凝药剂为NaOH、PAC或PAM。
气浮池内还设置有刮污机。
所述紫外辅助的臭氧催化氧化单元包括反应池,所述反应池底部设置有回流口,所述回流口通过回流管与所述生物接触氧化池进水口连通;
本实施例中絮凝沉淀池能使水中难以沉淀的颗粒能互相聚合而形成胶体,然后与水体中的杂质合形成更大的絮凝体,后经沉淀进行絮凝体和水的分离。
实施例2
作为实施例1的具体方案,本实施例中格栅井内沿水流方向依次设置有用于拦截杂质的第一格栅和第二格栅,所述第一格栅的栅距为8-10mm,所述第二格栅的栅距为1-3mm。本实施例中通过设置的格栅能截留废水中较大的纤维素、木质素等悬浮物,减轻后续处理单元的负荷。
实施例3
作为实施例1的具体方案,本实施例中预臭氧氧化单元包括反应塔和用于向反应塔内充入臭氧的臭氧发生器,所述反应塔的上部设置有进水口,所述进水口通过管道与所述调节池的出水口连通;所述反应塔的塔底设置有曝气头,所述臭氧发生器的出气口通过输气管与所述曝气头的进气口连通;反应塔臭氧浓度为0.5-1.0mg/L,臭氧与废水的接触时间为5-30min。本实施例中经预臭氧氧化系统对水体中的无机化合物和色度、病原微生物等进行去除,同时氧化水体中部分有机物,对后续混凝沉淀工艺起助凝作用。
实施例4
作为实施例1的具体方案,本实施例中超声强化电化学单元包括用于对废水进行电化学氧化处理的电化学氧化装置,所述电化学氧化装置的阳极与阴极之间设置有超声波发生器;本实施例中电化学氧化装置的阳极为钛基二氧化铅、二氧化锡或二氧化钌电极,阴极为不锈钢、碳毡或玻璃碳电极;电化学氧化装置的电源为恒电位仪,电流密度在5-40mA/cm2。通过利用超声波的空化作用实现水体内部高速混合,增强电化学反应过程中电极与溶液之间的固液传质过程,清洗电极表面避免电极污染,充分发挥电化学反应器中阳极的氧化能力和阴极的还原能力,降低废水中有机物和重金属浓度,有效提高废水的可生化性。
实施例5
作为实施例1的具体方案,本实施例中生物接触氧化池中设置有填料载体,填充率大于或等于50%;填料的结构为伞状、垫状或星状。本实施例中生物接触氧化池内填有纤维状的填料载体,载体上附着有生物膜。本实施例中废水进入生物接触氧化池后,通过接触氧化池中附着在载体上的生物膜,能去除废水中的氨氮、亚硝酸盐、硝酸盐等有害物质。
实施例6
作为实施例1的具体方案,本实施例中,紫外辅助的臭氧催化氧化单元中的反应池内设置有催化剂层;反应池的底部设置有曝气头,曝气头进气口与一臭氧发生装置出气口连通,反应池的池壁上还设置有紫外线灯管;其中所述催化剂层由含有过渡金属元素的催化剂填料构成,所述过渡金属元素包括Cu、Fe、Co中的一种或多种。本实施例中利用紫外光辅助臭氧催化氧化反应,能够对废水进行进一步深度处理,改善废水处理效果。
以下是采用本发明的组合式纺织印染废水处理系统对江苏省某针织科技有限公司的印染废水进行处理,废水量5000m3/d,处理效果如表1所示,可以看出本发明的印染废水处理系统对COD、氨氮、色度、悬浮物等具有明显处理效果,处理后水质达到《纺织染整工业水污染物排放标准》(GB4287-2012)直接排放标准。
表1进水、出水及直排标准的水质情况
以上,仅为本发明的较佳实施例,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到的变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此,本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求所界定的保护范围为准。
Claims (7)
1.一种组合式纺织印染废水处理系统,其特征在于,包括通过管道依次连通的格栅井、调节池、预臭氧氧化单元、混凝沉淀池、超声强化电化学单元、生物接触氧化池、气浮池和紫外线辅助的臭氧催化氧化单元;
所述紫外线辅助的臭氧催化氧化单元包括反应池,所述反应池内设置有催化剂层;反应池的底部设置有曝气头,曝气头进气口与一臭氧发生装置出气口连通,反应池的池壁上还设置有紫外线灯管;所述反应池底部设置有回流口,所述回流口通过回流管与所述生物接触氧化池进水口连通;
所述预臭氧氧化单元包括反应塔和用于向反应塔内充入臭氧的臭氧发生器,所述反应塔的上部设置有进水口,所述进水口通过管道与所述调节池的出水口连通;所述反应塔的塔底设置有曝气头,所述臭氧发生器的出气口通过输气管与所述曝气头的进气口连通;反应塔臭氧浓度为0.5-1.0mg/L,臭氧与废水的接触时间为5-30min;
所述超声强化电化学单元包括用于对废水进行电化学氧化处理的电化学氧化装置,所述电化学氧化装置的阳极与阴极之间设置有超声波发生器;
所述电化学氧化装置的阳极为钛基二氧化铅、二氧化锡或二氧化钌电极,阴极为不锈钢、碳毡或玻璃碳电极中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种组合式纺织印染废水处理系统,其特征在于,所述格栅井内沿水流方向依次设置有用于拦截杂质的第一格栅和第二格栅,所述第一格栅的栅距为8-10mm,所述第二格栅的栅距为1-3mm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种组合式纺织印染废水处理系统,其特征在于,所述混凝沉淀池内投放有絮凝药剂;所述气浮池内还设置有刮污机。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种组合式纺织印染废水处理系统,其特征在于,所述生物接触氧化池内填有纤维状的填料载体,所述载体上附着有生物膜。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种组合式纺织印染废水处理系统,其特征在于,电化学氧化装置的电源为恒电位仪,电流密度在5-40mA/cm2。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种组合式纺织印染废水处理系统,其特征在于,所述生物接触氧化池中填料填充率大于或等于50%;填料的结构为伞状、垫状或星状。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种组合式纺织印染废水处理系统,其特征在于,所述催化剂层由含有过渡金属元素的催化剂填料构成,所述过渡金属元素包括Cu、Fe、Co中的一种或多种。
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