CN108327514B - 一种多模式混合动力传动装置 - Google Patents

一种多模式混合动力传动装置 Download PDF

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CN108327514B
CN108327514B CN201810129764.9A CN201810129764A CN108327514B CN 108327514 B CN108327514 B CN 108327514B CN 201810129764 A CN201810129764 A CN 201810129764A CN 108327514 B CN108327514 B CN 108327514B
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gear
shaft
clutch
motor
transmission
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CN108327514A (zh
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赵韩
张怡然
黄康
邱明明
郭俊
刘爱国
周哲
王强
刘泽链
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Hefei University of Technology
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48Parallel type
    • B60K6/485Motor-assist type
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62Hybrid vehicles

Abstract

本发明涉及一种多模式混合动力传动装置。包括单排行星轮机构、双离合变速机构、差速器、发动机和电机;本发明实现13种工作模式,其中6种模式的传动输出、3种模式的制动,并实现四种以上的传动比输出。本发明实现了发动机和轮边转速的解耦,发动机更容易控制在高效区间,本发明能通过更多的传动路径,实现更能多的模式,通过协调发动机和电机的转矩,使得二者能始终工作在高效区间,以达到更高的系统效率。

Description

一种多模式混合动力传动装置
技术领域
本发明属于汽车动力传动技术领域,具体涉及一种多模式混合动力传动装置。
背景技术
混合动力汽车是新能源汽车发展的重要方向之一,新能源汽车的重要意义在于利用电机的辅助作用,使发动机始终工作在高效区间,电机弥补不足的功率,或者将富余的功率用于发电,以提升整个系统的效率,若要使作为动力源的发动机和电动机在复杂的工况条件下始终工作在高效区间这具有相当的难度。
目前的单电机的混合动力总成结构最典型的是并联式结构,也有如艾瑞泽7e的行星轮结构。前者存在的问题是,前者发动机转速未能与轮边转速解耦,发动机和电机难以保证始终工作在高效区间,发动机存在反复启停,出现转矩波动,发动机冲击大,燃油消耗不理想,整车的经济性和动力性不佳,虽然也有部分结构添加了如固定传动比的变速箱或者连续变速箱等,但是仍然不能从根本上解决发动机转速和轮边转速未解耦的问题;而后者存在的问题是,虽然采用了行星轮结构,但是电机功率过小,传动路径有限,也不能完全保证整车的经济性,且由于发动机相对电机功率过大,现有结构不能很好进行匹配,而且最终整车动力性不好。双电机的结构以普锐斯为典型,其整体传动效率很高,但是存在动力性不足的缺陷。
行星轮是一种三自由度的结构,输入和输出可以有很多种配置,比如齿圈作为输出,电机作为太阳轮输入,发动机作为行星架等,三者均可以相互调换搭配,可以得到很多种构型,在这些构型里面,根据行星轮的齿圈、行星架和太阳轮之间转矩的对应比例关系,将行星架作为输出,可以使得将两动力源的扭矩和作为输出,没有内部抵消,但是两个动力源应当满足对应的扭矩关系,这和行星轮传动比有关;根据行星轮的特性,作用在行星轮齿圈上的转矩比上作用在行星轮太阳轮上的转矩应该等于齿圈齿数比上太阳轮齿数。从优化的角度来看,需要作用在齿圈上的构件的功率相对于作用在太阳轮上的构件的功率大。
因此,目前迫切需要对现有的动力耦合结构进行改进,以在减小系统复杂度和成本的同时,能保证系统的高效性,提升系统的整体效率。
发明内容
为了实现通过多样的模式转换和挡位变换,使得发动机和电机尽可能工作在高效区间,以提高系统的整体效率,本发明提供一种多模式混合动力传动装置。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种多模式混合动力传动装置包括单排行星轮机构、双离合变速机构、差速器22、发动机1和电机14;
所述单排行星轮机构包括太阳轮3、两个以上的行星轮23、齿圈4和行星架6;所述齿圈4和行星架6之间设有第一离合器5;
所述双离合变速机构包括第一输入轴11、第二输入轴21和输出轴12;
所述第一输入轴11上分别空套设有一轴一挡主动齿轮8和一轴二挡主动齿轮10,一轴一挡主动齿轮8和一轴二挡主动齿轮10之间的第一输入轴11上固定设有第一同步器9;
所述第二输入轴21上分别空套设有二轴一挡主动轮18和二轴二挡主动轮20,二轴一挡主动轮18和二轴二挡主动轮20之间的第二输入轴21上固定设有第二同步器19;第二输入轴21的一端上固定设有电机减速从动轮27;
所述输出轴12上分别固定设有一轴一挡从动齿轮24、二轴一挡从动齿轮28、一轴二挡从动齿轮25、二轴二挡从动齿轮26和差速减速齿轮13;
所述一轴一挡主动齿轮8和一轴一挡从动齿轮24啮合传动,构成第一输出轴的一挡;所述第一输入二挡主动齿轮10和一轴二挡从动齿轮25啮合传动,构成第一输出轴的二挡;通过第一同步器9进行选择输出到输出轴12上;
所述二轴一挡主动轮18和二轴一挡从动齿轮28啮合传动,构成第二输出轴的一挡;所述二轴二挡主动轮20和二轴二挡从动齿轮26啮合传动,构成第二输出轴的二挡,通过第二同步器19进行选择输出到输出轴12上;
发动机输出轴通过锁止器2连接太阳轮3;行星架6通过第二离合器7连接第一输入轴11的输入端;
电机输出轴上分别固定设有行星减速齿轮15和主减速齿轮17;行星减速齿轮15和主减速齿轮17之间的电机输出轴上设有第三离合器16;所述行星减速齿轮15和齿圈4啮合传动;所述主减速齿轮17和电机减速从动轮27啮合传动;
所述输出轴12通过差速减速齿轮13和差速器22外部的齿轮啮合传动,实现13种工作模式,其中6种模式的传动输出、3种模式的制动,并实现四种以上的传动比输出。
进一步限定的技术方案如下:
所述齿圈4具有内齿和外齿,其中内齿实现与两个以上的行星轮23的啮合传动,外齿和行星减速齿轮15构成一对从电机输出到齿圈的减速器。
所述电机为永磁同步电机。
所述第一离合器5、第二离合器7、第三离合器16均为干式离合器。
所述行星轮的个数为4个。
所述单排行星轮机构的传动比为2.6。
本发明的有益技术效果体现在以下方面:
1.相比传统的并联加变速箱的结构,本发明实现了发动机和轮边转速的解耦,发动机更容易控制在高效区间,本发明能通过更多的传动路径,实现更能多的模式,通过协调发动机和电机的转矩,使得二者能始终工作在高效区间,以达到更高的系统效率。
2.相比艾瑞泽7e的结构,本发明很好的实现了相对发动机偏小的电机的功率匹配,解决了动力性的问题,且可以选择两条传动路径,通过变速箱使得高效区间能匹配的范围也更加宽广,并且发动机和电机可以单独匹配两条路径上的传动比。
3.相比较于普锐斯的动力系统,本发明的行星轮输入选择在齿圈和太阳轮上,输出为行星轮架,动力性能更强,变速箱的设置能进一步加强动力性能。另外,本发明电机个数比普锐斯更少,节约成本,减轻了整个系统的重量,实现了轻量化的。
4.本发明传动路径短,传动效率更高,模式和挡位选择较多,能通过模式选择保证发动机1和电机14的高效性,电机14到齿圈4的单级减速器能使得电机能匹配功率更高的发动机。
5.本发明所述的混合动力系统应用广泛,不仅适用于乘用车,还可适用于城市客车,公交客车和大型货车等商用车。
附图说明
图1为本发明结构示意图。
上图中序号:发动机1、锁止器2、太阳轮3、齿圈4、第一离合器5、行星架6、第二离合器7、一轴一挡主动齿轮8、第一同步器9、一轴二挡主动齿轮10、第一输入轴11、输出轴12、差速减速齿轮13、电机14、行星减速齿轮15、第三离合器16、主减速齿轮17、二轴一挡主动轮18、第二同步器19、二轴二挡主动轮20、第二输入轴21、差速器22、行星轮23、一轴一挡从动齿轮24、一轴二挡从动齿轮25、二轴二挡从动齿轮26、电机减速从动轮27、二轴一挡从动齿轮28。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面结合附图,对本发明中的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述。
实施例1
本实施例适用于乘用车,一款乘用车的整备质量约为2吨的SUV,设计发动机功率110Kw,电机功率55Kw,行星减速齿轮传动比0.384,一轴一挡传动比0.75~1,一轴二挡传动比1~1.5,二轴一挡传动比0.9~1.2,二轴二挡传动比1.5~2.3,主减速齿轮传动比约为1,主减速器传动比为4.4。在所选电机发动机参数下,本发明能实现相较于并联加减速器结构6.5%~12%的经济性提升。
参见图1,一种多模式混合动力传动装置包括单排行星轮机构、双离合变速机构、差速器22、发动机1和电机14。电机14为永磁同步电机。
单排行星轮机构包括太阳轮3、四个行星轮23、齿圈4和行星架6,单排行星轮机构的传动比为2.6。齿圈4和行星架6之间安装有第一离合器5。
双离合变速机构包括第一输入轴11、第二输入轴21和输出轴12。
第一输入轴11上分别空套装有一轴一挡主动齿轮8和一轴二挡主动齿轮10,一轴一挡主动齿轮8和一轴二挡主动齿轮10之间的第一输入轴11上固定安装有第一同步器9;
第二输入轴21上分别空套装有二轴一挡主动轮18和二轴二挡主动轮20,二轴一挡主动轮18和二轴二挡主动轮20之间的第二输入轴21上固定安装有第二同步器19;第二输入轴21的一端上固定安装有电机减速从动轮27;
输出轴12上分别固定安装有一轴一挡从动齿轮24、二轴一挡从动齿轮28、一轴二挡从动齿轮25、二轴二挡从动齿轮26和差速减速齿轮13;
一轴一挡主动齿轮8和一轴一挡从动齿轮24啮合传动,构成第一输出轴的一挡;一轴二挡主动齿轮10和一轴二挡从动齿轮25啮合传动,构成第一输出轴的二挡;通过第一同步器9进行选择输出到输出轴12上;
二轴一挡主动轮18和二轴一挡从动齿轮28啮合传动,构成第二输出轴的一挡;二轴二挡主动轮20和二轴二挡从动齿轮26啮合传动,构成第二输出轴的二挡,通过第二同步器19进行选择输出到输出轴12上;
发动机输出轴通过锁止器2连接太阳轮3;行星架6通过第二离合器7连接第一输入轴11的输入端;
电机输出轴上分别固定安装有行星减速齿轮15和主减速齿轮17;行星减速齿轮15和主减速齿轮17之间的电机输出轴上安装有第三离合器16;齿圈4具有内齿和外齿,其中内齿实现与四个行星轮23的啮合传动,外齿和行星减速齿轮15构成一对从电机输出到齿圈的减速器。主减速齿轮17和电机减速从动轮27啮合传动;
第一离合器5、第二离合器7、第三离合器16均为干式离合器。
输出轴12通过差速减速齿轮13和差速器22外部的齿轮啮合传动,实现6种模式的传动输出、3种模式的充电、3种模式的制动和车辆的启动。
下面结合表1对本发明的工作原理作进一步地说明;
Figure 242687DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
行星轮连续变速Ⅰ模式工作时:
第一离合器5分离,第二离合器7与第三离合器16均结合,锁止器2松开;电机14在行星轮减速齿轮15变速后,利用行星轮系特性,通过发动机1和电机14作为两个动力源,共同工作,输出到第一输入轴11上,通过第一输入轴11的一挡或二挡,实现两挡变速。
行星轮连续变速Ⅱ模式工作时:
第一离合器5和第三离合器16均分离,第二离合器7结合,锁止器2松开;电机14在行星轮减速齿轮15变速后,利用行星轮的特性,通过发动机1和电机14作为两个动力源,共同工作,行星轮系通过行星轮的行星架6从第一输入轴11的一挡或二挡,实现变速输出;电机14也可以通过输出端的主减速齿轮17直接输出到第二输入轴21上,通过第二输入轴21的一挡或二挡,实现变速输出。
并联模式Ⅰ工作时:
第一离合器5和第二离合器7均结合,第三离合器16分离,锁止器2松开;此时行星轮的齿圈4、行星架6和太阳轮3结合为一个刚体;发动机1和电机14共同工作,通过行星轮的行星架6输出到第一输入轴11上,并可以通过第一输入轴的一挡或二挡进行换挡控制。
并联模式Ⅱ工作时:
第一离合器5和第三离合器16均结合,第二离合器7分离,锁止器2松开;发动机1在通过行星轮减速齿轮15之后在电机14的输出轴上进行耦合,且输出到第二输入轴21上,通过第二输入轴21上的一挡或二挡,实现变速输出。
行车充电模式Ⅰ工作时:
第一离合器5和第二离合器7均结合,第三离合器16松开,锁止器2松开;电机14工作在充电模式,发动机1在给电机14充电的同时,输出到第一输入轴11上,通过第一输入轴11的一挡或二挡,实现变速输出。
行车充电模式Ⅱ工作时:
第一离合器5和第三离合器16均结合,第二离合器7松开,锁止器2松开;电机14工作在充电模式,发动机1在给电机14充电的同时,输出到第二输入轴21上,通过第二输入轴21的一挡或二挡,实现变速输出。
停车充电模式工作时:
第一离合器5结合,第二离合器7和第三离合器16均分离,锁止器2松开;此时行星轮的齿圈4,行星架6和太阳轮3已经结合为一个刚体。电机14工作在发电机模式,发动机1通过行星轮减速齿轮15通过电机14给电池充电。
纯电动模式Ⅰ工作时:
第一离合器5和第三离合器16均分离,第二离合器7结合,锁止器2结合。电机14通过单机减速器1之后再通过行星轮输出到第一输入轴11上,注意此时由于锁止器2的作用,发动机1可以不工作,优化了传统的发动机1在低转速工作的情况,提高了系统效率。
纯电动模式Ⅱ工作时:
第一离合器5和第二离合器7均分离,第三离合器16结合,锁止器2结合;电机14通过主减速齿轮17输出到第二输入轴21上,通过第二输入轴21的一挡或二挡,实现变速输出。
再生制动模式Ⅰ工作时:
第一离合器5和第三离合器16均分离,第二离合器7结合,锁止器2结合;电机14工作在充电模式,制动转矩通过第二输入轴21,再通过主减速齿轮17传到电机14上。
再生制动模式Ⅱ工作时:
第一离合器5和第二离合器7均分离,第三离合器16结合,锁止器2结合;电机14工作在充电模式,制动转矩通过第一输入轴11,通过行星轮之后,再通过行星轮减速齿轮15传到电机14上。
再生制动模式Ⅲ工作时:
第一离合器5和第二离合器7结合,第三离合器16分离,锁止器2分离;电机14工作在充电模式,制动转矩通过第一输入轴11,通过行星轮之后,再通过行星轮减速齿轮15传到电机14上,不足的扭矩通过发动机1进行制动,发动机参与制动期望工作在下坡工况下。
发动机启动模式工作时:
第一离合器5结合,第二离合器7和第三离合器16可以结合也可以分离,第二离合器7或者第三离合器16结合时,电机14需要在提供动力的同时,利用富余的转矩启动发动机1;第二离合器7或者第三离合器16分离时,可以在停车的情况下,通过行星轮减速齿轮15带动发动机1启动。
实施例2
本实施例适用于商用车,一款商用车的整备质量18吨公交车,参考电机功率和发动机功率之和在100~150Kw,传动比参数相较于实施例1,需要增大最小传动比,增加主减速器传动比,增加爬坡性能,增加其负载能力。
本实施例结构同实施例1,本实施例工作原理同实施例1。

Claims (4)

1.一种多模式混合动力传动装置,其特征在于:包括单排行星轮机构、双离合变速机构、差速器(22)、发动机(1)和电机(14);
所述单排行星轮机构包括太阳轮(3)、两个以上的行星轮(23)、齿圈(4)和行星架(6);所述齿圈(4)和行星架(6)之间设有第一离合器(5);所述单排行星轮机构的传动比为2.6;
所述双离合变速机构包括第一输入轴(11)、第二输入轴(21)和输出轴(12);
所述第一输入轴(11)上分别空套设有一轴一挡主动齿轮(8)和一轴二挡主动齿轮(10),一轴一挡主动齿轮(8)和一轴二挡主动齿轮(10)之间的第一输入轴(11)上固定设有第一同步器(9);
所述第二输入轴(21)上分别空套设有二轴一挡主动轮(18)和二轴二挡主动轮(20),二轴一挡主动轮(18)和二轴二挡主动轮(20)之间的第二输入轴(21)上固定设有第二同步器(19);第二输入轴(21)的一端上固定设有电机减速从动轮(27);
所述输出轴(12)上分别固定设有一轴一挡从动齿轮(24)、二轴一挡从动齿轮(28)、一轴二挡从动齿轮(25)、二轴二挡从动齿轮(26)和差速减速齿轮(13);
所述一轴一挡主动齿轮(8)和一轴一挡从动齿轮(24)啮合传动,构成第一输出轴的一挡;所述一轴二挡主动齿轮(10)和一轴二挡从动齿轮(25)啮合传动,构成第一输出轴的二挡;通过第一同步器(9)进行选择输出到输出轴(12)上;
所述二轴一挡主动轮(18)和二轴一挡从动齿轮(28)啮合传动,构成第二输出轴的一挡;所述二轴二挡主动轮20和二轴二挡从动齿轮(26)啮合传动,构成第二输出轴的二挡,通过第二同步器(19)进行选择输出到输出轴(12)上;
发动机输出轴通过锁止器(2)连接太阳轮(3);行星架(6)通过第二离合器(7)连接第一输入轴(11)的输入端;
电机输出轴上分别固定设有行星减速齿轮(15)和主减速齿轮(17);行星减速齿轮(15)和主减速齿轮(17)之间的电机输出轴上设有第三离合器(16);所述行星减速齿轮(15)和齿圈(4)啮合传动;所述齿圈(4)具有内齿和外齿,其中内齿实现与两个以上的行星轮(23)的啮合传动,外齿和行星减速齿轮(15)构成一对从电机输出到齿圈的减速器;所述主减速齿轮(17)和电机减速从动轮(27)啮合传动;
所述输出轴(12)通过差速减速齿轮(13)和差速器(22)外部的齿轮啮合传动,实现13种工作模式,其中6种模式的传动输出、3种模式的制动,并实现四种以上的传动比输出。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种多模式混合动力传动装置,其特征在于:所述电机为永磁同步电机。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种多模式混合动力传动装置,其特征在于:所述第一离合器(5)、第二离合器(7)、第三离合器(16)均为干式离合器。
4.根据权利要求1所述一种多模式混合动力传动装置,其特征在于:所述行星轮的个数为4个。
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