CN108326251B - Method for casting tundish of small square billet continuous casting machine of steelmaking enterprise by using fixed diameter nozzle - Google Patents
Method for casting tundish of small square billet continuous casting machine of steelmaking enterprise by using fixed diameter nozzle Download PDFInfo
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- CN108326251B CN108326251B CN201711259101.0A CN201711259101A CN108326251B CN 108326251 B CN108326251 B CN 108326251B CN 201711259101 A CN201711259101 A CN 201711259101A CN 108326251 B CN108326251 B CN 108326251B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/18—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring
- B22D11/181—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to molten metal level or slag level
- B22D11/182—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to molten metal level or slag level by measuring temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/20—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for removing cast stock
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for casting a tundish of a small square billet continuous casting machine of a steelmaking enterprise by using a metering nozzle, wherein (1) the temperature of molten steel at the sizing start-up is 1605-1630 ℃, and the casting state is as follows: 1575-1595 ℃, tundish temperature: the initial pouring is more than 1570 ℃, and the normal temperature is less than or equal to 1550 ℃; (2) controlling the casting pulling speed by sizing, starting the pulling speed: 1.2m/min, and the temperature pulling speed is 1.2-3 m/min; (3) controlling the liquid level of the tundish, and controlling the depth of molten steel in the tundish to be 450-750 mm; (4) the sizing operation is characterized in that a, the middle package is continuously baked for more than 60 minutes in sequence of small fire, medium fire and big fire; b. feeding dummy ingots, plugging the dummy ingots and cooling strips; c. starting up the machine to operate, wherein the seedling emergence time is more than 13 seconds, and the rotating pulling speed is automatically controlled. The invention controls the pouring of the molten steel flow injected into the crystallizer by depending on the inner diameter of the water gap, does not need a stopper rod and a stopper rod control mechanism, has relatively stable flow control of the sizing water gap, is beneficial to improving the quality of continuous casting billets, realizes automatic pouring and reduces the labor intensity of workers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of steel making, and particularly relates to a method for casting a tundish of a small square billet continuous casting machine of a steel making enterprise by using a metering nozzle.
Background
The small square billet continuous casting fixed diameter pouring technology is a new technology, and is a pouring method which does not need a stopper but controls the flow of molten steel injected into a crystallizer by the inner diameter of a water gap. The method has the advantages that: the stopper rod and a stopper rod control mechanism are not needed, so that the cost of refractory materials and the cost of spare parts of equipment are reduced, the flow control of the sizing water gap is relatively stable, and the quality of a continuous casting billet is improved. Meanwhile, automatic pouring can be realized, and the labor intensity of workers is reduced.
At present, a small billet continuous casting machine mainly adopts a stopper rod control casting mode, and due to the design characteristics of the casting method, molten steel is easy to turn out from the bowl at the upper part of a water gap during casting, so that the normal casting of continuous casting is influenced, the improvement of a blank drawing speed is influenced, the turned-out molten steel is easy to accumulate around a crystallizer, the condition of incapability of casting is caused, the size of an injection flow cannot be accurately controlled in the production process, and the accident of out-of-control of the stopper rod often occurs.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for casting a tundish of a billet continuous casting machine of a steelmaking enterprise by using a metering nozzle, which is a casting method for controlling the flow of molten steel injected into a crystallizer by depending on the inner diameter of the nozzle without a stopper rod, does not need the stopper rod and a stopper rod control mechanism, can reduce the cost of refractory materials and the cost of spare parts of equipment, has relatively stable flow control of the metering nozzle, is beneficial to improving the quality of continuous casting billets, can realize automatic casting, and reduces the labor intensity of workers.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: a method for casting a tundish of a billet continuous casting machine of a steelmaking enterprise by using a metering nozzle,
(1) the temperature requirement of molten steel of sizing start-up comprises HRB series steel and HPB series steel, the start-up first furnace and plug-in climb: 1605 ℃ -1630 ℃, under normal casting conditions: 1575-1595 ℃, tundish control temperature: the initial pouring is more than 1570 ℃, and the normal control is less than or equal to 1550 ℃;
(2) controlling the casting pulling speed by sizing, starting the pulling speed: 1.2m/min, and the temperature pulling speed is 1.2-3 m/min;
(3) controlling the liquid level of the tundish, immediately casting the tundish when the liquid level of the molten steel of the tundish reaches 4-6.5 tons after the ladle is cast, sequentially casting the tundish, firstly performing flow in the middle and then performing flow on two sides, and controlling the depth of the molten steel of the tundish in normal casting to be 750 mm;
(4) the method comprises the following steps of (a) checking whether an accepted tundish is qualified or not before baking the tundish, wherein the adding amount of a heating agent is higher than that of the tundish bottom, a working layer of the tundish adopts dry materials, the tundish is continuously baked for more than 2.5 hours in sequence of small fire, medium fire and big fire, the liquid level of a crystallizer is calibrated, the low liquid level and the high liquid level are calibrated through calibration positions, and the calibration process is completed within 5 minutes;
b. feeding dummy ingots, plugging the dummy ingots and cooling strips;
c. starting up the crystallizer, observing the liquid level of molten steel in the crystallizer, ensuring that the seedling emergence time is more than 13 seconds, starting, and automatically controlling the rotational speed of the crystallizer when the liquid level of the molten steel is stabilized at 90%.
The optimal temperature control range of the HRB series steel tundish is 1530-1545 ℃.
The optimum temperature control range of the HPB series steel tundish is 1535-1550 ℃.
The temperature drawing speed is that the temperature of the molten steel is more than 1560 ℃, the drawing speed is more than 1.2m/min and V is less than or equal to 1.6 m/min; the temperature of the molten steel is 1550-1560 ℃, the pulling speed is more than 1.6 m/min and V is less than or equal to 2.2 m/min; the temperature of the molten steel is 1545-1550 ℃, the pulling speed is more than 2.2 m/min and V is less than or equal to 2.4 m/min; the temperature of the molten steel is 1535-1545 ℃, the pulling speed is more than 2.4 m/min and V is less than or equal to 2.8 m/min; the temperature of the molten steel is less than 1535 ℃, and the pulling speed V is less than or equal to 3.0 m/min.
The heating agent is calcium silicate powder.
The invention has the following effects:
1. the aperture of the sizing casting water gap is gradually transited, the condition that the molten steel is turned out from the bowl shape at the upper part of the water gap is lightened, and the continuous casting is stable.
2. The influence on normal pouring is avoided, and the working stability and the operation rate of the continuous casting machine can be improved.
3. The replacement quantity of the water gaps is reduced, and the cost of refractory materials is reduced.
4. The replacement of the water gap is carried out according to a plan, the temporary replacement of the water gap is avoided, and the labor intensity of workers is reduced.
The invention has the following application range and application prospect:
the invention is suitable for the same type continuous casting machine, the billet continuous casting machine uses the fixed diameter water gap to cast refractory materials to resist the corrosion of molten steel and slag and the scouring, the operation stability is improved, the service life of the tundish can be prolonged, the operation rate of the continuous casting machine is improved, and the production cost of the continuous casting machine is reduced.
The invention is a pouring method which does not need a stopper rod but depends on the inner diameter of the water gap to control the flow of the molten steel poured into the crystallizer, does not need the stopper rod and a stopper rod control mechanism, reduces the cost of refractory materials and the cost of equipment spare parts, controls the flow of the sizing water gap to be relatively stable, is beneficial to improving the quality of continuous casting billets, realizes automatic pouring and reduces the labor intensity of workers.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following embodiments
Example 1:
a method for casting a tundish of a billet continuous casting machine of a steelmaking enterprise by using a metering nozzle comprises the following steps:
1. the temperature requirement of molten steel at sizing and starting-up is as follows:
HRB series steel:
(1) the liquidus of the molten steel is 1510 ℃, and the superheat degree is less than or equal to 35 ℃.
(2) The temperature requirement of molten steel is as follows:
starting a first furnace and inserting: 1610 ℃ to 1630 ℃,
under the normal casting state: (1575 ℃ C. -1590 ℃ C.).
Tundish temperature control range: the pouring is carried out at a temperature of more than 1570 ℃ and is normally controlled to be less than or equal to 1545 ℃.
The optimal temperature control range of the tundish is as follows: at 1530-1545 ℃.
HPB series steel:
(1) the liquidus of the molten steel is 1515 ℃, the superheat degree is less than or equal to 35 DEG C
(2) The temperature requirement of molten steel is as follows:
starting a first furnace and inserting: 1605-1625 deg.C
Under the normal casting state: 1580 deg.C-1595 deg.C.
Tundish temperature control range: the casting temperature is more than 1570 ℃, and the temperature is normally controlled to be less than or equal to 1550 ℃.
The optimal temperature control range of the tundish is as follows: at 1535-1550 ℃.
2. And (3) pulling speed control:
the casting starting pulling speed is 1.2m/min, and the temperature pulling speed table is shown as follows:
3. controlling the liquid level of the tundish:
(1) after the large ladle is cast, when the liquid level of the middle ladle reaches about 4-6.5 tons, the middle ladle is immediately cast, and the molten steel capacity of the middle ladle is 28 tons;
(2) pouring of tundish: firstly, carrying out middle flow and then carrying out two-side flow;
(3) the depth of the molten steel in the normal casting ladle is controlled to be 450-750mm, and the inner diameter of the sliding block, the depth of the molten steel and the pulling speed have corresponding matching relations.
4. The sizing operation key points are as follows:
(1) inspecting, accepting and baking the tundish:
1) inspection before baking in a tundish: the adding amount of the heating agent is higher than that of the bottom of the ladle, and the adding amount of the heating agent is ensured to be in a 'hill pile' shape. Whether the stress of the spring of the quick-change mechanism is uniform and whether the spring is inclined (the distance between the mounting plate and the base is 35 mm) comprises the inspection of a hanging chain and the inspection of a slide way. Informing a packaging worker to process the abnormal condition; whether the water feeding port and the aperture of the sliding block are aligned or not is checked, and the method comprises the following steps: use the bale of drainage tube to insert into back from the slider hole and whether having the card phenomenon of hindering repeatedly (the mouth of a river of feeding and slider total length are 197mm, and the drainage tube length of intussuseption need not exceed 197 mm), and the heating agent is the calcium silicate powder.
2) The middle ladle working layer is made of dry materials, the middle ladle is continuously baked according to the sequence of small fire, medium fire and large fire, the baking time of the small fire is more than 60 minutes, the baking time of the medium fire is 45 minutes, the baking time of the large fire cannot exceed 45 minutes, the total baking time is more than 2.5 hours (the gas pressure is less than 5Kpa, the extension is 1-2 hours), and the baking time is not more than 6 hours under the normal condition. The baking time of abnormal conditions such as molten steel interruption, equipment abnormality, overtime overhaul and the like is determined according to the production rhythm, and the baked medium is not allowed to be used for more than 12 hours.
(2) Calibrating the liquid level of the crystallizer:
1) calibration conditions are as follows: the crystallizer soft water has to be opened (flow 100-.
2) Installation of cesium source and receiver: the red arrow of the cesium source is upward, the receiver and cesium source are matched with the flow, and the liquid level must be recalibrated when the crystallizer is replaced.
3) Low liquid (empty liquid) level calibration: and moving the calibration device to a position 150mm away from the upper opening of the copper pipe, enabling the wide surface of the calibration block to be close to the inner arc and the west side arc of the copper pipe of the crystallizer, pressing a vacancy button of a P3 operation box, and keeping the vacancy button until an indicator lamp of the vacancy button is lightened and released, wherein the indicator lamp is lightened for a long time.
4) And (4) high liquid (full liquid) level calibration, namely moving a calibration device to a position 50mm away from the upper opening of the copper pipe, enabling the wide surface of a calibration block to be close to the inner arc and the west side arc of the copper pipe of the crystallizer, pressing a full button of a P3 operation box, not placing the full button until an indicator lamp of the full button is lightened to release the button, then putting a vacant indicator lamp to be off, and after 2-3 seconds, turning off the indicator lamp of the full button to indicate that liquid level calibration is finished. The whole process must be completed within 5 minutes. The low level and high level calibrations do not define a sequencing order.
3. Dummy ingot feeding, dummy ingot plugging and cold discharging:
(1) and (3) ingot feeding: the dummy bar is required to be fixed by double bamboo pins, ceramic fiber cloth with the width of 150 multiplied by 400mm is laid on a dummy bar head, and the height of the dummy bar sent into the crystallizer is 350 plus 400 mm.
(2) And (3) plugging a dummy ingot: firstly, a slot of a dummy ingot head is tightly plugged by a asbestos rope, so that the vertical centering of a dummy ingot handspike is ensured. If the ceramic fiber cloth is not damaged after the dummy ingot is sent to the position, only the inner arc and the outer arc need to be plugged as required; otherwise, the four sides are plugged with asbestos ropes.
(3) Cooling the strips: the cold bars are firstly put into the ingot guide rod to be filled as far as possible, and finally the short cold bars are used for supplementing the cold bars and covering the head of the ingot guide rod.
4. Starting up operation
(1) Before starting up, the two pumps of the two cold pumps are ensured to be started. The middle ladle nozzle is centered and detected with the accurate centering of line weight, and the start-up is with 14.5 mm's slider, and four flows are forbidden to block up the mouth of a river with the shutoff awl, and open according to the group length instruction and water. The casting process requires two persons and a single-flow to start up one by one, and the tonnage of the tundish molten steel is required to be 4-6.5 tons to complete the full-flow casting process. Meanwhile, the lady needs to observe the casting condition of the tundish, and timely informs the platform of the lady to pay attention to control the tonnage of the tundish and listen to the command of the team leader, particularly the abnormal condition.
(2) And (4) draining the tundish nozzle.
When the tundish steel flow guided by the drainage tube is diverged, the steel flow must be immediately received by the swinging groove, and the swinging groove is pulled open for casting after the casting flow is full.
(3) And observing the liquid level of molten steel in the crystallizer, ensuring that the emergence time is more than 13 seconds, starting, setting the starting pulling speed to be 1.2m/min, and if the sliding block needs to be replaced, replacing the sliding block after the emergence time is 5 seconds. The person who adjusts the pulling speed adjusts the lift of pulling speed according to the rising speed of liquid level, guarantees that the actual liquid level is equivalent to the set liquid level, forbids the actual liquid level to be higher than the set liquid level, stops the steel overflow, and the person who adjusts the pulling speed should inform the pulling speed in time in the process of adjusting the pulling speed.
(4) The actual liquid level of crystallizer is stabilized and is set for the liquid level height or stabilize and can change the speed of drawing automatic control about setting for 90% of liquid level height, and the start is normal back, need not install immersion nozzle earlier, treats that the continuous casting billet overlaps immersion nozzle again after through the cutting car. If the drainage time exceeds two rods, the pouring is started for other times so as to ensure the pouring temperature of the tundish. The flow times of drainage are that the blind plate and the hydraulic cylinder are installed, once the drainage is started and the flow can not be controlled, the flow is blocked by the blocking cone or the blind plate.
(5) After the casting start, the steel flow and the liquid column condition are required to be observed, the liquid level is controlled well, the automatic rotation is carried out in time, and other flows are prepared. And (4) turning to manual operation when the water gap is broken under abnormal conditions, pulling down the casting blank, cooling the strip, and starting for the second time. The pull-down speed can not return to zero under the automatic state.
Claims (5)
1. A method for casting a tundish of a billet continuous casting machine of a steelmaking enterprise by using a metering nozzle is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) the temperature requirement of molten steel of sizing start-up comprises HRB series steel and HPB series steel, the start-up first furnace and plug-in climb: 1605 ℃ -1630 ℃, under normal casting conditions: 1575-1595 ℃, tundish control temperature: the initial pouring is more than 1570 ℃, and the normal control is less than or equal to 1550 ℃;
(2) controlling the casting pulling speed by sizing, starting the pulling speed: 1.2m/min, and the temperature pulling speed is 1.2-3 m/min;
(3) controlling the liquid level of the tundish, immediately casting the tundish when the liquid level of the molten steel of the tundish reaches 4-6.5 tons after the ladle is cast, sequentially casting the tundish, firstly performing flow in the middle and then performing flow on two sides, and controlling the depth of the molten steel of the tundish in normal casting to be 750 mm;
(4) the method comprises the following steps of (a) checking whether an accepted tundish is qualified or not before baking the tundish, wherein the adding amount of a heating agent is higher than that of the tundish bottom, a working layer of the tundish adopts dry materials, the tundish is continuously baked for more than 2.5 hours in sequence of small fire, medium fire and big fire, the liquid level of a crystallizer is calibrated, the low liquid level and the high liquid level are calibrated through calibration positions, and the calibration process is completed within 5 minutes;
b. feeding dummy ingots, plugging the dummy ingots and cooling strips;
c. starting up the crystallizer, observing the liquid level of molten steel in the crystallizer, ensuring that the seedling emergence time is more than 13 seconds, starting, and automatically controlling the rotational speed of the crystallizer when the liquid level of the molten steel is stabilized at 90%.
2. The method for casting by using a metering nozzle in the tundish of a billet caster in a steelmaking enterprise as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the optimal temperature control range of the HRB series steel tundish is 1530-1545 ℃.
3. The method for casting by using a metering nozzle in the tundish of a billet caster in a steelmaking enterprise as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the optimum temperature control range of the HPB series steel tundish is 1535-1550 ℃.
4. The method for casting by using a metering nozzle in the tundish of a billet caster in a steelmaking enterprise as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the temperature drawing speed is that the temperature of the molten steel is more than 1560 ℃, the drawing speed is more than 1.2m/min and V is less than or equal to 1.6 m/min; the temperature of the molten steel is 1550-1560 ℃, the pulling speed is more than 1.6 m/min and V is less than or equal to 2.2 m/min; the temperature of the molten steel is 1545-1550 ℃, the pulling speed is more than 2.2 m/min and V is less than or equal to 2.4 m/min; the temperature of the molten steel is 1535-1545 ℃, the pulling speed is more than 2.4 m/min and V is less than or equal to 2.8 m/min; the temperature of the molten steel is less than 1535 ℃, and the pulling speed V is less than or equal to 3.0 m/min.
5. The method for casting by using a metering nozzle in the tundish of a billet caster in a steelmaking enterprise as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the heating agent is calcium silicate powder.
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| CN110695330A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2020-01-17 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | Stable casting method for sizing nozzle of special-shaped blank tundish |
| CN111451466A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-07-28 | 山东莱钢永锋钢铁有限公司 | Automatic casting method and system for continuous casting and casting in steel mill |
| CN114472837A (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2022-05-13 | 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 | Starting casting method for fixed-diameter casting of billet continuous casting multi-flow tundish |
| CN114799094B (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2023-11-07 | 重庆钢铁股份有限公司 | Treatment method for steel infiltration between continuous casting tundish plates |
| CN114799108A (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-07-29 | 广东韶钢松山股份有限公司 | Casting starting control method for small square billet casting machine |
| CN115301911B (en) * | 2022-08-15 | 2024-04-12 | 广西钢铁集团有限公司 | Pulling speed control method in billet casting operation |
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| JP2635887B2 (en) * | 1992-06-22 | 1997-07-30 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Mold level control device |
| JP3593328B2 (en) * | 2001-10-10 | 2004-11-24 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Method for controlling flow of molten steel in mold and apparatus for forming electromagnetic field therefor |
| JP2004034090A (en) * | 2002-07-03 | 2004-02-05 | Jfe Steel Kk | Continuous casting method for steel |
| CN104550807B (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2016-08-24 | 江苏永钢集团有限公司 | Conticaster metering nozzle automatic casting method |
| CN105014028B (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2017-03-15 | 武钢集团昆明钢铁股份有限公司 | The cold burden of metering nozzle open type continuous casting square billet lays method and pouring technique is opened in starting |
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