CN115301911B - Pulling speed control method in billet casting operation - Google Patents
Pulling speed control method in billet casting operation Download PDFInfo
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- CN115301911B CN115301911B CN202210973717.9A CN202210973717A CN115301911B CN 115301911 B CN115301911 B CN 115301911B CN 202210973717 A CN202210973717 A CN 202210973717A CN 115301911 B CN115301911 B CN 115301911B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 122
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/161—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for automatic starting the casting process
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/20—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for removing cast stock
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a pull speed control method in billet casting operation, which comprises the following steps: determining starting pull speed according to the aperture of the middle-package lower sliding block; when the liquid level detection equipment detects that the liquid level of molten steel in the crystallizer reaches a threshold value height, the withdrawal and straightening machine is started at the starting withdrawal speed and the fixed speed; and the tension leveler dynamically adjusts the tension speed according to the change condition of the liquid level of the molten steel. According to the scheme, the manual starting in the prior art is changed into automatic starting of the withdrawal and straightening machine according to the set parameters, so that the casting success rate is greatly improved, the labor intensity is reduced, and the accident risk of manual operation is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steel production, in particular to a pulling speed control method in billet casting operation.
Background
The pouring method of the tundish of the current billet (165 mm is less than 165 mm) mainly adopts manual starting, and the specific operation mode is as follows: setting an initial pulling speed, observing the condition of the molten steel surface after the molten steel is led by one person, starting a vibration and withdrawal and straightening machine after the molten steel surface reaches a certain height, and manually adjusting the pulling speed according to the change condition of the liquid level, so that the difference value between the actual liquid level of the molten steel in the crystallizer and the set liquid level (target liquid level) is within +/-5 mm, and switching to a liquid level automatic control system.
In the process of implementing the present invention, the inventor finds that at least the following problems exist in the prior art:
the change of the liquid level of the crystallizer is large in the pouring box pouring process, the time from pouring to the stabilization of the liquid level of the crystallizer to the automatic control of the liquid level is greatly influenced by the operation skill and experience of operators, the change condition of the liquid level of the steel needs to be observed manually in the process, workers with relatively poor working experience cannot accurately judge, the liquid level of the steel is difficult to be stabilized in a normal range and is put into the automatic control of the liquid level, and therefore, the success rate of the manual pouring box pouring method is low and can only reach about 80%. Therefore, how to improve the success rate of billet casting is a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a pulling speed control method in billet casting operation, which aims to solve the problem of low success rate in the prior art when a manual tundish is used for casting.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a pull rate control method in billet casting operation, including: determining starting pull speed according to the aperture of the middle-package lower sliding block; when the liquid level detection equipment detects that the liquid level of molten steel in the crystallizer reaches a threshold height, the withdrawal and straightening machine is started at a starting withdrawal speed and a fixed speed; the tension leveler dynamically adjusts the tension speed according to the change condition of the liquid level of molten steel.
Further, determining a starting pull speed according to the aperture of the tundish lower slide block, specifically comprising: when the aperture of the middle ladle lower slide block is phi 15mm, the starting pulling speed is set to be 2.0m/min; when the aperture of the lower slide block of the tundish is phi 16mm, the starting pulling speed is set to be 2.2m/min.
Further, before determining the starting pull speed according to the aperture of the tundish lower slider, the method further comprises the following steps: detecting whether foreign matters exist in the crystallizer; if so, the foreign matter is removed.
Further, before determining the starting pull speed according to the aperture of the tundish lower slider, the method further comprises the following steps: judging whether the liquid level detection equipment is normal or not through the height of the liquid level detection light column; if not, correcting the liquid level detection equipment; the liquid level detection device is initialized.
Further, the threshold height is 300mm.
Further, after the withdrawal and straightening machine is started at a starting withdrawal speed and a fixed speed, the method further comprises the following steps: and after molten steel enters the crystallizer for 5-8 s, adding casting powder into the crystallizer.
Further, the pull speed control method further comprises the following steps: when the liquid level detection equipment detects that the liquid level of molten steel in the crystallizer reaches a threshold height, a vibration device of the crystallizer is started.
Further, the tension leveler dynamically adjusts the tension speed according to the change condition of the liquid level of molten steel, and specifically comprises the following steps: acquiring the current molten steel level in the crystallizer according to a preset time interval by liquid level detection equipment; and dynamically adjusting the pulling speed of the pulling and straightening machine according to the current molten steel level.
Further, the pulling speed of the tension leveler is dynamically adjusted according to the current molten steel level, and the tension leveler specifically comprises: if the current molten steel level is between the upper limit and the lower limit of the target level, keeping the current pulling speed unchanged; if the current molten steel liquid level is beyond the upper limit and the lower limit of the target liquid level, determining a pull speed revision value according to the current molten steel liquid level, and adjusting the pull speed of the next time period according to the pull speed revision value.
Further, determining a pull rate revised value according to the current molten steel level, specifically comprising: calculating the absolute value of the difference between the current molten steel level and the target level; determining a pull speed revised value according to the absolute value of the difference value, so that the pull speed revised value and the absolute value of the difference value are in a direct proportion relation; the pull rate of the next time period is adjusted according to the pull rate revision value, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: if the current molten steel level is lower than the lower limit of the target level, making the pull rate=the current pull rate-pull rate revised value in the next time period; if the current molten steel level is higher than the upper limit of the target level, the pull rate=current pull rate+pull rate revised value in the next time period.
The technical scheme has the following beneficial effects:
according to the technical scheme, the corresponding relation between the aperture of the sliding block and the starting pull speed is determined according to experience and measured data, and based on the corresponding relation, the automatic starting is realized to replace the existing manual starting, the dependence of manual starting operation on the experience of an operator is eliminated, and therefore the pouring success rate of tundish casting is greatly improved; meanwhile, by optimizing the liquid level automatic control method, the pulling speed adjustment value is in direct proportion to the difference value of the current liquid level and the target liquid level, so that the liquid level of molten steel can be quickly stabilized within the allowable range of the target liquid level, and the success rate of billet casting operation is greatly improved.
In addition, the technical scheme of the application has the following characteristics:
1. in the prior art, the labor intensity is high during manual casting operation, an operator is required to observe the liquid level condition near the crystallizer mouth, and the molten steel splashes during casting to easily cause personnel scalding accidents. By adopting the technical scheme, personnel are not required to perform field operation, so that the labor intensity is reduced, and the accident risk of splashing and burning of molten steel for the personnel is reduced;
2. in the prior art, when the pulling speed is manually adjusted to stabilize the liquid level of steel, the pulling speed is easily changed by the operation experience of staff, the fluctuation of the liquid level in a crystallizer can lead to the entrainment of mold flux into molten steel, the entrainment of the mold flux can seriously influence the quality of casting blanks to lead to casting blank inclusion, and the fluctuation of the liquid level of the crystallizer can also lead to the generation of cracks on the surface of the casting blanks and even lead to steel leakage accidents in the casting process; after the technical scheme is adopted, the liquid level of molten steel in the crystallizer can be controlled more accurately, the fluctuation of the liquid level is reduced, the occurrence of slag rolling and steel leakage accidents is reduced, meanwhile, the liquid level in the crystallizer is more stable, the cutting waste amount of a starting casting blank is reduced, the qualification rate of the casting blank is improved, and the yield of molten steel is improved.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a pull speed control method in billet casting operation, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s100, determining starting pull speed according to the aperture of the middle-package lower sliding block;
s200, when the liquid level detection equipment detects that the liquid level of molten steel in the crystallizer reaches a threshold height, starting the withdrawal and straightening machine at the starting withdrawal speed and the fixed speed;
s300, dynamically adjusting the pulling speed of the pulling straightening machine according to the change condition of the molten steel liquid level;
as described above, in the prior art, the start-up operation of the billet is performed by manually setting the start-up pull rate and manually observing the liquid level of the molten steel to control the change of the pull rate, and when the liquid level is stabilized within the allowable range of the target liquid level, the operation is switched to the liquid level automatic control system, thereby realizing the stable operation of the start-up operation. In order to solve the problem, control equipment such as liquid level detection equipment, secondary instrument and PLC is arranged in the application, and the equipment is electrically connected with an existing tension leveler, so that the tension leveler is used for replacing manual automatic starting. In the process, the precondition for realizing automatic starting is that a matching pulling speed is set according to the aperture size of the lower slide block of the tundish, if the matching of the starting pulling speed setting and the aperture size of the slide block is not proper, the casting failure caused by great fluctuation of the liquid level easily occurs, and the starting pulling speed is well matched with the aperture of the slide block, so that the casting success rate of the tundish can be greatly improved.
The working process of the technical scheme is as follows: after casting is started, after the steel flow is led out and enters the crystallizer, the liquid level of molten steel in the crystallizer gradually rises, when the liquid level detection equipment detects that the liquid level of molten steel reaches a preset threshold value (namely the vibration starting liquid level), the casting machine system automatically starts vibration, and at the moment, the control system gives a signal to the tension leveler, and the tension leveler starts to enter an automatic starting program. The main steps of the automatic starting procedure are as follows: the withdrawal and straightening machine adopts fixed withdrawal speed (namely, a starting withdrawal speed which is determined in advance according to the aperture of the sliding block) within a preset time period (500 ms); then, the liquid level detecting device detects the real-time change condition of the liquid level of molten steel, corresponding signals are input to the secondary instrument in real time through the coaxial cable, amplified and analyzed by the sampling board in the secondary instrument and then transmitted to the microcomputer board in the control system, the microcomputer board determines how the pulling speed should be adjusted, related instructions of the pulling speed adjustment are transmitted to the pulling straightening machine through the PLC control module, and the pulling straightening machine carries out the pulling speed dynamic adjustment, so that the mode of manual observation adjustment in the prior art is replaced.
Further, the step S100 specifically includes:
s110, when the aperture of the tundish lower slide block is phi 15mm, setting the starting pull speed to be 2.0m/min;
and S120, when the aperture of the tundish lower slide block is phi 16mm, setting the starting pull speed to be 2.2m/min.
Through analysis and multiple tests, the matching relation between the starting pull speed and the aperture of the sliding block is determined.
Further, before the step S100, the method further includes:
s010, detecting whether foreign matters exist in the crystallizer;
and S011, if the foreign matter exists, removing the foreign matter.
Before the automatic pouring of the tundish, preparation confirmation work needs to be carried out: after the tundish is in place and centered, the automatic casting program preparation button can be put into after no foreign matters in the crystallizer is confirmed, and mainly, the purpose that the system misjudgment, the vibration and the withdrawal and straightening machine are started to pull the dummy bar out of the crystallizer because metal matters are sensed by liquid level detection equipment (a source detector) in the middle operation process of adjusting the tundish centering before casting of the tundish is avoided.
Further, before the step S100, the method further includes:
s020, judging whether the liquid level detection equipment is normal or not through detecting the height of the light column by the liquid level;
s021, if abnormal, correcting the liquid level detection equipment;
s030, initializing the liquid level detection device.
Before the tundish is automatically poured, the calibration work of the liquid level detection equipment is also needed, so that the automatic starting failure caused by the error of liquid level detection is avoided. The actual liquid level light column automatically detected by the liquid level before casting is set in the program, the display height of the actual liquid level light column cannot exceed 10mm, if the actual liquid level detection light column height before starting is more than or equal to 10mm, the liquid level detection device is required to be checked and confirmed to be free of abnormality, and the liquid level detection device is emptied after the liquid level detection device is not interfered by sundries, so that the liquid level detection actual liquid level light column height returns to the position of 0mm, false initial signals of the liquid level detection device are eliminated, and the system can enter an automatic starting program.
Further, the threshold height is 300mm.
Through actual measurement, the threshold height is set to be 300mm more appropriately, at the moment, the vibration device and the tension leveler are started, automatic starting is started, and a better effect can be achieved.
Further, before the step S200, the method further includes:
s150, when the liquid level detection equipment detects that the liquid level of molten steel in the crystallizer reaches a threshold height, starting a vibration device of the crystallizer;
further, after the step S200, the method further includes:
s210, adding casting powder into the crystallizer after molten steel enters the crystallizer for 5-8S.
After molten steel enters a crystallizer for 5-8 seconds, a small amount of casting powder must be added, the addition amount of the casting powder is strictly controlled, and the casting powder is added according to the slight reddening of the liquid surface of the molten steel, so that excessive casting powder is easy to roll up slag to cause steel leakage to cause casting failure, and if the addition amount is too small, the steel leakage is easy to be bonded to cause casting failure.
Further, the step S300 specifically includes:
s310, acquiring the current molten steel level in the crystallizer according to a preset time interval through the liquid level detection equipment;
s320, dynamically adjusting the pulling speed of the pulling and straightening machine according to the current molten steel level.
Further, the step S320 specifically includes:
s321, if the current molten steel liquid level is between the upper limit and the lower limit of the target liquid level, keeping the current pulling speed unchanged;
s322, if the current molten steel liquid level is out of the upper limit and the lower limit of the target liquid level, determining a pull speed revision value according to the current molten steel liquid level, and adjusting the pull speed of the next time period according to the pull speed revision value.
Further, the step S322 specifically includes:
s3221, calculating the absolute value of the difference value between the current molten steel level and the target level;
s3222, determining the pull speed revised value according to the absolute value of the difference value, so that the pull speed revised value and the absolute value of the difference value are in a proportional relation;
s3223, if the current molten steel level is lower than the lower limit of the target level, making the pull rate=the current pull rate-pull rate revised value for the next time period;
s3224, if the current molten steel level is higher than the upper limit of the target level, making the pull rate=the current pull rate+the pull rate revised value in the next time period.
When the automatic starting program is effective, the vibration device and the tension leveler are started simultaneously, and the automatic starting program is started according to the starting tension speed determined before. After a delay of 500ms, the pull-up dynamic adjustment is started, namely the actual pull-up speed is changed according to the change of the actual steel liquid level: when the actual liquid level is lower than the set liquid level, the pulling speed is automatically reduced, the pulling speed is set to be lower according to the deviation condition of the current liquid level and the target liquid level, and when the actual liquid level gradually approaches the target liquid level (or the set liquid level), the pulling speed is automatically adjusted to the speed of speed increase according to the difference value between the current actual liquid level and the set liquid level; conversely, when the actual liquid level is higher than the target liquid level, the pulling speed is automatically increased according to the difference between the current liquid level and the target liquid level, and when the actual liquid level gradually approaches the target liquid level, the pulling speed is gradually reduced. By the method, the situation that the liquid level rises and falls greatly and the pulling speed is suddenly high and suddenly low in the process of adjusting the liquid level can be avoided, and finally, the liquid level of the steel is stabilized within the allowable range of the target liquid level.
Through actual measurement, in a group of specific embodiments adopting the technical scheme, the success rate of billet casting is improved to more than 98% from about 80% in the prior art, and good technical effects are obtained; and the liquid level of molten steel can be controlled within the range of +/-2.5 mm of the target liquid level by an improved liquid level automatic control method (dynamic pulling adjusting method), and the liquid level automatic control method is more accurate than the liquid level automatic control in the prior art.
In the foregoing detailed description, various features are grouped together in a single embodiment for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure. This method of disclosure is not to be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed embodiments of the subject matter require more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, invention lies in less than all features of a single disclosed embodiment. Thus the following claims are hereby expressly incorporated into this detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate preferred embodiment of this invention.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. As will be apparent to those skilled in the art; various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention, and is not meant to limit the scope of the invention, but to limit the invention to the particular embodiments, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that fall within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The pulling speed control method in the billet casting operation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining starting pull speed according to the aperture of the middle-package lower sliding block;
when the liquid level detection equipment detects that the liquid level of molten steel in the crystallizer reaches a threshold value height, the withdrawal and straightening machine is started at the starting withdrawal speed and the fixed speed;
the tension leveler carries out tension dynamic adjustment according to the change condition of the molten steel liquid level;
the method for dynamically adjusting the pulling speed of the pulling and straightening machine according to the current molten steel level comprises the following steps of:
if the current molten steel liquid level is between the upper limit and the lower limit of the target liquid level, keeping the current pulling speed unchanged;
if the current molten steel liquid level is beyond the upper limit and the lower limit of the target liquid level, determining a pull speed revision value according to the current molten steel liquid level, and adjusting the pull speed of the next time period according to the pull speed revision value;
the method for determining the pull rate revised value according to the current molten steel level specifically comprises the following steps:
calculating the absolute value of the difference between the current molten steel level and the target level;
determining the pull rate revised value according to the absolute value of the difference value, so that the pull rate revised value and the absolute value of the difference value are in a proportional relation;
the pull speed adjusting of the next time period according to the pull speed revision value specifically comprises:
if the current molten steel level is lower than the lower limit of the target level, making the pull rate=current pull rate-pull rate revised value of the next time period;
if the current molten steel level is higher than the upper limit of the target level, making the pull rate=current pull rate+pull rate revised value in the next time period;
the method for determining the starting pull speed according to the aperture of the tundish lower slide block specifically comprises the following steps:
when the aperture of the tundish lower slide block is phi 15mm, the starting pull speed is set to be 2.0m/min;
when the aperture of the tundish lower slide block is phi 16mm, the starting pull speed is set to be 2.2m/min;
the threshold height is 300mm.
2. The pull rate control method of claim 1, further comprising, prior to said determining a starting pull rate based on a tundish lower slider aperture:
detecting whether foreign matters exist in the crystallizer;
and if so, removing the foreign matters.
3. The pull rate control method of claim 1, further comprising, prior to said determining a starting pull rate based on a tundish lower slider aperture:
judging whether the liquid level detection equipment is normal or not through the height of the liquid level detection light column;
if not, correcting the liquid level detection equipment;
initializing the liquid level detection device.
4. The pull rate control method according to claim 1, further comprising, after the pull leveler is started at the start pull rate constant speed:
and adding casting powder into the crystallizer after molten steel enters the crystallizer for 5-8 s.
5. The pull rate control method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
when the liquid level detection equipment detects that the liquid level of molten steel in the crystallizer reaches a threshold height, a vibration device of the crystallizer is started.
6. The pull rate control method according to claim 3, wherein the pull leveler performs pull dynamic adjustment according to a change condition of the molten steel level, specifically comprising:
the liquid level detection equipment acquires the current liquid level of molten steel in the crystallizer according to a preset time interval;
and dynamically adjusting the pulling speed of the pulling and straightening machine according to the current molten steel level.
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| CN202210973717.9A CN115301911B (en) | 2022-08-15 | 2022-08-15 | Pulling speed control method in billet casting operation |
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| CN102328044A (en) * | 2011-08-04 | 2012-01-25 | 石家庄钢铁有限责任公司 | Automatic liquid level control method for crystallizer of large square bland continuous-casting machine |
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| CN111468694A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-07-31 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for starting casting automatically in fixed-diameter casting process of billet continuous casting machine |
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2022
- 2022-08-15 CN CN202210973717.9A patent/CN115301911B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102328044A (en) * | 2011-08-04 | 2012-01-25 | 石家庄钢铁有限责任公司 | Automatic liquid level control method for crystallizer of large square bland continuous-casting machine |
| CN107570674A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2018-01-12 | 新疆八钢铁股份有限公司 | Billet continuous casting sizing automatic casting control method |
| CN108326251A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-07-27 | 新疆八钢铁股份有限公司 | Steel-making enterprise billet caster tundish uses the method that metering nozzle is cast |
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