CN108323507A - 一种生地种子的有机丸粒化制剂及制备方法 - Google Patents

一种生地种子的有机丸粒化制剂及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108323507A
CN108323507A CN201711424743.1A CN201711424743A CN108323507A CN 108323507 A CN108323507 A CN 108323507A CN 201711424743 A CN201711424743 A CN 201711424743A CN 108323507 A CN108323507 A CN 108323507A
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radix rehmanniae
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郭业民
孙建非
史孝杰
孙莉
孙霞
赵文苹
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Shandong University of Technology
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Abstract

本发明提供一种生地种子的有机丸粒化制剂,其组成成分及包括以下重量百分比的物质:甲壳素10%~20%,玉米淀粉5%~20%,杀虫菊植物纤维及纸浆20%~40%,生物炭20%~30%,羧甲基纤维素钠1%~10%,蓖麻籽油渣1%~10%,硝酸稀土1%~3%,土壤改良剂1%~3%,生物型防腐剂0.2%~2%藻酸钠,山梨酸钾0.2%~0.5%,着色剂0.025g/kg;水分与沼液1:1混合使用;本发明所述的丸粒化制剂适用于有机生地的种植;可用于防治生地的地下害虫,线虫和地上害虫,协同增效作用明显,预防作用好,持效期长;同时促进作物侧根发育和植株生长,提高生地的产量和品质。

Description

一种生地种子的有机丸粒化制剂及制备方法
技术领域
本发明公开了一种生地种子的有机丸粒化制剂。
背景技术
现有技术中,在种植中药材生地时往往会因为苗期管理不到位,病虫害发生严重,从而药残影响严重;沼液是人们广为熟知的一种速效性与长效性兼备的生物有机肥料;沼液中含有丰富的氮、磷、钾、各类氨基酸、维生素、蛋白质、赤霉素、生长素、糖类、核酸以及抗生素等,以及丁酸、吲哚乙酸、维生素B12等活性抗性物质;因此有着促进作物生长和控制病害发生的双重作用。
种子丸粒化加工是利用种子丸粒化设备将有效成分和一些辅助材料有序分层包敷到种子上,实现种子形体放大和规则化;实现播前植保,病虫兼治,促进作物生长;丸粒化种子外层的种肥可以保证幼苗初期即能得到必需的养料,但是,丸粒化种子所使用的杀虫剂或杀菌剂毒害大,对种子发芽率 有一定影响,且有可能对环境造成污染以及危害人畜的安全;目前,种子丸粒化技术方案:首先,将种子经过清选后去除混杂物、尘土及不饱满的种子;其次将进过清选加工的种子加入丸粒化设备,进行丸粒化作业,在此作业过程中按照设备设定的程序,依次按丸粒化配方比例添加各种丸粒化材料,如农药、化肥、生长调节剂、保水剂、保肥剂、粘结剂、粉料、着色剂等,根据不同的丸粒化目的,制定不同的丸粒化包衣剂;丸粒化作业完成后,丸粒化种子进入干燥阶段,可进行机械干燥和自然干燥 ;最后进行筛选包装。种植中难以实现苗全,苗齐,苗壮,因此在迫切需要进行无公害丸粒化处理;然而,目前虽然存在各种各样的包衣剂,这些包衣剂不仅价格昂贵,而且用来对甘蓝种子进行丸粒化时难以获得良好效果,无法长期保持播后有效裂解性、缓释性和高发芽率。因此非常需要针对有机生地种子的特性(包括种子本身特性和所适应的气候特点等)的丸粒化种子。
发明内容
针对上述问题中存在的不足之处,本发明提供一种生地的有机丸粒化制剂,使其有助于生地苗期侧根生长,能够保障生地苗期健康生长,提前预防病虫害的发生,实现病虫害可控可防,保障生地的优质生产。
本发明公开了一种有机生地种子的丸粒化制剂,其特征在于,水分和沼液混合1:1使用;甲壳素10%~20%,玉米淀粉5%~20%,杀虫菊植物纤维及纸浆20%~40%,生物炭20%~30%,羧甲基纤维素钠1%~10%,蓖麻籽油渣1%~10%,硝酸稀土1%~3%,土壤改良剂1%~3%,生物型防腐剂0.2%~2% 藻酸钠,山梨酸钾0.2%~0.5%,着色剂0.1%~0.5%;常用的合成色素有胭脂红、苋菜红、柠檬黄、靛蓝等;本发明所述的丸粒化制剂,适用于有机中药材生地的种植;可用于防治生地的地下害虫、线虫和地上害虫,协同增效作用明显,预防作用好,持效期长;同时促进生地侧根发育和植株生长,提高产量和品质。
丸粒化制备方法:选用商品性状优良的抗病品种;对生地进行风选法行精选,晾晒;水分和沼液混合1:1使用,对种子,生物炭进行1小时的浸泡;生地种子丸粒化生产制备过程:第一步,加入细化生物炭,喷入纸浆,使生物炭成粒,将经过精选的生地种子浸泡后放入包衣机内,加入杀虫菊植物纤维及纸浆使种子包衣,然后加入淀粉干燥剂;第二步,加入土壤改良剂,然后加入甲壳素,杀虫菊植物纤维及纸浆,淀粉干燥剂;第三步加入稀土,蓖麻籽油渣等,喷入杀虫菊植物纤维及纸浆起到丸化种子粒径达到2~3mm;最后,加入杀虫菊植物纤维及纸浆,防腐剂,粘着剂,然后加入染色剂,固化外壳,使粒径达到3~4mm,将丸化生地种子取出及时晒干或烘干,然后将丸化种子真空包装;本发明提高了生地种子的播种出苗率,有利于抗旱播种,促进了生地机械化栽培技术的应用。
本发明的有益效果:本发明提出的一种有机生地的丸粒化技术,符合有机生产标准,降低了有机种植成本,提高了生地品质,增强了生地种植的效益,使生地的抗病性和抗虫害能力增强,达到生地高产优质的种植目的。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实例对本发明作进一步说明:
一般生地丸粒化技术实施例1,种子丸粒化技术是在种子包衣技术基础上发展起来的一项适应精细播种需要的农业高新技术,是用填充剂等惰性物质包裹种子,以调整种子形状、大小,利于机械播种,提高操作效率;此技术在工业发达国家应用较多,把中药材生地微小种子进行小球化,以利精播,此法因经过活化、硬化作用,而能防止变质,实现生地良种标准化。低毒无公害种衣剂及生物型种衣剂是中药材种衣剂的趋势;用其包衣后能减轻苗期病害,符合无公害中药材生产的要求,是绿色中药材生产的优良药剂;随着人民健康意识的增强,对中药材生地的质量要求越来越高,有机生地种衣剂研究和应用的也会越来越深入,并成为生地种衣剂研究和应用的热点。
一种生地的有机丸粒化方法实施例2:其特征在于,水分和沼液混合1:1使用;其组成成分及包括以下重量百分比的物质:甲壳素15%,玉米淀粉20%,杀虫菊植物纤维及纸浆25%,生物炭25%,羧甲基纤维素钠6%,蓖麻籽油渣5%,硝酸稀土2%,土壤改良剂2%,生物型防腐剂1% 藻酸钠,山梨酸钾0.5%,着色剂0.025g/kg;本发明所述的丸粒化制剂适用于有机生地的种植;可用于防治地下害虫、线虫和地上害虫,协同增效作用明显,预防作用好,持效期长;同时促进生地根茎发育和植株生长,提高生地的产量和品质。
品种选择:选用商品性状优良的抗病品种;对甘蓝种子进行比重法行精选,晾晒;水分和沼液混合1:1使用,对种子,生物炭进行1-2小时的浸泡;生地种子丸粒化生产制备过程:第一步,加入细化生物炭,喷入纸浆,使生物炭成粒,将经过精选的生地种子浸泡后放入包衣机内,加入杀虫菊植物纤维及纸浆使种子包衣,然后加入淀粉干燥剂;第二步,加入粘着剂,然后加入甲壳素,杀虫菊植物纤维及纸浆,淀粉干燥剂;第三步加入稀土,蓖麻籽油渣等,喷入杀虫菊植物纤维及纸浆起到丸化种子粒径达到2~3mm;最后,加入粘着剂,然后加入染色剂,固化外壳,使粒径达到3~4mm,将丸化种子取出及时晒干或烘干,然后将丸化种子真空包装;本发明提高了生地种子的播种出苗率,有利于抗旱播种,促进了有机生地机械化栽培技术的应用。
一种生地的有机丸粒化方法实施例3,其特征在于,水分和沼液混合1:1使用。其组成成分及包括以下重量百分比的物质:甲壳素5%,玉米淀粉20%,杀虫菊植物纤维及纸浆36%,生物炭30%,羧甲基纤维素钠3%,蓖麻籽油渣2%,硝酸稀土2%,土壤改良剂2%,生物型防腐剂2%藻酸钠,山梨酸钾0.5%,着色剂0.025g/kg;本发明所述的丸粒化制剂适用于有机中药材生地的种植;可用于防治农作物的地下害虫、线虫和地上害虫,协同增效作用明显,预防作用好,持效期长;同时促进生地根茎发育和植株生长,提高生地的产量和品质。
品种选择:选用商品性状优良的抗病品种留种;对生地种子进行风选法行精选,晾晒;水分和沼液混合1:1使用,对种子,生物炭进行1-2小时的浸泡;生地种子丸粒化生产制备过程:第一步,加入细化生物炭,喷入纸浆,使生物炭成粒,将经过精选的生地种子浸泡后放入包衣机内,加入杀虫菊植物纤维及纸浆使种子包衣,然后加入淀粉干燥剂;第二步,加入粘着剂,然后加入甲壳素,杀虫菊植物纤维及纸浆,淀粉干燥剂;第三步加入稀土,蓖麻籽油渣等,喷入杀虫菊植物纤维及纸浆起到丸化种子粒径达到2~3mm;最后,加入粘着剂,然后加入染色剂,固化外壳,使粒径达到3~4mm,将丸化种子取出及时晒干或烘干,然后将丸化种子真空包装;本发明提高了生地种子的播种出苗率,有利于抗旱播种,促进了有机生地机械化栽培技术的应用。
实施例2较实施例3的生地丸粒化有机种子易成型,丸粒化好;与现有技术相比,本发明能明显提高生地苗期的健壮程度,侧根发达,幼苗无病无虫,符合有机中药材生地的生产标准,具有较好经济效益;实施例2生地的产量最佳,苗期病虫害未有发生,为后期生地的栽培打下了良好的高产基础;实施例2与实施例3的价格比市场普通生地价格高1-2倍;由于上述技术方案的运用,在产量相当的情况下,经济效益增加2000元,本发明具有良好的推广前景。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明,使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明;对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的,本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下,在其它实施例中实现;因此,本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例,而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (5)

1.本发明公开了一种生地种子的有机丸粒化制剂及制备方法,其特征在于,水分和沼液1:1混合使用;其组成成分及包括以下重量百分比的物质:甲壳素10%~20%,玉米淀粉5%~20%,杀虫菊植物纤维及纸浆20%~40%,生物炭20%~30%,蓖麻籽油渣1%~10%,羧甲基纤维素钠1%~10%,硝酸稀土1%~3%,土壤改良剂1%~3%,生物型防腐剂0.2%~2%藻酸钠,山梨酸钾0.2%~0.5%,着色剂0.025g/kg。
2.根据权利要求1所述的丸粒化制剂,其特征在于前期准备:选用商品性状优良的抗病品种;对生地种子进行风选法行精选,晾晒。
3.根据权利要求1所述的丸粒化制剂,其特征在于种子浸泡:水分和沼液1:1混合使用,对生地种子与过筛生物炭进行1小时的浸泡。
4.根据权利要求1所述的丸粒化制剂,其特征在于分层丸粒化:营养剂,保护剂,包衣剂和干燥剂多层分布。
5.根据权利要求1所述的种子丸粒化方法,其特征在于多层丸粒化 :生地种子丸粒化生产制备过程:第一步,加入细化生物炭,喷入纸浆,使生物炭成粒,将经过精选的生地种子浸泡后放入包衣机内,加入杀虫菊植物纤维及纸浆使种子包衣,然后加入淀粉干燥剂;第二步,加入土壤改良剂剂,然后加入甲壳素,杀虫菊植物纤维及纸浆,淀粉干燥剂;第三步加入稀土,蓖麻籽油渣,防腐剂藻酸钠,山梨酸钾等,喷入杀虫菊植物纤维及纸浆起到丸化种子粒径达到2~3mm;最后,加入杀虫菊植物纤维及纸浆,防腐剂,粘着剂,然后加入染色剂,固化外壳,使粒径达到3~4mm,将丸化种子取出及时晒干或烘干,然后将生地丸化种子真空包装。
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