CN108318654A - Detonation state inspection method of explosive device for simulating high G value test of centrifugal machine - Google Patents
Detonation state inspection method of explosive device for simulating high G value test of centrifugal machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN108318654A CN108318654A CN201711473132.6A CN201711473132A CN108318654A CN 108318654 A CN108318654 A CN 108318654A CN 201711473132 A CN201711473132 A CN 201711473132A CN 108318654 A CN108318654 A CN 108318654A
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- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 title abstract 3
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 14
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- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
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- XTFIVUDBNACUBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane Chemical group [O-][N+](=O)N1CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)C1 XTFIVUDBNACUBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/22—Fuels; Explosives
- G01N33/227—Explosives, e.g. combustive properties thereof
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
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Abstract
The invention discloses a detonation state inspection method of an explosion device for simulating a high G value test of a centrifugal machine, which comprises the steps of establishing the explosion test device, and testing the detonation state of the explosion device at different dosages WiAnd carrying out a series of explosion tests under the conditions of explosive filling depth and air pressure equivalent water column height, and measuring to obtain a shock wave peak value P of underwater explosion of the ith testmiAnd a period of pulsation T of the bubbleiAnd performing fitting operation with a theoretical formula to obtain an equivalent charge coefficient n, and further giving the detonation states of the explosive and the detonator. The invention compares the actually measured shock wave peak value and bubble pulse period data with empirical formula data, and compares the two minimum valuesAnd the equivalent coefficient and the equivalent explosive quantity of the explosive are obtained by processing the fitting result, the judgment and the inspection of the detonation state of the explosive are realized, the underwater explosion test of the centrifuge is truly simulated, and the method has the characteristics of convenience, stability and reliability.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to explosive container design fields, are related to a kind of resistance to deep-water pressure for centrifuge Underwater Explosion test
Destructor.
Background technology
Wartime large size dam causes multiple hydraulic engineerings to occur even to burst once by explosive damage, will cause huge
Personal damage and economic loss.Therefore, study the antiknock safety problem of dam engineering to reduce to greatest extent loss and into
The assessment of row safety of dam has highly important theory directive significance.Since funds and place are limited, it is difficult to quick-fried by prototype
Fried experimental study obtains the mechanism that large-scale dam body is injured under Blast Loads；Traditional structural model test is also difficult to really take off
Show the mechanical behavior and destructive process of explosion prototype.Geotechnical centrifuge increases model gravity by high speed rotation, makes model media
Body generation and weight stress similar in prototype, the deformation of model and failure mechanism are similar to prototype, so as to simulate complicated rock
Geotechnological journey and dynamics problem, become one of the conventional means of research explosion engineering mechanics at present, but its expensive cost and
Testing expenses become its limitation promoted the use of a large area.
In addition in carrying out centrifugal model Underwater Explosion test, destructor is in underwater overweight environment, overweight ring
The external condition in border and high hydrostatic pressure, can influence the explosion property of the destructors such as detonator, or even phenomenon of miss-firing occurs, and be badly in need of
Safe and reliable, equivalent with centrifuge modelling test height destructor, and the failure mechanism of research facilities engineering are developed, to substitute
Centrifuge realizes the accurate simulation of underwater demolition under high hydrostatic pressure force environment.
Invention content
The invention discloses a kind of destructor detonation thermodynamic state verification methods for simulating the experiment of centrifuge high G-value, can
To substitute the accurate simulation that centrifuge carries out underwater demolition under high hydrostatic pressure force environment, and it is safe and reliable with experiment, it avoids
The influence miss-fired.
The specific technical solution of the present invention is as follows：
A kind of destructor detonation thermodynamic state verification method for simulating the experiment of centrifuge high G-value includes the following steps：
【1】Explosion testing device is established, in different explosive payload WiAnd the heavy depth H of powder chargeiWith air pressure equivalent water pillar height degree H0i's
Under the conditions of, multiburst experiment is carried out, measures and obtains the impact crest value P of ith experiment underwater explosionmiWith the bubble pulsation period
Ti；
【2】Classical Underwater loading empirical equation is handled, the calculation formula (2.1) of impact crest value theoretical value is obtained
With the calculation formula (2.2) of bubble pulsation period theoretical value：
Wherein kp、ApFor with the relevant shock wave parameter of explosive characteristic, KTFor with the relevant Bubble Parameters of explosive characteristic, it is right
In TNT explosives, kp=52.4, Ap=1.13, KT=2.11；Ti*、riRespectively i-th group of explosive payload WiWhen impact wave crest
Be worth theoretical value, gas bubble pulsation cyclical theory value and it is equivalent it is quick-fried away from, n be equivalent dose coefficient；
【3】According to least square method principle, equivalent coefficient n is obtained based on formula (2.1) and (2.2) fitting test data,
So that the quadratic sum r for the data point deviation that data point and each actual measurement that formula (2.1) and (2.2) are calculated obtainpAnd rTIt is
Minimum value；Determine n values so that rpAnd rTValue be minimum, wherein
【4】IfR is sought respectivelypAnd rTFor minimum value when npAnd nT, obtain formula (4.1)：
And then it solves：
Wherein npAnd nTRespectively correspond to shock wave and the equivalent dose of gas bubble pulsation；
【5】As the TNT equivalent coefficients of powder charge used in experiment, nW is the TNT of experiment powder charge used equivalent
Dose；
【6】Explosive initiation state is judged according to following criterion：
Work as n>When 1.20, main charge reaches the complete detonation of high explosion velocity；
As 0.80≤n<When 1.20, main charge is in low blasting speed detonation；
When 0<n<When 0.80, main charge is in half quick-fried or improper detonation state；
As n=0, detonator is not had an effect.
Further, the explosive is RDX.
Further, the explosion testing device includes that explosion sealing container, explosion component and sensor, container include
Upper cover plate, pedestal and outer wall, upper cover plate are provided with central through hole, sensor through-hole and air pressure valve, and explode component and sensor point
It Chuan Guo not be arranged in container chamber after central through hole and sensor through-hole；The explosion component and sensor pass through seal nipple
Sealing connects firmly on the upper cover plate of container；The container lower half fills water, and top half is filled with high pressure gas.
Further, the explosion component includes electric cap, detonation connector, primacord and explosive, the electric thunder
It is connected firmly by the connector that detonates between pipe and primacord；
The detonation connector includes primacord connector, detonator set and swivel nut；The front end of primacord connector is provided with outer
Screw thread, is provided centrally with through-hole, and primacord is arranged in the central through hole of primacord connector；Detonator set includes the front end of major diameter
With the tail end of minor diameter；The front center of detonator set is provided with the cavity for accommodating detonator, and the tail end of detonator set is provided with center and leads to
Hole connects blasting cap initiation line for wearing；Swivel nut passes through the tail end of detonator set, passes through the external screw thread of internal thread and primacord connector front end
Cooperation connection, detonator is overlayed on the end face of primacord.
Further, the seal nipple is made of compression joint, sealing element and sealed base；The compression joint
It is provided with external screw thread；The sealing element is made of compressible elastic material；Sealed base has internal thread and external screw thread,
Internal thread couples with the cooperation of the external screw thread of compression joint, and external screw thread couples with pressurized tank upper cover plate；P-wire or detonating cord pass through
The central through hole of compression joint and sealing element.
Further, it is provided with pressure gauge outside the upper cover plate.
Further, the pedestal is provided with right-angled intersection stiffener plate.
Further, the external connection of the container has a verifying attachment, the verifying attachment include signal conditioner,
Dynamic acquisition device, computer terminal and initiator, the initiator are electrically connected with the electric cap in explosion component；The sensing
Device output end carries out signal acquisition after signal conditioner is amplified conditioning to sensor signal, by dynamic acquisition device, and
The data of acquisition are stored in computer terminal.
Further, the initiator includes synchronous triggering port, passes through synchronous signal line and dynamic acquisition device phase
Connection, triggering dynamic acquisition device carry out detonator signal acquisition.
Further, sensor is laid in same level height with explosive.
The advantageous effects of the present invention are as follows：
1, the present invention carries out the essence of underwater demolition under high hydrostatic pressure force environment using pressure explosive container instead of centrifuge
True simulation test can examine destructor in height by the underwater test of the careful design accurate simulation centrifuge of pressure parameter
Explosion property under hydraulic pressure environment and detonation reliability, real simulation centrifuge Underwater Explosion test, and with facilitating stabilization
Reliably, feature at low cost.
2, the present invention uses the gentle bubble pulsation period data of impact crest value and empirical equation comparing of actual measurement, and right
Least square fitting result is handled, and powder charge equivalent coefficient and equivalent dose have been obtained, realize to explosive initiation state and
Detonation reliability is tested judges, and the peak impact pressure value that obtains according to theory or surveys peak pressure value, is calculated
The parameter for having arrived blast pressure container provides foundation for the development of explosive container.
3, the present invention is added enough water and is passed through the air of different air pressures in a sealed container, realizes different hydrostatic pressures
The blast analogue of parameter, and pressure sensor is set in a reservoir, the influence of underwater blast wave and gas bubble pulsation is measured, is ground
Study carefully explosion property, tests to the reliability of explosive charge.
4, traditional electric detonator initiation mode is tried under water in such a way that detonator and primacord winding to be bonded to adhesive tape
The phenomenon that being proved to normally be detonated, often be miss-fired in testing；The present invention uses detonation connector by detonator
It pushes and pastes with primacord end face seal condition, be allowed to and water segregation and fit closely fixation, reduce water logging and hydraulic pressure and detonator is risen
The influence of quick-fried performance, overcomes the problem of miss-firing, it is ensured that the reliability of high static pressure underwater demolition blasting cap initiation.
5, the present invention is provided with sealing element in the upper cover of explosive container, for by the sealing of p-wire and detonating cord, sealing
Part is made of compressible elastic material, is crimped on p-wire or detonating cord, it is ensured that whole container is air tight.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is explosion sealed container structure schematic diagram
Fig. 2 is p-wire/detonating cord seal joint structure schematic diagram
Fig. 3 is detonation connecting-piece structure schematic diagram
Fig. 4 is destructor structural schematic diagram
Fig. 5 underwater explosion pressure time curves
Fig. 6 shock wave lower wall infinitesimal force analysis
In figure, 1-container；2-detonating cord seal nipples；3-p-wire seal nipples；4-sensors；5-explosives；
6-water；7-air pressure valves；8-upper cover plates；9-pedestals；10-pressure gauges；11-compression joints；12-sealing elements；13-sealings
Pedestal；14-seal lines；21-electric caps；22-detonator sets；23-swivel nuts；24-primacord connectors；25-primacords；30—
Signal conditioner；31-dynamic acquisition devices；32-computer terminals；33-initiators.
Specific implementation mode
One, destructor and module related measurement devices
As shown in Figure 1, the Underwater Pressure explosion testing device of the present invention includes explosion sealing container 1, explosion component and biography
Sensor 4, container 1 include upper cover plate 8, pedestal 9 and outer wall 7, and upper cover plate 8 is provided with central through hole, sensor through-hole and air pressure valve,
Explosion component and sensor 4 are arranged after being each passed through central through hole and sensor through-hole in container chamber；Sensor and powder charge cloth
Same level height, explosion component and sensor 4 is located to connect firmly on the upper cover plate 8 of container 1 by the sealing of seal nipple 2；Hold
Device lower half fills water, and top half is filled with high pressure gas.
Two through-holes that powder charge and sensor are reserved from pressure vessel upper cover plate are arranged into inside container, and through-hole is machined with
Internal thread is respectively drawn detonating cord and p-wire from through-hole by two connectors, then screwing hermetic, pressure vessel upper cover plate
Place's installation digital pressure gauge and air pressure valve, to pressurize and read internal tank gas pressure.Pedestal 9 is provided with right-angled intersection
Stiffener plate, to improve the ability to bear of container explosion.
Circuit seal nipple of the circuit seal approach with reference to the detonating cord 2 and p-wire of antiknock pressure vessel shown in Fig. 2
3.Seal nipple includes detonating cord seal nipple 2 and p-wire seal nipple 3, and seal nipple is by compression joint 11, sealing element 12
It is formed with sealed base 13；Compression joint 11 is provided with external screw thread；Sealing element 12 is using compressible elastic material systems such as nylon
At；There is sealed base 13 internal thread and external screw thread, internal thread to couple with the cooperation of the external screw thread of compression joint 11, external screw thread and pressure
Power tank upper cover plate 8 couples；Seal line 14 namely p-wire or detonating cord pass through the center of compression joint 11 and sealing element 12 logical
Hole.
As shown in figure 3, explosion component includes electric cap 21, detonation connector, primacord 25 and explosive, electric cap 21 and lead
It is connected firmly by the connector that detonates between quick-fried rope 25；Detonation connector includes primacord connector 24, detonator set 22 and swivel nut 23；It leads quick-fried
The front end of rope slocket 24 is provided with external screw thread, is provided centrally with through-hole, and primacord 25 is arranged logical at the center of primacord connector 24
In hole；Detonator set 22 includes the tail end of the front end and minor diameter of major diameter；The front center of detonator set 22 is provided with receiving detonator
The tail end of 21 cavity, detonator set 22 is provided with central through hole, and blasting cap initiation line is connect for wearing；Swivel nut 23 passes through detonator set 22
Tail end coordinates connection by the external screw thread of 24 front end of internal thread and primacord connector, detonator 21 is overlayed at the end of primacord 25
On face.
There are three types of experiment destructors used：Detonator, cylindricality powder charge, spherical charge.According to previous centrifugal test knot
Fruit, using electric cap 21, primacord 25, spherical charge as the spherical charge destructor of Explosive sequence, in 30cm depth of water 60G gravity
Under acceleration, i.e. 277kPa hydraulic pressure (being equivalent to the 18m depth of waters), destructor cannot be acted on normally.Its main cause may be to adopt
It is the mode for being bonded detonator and primacord winding with adhesive tape with traditional blasting cap initiation mode, under high hydraulic pressure environment, electric thunder
Water layer between pipe 21 and primacord 25 can play the role of reduction to the initiating ability of electric cap 21, the phenomenon that often miss-firing
Occur.And the connection type of Fig. 3 is used, using being screwed for special Al-alloy metal connector, ensure detonator and primacord
End face is combined closely, and the built-in cavity for accommodating detonator, is allowed to completely cut off with water and is sealed, and initiating unit is not by the shadow of hydraulic pressure
It rings, that is, the pressure of water can not be transferred to detonator 21 and the end face of primacord 25 and influence its proper detonation, to reduce water
And influence of the hydraulic pressure to blasting cap initiation performance, detonator and main charge realize reliable and stable explosion by primacord.
Main charge is divided into spherical or cylindricality by shape.Spherical main charge is to gather black -2 (8701 explosives), and degree of packing is
1.65g/cm3, explosive specification are 0.5g, 0.75g, 1.0g, 2.0g, 3.0g；External 10~32cm primacords 25, primacord 25 are used
Miniature electric cap 21 detonates.Cylindricality main charge is poly- black -14, degree of packing about 1.65g/cm3, direct electric detonator initiation, dose
Specification (meter detonator dose) is 0.125g, 0.250g, 0.500g, 0.750g, 1.000g.Main charge performance parameter, explosion velocity are
8160m/s, quick-fried hot 1210kJ/mol, quick-fried appearance 663L/kg, JWL equation parameters A=6.3, B=0.175, R1=4.45, R2=
1.35, w=0.31, E=0.112.Propagation mode is aluminum hull primacord, housing diameter Φ 2.56mm, shell wall thickness 0.5mm；It leads
Quick-fried rope medicament is blunt black -5, and powder charge line density about 3.15g/m, explosion velocity is about 8041m/s.Detonation mode rises for miniature electric cap
Quick-fried, dose is 45mg explosives inside detonator, and (explosive is hexogen to 45mg primings, and priming nitrogenizes for carboxymethyl cellulose
Lead), equivalent dose 50mg, shell sizes Φ 3.78mm × 7.36mm, conductor length 40mm extend to 1m.Safe current 75mA
± 5mA, ignition DC voltage 12V ± 0.5V (± 2 μ F of 20 μ F of capacitance).
As shown in figure 4, the external connection of explosion sealing container has verifying attachment.Verifying attachment include signal conditioner 30,
Dynamic acquisition device 31, computer terminal 32 and initiator 33, the initiator 33 are electrically connected with the electric cap 21 in explosion component；
4 output end of sensor is after signal conditioner 30 is amplified conditioning to 4 signal of sensor, by dynamic acquisition device 31
Signal acquisition is carried out, and the data of acquisition are stored in computer terminal 32.
Initiator 33 includes synchronous triggering port, is connected by synchronous signal line and dynamic acquisition device 31, triggering dynamic
Collector 31 carries out detonator signal acquisition.Initiator 33 uses GBP414 type initiators, has and measures, shows network DC electricity
Resistance, and detonation electric cap 21 function, and be not necessarily to battery powered.The key technical indexes includes output voltage：≥1600V
(moment after charging)；Initiating ability：When conductor resistance is not more than 50 Ω, detonate military 8# electric caps 200 of connecting immediately after charging
Hair；Weight：≤1kg；Volume：Length × width × height≤160mm × 105mm × 60mm.
Sensor 4 uses water pressure sensor, the model PCB 138A10 pressure sensings for using ICP companies to produce
Device, range 68.95MPa, sensitivity coefficient 73mV/MPa, resonant frequency >=1000kHz, low-response frequency 2.5Hz.It should
Pressure signal in water can be converted to electric signal by model pressure sensor, but be needed at the conditioner of model 482C
Reason.The tool of signal conditioner 30 can provide suitable current source to maintain working sensor there are four autonomous channel for sensor,
Outputting and inputting for each channel uses bnc interface in plate below.
Dynamic acquisition device 31 uses high-speed data acquistion system, and Dong Huatai is used to survey the model DH5960's of company
Super dynamic signalling analysis system, has wide range of applications, can complete ess-strain, vibration (acceleration, speed, displacement),
The various physical quantitys such as impact, acoustics, temperature (various types thermocouple, platinum resistance), pressure, flow, power, torque, voltage, electric current
Test and analysis.20MHz High-speed transient sampling rates are widely used in impact, explosion bulge test, accurately capture transient signal.
With 16 autonomous channels, sample frequency is set as 1M when experiment.
Destructor and test sensor are connected and are arranged in pressure vessel with detonating cord and p-wire, and connects and sets
Set data collecting system.Dose, the heavy depth of setting powder charge and measuring distance are chosen according to testing program, then sealing pressing to scheme
When designed pressure, detonate destructor, the water pressure variation that test underwater explosion generates.
Two, explosive test and theoretical calculation
Explosive test is carried out using above-mentioned destructor, explosive test content is broadly divided into four parts：Detonator performance
Test, pressurization model likelihood verification, cylindricality powder charge experiment, spherical charge detonation performance test.Detonation performance test mainly needs
It examines under 30m depth of water environment and (is equivalent in centrifugal model test, 100G centrifugal accelerations, the 30cm depth of waters), i.e., it is big at 4
Under air pressure, whether destructor can reliably detonate completely.
Underwater explosion load includes underwater blast wave and gas bubble pulsation, and Cole has done a large amount of research work for underwater explosion
Make, proposes the empirical equation of underwater blast wave calculation of pressure, underwater blast wave and gas bubble pulsation formula can be by following formulas
(1), formula (2) determines：
In formula：W is the charging quality (kg) for being converted to TNT；R is quick-fried away from (m)；H is that powder charge is heavy deep (m)；H0It is atmospheric pressure
Equivalent water-column (m), the equivalent water-column of standard atmospheric pressure is 10.34m；kp、ApFor with the relevant impact of explosive characteristic
Wave parameter, KTFor with the relevant Bubble Parameters of explosive characteristic, for TNT explosives, kp=52.4, Ap=1.13, KT=2.11.Examination
It is RDX to test destructor main charge ingredient used, and RDX medicaments power in the case of complete detonation is 1.58 times of TNT explosives.
RDX explosive payloads used in experiment are converted into TNT equivalents by convolution (1) and formula (2) according to equivalent coefficient n, using etc.
The purpose of effect coefficient n is to overcome the influence of different explosive types and result of exploding.Each group explosive payload is WiExperimental evidence warp
Testing the shock wave peak pressure that formula is calculated isSee that formula (3), gas bubble pulsation period areSee formula (4)：
The pressure-time curve measured simultaneously by sensor using test method as figure 5 illustrates, in each group operating condition of test,
The explosive payload W of i-th group of experimentiIt is Hi and the equivalent water-column of air pressure is H to sink depth in powder charge0iUnder conditions of, it is measured after explosion
Impact crest value PmiWith bubble pulsation period Ti(difference for being equal to secondary surge pressure moment and shock wave peak pressure moment)
It is arranged, comparative test result is analyzed.
According to least square method principle, equivalent coefficient n is calculated based on formula (3) and (4) fitting test data so that formula
(3) and (4) data point for being calculated and each quadratic sum r for surveying obtained data point deviationpAnd rTIt is minimum value；I.e. really
Determine n values so that rpAnd rTValue be minimum, wherein
Due to rpAnd rTIt is the function about n, seeks r respectivelypAnd rTFor minimum value when npAnd nTIfThen see formula (6)：
It can be acquired by formula (5), formula (6)：
npAnd nTShock wave and the equivalent dose of gas bubble pulsation are respectively corresponded to, it should in the case of explosive complete detonation
Meet np≈nT, takeTNT equivalent coefficients as powder charge used in experiment.
According to the size of the coefficient value, and field test phenomenon is combined, preliminary judgement can be made：It is as n >=1.00, i.e., quick-fried
The power of explosion unit be equivalent to or more than equivalent TNT powers, that is, think main charge reliable initiation；As n ≈ 1.58, approach
The equivalent coefficient of RDX medicaments shows that main charge reaches the complete detonation of high explosion velocity；As n ＜ ＜ 1, i.e. judgement explodes and cannot not
By detonation.In addition, it is 50mg to be checked by test due to the equivalent dose of detonator, if the equivalent dose nW ≈ 50mg of destructor
When, then it can determine whether blasting cap detonation, but the main charge that do not detonate；If not measuring any shock wave pressure peak value, i.e. when n=0, then may be used
Judgement detonator is not had an effect.
Judge that section, interval range take ± 20%, then following decision criteria can be obtained using n=1 as standard setting：
Work as n>When 1.20, main charge reaches the complete detonation of high explosion velocity；
As 0.80≤n<When 1.20, main charge is in low blasting speed detonation；
When 0<n<When 0.80, main charge is in half quick-fried or improper detonation state；
As n=0, detonator is not had an effect.
Main charge is under detonation state, i.e. when n >=0.80, which tends towards stability, and can be used to
It is calculated as the equivalent dose coefficients of its TNT.
Three, explosive container design calculates
According to the above explosive test as a result, the parameter to explosive container is designed, steps are as follows for design calculating：
(1) basic principle and blast impulse parameter determine
The characteristics of according to explosive test, has ignored the energy of hydraulic pressure compression deformation consumption.This is because water is difficult to compress
Liquid, when ambient pressure increases to 100M Pa, the density of water only increases by 5% or so.Therefore explosive explosion time in water, water
The transmission efficiency of the strain energy of distortion very little itself consumed, explosion energy is high.
Secondly, the processing request of the characteristics of being tested according to simulated explosion and container, it is determined that preliminary parameters below：
Air pressure P is filled in container0For 0.4MPa, underwater explosion dose 3g is born, size Φ 80cm × 100cm, material is preferred
Intensity is more than the steel of Q235.
For concentrating blasting method, the surge pressure theoretical value of underwater shock wave wave surfaceFor shown in formula (9)
In formula:The surge pressure in wave surface, Pa are obtained for theoretical calculation；kpConstant related with explosive property, it is right
TNT explosives kp=52.4；W is dose, kg；R is distance of the object away from pack center, m；ApFor damped expoential, to TNT explosives, Ap
=1.13.
The functional relation of underwater shock wave pressure P and time t is formula (10)
θ is integral constant in formula,
When to the Parameter design and computations of cavity charge containers, considers that shock wave is reflected in tank skin and be superimposed, tank skin is reached with shock wave
When surge pressure Pm2 times be used as explosive load, strength check is carried out to the side wall of cavity charge containers and bottom surface respectively.
(2) cavity charge containers sidewall thickness calculates
First according to formula (10) and (11), the surge pressure that water borehole blasting shock wave reaches side wall is calculatedTank
Interior initial pressure is P0, then the pressure loading P that side wall is subject to is formula (12)：
Wherein P0It is stamping press in container, that is, initial pressure in the preceding container of explosion.
Tank skin infinitesimal stressing conditions such as Fig. 6, can be balanced equation (13)：
P is the pressure loading suffered by side wall in formula, and a is cavity charge containers radius, σθFor side wall tensile stress.
It is obtained by formula (13)：
After steel type used in cavity charge containers is determined and cavity charge containers radius a, the most stool of material is it has been determined that only
Make σθ≤[σs] i.e. can guarantee cavity charge containers safety, to which wall thickness δ be calculated.
(3) cavity charge containers bottom surface strength check
The strength check of cavity charge containers bottom surface is checked mainly for tank bottom shearing strength, is wanted for proof strength satisfaction
It asks, when calculating the shock loading that tank bottom receives, regards spherical surface shock wave approximation as plane wave, it is believed that shock wave wave crest arrives simultaneously
It up to bottom surface and reflects, the maximum impact pressure load reference formula (12) that bottom surface is subject to.
Equilibrium equation (15) when tank bottom is hit
Pπa2=2 π a δbσg (15)
δ in formulabFor tank bottom wall thickness, σgFor bottom surface tank skin shear stress.
Formula (16) can be obtained by (15) formula：
After steel type used in cavity charge containers is determined, the shearing strength [σ of materialg] just it has been determined that according to cavity charge containers
As long as radius a, so that shear stress σ in materialgLess than the shearing strength [σ of materialg], you can the safety for ensureing cavity charge containers, to count
Calculation obtains tank bottom wall thickness δb。
It should be noted that the above Parameters design is the side being combined according to aforementioned theoretical calculation and experimental data
Formula after explosive equivalent coefficient n is calculated, according to formula (9), obtains surge pressure theoretical valueAnd respectively according to formula
(12) the blasting pot parameter being finally calculated after pressure loading P is obtained.
The surge pressure measured value P that can also be obtained in practical applications according to experimentmTo replace theoretical valueTo explosion
The parameter of container is designed calculating.
(4) final blasting pot design parameter
Explode can container overall height 1200mm, internal height 960mm, side thickness 20mm, upper and lower covers plate thickness 35mm, bottom cover plate
Install well word holder additional.Upper cover plate center and away from the through-hole for reserving diameter 50mm at the 250mm of center, passes to lay explosive and pressure
Sensor, powder charge heavy depth 300mm, depth of water 700mm, sensor and powder charge are laid in same level height, and distance 300mm can meet
Required explosive type and the requirement of the simulation test of equivalent, and ensure the safety of simulated explosion experiment.
Claims (10)
1. it is a kind of for simulate centrifuge high G-value experiment destructor detonation thermodynamic state verification method, which is characterized in that including with
Lower step：
【1】Explosion testing device is established based on detonator and explosive, in different explosive payload WiAnd the heavy depth H of powder chargeiWith air pressure equivalent water column
Height H0iUnder conditions of, multiburst experiment is carried out, measures and obtains the impact crest value P of ith experiment underwater explosionmiIt is gentle
Steep pulsation period Ti；
【2】Classical Underwater loading empirical equation is handled, the calculation formula (2.1) for obtaining impact crest value theoretical value is gentle
Steep the calculation formula (2.2) of pulsation period theoretical value：
Wherein kp、ApFor with the relevant shock wave parameter of explosive characteristic, KTFor with the relevant Bubble Parameters of explosive characteristic, for TNT
Explosive, kp=52.4, Ap=1.13, KT=2.11；Ti *、riRespectively i-th group of explosive payload WiWhen impact crest value it is theoretical
Value, gas bubble pulsation cyclical theory value and it is equivalent it is quick-fried away from, n be equivalent dose coefficient；
【3】According to least square method principle, equivalent coefficient n is calculated based on formula (2.1) and (2.2) fitting test data so that
The data point and each quadratic sum r for surveying obtained data point deviation that formula (2.1) and (2.2) are calculatedpAnd rTIt is minimum
Value；Determine n values so that rpAnd rTValue be minimum, wherein
【4】If R is sought respectivelypAnd rTFor minimum value when npAnd nT, obtain formula (4.1)：
And then it solves：
Wherein npAnd nTRespectively correspond to shock wave and the equivalent dose of gas bubble pulsation；
【5】As the TNT equivalent coefficients of powder charge used in experiment, nW is the equivalent medicines of TNT for testing powder charge used
Amount；
【6】Explosive initiation state is judged according to following criterion：
Work as n>When 1.20, main charge reaches the complete detonation of high explosion velocity；
As 0.80≤n<When 1.20, main charge is in low blasting speed detonation；
When 0<n<When 0.80, main charge is in half quick-fried or improper detonation state；
As n=0, detonator is not had an effect.
2. the destructor detonation thermodynamic state verification method according to claim 1 for simulating the experiment of centrifuge high G-value,
It is characterized in that：The explosive is RDX.
3. the destructor detonation thermodynamic state verification method according to claim 1 for simulating the experiment of centrifuge high G-value,
It is characterized in that：The explosion testing device includes explosion sealing container (1), explosion component and sensor (4), container (1) packet
Upper cover plate (8), pedestal (9) and outer wall (7) are included, upper cover plate (8) is provided with central through hole, sensor through-hole and air pressure valve, explosion
Component and sensor (4) are arranged after being each passed through central through hole and sensor through-hole in container chamber；The explosion component and
Sensor (4) is connected firmly by seal nipple sealing on the upper cover plate (8) of container (1)；Described container (1) lower half fills
Water, top half is filled with high pressure gas.
4. the destructor detonation thermodynamic state verification method according to claim 3 for simulating the experiment of centrifuge high G-value,
It is characterized in that：The explosion component includes electric cap (21), detonation connector, primacord (25) and explosive, the electric thunder
It is connected firmly by the connector that detonates between pipe (21) and primacord (25)；
The detonation connector includes primacord connector (24), detonator set (22) and swivel nut (23)；Primacord connector (24)
Front end is provided with external screw thread, is provided centrally with through-hole, and primacord (25) is arranged in the central through hole of primacord connector (24)；Thunder
Pipe sleeve (22) includes the front end of major diameter and the tail end of minor diameter；The front center of detonator set (22), which is provided with, accommodates detonator (21)
Cavity, the tail end of detonator set (22) is provided with central through hole, blasting cap initiation line connect for wearing；Swivel nut (23) passes through detonator set
(22) detonator (21) is overlayed and is being led by internal thread and the cooperation connection of the external screw thread of primacord connector (24) front end by tail end
On the end face of quick-fried rope (25).
5. the destructor detonation thermodynamic state verification method according to claim 3 for simulating the experiment of centrifuge high G-value,
It is characterized in that：The seal nipple is made of compression joint (11), sealing element (12) and sealed base (13)；The compression
Connector (11) is provided with external screw thread；The sealing element (12) is made of compressible elastic material；Sealed base (13) has
There are internal thread and external screw thread, internal thread to couple with the cooperation of the external screw thread of compression joint (11), external screw thread and pressurized tank upper cover plate (8)
Connection；P-wire or detonating cord pass through the central through hole of compression joint (11) and sealing element (12).
6. the destructor detonation thermodynamic state verification method according to claim 3 for simulating the experiment of centrifuge high G-value,
It is characterized in that：It is provided with pressure gauge outside the upper cover plate (8).
7. the destructor detonation thermodynamic state verification method according to claim 3 for simulating the experiment of centrifuge high G-value,
It is characterized in that：The pedestal (9) is provided with right-angled intersection stiffener plate.
8. the destructor detonation thermodynamic state verification method according to claim 3 for simulating the experiment of centrifuge high G-value,
It is characterized in that：It includes signal conditioner (30), dynamic that the external connection of the container, which has verifying attachment, the verifying attachment,
Collector (32), computer terminal (32) and initiator (33), the initiator (33) and the electric cap (21) in explosion component
It electrically connects；Sensor (4) output end is after signal conditioner (30) is amplified conditioning to sensor signal, by moving
State collector (32) carries out signal acquisition, and the data of acquisition are stored in computer terminal (32).
9. the destructor detonation thermodynamic state verification method according to claim 3 for simulating the experiment of centrifuge high G-value,
It is characterized in that：The initiator (33) includes synchronous triggering port, passes through synchronous signal line and dynamic acquisition device (32) phase
Connection, triggering dynamic acquisition device (32) carry out detonator signal acquisition.
10. the destructor detonation thermodynamic state verification method according to claim 3 for simulating the experiment of centrifuge high G-value,
It is characterized in that：Sensor is laid in same level height with explosive.
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