CN108318337B - High-temperature aging treatment process for novel ferrite heat-resistant steel for thermal power plant - Google Patents
High-temperature aging treatment process for novel ferrite heat-resistant steel for thermal power plant Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-temperature aging treatment process of novel ferrite type heat-resistant steel for a thermal power plant, which comprises the following steps: s1, sampling: sampling the ferrite heat-resistant steel with the length of 1M and the diameter of 30-55cm, and cleaning the surface before manufacturing to reduce the influence of subsequent medium-high temperature on the ferrite heat-resistant steel; s2, vacuum high-temperature chamber: high temperature is the simplest detection method and is used in various fields. Under the existing process conditions, the method can reduce the external influence factors of the ferrite heat-resistant steel, has low power consumption and high reliability, is advanced in manufacturing process, heats the ferrite heat-resistant steel at high temperature by adopting a gradually increasing trend at the temperature of the vacuum high-temperature chamber, detects the change of the ferrite heat-resistant steel in an effective time, can effectively and continuously keep the temperature unchanged when the temperature of the vacuum high-temperature chamber reaches a set maximum value, can effectively improve the influence of an enterprise, and has good popularization value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to ferrite type heat-resistant steel, in particular to a novel ferrite type heat-resistant steel high-temperature aging treatment process for a thermal power plant.
Background
With the increasing year-by-year running time of a thermal power plant, the number of age-old units in service in an overdimension mode is increased continuously, the creep damage and the material aging degree of high-temperature parts become serious day by day, damage accidents occur sometimes, and the problem of pipe explosion of heating surface pipes such as a superheater and a reheater is always the main reason for unplanned shutdown of the thermal power unit. According to statistics, about 2/3 accidents of the utility boiler are caused by pipe explosion accidents of the heating surface. In recent years, the parameters of the unit are continuously improved, the failure accidents of the heating surface pipe of the power station boiler tend to rise, and the safe operation and the economical efficiency of the unit are seriously influenced. Therefore, the problems of service life evaluation and operation safety of the aged unit of the thermal power plant are urgently solved.
The traditional residual life evaluation method is not very reliable, particularly for long-term residual life prediction, the existing method may generate more than one order of magnitude of error, and for developing a novel reliable residual life evaluation method for the ferrite type heat-resistant steel high-temperature element for the power station, the evolution rule of the microstructure and creep damage of the related service material under the high-temperature and high-stress environment must be mastered deeply. Therefore, a novel ferrite type heat-resistant steel high-temperature aging treatment process for thermal power plants is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a novel ferrite type heat-resistant steel high-temperature aging treatment process for a thermal power plant, which is characterized in that compared with the prior art, the ferrite type heat-resistant steel is placed in a vacuum high-temperature chamber because of the vacuum characteristic, the external influence factors of the ferrite type heat-resistant steel can be reduced under the prior process condition, the power consumption is low, the reliability is high, the manufacturing process is advanced, the temperature of the vacuum high-temperature chamber is gradually increased to heat the ferrite type heat-resistant steel at high temperature, the change of the ferrite type heat-resistant steel is detected in effective time, and when the temperature of the vacuum high-temperature chamber reaches a set maximum value, the temperature can be effectively and continuously kept unchanged, the influence of an enterprise can be effectively improved, and the process has good popularization value.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a high-temperature aging treatment process for novel ferrite heat-resistant steel for thermal power plants comprises the following steps:
s1, sampling: sampling the ferrite heat-resistant steel with the length of 1M and the diameter of 30-55cm, and cleaning the surface before manufacturing to reduce the influence of subsequent medium-high temperature on the ferrite heat-resistant steel;
s2, vacuum high-temperature chamber: the vacuum high-temperature chamber is characterized in that (1) the vacuum pump pumps and exhausts the air in the high-temperature chamber to the outer side of the high-temperature chamber; (2) injecting a heating gas raw material into a vacuum high-temperature chamber through a precision device, and matching with a heating source in the vacuum high-temperature chamber for use; (3) wherein the temperature in the vacuum high-temperature chamber is set to be 560-760 ℃, the time is 40min, the temperature is increased gradually, and the sample is placed in the fixing bolts at two ends of a high-temperature tensile testing machine arranged in the vacuum high-temperature chamber;
s3, constant temperature control: the constant-temperature semiconductor laser is arranged in the inner cavity of the vacuum high-temperature chamber and is combined with a heat conduction block in a heat preservation cavity structure of the vacuum high-temperature chamber, so that the temperature in the vacuum high-temperature chamber is continuously maintained when reaching 760 ℃;
s4, synchronous radiation light source detection method: in the process of placing a sample, the initial state of the sample is evaluated, a synchronous high-energy X-ray is adopted as an excitation light source technology, when the synchronous high-energy X-ray is carried out on a BL13W1 line station and acts on the surface of the sample, fine and real-time structural analysis is provided for the process of the whole life cycle of the sample, and the size of the spherical carbide of the sample is observed;
s5, detecting tensile strength and elongation: after the working procedures, a high-temperature creep-deformed sample tester is used as a detection mechanism for stretching the material of the sample, the two ends of the material are fixed by using a high-temperature stretching tester, the tensile strength and the elongation are detected in real time by a synchrotron radiation light source, and the imaging method is similar coaxial phase contrast imaging (XMCT);
s6, hardness detection: after the pattern forming is finished through the high-temperature, tensile strength and elongation detection, the Leeb hardness of a creep sample is tested by using a Leeb hardness tester, and the whole high-temperature aging treatment is finished by adopting a test method according to ASTMA956-2006 test method for testing the Leeb hardness of steel products;
s7, mathematical simulation and analysis: and then, carrying out mathematical simulation and analysis on the data of the mechanical property test and the microstructure evolution rule by adopting Matlab/Ansys mathematical software, and establishing a mathematical mapping relation between the microstructure evolution and the conventional physical property.
Preferably, in the hardness detection step, a Leeb hardness tester is mounted at the top end of the high-temperature vacuum chamber and vertically acts on the surface of the sample, and the hardness detection times are up to thousands of times.
Preferably, in the step of measuring the tensile strength and the elongation, the number of times of stretching the sample by the high-temperature tensile tester is 1000 or more.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that: compared with the prior art, the reason why the ferrite heat-resistant steel is placed in the vacuum high-temperature chamber is that the vacuum characteristic can reduce the external influence factors of the ferrite heat-resistant steel under the existing process conditions, the power consumption is low, the reliability is high, the manufacturing process is advanced, the temperature of the vacuum high-temperature chamber is gradually increased to heat the ferrite heat-resistant steel at high temperature, the change of the ferrite heat-resistant steel is detected in effective time, when the temperature of the vacuum high-temperature chamber reaches a set maximum value, the temperature can be effectively and continuously kept unchanged, the influence of an enterprise can be effectively improved, and the vacuum high-temperature chamber has good popularization value.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Examples
A high-temperature aging treatment process for novel ferrite heat-resistant steel for thermal power plants comprises the following steps:
s1, sampling: sampling the ferrite heat-resistant steel with the length of 1M and the diameter of 30-55cm, and cleaning the surface before manufacturing to reduce the influence of subsequent medium-high temperature on the ferrite heat-resistant steel;
s2, vacuum high-temperature chamber: the vacuum high-temperature chamber is characterized in that (1) the vacuum pump pumps and exhausts the air in the high-temperature chamber to the outer side of the high-temperature chamber; (2) injecting a heating gas raw material into a vacuum high-temperature chamber through a precision device, and matching with a heating source in the vacuum high-temperature chamber for use; (3) wherein the temperature in the vacuum high-temperature chamber is set to be 560-760 ℃, the time is 40min, the temperature is increased gradually, and the sample is placed in the fixing bolts at two ends of a high-temperature tensile testing machine arranged in the vacuum high-temperature chamber;
s3, constant temperature control: the constant-temperature semiconductor laser is arranged in the inner cavity of the vacuum high-temperature chamber and is combined with a heat conduction block in a heat preservation cavity structure of the vacuum high-temperature chamber, so that the temperature in the vacuum high-temperature chamber is continuously maintained when reaching 760 ℃;
s4, synchronous radiation light source detection method: in the process of placing a sample, the initial state of the sample is evaluated, a synchronous high-energy X-ray is adopted as an excitation light source technology, when the synchronous high-energy X-ray is carried out on a BL13W1 line station and acts on the surface of the sample, fine and real-time structural analysis is provided for the process of the whole life cycle of the sample, and the size of the spherical carbide of the sample is observed;
s5, detecting tensile strength and elongation: after the working procedures, the sample passing through high-temperature creep is used as a detection mechanism in a high-temperature tensile sample tester to stretch the material of the sample, the high-temperature tensile tester fixes the two ends of the material, detects the tensile strength and the elongation rate in real time by a synchrotron radiation light source, adopts an imaging means as micro tomography (XMCT), and adopts an imaging method similar to a coaxial phase contrast imaging method;
s6, hardness detection: after the pattern forming is finished through the high-temperature, tensile strength and elongation detection, the Leeb hardness of a creep sample is tested by using a Leeb hardness tester, and the whole high-temperature aging treatment is finished by adopting a test method according to ASTMA956-2006 test method for testing the Leeb hardness of steel products;
s7, mathematical simulation and analysis: and then, carrying out mathematical simulation and analysis on the data of the mechanical property test and the microstructure evolution rule by adopting Matlab/Ansys mathematical software, and establishing a mathematical mapping relation between the microstructure evolution and the conventional physical property.
In summary, the following steps: compared with the prior art, the novel ferrite type heat-resistant steel high-temperature aging treatment process for the thermal power plant has the advantages that the ferrite type heat-resistant steel is placed in the vacuum high-temperature chamber due to the vacuum characteristic, the external influence factors of the ferrite type heat-resistant steel can be reduced under the existing process conditions, the power consumption is low, the reliability is high, the manufacturing process is advanced, the vacuum high-temperature chamber temperature is used for heating the ferrite type heat-resistant steel at high temperature in a gradually increasing trend, the change of the ferrite type heat-resistant steel is detected in effective time, when the vacuum high-temperature chamber temperature reaches a set maximum value, the temperature can be effectively and continuously kept unchanged, the influence of an enterprise can be effectively improved, and the popularization value is good.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A high-temperature aging treatment process of novel ferrite heat-resistant steel for thermal power plants is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, sampling: sampling the ferrite heat-resistant steel with the length of 1M and the diameter of 30-55cm, and cleaning the surface before manufacturing to reduce the influence of subsequent medium-high temperature on the ferrite heat-resistant steel;
s2, vacuum high-temperature chamber: the vacuum high-temperature chamber is characterized in that (1) the vacuum pump pumps and exhausts the air in the high-temperature chamber to the outer side of the high-temperature chamber; (2) injecting a heating gas raw material into a vacuum high-temperature chamber through a precision device, and matching with a heating source in the vacuum high-temperature chamber for use; (3) wherein the temperature in the vacuum high-temperature chamber is set to be 560-760 ℃, the time is 40min, the temperature is increased gradually, and the sample is placed in the fixing bolts at two ends of a high-temperature tensile testing machine arranged in the vacuum high-temperature chamber;
s3, constant temperature control: the constant-temperature semiconductor laser is arranged in the inner cavity of the vacuum high-temperature chamber and is combined with a heat conduction block in a heat preservation cavity structure of the vacuum high-temperature chamber, so that the temperature in the vacuum high-temperature chamber is continuously maintained when reaching 760 ℃;
s4, synchronous radiation light source detection method: in the process of placing a sample, the initial state of the sample is evaluated, a synchronous high-energy X-ray is adopted as an excitation light source technology, when the synchronous high-energy X-ray is carried out on a BL13W1 line station and acts on the surface of the sample, fine and real-time structural analysis is provided for the process of the whole life cycle of the sample, and the size of the spherical carbide of the sample is observed;
s5, detecting tensile strength and elongation: after the working procedures, a high-temperature creep-deformed sample tester is used as a detection mechanism for stretching the material of the sample, the two ends of the material are fixed by using a high-temperature stretching tester, the tensile strength and the elongation are detected in real time by a synchrotron radiation light source, and the imaging method is similar coaxial phase contrast imaging (XMCT);
s6, hardness detection: after the pattern forming is finished through the high-temperature, tensile strength and elongation detection, the Richter hardness of a creep sample is tested by using a Richter hardness tester, and the whole high-temperature aging treatment is finished by using the test method according to ASTM A956-2006 test method for testing the Richter hardness of steel products;
s7, mathematical simulation and analysis: and then, carrying out mathematical simulation and analysis on the data of the mechanical property test and the microstructure evolution rule by adopting Matlab/Ansys mathematical software, and establishing a mathematical mapping relation between the microstructure evolution and the conventional physical property.
2. The high-temperature aging treatment process of the novel ferrite type heat-resistant steel for the thermal power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the hardness detection step, a Leeb hardness tester is arranged at the top end of a high-temperature vacuum chamber and vertically acts on the surface of a sample, and the hardness detection times are up to thousands of times.
3. The high-temperature aging treatment process of the novel ferrite type heat-resistant steel for the thermal power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step of detecting the tensile strength and the elongation, the high-temperature tensile testing machine stretches the sample for more than 1000 times.
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