CN104237044A - Testing machine for quantitatively measuring thermal fatigue performance of alloy and forecasting life span of alloy - Google Patents
Testing machine for quantitatively measuring thermal fatigue performance of alloy and forecasting life span of alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN104237044A CN104237044A CN201310241859.7A CN201310241859A CN104237044A CN 104237044 A CN104237044 A CN 104237044A CN 201310241859 A CN201310241859 A CN 201310241859A CN 104237044 A CN104237044 A CN 104237044A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a testing machine for quantitatively measuring the thermal fatigue performance of alloy and forecasting the life span of the alloy. The testing machine comprises a heating system, a measuring system, a control system, a computer and a cooling system, wherein the heating system comprises a high-frequency induction heater and an induction coil; the measuring system comprises a test sample fixing bracket which is fixed in the induction coil and is used for fixing a test sample, a thermalcouple and a strain gauge; the cooling system comprises a water tank, an electromagnetic valve and a water pipe; a water outlet of the water pipe is opposite to the test sample; the control system comprises a control chip, a temperature transducer, a strain transducer, a first alternating current contactor, a second alternating current contactor, a first electromagnetic relay and a second electromagnetic relay. The testing machine is completely automatic and runs flexibly; the heating and cooling circulating process is controlled by the computer; the temperature can be accurately controlled, and errors caused by manmade factors are avoided; a normalized test result can be obtained; meanwhile, the labor is relieved; in a test process, the test can be finished only by doing little work.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of material testing apparatus, particularly the testing machine of a kind of quantitative measurment alloy thermal fatigue property and prediction alloy life.
Background technology
Heat fatigue refers to that the material free expansion that temperature variation causes or contraction suffer restraints, consequently at material internal because being out of shape restricted generation thermal stress, when temperature changes repeatedly, this thermal stress also changes repeatedly, thus makes material sustain damage.High temperature alloy, mainly for the manufacture of aero-turbine hot-end component and the various high-temperature component of space rocket engine, is modern Aviation, the requisite critical component of airspace engine.In Aeronautics and Astronautics engine, high temperature alloy long-term work under 600 ~ 1200 DEG C of high temperature and complex stress effect, condition is more severe.Especially, when firing chamber combustion is uneven, when working bad, the alloy affected by hot loading as guide vane is larger, in this case, easily produces fatigue crack.Therefore heat fatigue is the main cause of turbine engine guide vane premature degradation.Also often there is heat fatigue cracking in blade and the wheel disc of gas engine, and also greatly limit their serviceable life.The crackle fecund of blade is raw on intake and exhaust limit, in many tiny crackles.Wheel disc radially produces the very large temperature difference due to wheel hub and wheel rim, therefore outside wheel rim, causes circumferential thermal stress, causes crackle at the bottom of wheel disc groove.Mould steel in use, often produces heat fatigue cracking, makes mould invalidation.Produce the process of heat fatigue cracking from above each part, heat fatigue is heat-resisting alloy parts a kind of failure modes common when high temperature.The part of many hot operations, is not often stressed excessive and damage, but is heated owing to constantly catching a cold and damages.As the intake and exhaust pipeline of burner inner liner, cylinder, engine, and forging die, roll etc., under the effect of alternating temperature-changing, also often can produce heat fatigue cracking, and destroy.Therefore, to the part worked under temperature fluctuation change condition, the thermal fatigue property index of material must be considered.
Although heat fatigue phenomenon is subject to common concern, many research is done to thermal fatigue test method both at home and abroad, formulated some test specifications, up to the present also there is no the recognized standard test method in the world.In China, also there is a lot of method to the research of heat fatigue, but all do not gain unanimous acceptance.Now relatively more conventional method is qualitative relative method.Using the crack length produced under lead crack develops into the cycle index of a certain length or certain regulation cycle index as the standard of material thermal fatigue resistance.Abroad, relatively more conventional equipment is fluidized bed device.But at home, study fewer to heat fatigue, test method and equipment are also different, the rear taking-up of heating in stove had is placed directly in water and cools, and this method human factor is more, is difficult to the accuracy of warranty test.
The patent No. be 200410100451.9 patent of invention disclose a kind of thermal fatigue tester, be by sample after heating system heats, then transfer in cooling system and cool.Above thermal fatigue tester can only qualitative detection alloy under certain condition, the quality of opposing thermal fatigue property, also simply can compare the thermal fatigue property of several alloy, can not the thermal fatigue property of quantitative examination alloy.The patent No. be 200710042765.1 patent of invention attacked a kind of hot fatigue performance test and analytical approach of steel: the thermal fatigue property adopting induction heating method tested steel, carry out quantitative examination steel thermal fatigue property by analyzing heat fatigue cracking length, width and the degree of depth.Measured the degree of depth of the length of heat fatigue cracking, width and the degree of depth, particularly crackle by photo, there is certain error.Quantitatively can not illustrate that alloy ess-strain in thermal fatigue course changes and draws alloy hysteresis loop stable in thermal fatigue course, the serviceable life of heat-resisting alloy parts can not be predicted.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiency of prior art, there is provided a kind of full automatic, flexible operation, can the ess-strain change in heat fatigue cyclic process of quantitative measurment alloy, draw the stress and strain lag loop line that alloy is stable in heat fatigue cyclic process, the testing machine of quantitative measurment alloy thermal fatigue property and prediction alloy life.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: the testing machine of a kind of quantitative measurment alloy thermal fatigue property and prediction alloy life, comprises heating system, measuring system, control system, computing machine and cooling system, described heating system comprises high frequency induction heater and inductive coil, and described measuring system comprises the sample fixed support for fixing test sample be fixed in inductive coil, thermopair and foil gauge, described cooling system comprises water tank, solenoid valve and water pipe, the water delivering orifice of water pipe is just to test sample, and described control system comprises control chip, temperature transmitter, strain transmitter, first A.C. contactor, second A.C. contactor, first electromagnetic relay and the second electromagnetic relay, described high frequency induction heater is connected successively with the first A.C. contactor and the first electromagnetic relay, described solenoid valve is connected successively with the second A.C. contactor and the second electromagnetic relay, described foil gauge is connected with strain transmitter, described thermopair is connected with temperature transmitter, described control chip respectively with computing machine, temperature transmitter, strain transmitter, first electromagnetic relay and the second electromagnetic relay are connected.
Preferably, described computing machine controls the running status of the first electromagnetic relay and the second electromagnetic relay by control chip, and the data collected are transferred in computing machine by control chip by described temperature transmitter and strain transmitter.
Preferably, control program is provided with in described computing machine, by the maximum heating temperature of this control program setting test sample, minimum chilling temperature and heat fatigue cycle index, calculate alloy STRESS VARIATION in cold cycling process, draw alloy stable stress response lag loop line, and estimate alloy thermal fatigue life.Preferably, described computing machine is connected with control chip by 485 turn of 232 interface.
Preferably, described high frequency induction heater is adjustable heating power formula well heater.
Preferably, described first A.C. contactor, the second A.C. contactor, the first electromagnetic relay and the second electromagnetic relay are connected with power circuit L1, L2, L3, L4 respectively, are respectively equipped with power switch K1, K2, K3, K4 and fuse F1, F2, F3, F4 in described power circuit L1, L2, L3, L4.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: full automation of the present invention, flexible operation, heating cool cycles process is controlled by computing machine, temperature precise control, avoid the error that human factor causes, normalized test findings can be obtained, liberate manpower simultaneously, in test process, only need the work doing seldom amount just can complete test; The present invention can change by quantitative measurment alloy ess-strain in heat fatigue cyclic process, and draw the stress and strain lag loop line that alloy is stable in heat fatigue cyclic process, and according to formulae discovery thermal fatigue life, method of testing is easy, accuracy is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the specific embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
The specific embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
Embodiment:
As shown in Figure 1, the testing machine of a kind of quantitative measurment alloy thermal fatigue property and prediction alloy life, comprise heating system 1, measuring system 2, control system 3, computing machine 4 and cooling system 5, described heating system 1 comprises can the high frequency induction heater 11 of regulating power and inductive coil 12, changes the rate of heat addition by regulating the power of high frequency induction heater 11.Described measuring system comprises the sample fixed support 8 for fixing test sample 7 be fixed in inductive coil 12, thermopair 21 and foil gauge 22, described cooling system 5 comprises water tank 51, solenoid valve 52 and water pipe 53, the water delivering orifice of water pipe 53 is just to test sample 7, described control system 3 comprises control chip 31, temperature transmitter 32, strain transmitter 33, first A.C. contactor 341, second A.C. contactor 342, first electromagnetic relay 351 and the second electromagnetic relay 352, described high frequency induction heater 11 is connected successively with the first A.C. contactor 341 and the first electromagnetic relay 351, described solenoid valve 52 is connected successively with the second A.C. contactor 342 and the second electromagnetic relay 352, described foil gauge 22 is connected with strain transmitter 33, described thermopair 21 is connected with temperature transmitter 32, described control chip 31 is connected by 485 turn of 232 interface 6 with computing machine 4, temperature transmitter 32, strain transmitter 33, first electromagnetic relay 351 and the second electromagnetic relay 352 are connected with control chip 31 respectively.Described first A.C. contactor 341, second A.C. contactor 342, first electromagnetic relay 351 and the second electromagnetic relay 352 are connected with power circuit L1, L2, L3, L4 respectively, are respectively equipped with power switch K1, K2, K3, K4 and fuse F1, F2, F3, F4 in described power circuit L1, L2, L3, L4.
Described computing machine 4 controls the running status of the first electromagnetic relay 351 and the second electromagnetic relay 352 by control chip 31, and the data collected are transferred in computing machine 4 by control chip 31 by described temperature transmitter 32 and strain transmitter 33.
Control program is provided with in described computing machine 4, by the maximum heating temperature of this control program setting test sample 7, minimum chilling temperature and heat fatigue cycle index, calculate alloy STRESS VARIATION in cold cycling process, draw alloy stable stress response lag loop line, and estimate alloy thermal fatigue life.
The expansion coefficient that control program is experiment material according to formula σ=E α Δ T(elastic modulus that wherein σ is thermal stress, E that temperature variation causes is experiment material, α, Δ T are that temperature variation can calculate alloy STRESS VARIATION in cold cycling process), alloy stable stress response lag loop line is drawn in conjunction with alloy strain variation in thermal fatigue course, then according to Manson-Coffin formula (Δ ε
p=ε
f 'n
f c, Δ ε in formula
pfor plastic strain ranges, N
ffor thermal fatigue life, ε
f 'be test the constant determined with c) estimate alloy thermal fatigue life.
Claims (6)
1. the testing machine of a quantitative measurment alloy thermal fatigue property and prediction alloy life, it is characterized in that: comprise heating system (1), measuring system (2), control system (3), computing machine (4) and cooling system (5), described heating system (1) comprises high frequency induction heater (11) and inductive coil (12), described measuring system comprises the sample fixed support (8) for fixing test sample (7) be fixed in inductive coil (12), thermopair (21) and foil gauge (22), described cooling system (5) comprises water tank (51), solenoid valve (52) and water pipe (53), the water delivering orifice of water pipe (53) is just to test sample (7), described control system (3) comprises control chip (31), temperature transmitter (32), strain transmitter (33), first A.C. contactor (341), second A.C. contactor (342), first electromagnetic relay (351) and the second electromagnetic relay (352), described high frequency induction heater (11) is connected successively with the first A.C. contactor (341) and the first electromagnetic relay (351), described solenoid valve (52) is connected successively with the second A.C. contactor (342) and the second electromagnetic relay (352), described foil gauge (22) is connected with strain transmitter (33), described thermopair (21) is connected with temperature transmitter (32), described control chip (31) respectively with computing machine (4), temperature transmitter (32), strain transmitter (33), first electromagnetic relay (351) and the second electromagnetic relay (352) are connected.
2. the testing machine of quantitative measurment alloy thermal fatigue property according to claim 1 and prediction alloy life, it is characterized in that: described computing machine (4) controls the running status of the first electromagnetic relay (351) and the second electromagnetic relay (352) by control chip (31), the data collected are transferred in computing machine (4) by control chip (31) by described temperature transmitter (32) and strain transmitter (33).
3. the testing machine of quantitative measurment alloy thermal fatigue property according to claim 1 and prediction alloy life, it is characterized in that: described computing machine is provided with control program in (4), by the maximum heating temperature of this control program setting test sample (7), minimum chilling temperature and heat fatigue cycle index, calculate alloy STRESS VARIATION in cold cycling process, draw alloy stable stress response lag loop line, and estimate alloy thermal fatigue life.
4. the testing machine of quantitative measurment alloy thermal fatigue property according to claim 1 and prediction alloy life, is characterized in that: described computing machine (4) is connected with control chip (31) by 485 turn of 232 interface (6).
5. the testing machine of quantitative measurment alloy thermal fatigue property according to claim 1 and prediction alloy life, is characterized in that: described high frequency induction heater (11) is adjustable heating power formula well heater.
6. the testing machine of quantitative measurment alloy thermal fatigue property according to claim 1 and prediction alloy life, it is characterized in that: described first A.C. contactor (341), the second A.C. contactor (342), the first electromagnetic relay (351) and the second electromagnetic relay (352) are connected with power circuit L1, L2, L3, L4 respectively, are respectively equipped with power switch K1, K2, K3, K4 and fuse F1, F2, F3, F4 in described power circuit L1, L2, L3, L4.
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| CN201310241859.7A CN104237044A (en) | 2013-06-18 | 2013-06-18 | Testing machine for quantitatively measuring thermal fatigue performance of alloy and forecasting life span of alloy |
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| CN201310241859.7A CN104237044A (en) | 2013-06-18 | 2013-06-18 | Testing machine for quantitatively measuring thermal fatigue performance of alloy and forecasting life span of alloy |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105784772A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-07-20 | 华能国际电力股份有限公司 | System and method for real furnace verification on novel high-temperature alloy material and component |
| CN109313229A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2019-02-05 | 伊顿智能动力有限公司 | For detecting the monitoring system and method for the thermomechanical strain fatigue in electrical fuse |
| CN111551462A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-08-18 | 南昌航空大学 | Device and method for testing thermal fatigue of micro-welding point |
| CN113075009A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-07-06 | 中北大学 | Die inductive-resistant choke device formed by extrusion molding of Gleeble-3500 testing machine |
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| CN102798576A (en) * | 2011-05-26 | 2012-11-28 | 燕山大学 | Method for simulating and detecting thermal fatigue life of surface of casting-rolling working roller of continuous casting billet |
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| EP1280382A2 (en) * | 2001-07-23 | 2003-01-29 | Ken Kansa | High-frequency induction heating device and device and method for pyrolyzing organic compounds using said heating device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105784772A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-07-20 | 华能国际电力股份有限公司 | System and method for real furnace verification on novel high-temperature alloy material and component |
| CN109313229A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2019-02-05 | 伊顿智能动力有限公司 | For detecting the monitoring system and method for the thermomechanical strain fatigue in electrical fuse |
| CN111551462A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-08-18 | 南昌航空大学 | Device and method for testing thermal fatigue of micro-welding point |
| CN113075009A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-07-06 | 中北大学 | Die inductive-resistant choke device formed by extrusion molding of Gleeble-3500 testing machine |
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