CN108318273B - Multicycle heat pump experiment table - Google Patents
Multicycle heat pump experiment table Download PDFInfo
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- CN108318273B CN108318273B CN201810373613.8A CN201810373613A CN108318273B CN 108318273 B CN108318273 B CN 108318273B CN 201810373613 A CN201810373613 A CN 201810373613A CN 108318273 B CN108318273 B CN 108318273B
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- G01M99/002—Thermal testing
Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-cycle heat pump experiment table, and aims to provide a heat pump experiment table convenient for debugging experiment conditions. The heat pump experiment table adopts the interface change of the four-way reversing valve to realize the parallel connection of single-stage compression refrigeration cycle in summer and single-stage compression in winter, respectively suction type self-cascade, common suction type self-cascade and cascade heat pump cycle experiment tables, and can perform valve switching according to experiment requirements to perform comparison experiments on one experiment table. Saving the construction cost of the experiment table, having simple and convenient debugging and improving the accuracy of experimental data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of experimental equipment, and particularly relates to a heat pump experiment table capable of realizing multiple circulation.
Background
With the continuous progress of technology, heat pump technology is widely used in heating systems. A great deal of comparison experiments are needed for the research of the heat pump cycle, and various experimental tables are developed to realize operation experiments under different working conditions in order to facilitate the research of the heat pump system. At present, a heat pump system experiment table is designed mainly aiming at single cycle, therefore, in the research process, various cycle experiment tables need to be built, for example, the parallel characteristics of summer units need to be researched by building single-stage compression parallel refrigeration cycles in summer, the parallel characteristics of winter units need to be researched by building single-stage compression parallel heat pump cycles in winter, and the characteristics of high-low compression ratio experiment tables during winter overlapping heat pump cycles and self-overlapping cycle research winter heating are built. The experiment table has the advantages of complex structure, more parts, high input cost and difficult construction and debugging. Furthermore, when single-variable comparison experiments are performed, other variables must be the same, which makes debugging of multiple experimental tables difficult. In addition, the construction of various experiment tables causes large investment and occupies more experiment resources.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a multi-cycle heat pump experiment table, which adopts a single-stage compression double-head parallel refrigeration cycle in summer and adopts a single-stage compression double-head parallel heat pump cycle, an overlapping heat pump cycle, a separate suction type self-overlapping heat pump cycle and a common suction type self-overlapping heat pump cycle for heating in winter, so that the construction cost of the experiment table is saved, and the accuracy of experimental data is improved.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the multi-cycle heat pump experiment table comprises a first compressor unit, a second compressor unit, a first four-way reversing valve, a second four-way reversing valve, a first valve, a second valve, a third valve, a fourth valve, a fifth valve, a sixth valve, an indoor heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separator, an outdoor heat exchanger, a condensing evaporator, a first throttle valve and a second throttle valve, wherein the exhaust end of the first compressor unit is connected with a first interface of the first four-way reversing valve, and the air suction end of the first compressor unit is connected with a third interface of the first four-way reversing valve; the second interface of the first four-way reversing valve is connected with one end of the first valve and one end of the second valve respectively, and the fourth interface of the first four-way reversing valve is connected with one end of the sixth valve and the first interface of the outdoor heat exchanger respectively; the other end of the first valve is connected with one end of a third valve, one end of a fourth valve and a third interface of the condensing evaporator respectively, the other end of the third valve is connected with one end of a fifth valve and a second interface of the indoor heat exchanger respectively, the other end of the fifth valve is connected with a liquid inlet end of the gas-liquid separator, and the other end of the fourth valve is connected with an air outlet end of the gas-liquid separator; the exhaust end of the second compressor unit is connected with the first interface of the second four-way reversing valve, and the air suction end of the second compressor unit is connected with the third interface of the second four-way reversing valve; the second interface of the second four-way reversing valve is connected with the other end of the second valve and the first interface of the indoor heat exchanger respectively; the fourth interface of the second four-way reversing valve is connected with the other end of the sixth valve and the first interface of the condensing evaporator respectively; the second interface of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected with the fourth interface of the condensing evaporator through the second throttle valve; and a liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with a second interface of the condensation evaporator through the first throttle valve.
When a summer cooling experiment is carried out, the experiment table operates according to a single-stage compression parallel unit, wherein the first valve, the fourth valve and the fifth valve are closed, and the second valve, the third valve and the sixth valve are opened; the first port of the first four-way reversing valve is communicated with the fourth port, and the second port of the first four-way reversing valve is communicated with the third port; the first port of the second four-way reversing valve is communicated with the fourth port, and the second port of the second four-way reversing valve is communicated with the third port; part of working medium enters the first four-way reversing valve after being compressed and boosted by the first compressor unit, part of working medium enters the second four-way reversing valve after being compressed and boosted by the second compressor unit, working medium flowing out of the second four-way reversing valve is mixed with working medium from the first four-way reversing valve after passing through the sixth valve, enters the outdoor heat exchanger for condensation and heat release, enters the condensation evaporator after being throttled and depressurized by the second throttle valve, enters the indoor heat exchanger for evaporation and heat absorption by the third valve after being subjected to heat exchange by the condensation evaporator, absorbs indoor heat, and is divided into two paths, wherein one path of working medium returns to the air suction end of the second compressor unit through the second four-way reversing valve; the other path returns to the air suction end of the first compressor unit through the second valve and the first four-way reversing valve, and the cooling circulation is completed.
When heating experiments in winter are carried out, the experiment table operates according to a single-stage compression parallel unit: the first valve, the fourth valve and the fifth valve are closed, and the second valve, the third valve and the sixth valve are opened; the first port of the first four-way reversing valve is communicated with the second port, and the third port of the first four-way reversing valve is communicated with the fourth port; the first port of the second four-way reversing valve is communicated with the second port, and the third port of the second four-way reversing valve is communicated with the fourth port; part of working medium enters the first four-way reversing valve after being compressed and boosted by the first compressor unit, part of working medium enters the second four-way reversing valve after being compressed and boosted by the second compressor unit, working medium flowing out of the first four-way reversing valve passes through the second valve and then is mixed with working medium from the second four-way reversing valve to enter the indoor heat exchanger for condensation and heat release, then enters the condensation evaporator through the third valve, working medium flowing out of the condensation evaporator enters the outdoor heat exchanger for evaporation and heat absorption after being throttled and depressurized by the second throttle valve, and outdoor environment heat is absorbed, and then is divided into two paths, wherein one path of working medium returns to the air suction end of the first compressor unit through the first four-way reversing valve; the other path returns to the air suction end of the second compressor unit through the sixth valve and the second four-way reversing valve, so that the heating cycle is completed.
When heating experiments in winter are carried out, the experiment table circularly operates according to the self-cascade heat pump with respective suction type: the first valve, the third valve and the sixth valve are closed, and the second valve, the fourth valve and the fifth valve are opened; the first port of the first four-way reversing valve is communicated with the second port, and the third port of the first four-way reversing valve is communicated with the fourth port; the first port of the second four-way reversing valve is communicated with the second port, and the third port of the second four-way reversing valve is communicated with the fourth port; part of working medium enters the first four-way reversing valve after being compressed and boosted by the first compressor unit, part of working medium enters the second four-way reversing valve after being compressed and boosted by the second compressor unit, working medium flowing out of the first four-way reversing valve is mixed with working medium from the second four-way reversing valve after passing through the second valve, the working medium enters the indoor heat exchanger to be condensed and released, the working medium after the condensed and released heat enters the gas-liquid separator through the fifth valve, the low-boiling-point gas working medium enters the condensing evaporator through the gas outlet end of the gas-liquid separator, the fourth valve and the third interface of the condensing evaporator to continue to condense and release heat, the working medium after the heat release of the condensing evaporator enters the outdoor heat exchanger to be evaporated and absorbed after being throttled and depressurized by the second throttle valve, and then returns to the gas suction end of the first compressor unit through the first four-way reversing valve; the liquid working medium with high boiling point enters the condensing evaporator through the second interface of the condensing evaporator to absorb heat after being throttled and depressurized by the liquid outlet end of the gas-liquid separator and the first throttle valve, and the working medium flowing out of the first interface of the condensing evaporator returns to the air suction end of the second compressor unit through the second four-way reversing valve to complete the self-cascade heat supply cycle.
When heating experiments in winter are carried out, the experiment table circularly operates according to the common suction type self-cascade heat pump: the first valve and the third valve are closed, and the second valve, the fourth valve, the fifth valve and the sixth valve are opened; the first port of the first four-way reversing valve is communicated with the second port, and the third port of the first four-way reversing valve is communicated with the fourth port; the first port of the second four-way reversing valve is communicated with the second port, and the third port of the second four-way reversing valve is communicated with the fourth port; part of working medium enters the first four-way reversing valve after being compressed and boosted by the first compressor unit, and part of working medium enters the second four-way reversing valve after being compressed and boosted by the second compressor unit; the working medium flowing out of the first four-way reversing valve passes through the second valve and then is mixed with the working medium from the second four-way reversing valve, the working medium enters the indoor heat exchanger to be condensed and released, the working medium after the heat release enters the gas-liquid separator through the fifth valve, the low-boiling-point gas working medium enters the condensing evaporator through the gas outlet end of the gas-liquid separator, the fourth valve and the third interface of the condensing evaporator to continue to be condensed and released, the working medium after the heat release of the condensing evaporator enters the outdoor heat exchanger to be evaporated and absorbed after being throttled and depressurized by the second throttle valve, and the low-pressure steam flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger and the low-pressure steam flowing out of the condensing evaporator through the sixth valve are mixed and then are sucked by the suction end of the first compressor set through the first four-way reversing valve; the liquid working medium with high boiling point enters the condensing evaporator through the second interface of the condensing evaporator to absorb heat after being throttled and depressurized by the liquid outlet end of the gas-liquid separator and the first throttle valve, and the low-pressure steam coming out through the first interface of the condensing evaporator is mixed with the low-pressure steam flowing out from the outdoor heat exchanger through the sixth valve and then is sucked by the air suction end of the second compressor unit through the second four-way reversing valve, so that the self-cascade heat supply cycle is completed.
When heating experiments in winter are carried out, the experiment table circularly operates according to the cascade heat pump: the second valve, the third valve, the fourth valve and the sixth valve are closed, and the first valve and the fifth valve are opened; the first port of the first four-way reversing valve is communicated with the second port, and the third port of the first four-way reversing valve is communicated with the fourth port; the first port of the second four-way reversing valve is communicated with the second port, and the third port of the second four-way reversing valve is communicated with the fourth port; the gas-liquid separator is used as a high-pressure liquid reservoir of a low-temperature-level experiment table; the working medium enters the indoor heat exchanger to be condensed and released heat through the second four-way reversing valve after being compressed and boosted by the second compressor unit, the working medium after the heat release of the condensation enters the gas-liquid separator through the fifth valve, and the liquid working medium passes through the liquid outlet end and the first valve of the gas-liquid separatorA first partThe throttle valve and the second interface of the condensing evaporator enter the condensing evaporator to absorb heat by evaporation, and then return to the air suction end of the second compressor unit through the first interface of the condensing evaporator and the second four-way reversing valve to complete the high-temperature-stage heat supply cycle; the working medium enters the condensing evaporator to release heat after being compressed and boosted by the first compressor unit through the first four-way reversing valve and the third interface of the condensing evaporator, then enters the outdoor heat exchanger to absorb heat after being throttled and depressurized by the fourth interface of the condensing evaporator and the second throttle valve, and the working medium after the heat absorption is evaporated returns to the air suction end of the first compressor unit through the first four-way reversing valve to complete low-temperature-level heat supply circulation.
The compressors in the first compressor unit and the second compressor unit are any one of a scroll compressor, a rotor compressor, a screw compressor and a piston compressor.
The indoor heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger are air-cooled or water-cooled heat exchangers.
The condensing evaporator is a plate heat exchanger or a double-pipe heat exchanger.
The first throttle valve and the second throttle valve are electronic expansion valves, thermal expansion valves, capillary tubes or orifice plate throttle devices
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the laboratory bench is nimble, and the practicality is strong: the heat pump experiment table can realize five cycles: the cooling in summer can be achieved by adopting a single-stage compression parallel refrigeration cycle, and in winter can be achieved by adopting a single-stage compression parallel heat pump cycle, an overlapping heat pump cycle, a separate suction type self-overlapping heat pump cycle or a common suction type self-overlapping heat pump cycle. Under the same condition, five kinds of cycle comparison experiments can be carried out on one experiment table, and the five kinds of cycle conversion is flexible and convenient, so that the comparison experiments can be conveniently carried out. Meanwhile, the construction cost of the experiment table is saved, the debugging is simple and convenient, and the accuracy of experimental data is improved.
2. When cooling in summer and heating in winter, the laboratory bench is efficient: when the outdoor temperature of the heat pump experiment table is particularly low in winter, the cascade heat pump cycle can be adopted, the suction type self-cascade heat pump cycle and the common suction type self-cascade heat pump cycle can be adopted respectively, the compression ratio of the compressor is small, and the efficiency of the experiment table is high. When the outdoor temperature is not lower in winter, parallel heating circulation can be adopted, and energy adjustment is realized by increasing and decreasing the number of the compressors in the parallel unit, so that the energy is saved. In particular, when a variable working medium flow mode is adopted, the working medium flow ratio of the cascade circulating medium high-temperature stage experiment table and the low-temperature stage experiment table is reasonable, and the parallel machine set realizes flow adjustment by changing the number of machine heads put into operation.
3. The experiment table has simple structure and low input cost: a five-cycle heat pump experiment table is built instead of five experiment tables, and the same parts are shared by multiple cycles, so that the input cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-cycle heat pump laboratory bench according to the present invention;
fig. 2 shows a schematic view of a condensing evaporator interface.
In the figure: 1-1, 1-2, 2-1, 2-2, 3-1, 3-2, 3-3, 3-4, 3-5, 3-6, 4, 5, 6-1, 6-2, 7, 1, 7-2, 7-3, 7-4, 8, and 8.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.
The invention discloses a schematic diagram of a multi-cycle heat pump experiment table, which is shown in fig. 1-2, and comprises a first compressor unit 1-1, a second compressor unit 1-2, a first four-way reversing valve 2-1, a second four-way reversing valve 2-2, a first valve 3-1, a second valve 3-2, a third valve 3-3, a fourth valve 3-4, a fifth valve 3-5, a sixth valve 3-6, an indoor heat exchanger 4, a gas-liquid separator 5, an outdoor heat exchanger 8, a condensing evaporator 7, a first throttle valve 6-1 and a second throttle valve 6-2, wherein the exhaust end of the first compressor unit 1-1 is connected with a first interface of the first four-way reversing valve 2-1, and the suction end of the first compressor unit 1-1 is connected with a third interface of the first four-way reversing valve 2-1; the second interface of the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 is connected with one end of the first valve 3-1 and one end of the second valve 3-2 respectively, and the fourth interface of the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 is connected with one end of the sixth valve 3-6 and the first interface of the outdoor heat exchanger 8 respectively; the other end of the first valve 3-1 is respectively connected with one end of a third valve 3-3 and one end of a fourth valve 3-4 and a third interface 7-3 of the condensation evaporator 7, the other end of the third valve 3-3 is respectively connected with a second interface of the indoor heat exchanger 4 and one end of a fifth valve 3-5, the other end of the fifth valve 3-5 is connected with a liquid inlet end of the gas-liquid separator, and the other end of the fourth valve 3-4 is connected with an air outlet end of the gas-liquid separator; the exhaust end of the second compressor unit 1-2 is connected with the first interface of the second four-way reversing valve 2-2, and the suction end of the second compressor unit 1-2 is connected with the third interface of the second four-way reversing valve 2-2; the second interface of the second four-way reversing valve 2-2 is respectively connected with the other end of the second valve 3-2 and the first interface of the indoor heat exchanger 4; the fourth interface of the second four-way reversing valve 2-2 is respectively connected with the other end of the sixth valve 3-6 and the first interface 7-1 of the condensation evaporator 7. The second port of the outdoor heat exchanger 8 is connected to the fourth port 7-4 of the condensation evaporator 7 through the second throttle valve 6-2. The liquid outlet end of the gas-liquid separator 5 is connected with the second port 7-2 of the condensation evaporator 7 through the first throttle valve 6-1.
The first compressor unit 1-1 and the second compressor unit 1-2 may be a single compressor or may be a plurality of compressors connected in parallel. In the compressors connected in parallel, the exhaust port of each compressor is connected in parallel and then used as the exhaust end of the first compressor unit 1-1 or the second compressor unit 1-2, and the air suction port of each compressor is connected in parallel and then used as the air suction end of the first compressor unit 1-1 or the second compressor unit 1-2. The first compressor unit 1-1 can be used as a unit compressor of a single-stage compression parallel refrigeration experiment table cycle (or a heat pump experiment table cycle) and a common suction type self-cascade cycle, and can also be used as a high-temperature-stage compressor of the respective suction type self-cascade and cascade experiment table cycle; the second compressor unit 1-2 can be used as a unit compressor of a single-stage compression parallel refrigeration experiment table cycle (or a heat pump experiment table cycle) and a common suction type self-cascade cycle, and can also be used as a low-temperature stage compressor of the self-cascade and cascade experiment table cycle.
When the cooling experiment in summer is carried out, the experiment table operates according to a single-stage compression parallel unit, wherein the first valve 3-1, the fourth valve 3-4 and the fifth valve 3-5 are closed, and the second valve 3-2, the third valve 3-3 and the sixth valve 3-6 are opened. The first port of the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 is communicated with the fourth port, and the second port of the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 is communicated with the third port. The first port of the second four-way reversing valve 2-2 is communicated with the fourth port, and the second port of the second four-way reversing valve 2-2 is communicated with the third port. Part of working medium enters the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 after being compressed and boosted by the first compressor unit 1-1, part of working medium enters the second four-way reversing valve 2-2 after being compressed and boosted by the second compressor unit 1-2, working medium flowing out of the second four-way reversing valve 2-2 is mixed with working medium from the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 after passing through the sixth valve 3-6, enters the outdoor heat exchanger 8 for condensation and heat release, enters the condensation evaporator 7 after being throttled and depressurized by the second throttle valve 6-2, enters the indoor heat exchanger 4 for evaporation and heat absorption after being subjected to heat exchange by the condensation evaporator 7 and then enters the third valve 3-3 for absorption of indoor heat, and then is divided into two paths, wherein one path of working medium returns to the air suction end of the second compressor unit 1-2 through the second four-way reversing valve 2-2; the other path returns to the air suction end of the first compressor unit 1-1 through the second valve 3-2 and the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 to complete the cooling circulation.
When heating experiments in winter are carried out, the experiment table operates according to a single-stage compression parallel unit: the first valve 3-1, the fourth valve 3-4 and the fifth valve 3-5 are closed, and the second valve 3-2, the third valve 3-3 and the sixth valve 3-6 are opened. The first interface of the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 is communicated with the second interface, and the third interface of the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 is communicated with the fourth interface; the first port of the second four-way reversing valve 2-2 is communicated with the second port, and the third port of the second four-way reversing valve 2-2 is communicated with the fourth port. Part of working medium enters the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 after being compressed and boosted by the first compressor unit 1-1, part of working medium enters the second four-way reversing valve 2-2 after being compressed and boosted by the second compressor unit 1-2, working medium flowing out of the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 passes through the second valve 3-2 and then is mixed with working medium from the second four-way reversing valve 2-2 to enter the indoor heat exchanger 4 for condensation and heat release, then enters the condensing evaporator 7 through the third valve 3-3, working medium flowing out of the condensing evaporator 7 enters the outdoor heat exchanger 8 for evaporation and heat absorption after being throttled and depressurized by the second throttle valve 6-2, and outdoor environment heat is absorbed, and then is divided into two paths, wherein one path of working medium returns to the air suction end of the first compressor unit 1-1 through the first four-way reversing valve 2-1; the other path returns to the air suction end of the second compressor unit 1-2 through the sixth valve 3-6 and the second four-way reversing valve 2-2, so that the heating cycle is completed.
When heating experiments in winter are carried out, the experiment table circularly operates according to the self-cascade heat pump with respective suction type: the first valve 3-1, the third valve 3-3 and the sixth valve 3-6 are closed, and the second valve 3-2, the fourth valve 3-4 and the fifth valve 3-5 are opened. The first interface of the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 is communicated with the second interface, and the third interface of the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 is communicated with the fourth interface; the first port of the second four-way reversing valve 2-2 is communicated with the second port, and the third port of the second four-way reversing valve 2-2 is communicated with the fourth port. Part of working medium enters the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 after being compressed and boosted by the first compressor unit 1-1, part of working medium enters the second four-way reversing valve 2-2 after being compressed and boosted by the second compressor unit 1-2, working medium flowing out of the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 is mixed with working medium from the second four-way reversing valve 2-2 after passing through the second valve 3-2, enters the indoor heat exchanger 4 for condensation and heat release, the working medium after condensation and heat release enters the gas-liquid separator 5 through the fifth valve 3-5, the low-boiling-point gas working medium enters the condensing evaporator 7 through the gas outlet end of the gas-liquid separator 5, the fourth valve 3-4 and the third interface 7-3 of the condensing evaporator for continuous condensation and heat release, and the working medium after heat release of the condensing evaporator 7 enters the outdoor heat exchanger 8 for evaporation and heat absorption after being throttled and depressurized by the second throttle valve 6-2 and then returns to the gas suction end of the first compressor unit 1-1; the liquid working medium with high boiling point enters the condensation evaporator 7 through the second interface 7-2 of the condensation evaporator after being throttled and depressurized by the liquid outlet end of the gas-liquid separator 5 and the first throttle valve 6-1, and the working medium flowing out of the first interface 7-1 of the condensation evaporator 7 returns to the air suction end of the second compressor unit 1-2 through the second four-way reversing valve 2-2 to complete the self-cascade heat supply cycle.
When heating experiments in winter are carried out, the experiment table circularly operates according to the common suction type self-cascade heat pump: the first valve 3-1 and the third valve 3-3 are closed, and the second valve 3-2, the fourth valve 3-4, the fifth valve 3-5 and the sixth valve 3-6 are opened. The first interface of the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 is communicated with the second interface, and the third interface of the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 is communicated with the fourth interface; the first port of the second four-way reversing valve 2-2 is communicated with the second port, and the third port of the second four-way reversing valve 2-2 is communicated with the fourth port. Part of working medium enters the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 after being compressed and boosted by the first compressor unit 1-1, and part of working medium enters the second four-way reversing valve 2-2 after being compressed and boosted by the second compressor unit 1-2. The working medium flowing out of the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 is mixed with the working medium from the second four-way reversing valve 2-2 after passing through the second valve 3-2, and then enters the indoor heat exchanger 4 to be condensed and released, the working medium after the heat release enters the gas-liquid separator 5 through the fifth valve 3-5, the low-boiling-point gas working medium enters the condensation evaporator 7 through the gas outlet end of the gas-liquid separator 5, the fourth valve 3-4 and the third interface 7-3 of the condensation evaporator 7 to continue the heat release after the heat release of the condensation evaporator 7, the working medium after the heat release of the condensation evaporator enters the outdoor heat exchanger 8 to be evaporated and absorbed after being throttled and depressurized through the second throttle valve 6-2, and the low-pressure steam flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 8 is mixed with the low-pressure steam flowing out of the condensation evaporator 7 through the sixth valve 3-6 and then is sucked into the air suction end of the first compression unit 1 through the first four-way reversing valve 2-1; the liquid working medium with high boiling point enters the condensation evaporator 7 through the second interface 7-2 of the condensation evaporator 7 after being throttled and depressurized by the liquid outlet end of the gas-liquid separator 5 and the first throttle valve 6-1, and is evaporated and absorbed by the condensation evaporator 7, low-pressure steam coming out from the first interface 7-1 of the condensation evaporator 7 is mixed with low-pressure steam flowing out from the outdoor heat exchanger 8 through the sixth valve 3-6, and then is sucked by the suction end of the second compressor unit 1-2 through the second four-way reversing valve 2-2, so that the self-cascade heat supply cycle is completed.
When heating experiments in winter are carried out, the experiment table circularly operates according to the cascade heat pump: the second valve 3-2, the third valve 3-3, the fourth valve 3-4 and the sixth valve 3-6 are closed, and the first valve 3-1 and the fifth valve 3-5 are opened. The first interface of the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 is communicated with the second interface, and the third interface of the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 is communicated with the fourth interface; the first port of the second four-way reversing valve 2-2 is communicated with the second port, and the third port of the second four-way reversing valve 2-2 is communicated with the fourth port; the gas-liquid separator 5 serves as a high-pressure reservoir of the low-temperature-level laboratory bench. The working medium enters the indoor heat exchanger 4 to be condensed and released heat through the second four-way reversing valve 2-2 after being compressed and boosted by the second compressor unit 1-2, the working medium after the heat release of condensation enters the gas-liquid separator 5 through the fifth valve 3-5, the liquid working medium enters the condensing evaporator 7 through the liquid outlet end of the gas-liquid separator 5, the first throttle valve 6-1 and the second interface 7-2 of the condensing evaporator 7 to be evaporated and absorbed heat, and then returns to the air suction end of the second compressor unit 1-2 through the first interface 7-1 of the condensing evaporator and the second four-way reversing valve 2-2 to complete high-temperature heat supply circulation; the working medium is compressed and boosted by the first compressor unit 1-1, enters the condensing evaporator 7 through the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 and the third port-3 of the condensing evaporator to release heat by condensation, then enters the outdoor heat exchanger 8 to absorb heat by evaporation after being throttled and depressurized through the fourth port 7-4 of the condensing evaporator 7 and the second throttle valve 6-2, and returns to the air suction end of the first compressor unit 1-1 through the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 after absorbing heat by evaporation, thereby completing low-temperature-level heat supply circulation.
The compressors in the first compressor unit 1-1 and the second compressor unit 1-2 are any one of a scroll compressor, a rotor compressor, a screw compressor and a piston compressor.
The indoor heat exchanger 4 and the outdoor heat exchanger 8 are air-cooled or water-cooled heat exchangers.
The condensing evaporator 7 is a plate heat exchanger or a double pipe heat exchanger.
The first valve 3-1, the second valve 3-2, the third valve 3-3, the fourth valve 3-4, the fifth valve 3-5 and the sixth valve 3-6 can be replaced by manual stop valves, ball valves and the like.
The first four-way reversing valve 2-1 and the second four-way reversing valve 2-2 can also be replaced by a plurality of valves or a plurality of three-way valves.
The heat pump experiment table adopts the interface change of the four-way reversing valve to realize the experiment table of the heat pump cycle of the single-stage compression parallel refrigeration cycle in summer and the single-stage compression parallel in winter, respectively suction type self-cascade, common suction type self-cascade and cascade, and the comparison experiment can be carried out on one experiment table by switching the valve according to experiment requirements.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The multi-cycle heat pump experiment table is characterized by comprising a first compressor unit, a second compressor unit, a first four-way reversing valve, a second four-way reversing valve, a first valve, a second valve, a third valve, a fourth valve, a fifth valve, a sixth valve, an indoor heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separator, an outdoor heat exchanger, a condensing evaporator, a first throttle valve and a second throttle valve, wherein the exhaust end of the first compressor unit is connected with a first interface of the first four-way reversing valve, and the air suction end of the first compressor unit is connected with a third interface of the first four-way reversing valve; the second interface of the first four-way reversing valve is connected with one end of the first valve and one end of the second valve respectively, and the fourth interface of the first four-way reversing valve is connected with one end of the sixth valve and the first interface of the outdoor heat exchanger respectively; the other end of the first valve is connected with one end of a third valve, one end of a fourth valve and a third interface of the condensing evaporator respectively, the other end of the third valve is connected with one end of a fifth valve and a second interface of the indoor heat exchanger respectively, the other end of the fifth valve is connected with a liquid inlet end of the gas-liquid separator, and the other end of the fourth valve is connected with an air outlet end of the gas-liquid separator; the exhaust end of the second compressor unit is connected with the first interface of the second four-way reversing valve, and the air suction end of the second compressor unit is connected with the third interface of the second four-way reversing valve; the second interface of the second four-way reversing valve is connected with the other end of the second valve and the first interface of the indoor heat exchanger respectively; the fourth interface of the second four-way reversing valve is connected with the other end of the sixth valve and the first interface of the condensing evaporator respectively; the second interface of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected with the fourth interface of the condensing evaporator through the second throttle valve; the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the second interface of the condensing evaporator through the first throttle valve; the first compressor unit and the second compressor unit are a single compressor or a plurality of compressors connected in parallel; in the compressors connected in parallel, the exhaust port of each compressor is connected in parallel and then used as the exhaust end of the first compressor unit or the second compressor unit, and the air suction port of each compressor is connected in parallel and then used as the air suction end of the first compressor unit or the second compressor unit; the first compressor unit is used as a unit compressor of a single-stage compression parallel refrigeration experiment table cycle or a heat pump experiment table cycle and a common suction type self-cascade cycle, or is used as a high-temperature-stage compressor of a respective suction type self-cascade and cascade experiment table cycle; the second compressor unit is used as a unit compressor of a single-stage compression parallel refrigeration experiment table cycle or a heat pump experiment table cycle and a common suction type self-cascade cycle, or is used as a self-cascade and cascade experiment table cycle low-temperature-stage compressor; the compressors in the first compressor unit and the second compressor unit are any one of a scroll compressor, a rotor compressor, a screw compressor and a piston compressor; the indoor heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger are air-cooled or water-cooled heat exchangers; the condensing evaporator is a plate heat exchanger or a double-pipe heat exchanger.
2. The multi-cycle heat pump experiment table according to claim 1, wherein when the cooling experiment in summer is performed, the experiment table operates according to a single-stage compression parallel unit, the first valve, the fourth valve and the fifth valve are closed, and the second valve, the third valve and the sixth valve are opened; the first port of the first four-way reversing valve is communicated with the fourth port, and the second port of the first four-way reversing valve is communicated with the third port; the first port of the second four-way reversing valve is communicated with the fourth port, and the second port of the second four-way reversing valve is communicated with the third port; part of working medium enters the first four-way reversing valve after being compressed and boosted by the first compressor unit, part of working medium enters the second four-way reversing valve after being compressed and boosted by the second compressor unit, working medium flowing out of the second four-way reversing valve is mixed with working medium from the first four-way reversing valve after passing through the sixth valve, enters the outdoor heat exchanger for condensation and heat release, enters the condensation evaporator after being throttled and depressurized by the second throttle valve, enters the indoor heat exchanger for evaporation and heat absorption by the third valve after being subjected to heat exchange by the condensation evaporator, absorbs indoor heat, and is divided into two paths, wherein one path of working medium returns to the air suction end of the second compressor unit through the second four-way reversing valve; the other path returns to the air suction end of the first compressor unit through the second valve and the first four-way reversing valve, and the cooling circulation is completed.
3. The multi-cycle heat pump laboratory bench of claim 1, wherein when performing winter heating experiments, the laboratory bench operates according to a single-stage compression parallel unit: the first valve, the fourth valve and the fifth valve are closed, and the second valve, the third valve and the sixth valve are opened; the first port of the first four-way reversing valve is communicated with the second port, and the third port of the first four-way reversing valve is communicated with the fourth port; the first port of the second four-way reversing valve is communicated with the second port, and the third port of the second four-way reversing valve is communicated with the fourth port; part of working medium enters the first four-way reversing valve after being compressed and boosted by the first compressor unit, part of working medium enters the second four-way reversing valve after being compressed and boosted by the second compressor unit, working medium flowing out of the first four-way reversing valve passes through the second valve and then is mixed with working medium from the second four-way reversing valve to enter the indoor heat exchanger for condensation and heat release, then enters the condensation evaporator through the third valve, working medium flowing out of the condensation evaporator enters the outdoor heat exchanger for evaporation and heat absorption after being throttled and depressurized by the second throttle valve, and outdoor environment heat is absorbed, and then is divided into two paths, wherein one path of working medium returns to the air suction end of the first compressor unit through the first four-way reversing valve; the other path returns to the air suction end of the second compressor unit through the sixth valve and the second four-way reversing valve, so that the heating cycle is completed.
4. The multi-cycle heat pump laboratory bench of claim 1, wherein when performing winter heating experiments, the laboratory bench operates according to a respective suction-type self-cascade heat pump cycle: the first valve, the third valve and the sixth valve are closed, and the second valve, the fourth valve and the fifth valve are opened; the first port of the first four-way reversing valve is communicated with the second port, and the third port of the first four-way reversing valve is communicated with the fourth port; the first port of the second four-way reversing valve is communicated with the second port, and the third port of the second four-way reversing valve is communicated with the fourth port; part of working medium enters the first four-way reversing valve after being compressed and boosted by the first compressor unit, part of working medium enters the second four-way reversing valve after being compressed and boosted by the second compressor unit, working medium flowing out of the first four-way reversing valve is mixed with working medium from the second four-way reversing valve after passing through the second valve, the working medium enters the indoor heat exchanger to be condensed and released, the working medium after the condensed and released heat enters the gas-liquid separator through the fifth valve, the low-boiling-point gas working medium enters the condensing evaporator through the gas outlet end of the gas-liquid separator, the fourth valve and the third interface of the condensing evaporator to continue to condense and release heat, the working medium after the heat release of the condensing evaporator enters the outdoor heat exchanger to be evaporated and absorbed after being throttled and depressurized by the second throttle valve, and then returns to the gas suction end of the first compressor unit through the first four-way reversing valve; the liquid working medium with high boiling point enters the condensing evaporator through the second interface of the condensing evaporator to absorb heat after being throttled and depressurized by the liquid outlet end of the gas-liquid separator and the first throttle valve, and the working medium flowing out of the first interface of the condensing evaporator returns to the air suction end of the second compressor unit through the second four-way reversing valve to complete the self-cascade heat supply cycle.
5. The multi-cycle heat pump laboratory bench of claim 1, wherein when performing winter heating experiments, the laboratory bench operates according to a common suction type self-cascade heat pump cycle: the first valve and the third valve are closed, and the second valve, the fourth valve, the fifth valve and the sixth valve are opened; the first port of the first four-way reversing valve is communicated with the second port, and the third port of the first four-way reversing valve is communicated with the fourth port; the first port of the second four-way reversing valve is communicated with the second port, and the third port of the second four-way reversing valve is communicated with the fourth port; part of working medium enters the first four-way reversing valve after being compressed and boosted by the first compressor unit, and part of working medium enters the second four-way reversing valve after being compressed and boosted by the second compressor unit; the working medium flowing out of the first four-way reversing valve passes through the second valve and then is mixed with the working medium from the second four-way reversing valve, the working medium enters the indoor heat exchanger to be condensed and released, the working medium after the heat release enters the gas-liquid separator through the fifth valve, the low-boiling-point gas working medium enters the condensing evaporator through the gas outlet end of the gas-liquid separator, the fourth valve and the third interface of the condensing evaporator to continue to be condensed and released, the working medium after the heat release of the condensing evaporator enters the outdoor heat exchanger to be evaporated and absorbed after being throttled and depressurized by the second throttle valve, and the low-pressure steam flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger and the low-pressure steam flowing out of the condensing evaporator through the sixth valve are mixed and then are sucked by the suction end of the first compressor set through the first four-way reversing valve; the liquid working medium with high boiling point enters the condensing evaporator through the second interface of the condensing evaporator to absorb heat after being throttled and depressurized by the liquid outlet end of the gas-liquid separator and the first throttle valve, and the low-pressure steam coming out through the first interface of the condensing evaporator is mixed with the low-pressure steam flowing out from the outdoor heat exchanger through the sixth valve and then is sucked by the air suction end of the second compressor unit through the second four-way reversing valve, so that the self-cascade heat supply cycle is completed.
6. The multi-cycle heat pump laboratory bench of claim 1, wherein when performing winter heating experiments, the laboratory bench operates according to a cascade heat pump cycle: the second valve, the third valve, the fourth valve and the sixth valve are closed, and the first valve and the fifth valve are opened; the first port of the first four-way reversing valve is communicated with the second port, and the third port of the first four-way reversing valve is communicated with the fourth port; the first port of the second four-way reversing valve is communicated with the second port, and the third port of the second four-way reversing valve is communicated with the fourth port; the gas-liquid separator is used as a high-pressure liquid reservoir of a low-temperature-level experiment table; working medium is at the firstThe compressed and boosted working medium enters the gas-liquid separator through the fifth valve, and the liquid working medium enters the liquid outlet end of the gas-liquid separator through the first valveA first partThe throttle valve and the second interface of the condensing evaporator enter the condensing evaporator to absorb heat by evaporation, and then return to the air suction end of the second compressor unit through the first interface of the condensing evaporator and the second four-way reversing valve to complete the high-temperature-stage heat supply cycle; the working medium enters the condensing evaporator to release heat after being compressed and boosted by the first compressor unit through the first four-way reversing valve and the third interface of the condensing evaporator, then enters the outdoor heat exchanger to absorb heat after being throttled and depressurized by the fourth interface of the condensing evaporator and the second throttle valve, and the working medium after the heat absorption is evaporated returns to the air suction end of the first compressor unit through the first four-way reversing valve to complete low-temperature-level heat supply circulation.
7. The multi-cycle heat pump bench of any of claims 1-6 wherein the first and second throttle valves are electronic expansion valves, thermal expansion valves, capillary tubes or orifice plate throttles.
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| CN109724822A (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2019-05-07 | 天津商业大学 | A kind of moderate and high temperature heat property test platform |
| CN110332584A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-10-15 | 北京工业大学 | The heat pipe-type heating plant of multiple compressor parallels |
| CN110534004B (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2021-09-28 | 西南大学 | Low-temperature control experiment platform |
| CN111141049A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-12 | 同济大学 | Cascade high temperature heat pump laboratory bench |
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