CN108317851A - A kind of commutation drying grain storage apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a reversing drying grain storage device, which comprises a heat pump device, an air path switching device and a control device. The heat pump device communicates with the air path switching device through an air duct; room, the control equipment is electrically connected to the heat pump device and the air path switching device through cables; the air path switching device includes a lower return air outlet and an upper return air outlet; the lower return air outlet is connected to the bottom air outlet of the drying chamber through an air duct, The upper air outlet is connected with the upper air outlet of the drying chamber through the air duct. Through the present invention, it is possible to carry out reversing ventilation and drying treatment on the grain, without turning over and shoveling the grain during the drying process, which has the effects of low energy consumption, high drying efficiency and simple process; Cooling treatment after drying reduces drying cost; and adopts heat pump drying device with low drying temperature and good drying quality.

Description

A reversing drying grain storage device

technical field

The invention relates to a grain storage device, in particular to a reversing drying grain storage device.

Background technique

At present, the degree of mechanized drying of post-harvest grain in my country is relatively low. After the grain is harvested, it is still mainly dried in the sun. Due to the influence of factors such as the site and climate, a large amount of high-moisture grain cannot be dried in a short period of time, and it is prone to mildew. Due to reasons such as germination and insect damage, the post-harvest loss rate of grain in my country is generally high. For traditional hot air drying equipment, coal or fuel oil is mainly used as the heat source, and the temperature of the drying medium is relatively high. There are problems that the grain quality after drying is greatly affected, and coal burning causes pollution to the environment. For drying equipment in the form of other heat sources, such as heat pumps, solar energy and other forms of heat sources or combined heat sources, although they have certain energy-saving effects, they all have in common that they can only be ventilated and dried in one direction, or Direct or reverse, because one-way drying can only handle a limited thickness of the grain layer, for processing a large amount of post-harvest grain, the equipment used needs to occupy a large area of the ground, and the drying time is long, and the moisture content of the dried grain is not uniform. Poor, in order to improve the moisture uniformity of the dried grain, some drying equipment need to turn the processed grain with the help of a grain turning machine or manually during the drying process, which makes the whole drying process more complicated and costly. less efficient.

For the grain that needs to be cooled after drying, the current drying equipment does not provide enough functions for this aspect. Due to the high temperature of the grain after drying, another set of refrigeration equipment is often needed for cooling and storage, which increases the equipment cost.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a reversing drying grain storage device in view of the above existing problems, which solves the problems of high temperature and reduced drying quality caused by petrochemical energy drying, and solves the problem of environmental pollution caused by heat sources. Problem; Solve the problem of low drying efficiency and high cost of one-way drying.

The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is as follows:

A reversing drying grain storage device, including a heat pump device, an air passage switching device and control equipment, the heat pump device is connected to the air passage switching device through an air duct; the air passage switching device is connected to a drying chamber through the air duct, and the control equipment The heat pump device and the air path switching device are respectively electrically connected through cables; the air path switching device includes a down-sent return air outlet and an upper-sent return air outlet; It is connected with the top air outlet of the drying chamber through the air duct.

Further, the present invention discloses a preferred structure of a reversing drying grain storage device, the air path switching device includes a first electric three-ventilation valve, a fan, and a second electric three-ventilation valve, and the air outlet of the fan passes through the air duct Connect with one end of the first electric three-ventilation valve and the second electric three-ventilation valve respectively, one end of the first electric three-ventilation valve communicates with the bottom tuyere of the drying chamber through the lower return air port, one end of the second electric three-ventilation valve It communicates with the top air outlet of the drying chamber through the upper return air outlet.

Further, the air path switching device includes a lower air outlet, a third electric three-ventilation valve, the first electric three-ventilation valve communicates with the lower air outlet through the air duct, and one end of the third electric three-ventilation valve is connected to the second electric three-ventilation valve. One end of the electric three-ventilation valve is connected, and one end of the third electric three-ventilation valve is connected to the upper air outlet; One end of the ventilation valve is connected with the electric fresh air valve through the air duct.

Further, the heat pump device includes a heat pump heat exchanger, and the heat pump heat exchanger is arranged on the air duct between the electric heater and the air filter; a condensate pan is arranged under the heat pump heat exchanger, and the condensate pan is provided with a drain pipe to facilitate the drainage of condensed water.

Further, the heat pump device includes an expansion valve group, a gas-liquid separator, a dry filter, a liquid reservoir, a four-way reversing valve and a compressor; the outlet of the compressor is connected to the inlet of the four-way reversing valve through copper pipes , the outlet of the four-way reversing valve is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator, the outlet of the heat pump heat exchanger and the outlet of another heat exchanger of the heat pump through copper pipes; the inlet of the heat pump heat exchanger is connected in turn through copper pipes with expansion Valve block, filter drier and reservoir.

Further, the control device includes a controller, a first frequency converter, and a second frequency converter; a first temperature and humidity sensor is provided at the lower return air outlet, a second temperature and humidity sensor is provided in the drying chamber, and a temperature and humidity sensor is installed at the upper return air outlet. The third temperature and humidity sensor, the controller is connected with the signal of the first temperature and humidity sensor, the second temperature and humidity sensor, and the third temperature and humidity sensor through cables, the controller is electrically connected with the fan through the first frequency converter, and the controller is connected through the second frequency converter Electrically connected to the compressor.

Further, the electric heater, air filter, electric fresh air valve, first electric three-ventilation valve, second electric three-ventilation valve, third electric three-ventilation valve and air duct form a closed cavity; the first electric three-ventilation valve, The second electric three-ventilation valve and the third electric three-ventilation valve are connected to the controller signal through cables.

In summary, owing to adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

1. By setting up the present invention, it is possible to carry out the drying process on the grain by reversing ventilation, and there is no need to shovel the grain during the drying process, which has the effects of low energy consumption, high drying efficiency and simple process;

2. By setting the heat pump device with four-way reversing, it can realize the cooling treatment of the grain in the drying chamber after drying, and reduce the drying cost.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the present invention sending down drying;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of sending up and drying in the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of cooling after drying of the present invention;

Marks in the figure: 1 is the expansion valve group, 2 is the gas-liquid separator, 3 is the dry filter, 4 is the liquid reservoir, 5 is the first electric three-ventilation valve, 6 is the return air outlet, and 7 is the condensation pan , 8 is the fan, 9 is the electric heater, 10 is the heat pump heat exchanger, 11 is the control equipment, 12 is the second electric three-ventilation valve, 13 is the upper return air outlet, 14 is the upper air outlet, 15 is the third Electric three ventilation valves, 16 is an air filter, 17 is a fresh air damper, 18 is a four-way reversing valve, 19 is a compressor, and 20 is a lower air outlet.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail.

In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1, a reversing drying grain storage device includes a heat pump device, an air path switching device and a control device. The heat pump device communicates with the air path switching device through an air duct; In the drying room, the control equipment is electrically connected to the heat pump device and the air path switching device through cables; the air path switching device includes a down-sent return air port 6 and an upper-sent return air port 13; The air outlet at the bottom of the chamber is connected, and the upper air outlet 13 is connected with the air outlet at the top of the drying chamber through the air duct. The heat pump unit provides cooling and heating sources for the entire system. The air path switching device can realize the up and down circulation of air and improve the drying efficiency.

The air path switching device comprises a first electric three-ventilation valve 5, a blower fan 8, and a second electric three-ventilation valve 12. One end is connected, one end of the first electric three-ventilation valve 5 is connected with the bottom tuyere of the drying chamber through the lower return air outlet 6, and one end of the second electric three-ventilation valve 12 is connected with the top air outlet of the drying chamber through the upper return air outlet 13 Pass. By arranging the first electric three-ventilation valve 5 , the second electric three-ventilation valve 12 and the third electric three-ventilation valve 15 to communicate with each other, the up and down flow of air can be realized.

The wind path switching device includes a lower air outlet 20, a third electric three-ventilation valve 15, the first electric three-air ventilation valve 5 communicates with the lower air outlet 20 through the air channel, and one end of the third electric three-air ventilation valve 15 is connected to the second electric three-air ventilation valve. One end of the electric three-ventilation valve 12 is connected, and one end of the third electric three-ventilation valve 15 is connected with the upper air outlet 14; the air inlet of the fan 8 is connected with the electric heater 9, the air filter 16 and the electric fresh air in turn through the air duct. Valve 17, one end of the third electric three-ventilation valve 15 is connected with the electric fresh air valve 17 through the air duct.

Further, the heat pump device includes a heat pump heat exchanger 10, and the heat pump heat exchanger 10 is arranged on the air duct between the electric heater 9 and the air filter 16; a condensation pan 7 is arranged under the heat pump heat exchanger 10, The condensate pan 7 is provided with a drain pipe to facilitate the discharge of condensed water. A heat pump unit provides cooling and heating.

Further, the heat pump device includes an expansion valve group 1, a gas-liquid separator 2, a dry filter 3, a liquid reservoir 4, a four-way reversing valve 18, and a compressor 19; the outlet of the compressor 19 is connected to the four-way reversing valve 18 The inlet of the four-way reversing valve 18 is connected with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 2, the outlet of the heat pump heat exchanger 10 is connected with the outlet of another heat exchanger of the heat pump through copper pipes; the inlet of the heat pump heat exchanger 10 The expansion valve group 1, the dry filter 3 and the liquid reservoir 4 are connected in sequence through copper pipes.

Further, the control device includes a controller, a first frequency converter, and a second frequency converter; a first temperature and humidity sensor is provided at the lower return air outlet 6, a second temperature and humidity sensor is arranged in the drying chamber, and the upper return air outlet 13 A third temperature and humidity sensor is provided, the controller is connected to the first temperature and humidity sensor, the second temperature and humidity sensor, and the third temperature and humidity sensor through cables, the controller is electrically connected to the fan 8 through the first frequency converter, and the controller is The second frequency converter is electrically connected with the compressor 19 . The control device can control the automatic operation of the device.

Further, the electric heater 9, the air filter 16, the electric fresh air valve 17, the first electric three-ventilation valve 5, the second electric three-ventilation valve 12, the third electric three-ventilation valve 15 and the air duct form a closed cavity; An electric three-ventilation valve 5, a second electric three-ventilation valve 12, and a third electric three-ventilation valve 15 are connected to the controller signal through cables. By automatically controlling the first electric three-ventilation valve 5 , the second electric three-ventilation valve 12 , and the third electric three-ventilation valve 15 , automatic switching of the air path can be realized.

The specific operation process includes the following working states:

1. Bottom delivery and upper row drying mode: as shown in Figure 2, the drying mode is selected through the control device 11, the electric fresh air valve 17 is opened, the first electric three-ventilation valve 5, the second electric three-ventilation valve 12 and the third electric fresh air valve The three ventilation valves 15 act, the fan operates, and the heat pump device starts. The outdoor fresh air enters the equipment through the electric fresh air valve 17, is filtered by the air filter 16, and after heat exchange with the heat pump heat exchanger 10, the temperature increases, enters the fan 8, and is boosted by the fan 8, then passes downward through the first electric three-ventilation valve 5 Enter the drying chamber A, the hot air flows through the grain layer from bottom to top, and after drying the grain, it becomes hot and humid air, passes through the second electric three-ventilation valve 12 and the third electric three-ventilation valve 15, and from the upper air outlet 14 Drain to the outside and circulate in turn.

2. Top delivery and bottom row drying mode: As shown in Figure 3, the control device 11 automatically performs reverse drying processing by judging the water content of the processed grain and the surrounding temperature and humidity parameters. The electric fresh air valve 17 is opened, the first electric three-ventilation valve 5, the second electric three-ventilation valve 12 and the third electric three-ventilation valve 15 act, the fan runs, and the heat pump device starts. The outdoor fresh air enters the equipment through the electric fresh air valve 17, is filtered by the air filter 16, and after heat exchange with the heat pump heat exchanger 10, the temperature increases, enters the fan 8, and is boosted by the fan 8, and passes through the second electric three-ventilation valve 12 upwards Entering the drying chamber A, the hot air flows through the grain layer from top to bottom, and after drying the grain, it becomes hot and humid air, passes through the first electric three-ventilation valve 5, and is discharged from the lower air outlet 20 to the outside, and circulates in turn.

3. Cooling mode after drying: As shown in FIG. 4 , the control device 11 judges that the drying is completed by judging the moisture content of the processed grain and the temperature and humidity parameters of the return air, and automatically enters the cooling mode after drying. The four-way reversing of the heat pump device, the electric fresh air valve 17 is partially opened, the first electric three-ventilation valve 5, the second electric three-ventilation valve 12 and the third electric three-ventilation valve 15 are activated, the fan runs, and the heat pump device starts. The return air in the drying chamber A passes through the second electric three-ventilation valve 12 and the third electric three-ventilation valve 15 and mixes with the fresh air, then is filtered by the air filter 16, and the temperature decreases after heat exchange with the heat pump heat exchanger 10, and enters the fan 8 , through the boosting effect of the fan 8, it enters the drying chamber A downward through the first electric three-way ventilation valve 5, and the hot air flows through the grain layer from bottom to top to cool the grain, and the cooled return air passes through the second electric three-way ventilation valve. The ventilation valve 12 and the third electric three-ventilation valve 15 are mixed with the fresh air and circulated in sequence, and the condensed water generated by cooling is collected by the condensed water pan 7 and discharged from the equipment.

In this way, it is possible to realize the reversing ventilation drying treatment of the grain, and there is no need to shovel the grain during the drying process, which has the effects of low energy consumption, high drying efficiency and simple process; and can realize the drying of the grain in the drying chamber. Post-cooling treatment reduces the drying cost; the grain will not be in a high-heat state all the time, which will affect the quality of the grain.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection of the present invention. within range.

Claims (7)

1. grain storage apparatus is dried in a kind of commutation, it is characterised in that：Including heat pump assembly, wind path switching device and control device, heat Pump installation is connected by air duct with wind path switching device；Wind path switching device is connected with drying room, control device by air duct It is electrically connected respectively with heat pump assembly, wind path switching device by cable；The wind path switching device sends air port back under including（6）、 On send air port back to（13）；Under send air port back to（6）It is connected with drying room bottom tuyeres by air duct, above sends air port back to（13）Pass through wind Road is connected with drying chamber top air port.

2. grain storage apparatus is dried in a kind of commutation as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The wind path switching device includes the One electric three passes air-valve（5）, wind turbine（8）, the second electric three passes air-valve（12）, wind turbine（8）Air outlet by air duct respectively with First electric three passes air-valve（5）With the second electric three passes air-valve（12）One end be connected, the first electric three passes air-valve（5）One End sends air port back under passing through（6）It is connected with drying room bottom tuyeres, the second electric three passes air-valve（12）One end by above giving Return air inlet（13）It is connected with drying chamber top air port.

3. grain storage apparatus is dried in a kind of commutation as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：Under the wind path switching device includes Exhaust outlet（20）, third electric three passes air-valve（15）, the first electric three passes air-valve（5）Pass through air duct and lower exhaust outlet（20）It is connected It is logical, third electric three passes air-valve（15）One end and the second electric three passes air-valve（12）One end be connected, third electric three passes Air-valve（15）One end be connected with exhaust outlet（14）；Wind turbine（8）Air inlet electric heater is connected in turn by air duct （9）, air filter（16）With electronic new air-valve（17）, third electric three passes air-valve（15）One end by air duct with it is electronic new Air-valve（17）It is connected.

4. grain storage apparatus is dried in a kind of commutation as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that：The heat pump assembly includes that heat pump changes Hot device（10）, heat pump heat exchanger（10）It is arranged in electric heater（9）With air filter（16）Between be connected air duct on；Heat pump Heat exchanger（10）Be arranged with solidifying water pond（7）, solidifying water pond（7）Equipped with drainpipe, facilitates and condensed water is discharged.

5. grain storage apparatus is dried in a kind of commutation as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：The heat pump assembly includes expansion valve Group（1）, gas-liquid separator（2）, device for drying and filtering（3）, liquid storage device（4）, four-way reversing valve（18）, compressor（19）；Compressor （19）Outlet and four-way reversing valve（18）Entrance by copper pipe be connected, four-way reversing valve（18）Outlet respectively with gas-liquid point From device（2）Entrance, heat pump heat exchanger（10）Outlet and another heat exchanger of heat pump outlet by copper pipe be connected；Heat pump changes Hot device（10）Entrance expansion valve group is connected in turn by copper pipe（1）, device for drying and filtering（3）With liquid storage device（4）.

6. grain storage apparatus is dried in a kind of commutation as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：The control device includes control Device, the first frequency converter, the second frequency converter；Under send air port back to（6）It is provided with the first Temperature Humidity Sensor, is provided in drying room Two Temperature Humidity Sensors, above send air port back to（13）It is provided with third Temperature Humidity Sensor, controller is warm and humid with first by cable Sensor, the second Temperature Humidity Sensor, the connection of third Temperature Humidity Sensor signal are spent, controller passes through the first frequency converter and wind turbine （8）Electrical connection, controller pass through the second frequency converter and compressor（19）Electrical connection.

7. grain storage apparatus is dried in a kind of commutation as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that：Electric heater（9）, air filter （16）, electronic new air-valve（17）, the first electric three passes air-valve（5）, the second electric three passes air-valve（12）, third electric three passes air-valve （15）Closed cavity is formed with air duct；First electric three passes air-valve（5）, the second electric three passes air-valve（12）, third electric three passes Air-valve（15）It is connected with controller signals by cable.