CN108315731B

CN108315731B - Rapid pollution-free galvanizing method

Info

Publication number: CN108315731B
Application number: CN201810239153.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 霍望图; 张于胜; 张伟; 卢金文; 张波; 曹辉辉
Original assignee: Northwest Institute for Non Ferrous Metal Research
Current assignee: Northwest Institute for Non Ferrous Metal Research
Priority date: 2018-03-22
Filing date: 2018-03-22
Publication date: 2020-07-28
Anticipated expiration: 2038-03-22
Also published as: CN108315731A

Abstract

The invention discloses a quick pollution-free galvanizing method, which comprises the following steps: pressing a zinc ball loaded with 500-900N load on a metal plate, controlling the metal plate to reciprocate along the X direction so that the zinc ball slides and rubs on the surface of the metal plate, controlling the metal plate to translate 200-800 μm along the Y direction and then reciprocate along the X direction when the metal plate reciprocates once along the X direction, continuously moving until the surface of the metal plate finishes a sliding and rubbing process, repeating the sliding and rubbing process for 20-90 times, and finally obtaining a zinc coating on the surface of the metal plate, wherein the Vickers hardness of the metal plate is higher than that of the zinc ball. The zinc ball of the invention cold welds zinc on the metal plate in the sliding friction process, the galvanizing process is simple and controllable, the binding force of the zinc coating and the metal base material is strong, and the joint has no crack and other defects, thus having wide market application prospect.

Description

Rapid pollution-free galvanizing method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of metal material surface plating, and particularly relates to a rapid pollution-free galvanizing method.

Background

Galvanization is the most common method of corrosion protection of metal surfaces, and the most common galvanization methods currently are electrogalvanizing and hot galvanizing. The mechanical galvanizing technology needs to adopt zinc powder, a surfactant, a sedimentary activator, an inorganic salt additive and the like, and has complex working procedures and great environmental pollution. In the hot galvanizing technology, a plate to be galvanized is usually required to be immersed into high-temperature zinc liquid, and a special cooling process is required after a coating is obtained, so that the process is complex and the energy consumption is high. The two galvanizing methods have complex process and high cost, and inevitably bring certain pollution to the environment. Both the "mechanical galvanizing agent titanium alloy plating process" of patent publication No. CN 101348909B and the "mechanical galvanizing process" of patent publication No. CN 103334100 a disclose a new process for obtaining a plating layer on a workpiece surface by using a mechanical plating method, but the methods disclosed in the above patents still need to use various additives such as an impact medium, an initiator, a passivation solution, and the like, and have large energy consumption, many process steps and complex processes.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a quick and pollution-free galvanizing method aiming at the defects of the prior art. The galvanizing method utilizes a sliding friction treatment method to quickly obtain a galvanized coating on the surface of a metal plate, does not need to adopt various additives such as an impact medium, an initiator, a passivation solution and the like, basically has no energy loss, can quickly and pollution-free galvanization, and can utilize the device disclosed in 'a method for realizing the nanocrystallization of the surface of a metal material by utilizing sliding friction' disclosed by the application number 201110277356.6.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a quick and pollution-free galvanizing method is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: pressing a zinc ball loaded with 500-900N load on a metal plate, controlling the metal plate to reciprocate along the X direction so that the zinc ball slides and rubs on the surface of the metal plate, controlling the metal plate to translate 200-800 μm along the Y direction and then reciprocate along the X direction when the metal plate reciprocates once along the X direction, continuously moving until the surface of the metal plate finishes a sliding and rubbing process, repeating the sliding and rubbing process for 20-90 times, and finally obtaining a zinc coating on the surface of the metal plate, wherein the Vickers hardness of the metal plate is higher than that of the zinc ball.

The principle of the galvanizing method is as follows: the hardness of the zinc balls is lower than that of the metal plate, when the metal plate is subjected to sliding friction under the zinc balls loaded with a load, the zinc balls are abraded, and zinc in the zinc balls is continuously cold-welded to the surface of the metal plate under the action of friction to form mechanical occlusion or metallurgical bonding, so that the one-time sliding friction process is repeated for multiple times, and a zinc coating can be obtained on the surface of the metal plate.

The rapid pollution-free galvanizing method is characterized in that the reciprocating speed of the metal plate along the X direction in the sliding friction treatment process is 0.2-0.4 m/s.

The rapid pollution-free galvanizing method is characterized in that the thickness of the galvanized layer is 60-150 microns, the thickness of the galvanized layer is related to the number of times of repeated one-time sliding friction procedures, the thickness of the galvanized layer required by conventional metal corrosion resistance can be achieved by repeating the procedures for 20-90 times, and the mode of controlling the galvanized layer is simple and convenient.

The rapid pollution-free galvanizing method is characterized in that the diameter of the zinc ball is 10 mm-25 mm; the zinc content of the zinc ball is 99.9 wt%, and the impurity iron content is 0.1 wt%.

The rapid and pollution-free galvanizing method is characterized in that the Vickers hardness of the zinc spheres is lower than 40. Because the zinc balls need to be cold-welded on the surface of the metal plate under a certain load to form mechanical occlusion or metallurgical bonding, if the Vickers hardness of the zinc balls is higher than 40, the zinc balls need to be loaded with a larger load, which increases the burden of equipment, and the reciprocating speed of the metal plate along the X direction also needs to be correspondingly reduced, so that the galvanizing efficiency is low, and the production cost of enterprises is increased invisibly.

The rapid and pollution-free galvanizing method is characterized in that the metal plate is a steel plate, an aluminum alloy plate, a magnesium alloy plate, a titanium alloy plate, a zirconium alloy plate, a niobium alloy plate or a tantalum alloy plate, which basically covers most kinds of plates, and the method can be widely applied.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. the galvanizing method provided by the invention is simple, the process is simple, the working procedures such as heating and cooling are not needed, the galvanizing speed is high, the cost is low, and no additive is needed, so that no pollution is caused to the environment, and the large-size metal plate surface can be galvanized quickly and is not limited to the laboratory scale.

2. The zinc balls adopted by the method are low in price and easy to purchase, the hardness of the zinc balls is usually far lower than that of a conventional metal (such as steel, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, titanium alloy, zirconium alloy, niobium alloy or tantalum alloy) plate, and the zinc balls are continuously cold-welded on the metal plate through sliding friction under the condition of load, so that a zinc coating can be obtained on the surfaces of various metal materials by using the method, and various additives such as an impact medium, an initiator, a passivation solution and the like are not required to be adopted in the method.

3. The invention innovatively applies the device disclosed in the invention patent with the application number of 201110277356.6, namely a method for realizing the nanocrystallization of the surface of a metal material by utilizing sliding friction, to galvanize the surface of a metal plate, develops another application of the device, and fixes the metal plate on a working platform by adopting a zinc ball as a friction mechanism of the device, thereby solving the problems of complex process, large energy consumption, certain pollution and the like in the existing galvanization method.

The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and examples.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a distribution diagram of elements near the interface between a zinc plating layer and No. 20 steel sheet obtained by subjecting No. 20 steel sheet to sliding friction treatment in example 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a photograph showing a cross-section of the No. 20 steel plate and the zinc plating layer obtained by the sliding friction treatment of the No. 20 steel plate in example 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a distribution diagram of elements near the interface between the zinc coating and the 7075 aluminum alloy obtained after the 7075 aluminum alloy is subjected to sliding friction treatment in example 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional scanning photograph of the 7075 aluminum alloy and the zinc plating layer obtained after the sliding friction treatment of the 7075 aluminum alloy in example 2 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Example 1

The fast and pollution-free galvanizing method of the embodiment comprises the following steps: placing a zinc ball loaded with 500N load on a No. 20 steel plate with the thickness of 1.8mm, controlling the No. 20 steel plate to do reciprocating motion along the X direction so that the zinc ball slides and rubs on the surface of the No. 20 steel plate, controlling the No. 20 steel plate to translate by 200 mu m along the Y direction and then reciprocate along the X direction when the No. 20 steel plate reciprocates once along the X direction, continuously moving until the surface to be galvanized of the No. 20 steel plate finishes a sliding and rubbing process, and then repeating the sliding and rubbing process for 20 times on the surface to be galvanized of the No. 20 steel plate; the speed of the No. 20 steel plate reciprocating along the X direction is 0.2 m/s; the friction pair is a zinc ball with the diameter of 10 mm; the zinc content of the zinc ball is 99.9 wt%, and the impurity iron content is 0.1 wt%; the Vickers hardness of the zinc ball is 28 measured by a MVS 1000JMT2 type Vickers hardness tester; the vickers hardness of the steel sheet to be galvanized, No. 20, was 143.

Fig. 1 is an element distribution diagram in the vicinity of the interface between the zinc plating layer obtained by subjecting steel sheet No. 20 to sliding friction treatment and steel sheet No. 20, in which the zinc plating layer (Zn) is located at the upper part of the element distribution diagram, the steel sheet No. 20 is located at the lower part thereof, and the iron element (Fe) is mainly contained in the steel sheet No. 20, and thus it can be judged that the thickness of the zinc plating layer is 90 μm. Fig. 2 is a scanning topography diagram at the interface corresponding to fig. 1, and in combination with fig. 1, it can be determined that the interface of the No. 20 steel plate/zinc coating is at the white dotted line in fig. 2, and it can be known that there are no cracks or other defects at the interface of the No. 20 steel plate and the zinc coating, which indicates that the zinc coating prepared in this embodiment and the No. 20 steel plate present perfect metallurgical bonding.

Example 2

The fast and pollution-free galvanizing method of the embodiment comprises the following steps: placing a friction pair loaded with 900N load on a 7075 aluminum alloy plate with the thickness of 3mm, controlling the 7075 aluminum alloy plate to reciprocate along the X direction so that a zinc ball slides and rubs on the surface of the 7075 aluminum alloy plate, controlling the 7075 aluminum alloy plate to translate 800 microns along the Y direction and then reciprocate along the X direction when the 7075 aluminum alloy plate reciprocates once along the X direction, continuously moving until the surface of the 7075 aluminum alloy plate to be galvanized finishes a sliding and rubbing process, and then repeating the sliding and rubbing process for 90 times on the surface of the 7075 aluminum alloy plate to be galvanized; the speed of reciprocating motion of the 7075 aluminum alloy plate along the X direction is 0.4 m/s; the diameter of the zinc ball is 25 mm; the zinc content of the zinc ball is 99.9 wt%, and the impurity iron content is 0.1 wt%; the Vickers hardness of the zinc ball is 31 measured by a MVS 1000JMT2 type Vickers hardness tester; the 7075 aluminum alloy was tested to have a vickers hardness of 175.

Fig. 3 is an element distribution diagram in the vicinity of the interface between the zinc plating layer obtained by subjecting the 7075 aluminum alloy to the sliding friction treatment and the 7075 aluminum alloy, and the zinc plating layer (Zn) is located in the upper part of the element distribution diagram and the 7075 alloy (Al) is located in the lower part of the element distribution diagram, whereby the thickness of the zinc plating layer can be judged to be 60 μm. Fig. 4 is a scanning topography at the interface corresponding to fig. 3, and in combination with fig. 3, it can be determined that the 7075 aluminum alloy/zinc coating interface is at the white dotted line in fig. 4, and it can be determined that there are no cracks or other defects at the interface, indicating that the zinc coating prepared in this example exhibits perfect metallurgical bonding with the 7075 aluminum alloy.

Example 3

The fast and pollution-free galvanizing method of the embodiment comprises the following steps: placing a friction pair loaded with 700N load on a TC4 titanium alloy plate, controlling the TC4 titanium alloy plate to reciprocate along the X direction so that a zinc ball slides and rubs on the surface of the TC4 titanium alloy plate, controlling the TC4 titanium alloy plate to translate 500 microns along the Y direction and then reciprocate along the X direction when the TC4 titanium alloy plate reciprocates once along the X direction, continuously moving until the surface to be galvanized of the TC4 titanium alloy plate finishes a sliding friction process, and then repeating the sliding friction process 50 times on the surface to be galvanized of the TC4 titanium alloy plate; the reciprocating speed of the plate along the X direction is 0.3 m/s; the diameter of the zinc ball is 15 mm; the zinc content of the zinc ball is 99.9 wt%, and the impurity iron content is 0.1 wt%; the Vickers hardness of the zinc ball is 22 measured by a MVS 1000JMT2 type Vickers hardness tester; the Vickers hardness of the TC4 titanium alloy sheet was 202 as tested.

This example also obtained a uniform zinc plating layer on the TC4 titanium alloy sheet, the plating layer having a thickness of 150 μm. The TC4 titanium alloy plate/zinc coating interface of the embodiment does not have any crack or other defects through detection, and the TC4 titanium alloy plate and the zinc coating present perfect metallurgical bonding.

The device used in the sliding friction process in the galvanization process of the embodiment 1 to the embodiment 3 of the invention is disclosed in the invention patent "a method for realizing the nanocrystallization of the surface of a metal material by using the sliding friction" (application number 201110277356.6).

The metal plate used in the embodiment of the invention is not limited to a steel plate, an aluminum alloy plate and a titanium alloy plate, but also can be a magnesium alloy plate, a zirconium alloy plate, a niobium alloy plate or a tantalum alloy plate, the surface of the plate can be well galvanized, and the bonding strength of a zinc coating is high.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent changes of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the invention.

Claims

1. A quick and pollution-free galvanizing method is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: pressing a zinc ball loaded with 500-900N load on a metal plate, controlling the metal plate to do reciprocating motion along the X direction so that the zinc ball slides and rubs on the surface of the metal plate, controlling the metal plate to translate 200-800 μm along the Y direction and then reciprocate along the X direction when the metal plate reciprocates once along the X direction, continuously moving until the surface of the metal plate finishes a sliding and rubbing process, repeating the sliding and rubbing process for 20-90 times, and finally obtaining a zinc coating on the surface of the metal plate, wherein the Vickers hardness of the metal plate is higher than that of the zinc ball; the reciprocating speed of the metal plate along the X direction in the sliding friction treatment process is 0.2-0.4 m/s.

2. The rapid non-pollution galvanization method according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the galvanized layer is 60 μm to 150 μm.

3. The fast and pollution-free galvanizing method according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the zinc balls is 10mm to 25 mm; the zinc content of the zinc ball is 99.9 wt%, and the impurity iron content is 0.1 wt%.

4. The fast and pollution-free galvanization method of claim 1, wherein said zinc spheres have a vickers hardness lower than 40.

5. The rapid non-pollution galvanization method of claim 1, wherein the metal plate is a steel plate, an aluminum alloy plate, a magnesium alloy plate, a titanium alloy plate, a zirconium alloy plate, a niobium alloy plate or a tantalum alloy plate.