CN108315368B - Preparation process of lysine fermentation medium - Google Patents

Preparation process of lysine fermentation medium Download PDF

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CN108315368B
CN108315368B CN201810384606.8A CN201810384606A CN108315368B CN 108315368 B CN108315368 B CN 108315368B CN 201810384606 A CN201810384606 A CN 201810384606A CN 108315368 B CN108315368 B CN 108315368B
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sulfate heptahydrate
lysine
corn bran
liquid
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董力青
王铮
王峰
唐永强
汲广习
李航
聂庆胜
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Qiqihar Longjiang Fufeng Biotechnology Co ltd
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    • C12P13/00Preparation of nitrogen-containing organic compounds
    • C12P13/04Alpha- or beta- amino acids
    • C12P13/08Lysine; Diaminopimelic acid; Threonine; Valine

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of amino acid fermentation, and discloses a preparation process of a lysine fermentation culture medium, which comprises the steps of sequentially adding corn bran treatment substances, corn steep liquor, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, calcium acetate, mannitol, biotin and vitamins into water, uniformly stirring, adjusting the pH value to be 6.8, preserving the heat at 121 ℃ for 20min, sterilizing and cooling to obtain the lysine fermentation culture medium. The preparation process is simple and feasible, the corn bran is used as the main raw material, and the prepared culture medium is low in cost.

Description

Preparation process of lysine fermentation medium
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of amino acid fermentation, and particularly relates to a preparation process of a lysine fermentation culture medium.
Background
Lysine is an amino acid required by human body, an indispensable nutrient. The protein is the main component of human body cell, the protein in food is digested into amino acids, and then the amino acids are utilized by human body to synthesize new human body protein, such as immune antibody, digestive enzyme, plasma protein, growth hormone, etc. which are synthesized human body protein. Among the various amino acids that synthesize proteins, L-lysine is the most important one, and in the absence of lysine, other amino acids are limited or unavailable, and scientists refer to it as the first essential amino acid in the human body. Scientists also found that L-lysine is the most important and essential component of growth-controlling substance, inhibin, and plays an important role in both central and peripheral nervous system of human. The human body can not synthesize the L-lysine by itself, the lysine which must be absorbed from the food is a key substance for helping other nutrient substances to be fully absorbed and utilized by the human body, and the human body can improve the absorption and utilization of food protein only by supplementing enough L-lysine, thereby achieving balanced nutrition and promoting growth and development. The main functions are as follows: improving intelligence, promoting growth, and strengthening body constitution; promoting appetite, and improving malnutrition; improving insomnia and memory; helping to produce antibodies, hormones and enzymes, improving immunity and increasing hemoglobin; help calcium absorption, treat and prevent osteoporosis; reducing triglyceride level in blood, and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
At present, the methods for producing lysine mainly comprise a fermentation method and an enzyme method. Among them, the fermentation method is the most widespread production method, and the main microorganisms for producing lysine by the fermentation method are corynebacterium glutamicum, brevibacterium flavum and the like. The highest acid yield in industrial production is improved to more than 100g per liter of fermentation liquor, and the extraction rate reaches about 80-90%. However, the cost of the culture medium restricts the development of enterprises, the cost of raw materials is high, and the profit of the enterprises is correspondingly reduced.
Corn bran is a by-product produced by corn deep-processing enterprises, and is prepared by soaking corn particles, then entering a starch production process, and then washing, squeezing water, drying and other procedures, wherein the main components of the corn bran are fibers, starch, protein and the like. The corn epidermis separated from the soaked and crushed corn has high protein and starch content and is mainly used in the feed industry. The corn bran is hydrolyzed by enzyme to prepare dietary fiber, the dietary fiber is also called as a seventh nutrient, has the functions of moisturizing and absorbing water, can generate sol and gel in vivo, delays the diffusion of food components in digestive organs, and promotes the delay of the absorption of sugar and the absorption of inorganic matters and organic matters.
How to process and recycle corn husks is a technical problem to be solved by fermentation enterprises. The corn bran contains about 20% of starch, about 10% of protein, about 55% of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and other components which cannot be utilized by the strain, and the balance of water, grey matter and the like. When corn bran is used in a fermentation medium, it is necessary to remove cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and other components which are not easily utilized by the strain, and then hydrolyze proteins and starch to obtain saccharides, polypeptides and amino acids which are easily absorbed and utilized by the strain.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of high cost, low lysine yield and the like of the fermentation culture medium in the prior art, and provides a preparation process of the lysine fermentation culture medium.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the preparation process of the lysine fermentation medium comprises the following steps:
1) taking a corn bran treatment product, corn steep liquor, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, calcium acetate, mannitol, biotin, vitamins and water;
2) sequentially adding corn bran processed product, corn steep liquor, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, calcium acetate, mannitol, biotin and vitamins into water, stirring uniformly, adjusting pH to 6.8, keeping temperature at 121 ℃ for 20min, sterilizing, and cooling to obtain the final product.
Specifically, the addition amount of the corn husk treatment substance is 200-300g/L, the addition amount of the corn steep liquor is 10-20g/L, the addition amount of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 1-2g/L, the addition amount of the dipotassium hydrogen phosphate is 1-2g/L, the addition amount of the ferrous sulfate heptahydrate is 0.1-0.2g/L, the addition amount of the magnesium sulfate heptahydrate is 0.1-0.2g/L, the addition amount of the calcium acetate is 100-200mg/L, the addition amount of the mannitol is 50-100mg/L, the addition amount of the biotin is 5-10mg/L, and the vitamin B is1The addition amount of (B) is 1-2 mg/L.
Further, the corn bran treatment product is prepared according to the following process:
step 1) crushing corn husks into powder, then carrying out degreasing treatment, then adding the powder into five times of water by weight, uniformly stirring, carrying out enzymolysis, then centrifuging, collecting precipitates and liquid, placing the liquid at 100 ℃, carrying out heat preservation for 3min to inactivate enzyme, cooling to room temperature, and finally concentrating to one fifth of the original volume to obtain concentrated solution;
step 2) adding water with twice weight of the precipitate obtained in the step 1), uniformly stirring, adjusting the pH value to 6.8-7, performing enzymolysis, centrifuging at 1000rpm for 3min, collecting liquid and precipitate, placing the liquid at 100 ℃, preserving the temperature for 3min to inactivate enzyme, and cooling to room temperature;
and 3) combining the concentrated solution obtained in the step 1) and the liquid obtained in the step 2), namely the corn bran treatment product.
Preferably, in step 1), the enzymolysis includes: adding neutral protease according to the proportion of 10U neutral amylase to 1g corn bran, and keeping the temperature at 65 ℃ for 30 min.
Preferably, in the step 1), the particle size of the powder is 100 mesh or more.
Preferably, in step 2), the enzymolysis includes: according to 200U neutral protease: adding neutral protease at the ratio of 1g corn bran, and keeping the temperature at 50 ℃ for 2 h.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that the following aspects are mainly included but not limited:
the preparation process is simple and feasible, the corn bran is used as the main raw material, the prepared culture medium is low in cost, and the enterprise cost is reduced;
corn is a main raw material of a fermentation enterprise, the corn flour is used for fermentation and preparation of sugars, and most of the residual corn bran is used as feed, so that the additional value is low, and certain waste is caused; corn bran can be treated and used for a lysine fermentation culture medium, the corn bran contains a large amount of protein, starch and cellulose substances, the starch can be used as a carbon source component through enzymolysis, the protein can be used as a nitrogen source component through enzymolysis, and the cellulose substances cannot be utilized by bacterial strains and can be separated out to be used as dietary fibers; the invention comprehensively treats the corn bran, improves the added value of products, and effectively solves the problems of storage and waste of the corn bran in fermentation enterprises; the fermentation medium prepared by the method has low cost, the fermentation cost is reduced, and the enterprise profit is improved; starch, protein and cellulose have stronger bond in the maize peel, and direct addition protease is difficult to carry out the enzymolysis to the protein, can adopt amylase to carry out the enzymolysis to starch earlier, then the cohesion of protein reduces to make the enzymolysis of protein fairly easy.
Calcium acetate participates in the synthesis of acetyl coenzyme A in cells and can participate in tricarboxylic acid circulation, so that the metabolic strength of the cells is increased, and a proper amount of calcium acetate can promote the growth of thallus cells, so that the fermentation of lysine is promoted; mannitol can maintain osmotic pressure, prevent the outflow of cell moisture and the invasion of salinity simultaneously, improve the tolerance of cell to lack of water, high temperature, high salt and hypertonic environment, stabilize enzyme activity and biomacromolecule function, the thalli can absorb mannitol in the culture medium and resist the pressure of high infiltration, in lysine fermentation process, the effect of accelerating bacterial growth rate, sugar consumption rate and acid production rate can be played in the addition of appropriate amount mannitol.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the influence of different calcium acetate addition amounts on the yield of lysine;
FIG. 2: the effect of different mannitol additions on lysine production.
Detailed Description
Those skilled in the art can modify the process parameters appropriately to achieve the desired results with reference to the disclosure herein. It is expressly intended that all such similar substitutes and modifications which would be obvious to one skilled in the art are deemed to be included in the invention. While the products and methods of this invention have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, it will be apparent to those of skill in the art that variations and modifications, or appropriate alterations and combinations, of the products and methods described herein may be made and utilized without departing from the spirit, scope, and spirit of the invention. For a further understanding of the present invention, reference will now be made in detail to the following examples.
Example 1
A lysine fermentation medium comprises the following components:
300g/L of corn husk treatment product, 10g/L of corn steep liquor, 2g/L of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2g/L of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.2g/L of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 0.2g/L of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 200mg/L of calcium acetate, 50mg/L of mannitol, 10mg/L of biotin and vitamin B12mg/L, and the solvent is water;
the preparation process comprises the following steps: adding the above materials into water, adjusting pH to 6.8, sterilizing at 121 deg.C for 20min, and cooling to 32 deg.C.
The fermentation process using the fermentation medium comprises the following steps: placing a fermentation culture medium in a fermentation tank, inoculating strain seed liquid according to 12% of inoculation amount, controlling the temperature at 32 ℃, the tank pressure at 0.05MPa, the air volume at 600L/h, the rotation speed at 350rpm, the pH at 6.8, controlling the dissolved oxygen at 30-40%, and controlling the tank pressure, the air volume and the rotation speed according to the change of the dissolved oxygen; the fermentation time was 48 h.
The corn bran treatment product is prepared according to the following process:
step 1) crushing corn husks into powder with the particle size of more than 100 meshes, degreasing, adding the powder into water with the weight of five times, uniformly stirring, adding neutral protease according to the proportion of 10U neutral amylase to 1g of corn husks, preserving heat at 65 ℃ for 30min, centrifuging, collecting precipitate and liquid, placing the liquid at 100 ℃, preserving heat for 3min to inactivate enzyme, cooling to room temperature, and finally concentrating to one fifth of the original volume to obtain concentrated solution; the content of reducing sugar in the concentrated solution is 72 percent by the colorimetric determination of dinitrosalicylic acid;
step 2) adding water with twice weight of the precipitate obtained in the step 1), uniformly stirring, adjusting the pH value to 6.8-7, and then adding 200U of neutral protease: adding neutral protease at a ratio of 1g corn bran, keeping the temperature at 50 deg.C for 2h, centrifuging at 1000rpm for 3min, collecting liquid and precipitate, placing the liquid at 100 deg.C, keeping the temperature for 3min to inactivate enzyme, and cooling to room temperature; the main component of the precipitate is dietary fiber, and can be used for other purposes. Through detection, the proteolysis rate in the liquid is 85%, and the recovery rate of the corn bran protein is 70%; about 30% of protein is combined with fiber, is difficult to hydrolyze and is finally present in precipitate;
and 3) combining the concentrated solution obtained in the step 1) and the liquid obtained in the step 2), namely the corn bran treatment product.
Example 2
A lysine fermentation medium comprises the following components:
200g/L of corn husk treatment product, 20g/L of corn steep liquor, 1g/L of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1g/L of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.1g/L of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 0.1g/L of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 100mg/L of calcium acetate, 100mg/L of mannitol, 5mg/L of biotin, and vitamin B11mg/L, and the solvent is water;
the preparation process comprises the following steps: adding the above materials into water, adjusting pH to 6.8, sterilizing at 121 deg.C for 20min, and cooling to 32 deg.C.
The fermentation process using the fermentation medium comprises the following steps: placing a fermentation culture medium in a fermentation tank, inoculating strain seed liquid according to the inoculation amount of 10%, controlling the temperature at 32 ℃, the tank pressure at 0.05MPa, the air volume at 600L/h, the rotation speed at 350rpm, the pH at 6.8, controlling the dissolved oxygen at 30-40%, and controlling the tank pressure, the air volume and the rotation speed according to the change of the dissolved oxygen; the fermentation time was 48 h.
The corn bran treatment product is prepared according to the following process:
step 1) crushing corn husks into powder with the particle size of more than 100 meshes, degreasing, adding the powder into water with the weight of five times, uniformly stirring, adding neutral protease according to the proportion of 10U neutral amylase to 1g of corn husks, preserving heat at 65 ℃ for 30min, centrifuging, collecting precipitate and liquid, placing the liquid at 100 ℃, preserving heat for 3min to inactivate enzyme, and cooling to room temperature;
step 2) adding water with twice weight of the precipitate obtained in the step 1), uniformly stirring, adjusting the pH value to 6.8-7, and then adding 200U of neutral protease: adding protease into 1g of corn bran, keeping the temperature at 50 ℃ for 2h, centrifuging at 1000rpm for 3min, collecting liquid and precipitate, placing the liquid at 100 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3min to inactivate enzyme, and cooling to room temperature; the main component of the precipitate is dietary fiber, and can be used for other purposes;
and 3) combining the concentrated solution obtained in the step 1) and the liquid obtained in the step 2), namely the corn bran treatment product.
Comparative example 1
A lysine fermentation medium comprises the following components:
80g/L glucose, 30g/L yeast extract, 10g/L corn steep liquor, 2g/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2g/L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and sulfur heptahydrateFerrous acid 0.2g/L, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 0.2g/L, biotin 10mg/L, vitamin B12mg/L, and the solvent is water.
Comparative example 2
A lysine fermentation medium comprises the following components:
80g/L glucose, 30g/L yeast extract, 10g/L corn steep liquor, 2g/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2g/L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.2g/L ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 0.2g/L magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 200mg/L calcium acetate, 50mg/L mannitol, 10mg/L biotin and vitamin B12mg/L, and the solvent is water.
Comparative example 3
A lysine fermentation medium comprises the following components:
300g/L of corn husk treatment product, 10g/L of corn steep liquor, 2g/L of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2g/L of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.2g/L of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 0.2g/L of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 10mg/L of biotin, vitamin B12mg/L, and the solvent is water.
Example 3
The fermentation lysine production amounts of the fermentation of example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were investigated using Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC14997 as a fermentation strain, the fermentation process was referred to example 1, and the specific fermentation acid production amounts are shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1
Group of Example 1 Comparative example 1 Comparative example 2 Comparative example 3
Lysine yield g/L 173.5 147.8 162.9 151.7
As shown in table 1, the acid yield of example 1 was the highest, and was increased by 17.4% as compared with comparative example 1, 6.5% as compared with comparative example 2, and 14.3% as compared with comparative example 3.
Example 4
Taking example 1 as an example, the influence of the addition amount of the corn bran treatment product on the fermentation acid production amount is detected, and the fermentation process is referred to example 1 by taking Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC14997 as a fermentation strain, wherein the concentrations of the corn bran treatment product are respectively set to be 50g/L,100g/L,200g/L,300g/L,400g/L and 500g/L, and specifically shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2
Group of 50g/L 100g/L 200g/L 300g/L 400g/L 500g/L
Lysine yield g/L 109.1 133.5 166.8 173.5 176.2 178.1
As shown in Table 2, the increase of the lysine yield by fermentation is obvious with the increase of the corn bran treatment product, the increase is slow when the lysine yield is increased to 200g/L, and 200-300g/L is most suitable for the cost reason.
Example 5
Influence of the addition amounts of calcium acetate and mannitol on the amount of lysine produced by fermentation:
taking example 1 as an example, on the premise of keeping other components unchanged, the concentration gradients of calcium acetate are set to be 0, 50, 100, 200, 300 and 400mg/L respectively by taking Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC14997 as a fermentation strain, as shown in FIG. 1, the yield of lysine is continuously increased with the increase of the calcium acetate concentration, when the addition amount is increased to 100mg/L, the yield is not increased obviously, after 200mg/L, the yield is reduced, and the concentration of 100-200mg/L is selected to be most suitable.
Taking example 1 as an example, on the premise of maintaining other components, setting the concentration gradients of mannitol as 0, 25, 50, 100 and 200mg/L respectively, as shown in fig. 2, as the concentration of mannitol increases, the yield of lysine increases, when the addition amount increases to 50mg/L, the yield of lysine reaches the maximum, as the addition amount of mannitol increases, the yield of lysine decreases, and finally, the concentration of 50-100mg/L is selected to be most suitable.
The above description of the embodiments is only intended to facilitate the understanding of the method of the invention and its core idea. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. The preparation method of the lysine fermentation medium comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a corn bran treatment product:
step a), crushing corn husks into powder, degreasing, adding the powder into five times of water, uniformly stirring, performing enzymolysis, adding neutral amylase according to the proportion of 10U neutral amylase to 1g of corn husks, preserving heat at 65 ℃ for 30min, centrifuging, collecting precipitates and liquid, placing the liquid at 100 ℃, preserving heat for 3min to inactivate enzyme, cooling to room temperature, and finally concentrating to one fifth of the original volume to obtain concentrated solution;
step b) adding water with twice weight of the precipitate obtained in the step a), uniformly stirring, adjusting the pH value to 6.8-7, performing enzymolysis, and performing enzymolysis according to 200U of neutral protease: adding neutral protease at the ratio of 1g corn bran, and keeping the temperature at 50 ℃ for 2 h; centrifuging at 1000rpm for 3min, collecting liquid and precipitate, placing the liquid at 100 deg.C, maintaining the temperature for 3min to inactivate enzyme, and cooling to room temperature;
step c) combining the concentrated solution obtained in the step 1) and the liquid obtained in the step 2), namely the corn bran treatment product;
2) taking a corn bran treatment product, corn steep liquor, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, calcium acetate, mannitol, biotin, vitamins and water;
3) sequentially adding corn bran treatment substances, corn steep liquor, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, calcium acetate, mannitol, biotin and vitamins into water, and uniformly stirring to ensure that the corn bran treatment substances are 200-300g/L, the corn steep liquor is 10-20g/L, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 1-2g/L, the dipotassium hydrogen phosphate is 1-2g/L, the ferrous sulfate heptahydrate is 0.1-0.2g/L, the magnesium sulfate heptahydrate is 0.1-0.2g/L, the calcium acetate is 100-200mg/L, the mannitol is 50-100mg/L, the biotin is 5-10mg/L, and the vitamin B is11-2mg/L, adjusting pH to 6.8, sterilizing at 121 deg.C for 20min, and cooling;
the lysine fermentation medium is used for producing lysine by fermentation of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 14997.
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