CN108310143B - 治疗产后腰骶痛的外用药及其制备方法,以及含有所述外用药的组合产品 - Google Patents
治疗产后腰骶痛的外用药及其制备方法,以及含有所述外用药的组合产品 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及中药医学领域,具体而言,涉及一种治疗产后腰骶痛的外用药及其制备方法,以及含有所述外用药的组合产品。以重量份计,所述外用药包括以下组份:蒲黄6~14份、五灵脂5~13份、肉桂3~7份、丁香1~5份、当归8~16份、川芎6~14份、海风藤8~16份以及木瓜5~13份。该外用药与电脑中频药物导入治疗仪可显著提高对产后腰骶痛的治疗效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中药医学领域,具体而言,涉及一种治疗产后腰骶痛的外用药及其制备方法,以及含有所述外用药的组合产品。
背景技术
产后腰骶痛即女性在分娩后出现腰骶部疼痛、腰骶关节僵硬冷痛、转侧翻身困难,是已生育女性中较为常见的一种疾病,可伴有盆底肌松弛如漏尿、性生活质量下降等难以启齿的疾患。一般与生理性缺钙、腰骶部旧疾、过度劳累、产前或产中盆底肌受损、姿势不当等有关。临床上常伴有腰酸、腰部下坠感、腰部无力、乏力气短等不适症状,可连续数年,甚至十年以上。
由于女性在分娩后局部软组织的适应性降低,功能未恢复正常,是发病的内在因素;分娩后护理不当、过度疲劳、外邪入侵是本病的发病外因。
祖国医学认为,本病因产后气血亏虚,产褥期摄生不慎,风寒湿邪乘虚而入于腰骶部关节、经络、肌肤腠理,导致局部气血运行不畅,不通则痛,属“产后身痛”范畴。
目前,中医药治疗该疾病有较理想的效果,能迅速缓解疼痛症状。
有鉴于此,特提出本发明。
发明内容
本发明的第一目的在于提供一种治疗产后腰骶痛的外用药,该药物具有药效好,无明显的毒副反应等优点。
本发明的治疗产后腰骶痛的外用药,以重量份计,包括以下组份:
蒲黄6~14份、五灵脂5~13份、肉桂3~7份、丁香1~5份、当归8~16 份、川芎6~14份、海风藤8~16份以及木瓜5~13份。
本发明的第二目的在于提供制备本发明药物的方法。
在一些实施方式中,包括以下步骤:
将各原料粉碎,混合在一起。
在一些实施方式中,包括以下步骤:
(a)将各原料用水煎煮或冲泡,得到煎液,或用乙醇水溶液提取,得到提取液;
(b)用所述煎液或所述提取液制备所需剂型。
本发明的第三目的在于提供一种治疗产后腰骶痛的组合产品,包括电脑中频药物导入治疗仪以及如上所述的外用药。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:
(1)药效好,纯中药配方,无明显的毒副反应;
(2)以中药制剂形式用药,外用方便,效果好;
(3)与电脑中频药物导入治疗仪配合使用,能有效治疗产后腰骶痛。
具体实施方式
本发明一方面涉及治疗产后腰骶痛的外用药,包括以下组份:蒲黄、五灵脂、肉桂、丁香、当归、川芎、海风藤以及木瓜。
优选的,本发明的外用药以重量份计,包括以下组份:
蒲黄6~14份、五灵脂5~13份、肉桂3~7份、丁香1~5份、当归8~16 份、川芎6~14份、海风藤8~16份以及木瓜5~13份。
优选的,本发明的外用药以重量份计,包括以下组份:
蒲黄8~12份、五灵脂7~11份、肉桂4~6份、丁香2~4份、当归10~14 份、川芎8~12份、海风藤10~14份以及木瓜7~11份。
优选的,本发明的外用药以重量份计,包括以下组份:
蒲黄10份、五灵脂9份、肉桂5份、丁香3份、当归12份、川芎10 份、海风藤12份以及木瓜9份。
在一种优选的实施方式中,本发明的外用药采用有效的中草药(蒲黄颗粒10g、五灵脂颗粒9g、肉桂颗粒5g、丁香颗粒3g、当归颗粒12g、川芎颗粒10g、海风藤颗粒12g、木瓜颗粒9g)/剂。药物均选用定量包装的免煎中药颗粒剂(浙江惠松制药有限公司生产)。
在一种优选的实施方式中,本发明的药物进一步包括辅料或赋形剂。
一、原料(组分)
(1)蒲黄
蒲黄,为香蒲科植物水烛香蒲Typha angustifolia L.、东方香蒲Typhaorientalis Presl或同属植物的干燥花粉。夏季采收蒲棒上部的黄色雄花序,晒干后碾轧,筛取花粉。剪取雄花后,晒干,成为带有雄花的花粉,即为草蒲黄。用于吐血,衄血,咯血,崩漏,外伤出血,经闭通经,胸腹刺痛,跌扑肿痛,血淋涩痛。
(2)五灵脂
五灵脂,又称作寒号虫粪、灵脂、糖灵脂、灵脂米,是鼯鼠科动物复齿鼯鼠的粪便,主要分布于华北、塞北、华西等地。可入药,属活血化瘀药,能活血止痛。
(3)肉桂
肉桂(Cinnamomum cassia),入药部分为桂皮,有驱风健胃、活血祛瘀、散寒止痛之效;补五脏之其中四脏:心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肾脏;树枝则能发汗驱风,通经脉。
(4)丁香
丁香(Syzygium aromaticum)花蕾入药具有防腐剂及杀菌剂的特性,还可协助消化作用。可减轻牙痛和嘴部疼痛。
(5)当归
当归(Angelica sinensis),根可入药,可作为温和的镇静剂、缓泻剂、利尿剂、抗痉挛剂和减轻疼痛、改善血液、强化生殖系统,帮助身体利用贺尔蒙。用来治疗妇女疾病,如:热潮红和其他更年期的症状、经前症候群及阴道干燥。
(6)川芎
川芎(Ligusticum chuanxiong)的干燥根茎入药,活血行气,祛风止痛。常主治月经不调,经闭痛经,症瘕腹痛,胸胁刺痛,跌扑肿痛,头痛,风湿痹痛。
(7)海风藤
海风藤(Piper kadsura)可祛风湿、通经路、止痹痛。
(8)木瓜
为蔷薇科植物贴梗海棠Chaenomeles speciosa(Sweet)Nakai的干燥近成熟果实。有舒筋活络,和胃化湿的功效。用于治疗湿痹拘挛,腰膝关节酸重疼痛,暑湿吐泻,转筋挛痛,脚气水肿。
二、形式和剂型
在一种实施方式中,本发明的药物为简单混合物。制备过程为将各药材(原料)简单混合即可,这种简单混合物适于制备简单的水剂。
在另一种实施方式中,本发明的药物还可以做成中成药的形式。中成药的剂型包括但不限于散剂、膏剂、丹剂、酒剂、锭剂、水剂、气雾剂、巴布剂。
(1)散剂
散剂是一种或多种药材混合制成的粉末状制剂,分内服散剂和外用散剂,是我国古代剂型之一。散剂治疗范围广,服用后分散快,奏效迅速,且具有制作方便、携带方便、节省药材等优点。
本发明采用外用散剂。
(2)膏剂
膏剂系药物剂型之一。膏剂是将药物用水或植物油煎熬浓缩而成的剂型。有内服和外用两种。外用膏有软膏、硬膏两种。外用的软膏称油膏,一般药膏,是把蜂蜡加入棉子油或花生油中,加热熔化,乘热加入应用的药物细粉,不断搅拌,待冷凝即成。冰片、樟脑等容易挥发的药,可在油膏冷后加入搅匀。
本发明优选为外用软膏。
(3)丹剂
丹剂有内服和外用两种,没有固定剂型。有的将药物研成细末即成,有的再加糊或黏性药汁制成各种形状,有的丹剂也是丸剂的一种。因多用精炼药品或贵重药品制成,所以不称丸而称丹。外用丹剂,仅供外科用。
(4)酒剂
酒剂古称“酒醴”,后世称为“药酒”。是以酒为溶媒,一般以白酒或黄酒浸制药物,或加温同煮,去渣取液供内服或外用。酒剂不宜于阴虚火旺的病人。
(5)锭剂
将药物研成细末,单独或加适当的糊粉、蜂蜜与赋型剂混合后制成不同形状的一种固体制剂。本发明采用外用,磨汁涂敷患处。若制成饼状则称为饼剂。
(6)水剂
将药物冲泡后外用。
(7)气雾剂
系指药物与适宜抛射剂封装于具有特制阀门系统的耐压容器中制成的的制剂,使用时,借助抛射剂的压力将内容物以定量或非定量喷出,药物喷出多为雾状气溶胶,其雾滴一般小于50μm。
(8)巴布剂
巴布剂(cataplasma)是一种新型的外用制剂,系指将药物溶解或混合于水溶性高分子材料基质中,摊涂于裱背材料上,供皮肤贴敷的外用剂型。
三、制备方法
1、简单混合物的制备
可以将上述原料简单混合在一起,从而制备本发明的简单混合物。
在一种实施方式中,制备该药物的方法包括以下步骤:将各组分粉碎,混合在一起。
2、中成药的制备
在一种实施方式中,制备本发明药物的方法包括以下步骤:
(a)将上述原料用水煎煮,得到煎液,或用乙醇水溶液提取,得到提取液;
(b)用煎液制备所需剂型。
剂型可以是上述剂型,例如散剂、膏剂、丹剂、酒剂、锭剂、水剂、气雾剂、巴布剂。
四、使用方法
本发明所采用的外用药可直接外敷使用。
为提高药效,本发明还提供了一种治疗产后腰骶痛的组合产品,包括电脑中频药物导入治疗仪以及如上所述的外用药。
在一些实施方式中,所述外用药为液体剂型(如水剂),所述组合产品还包括用以吸附液体剂型的材料,优选为外科纱布敷料。
患者只需俯卧或仰卧位进行治疗,免去针刺的疼痛及恐惧,在安逸舒适的情况下,得到很好的治疗,即可缓解腰骶酸痛不适症状,提高女性产后生活质量。且电脑中频药物导入治疗集合了温热、穴位、药物、中频等多重治疗方法于一身,直接作用于病变部位,可有效改善局部血液循环,促进气血的通畅,达到消炎镇痛的作用,且该治疗方法操作简便,适合全面推广。
下面将结合实施例对本发明的实施方案进行详细描述,但是本领域技术人员将会理解,下列实施例仅用于说明本发明,而不应视为限制本发明的范围。实施例中未注明具体条件者,按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市购获得的常规产品。
实施例1(膏剂)
蒲黄6g、五灵脂13g、肉桂3g、丁香5g、当归8g、川芎14g、海风藤 8g以及木瓜13g。
加入500ml升饮用水煲沸熬至黏稠糊状,加入蜂蜡,制得膏剂。
实施例2(酒剂)
蒲黄14g、五灵脂5g、肉桂7g、丁香1g、当归16g、川芎6g、海风藤 16g以及木瓜5g。
加入600ml粮食酒浸泡一周,制得酒剂。
实施例3(散剂)
蒲黄8g、五灵脂11g、肉桂4g、丁香4g、当归10g、川芎12g、海风藤10g以及木瓜11g。
将上述药材研磨成细粉,过325目的药用筛。
实施例4(水剂)
蒲黄12g、五灵脂7g、肉桂6g、丁香2g、当归14g、川芎8g、海风藤 14g以及木瓜7g。
药物均选用定量包装的免煎中药颗粒剂(浙江惠松制药有限公司生产)。将中药颗粒剂充分混匀,用80℃-90℃热水30ml冲泡并冷却至37℃ -40℃后备用。
实施例5(水剂)
蒲黄10g、五灵脂9g、肉桂5g、丁香3g、当归12g、川芎10g、海风藤12g以及木瓜9g。
药物均选用定量包装的免煎中药颗粒剂(浙江惠松制药有限公司生产)。将中药颗粒剂充分混匀,用80℃-90℃热水30ml冲泡并冷却至37℃ -40℃后备用。
应用例1~5
应用例2、4、5:将两块纱布片(规格:灭菌级外科纱布敷料 7.5cm*7.5cm-8P)浸湿药物备用,将50ml 40℃左右温水倒在蓝色吸水电极板的布罩层上,至布罩层吸水均匀、饱和且不滴水为宜。将治疗线上红色与黑色三端金属插头分别插入两块吸水电极板对应的插孔内,再将浸湿药物的两块纱布片分别置于腰骶区域内,双侧髂后上棘与骶髂关节之间压痛最明显处,两块吸水电极板的蓝色布罩层紧贴于纱布片之上,并用绑带固定。
打开HY-D02型电脑中频药物导入治疗仪的电源开关,待显示器点亮后,扳动面板上的“中频/导入”开关至“导入”位置,以及“加热/常温”开关至“加热”位置,按下N键,使处方“01”闪动,按增加(△) 键或减少(▽)键将处方选定为“11”腰痛、腰肌劳损选项,再次按下N 键,使“20:00”闪动,按增加(△)键或减少(▽)键将治疗时间设定为 40分钟,按动S键,启动治疗,剂量“00”闪动,连续按增加(△)键或减少(▽)键将剂量缓慢增加至患者所适应的数值。每日1次,每次治疗 40分钟,15次为一疗程,每疗程间应间隔一星期。
应用例1、3:与上述不同的是,不使用纱布,直接将药剂擦于腰骶区域内,双侧髂后上棘与骶髂关节之间压痛最明显处。
实验例
选取2013年1月至2016年12月在杭州市红十字会医院分娩(包括剖宫产和顺产)后出现腰骶痛的产妇80例(排除后剩余实际实验者数量),实验组和对照组各40例,治疗组年龄(27.4±4.2)岁,对照组(23.8±5.0) 岁。两组患者年龄、文化程度、分娩方式等差异均无统计学意义。
排除标准:通过询问患者病史、体格检查、影像学检查等排除有产科并发症和以下既往史者:1)曾接受过腰椎手术,有腰部及骨盆区骨折外伤史,腰椎间盘突出或产前已有慢性腰骶痛症状患者;2)脊柱畸形,肿瘤病史或已确诊由其他疾病导致的腰骶痛患者;3)合并盆腔炎及妇科炎症者;4) 近期曾因腰痛接受过治疗者;5)分娩后使用过可能影响疼痛的药物者。
诊断标准包括:1)产妇产前无不适症状,在产后哺乳期出现的急性或慢性腰骶痛。大多为姿势不正确、用力不当、改变体位、转移行走后出现。 2)疼痛部位主要表现在腰部和骶髂关节部,可放射至下肢及耻骨联合处。 3)腰部活动可受限,常伴有关节“卡压感”,难以挺胸、直腰、翻身起坐和变换体位。4)体征:多为骨盆倾斜,功能性长短腿,内外八字脚。腰椎、骶髂关节局部压痛或放射痛,局部激发试验阳性。腰椎四象限试验阳性。单髋后伸试验、“4”字试验阳性、骨盆分离和挤压试验阳性、直腿抬高试验阳性。5)影像学检查:X线检查分别取骨盆正面立姿及腰椎正面、侧面,参照冈氏X线判断法,确定骶髂关节或腰椎半脱位的类型,为脊柱矫正提供最直接最根本的临床诊断依据。
实验方法:参照普通高等教育“十五”国家级规划教材《推拿学》的推拿治疗方案对实验组和对照组进行治疗,两组患者均隔天施治1次,15d 为1个疗程,1个疗程后观察临床疗效。治疗后均嘱咐患者注意休息,治疗期间不宜进行剧烈运动。治疗组每次推拿前使用应用例5中的方法进行治疗;对照组也使用电脑中频药物导入治疗仪进行治疗,区别仅在于纱布中浸润的为纯水。采用双盲实验。
评价标准包括:1)临床疗效:参照中医药管理局1994年颁布的《中医病症诊断疗效标准》。临床治愈:腰骶部疼痛消失,腰腿活动自如,无不适感;好转:腰骶部疼痛减轻,功能改善;无效:症状体征无明显改善。2)疼痛评分:采用视觉模拟评分法(VAS)。“0”分,表示无痛;“10”分,表示无法忍受的疼痛。(3)功能障碍评分:用Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)评定。ODI就产妇日常生活的行走、坐、提物、站立等分为10个部分进行评分,每个部分0~5分,0分表示无活动限制,5分表示最严重的限制。本研究中评定项目为9项,总分45分。ODI指数为问卷得分占总分(45分) 的百分比,0%为正常,数值越高则表示受试者的功能障碍程度越严重, 100%为最严重。
实验结果:
表1两组临床疗效比较(n=40/组)
*p<0.05,vs对照组
表2两组疼痛评分及功能障碍指数比较(n=40/x±s)
*p<0.05,vs治疗前;*p<0.05,vs对照组
从表1和表2可知,本发明制备得到的外用药与电脑中频药物导入治疗仪可显著提高对产后腰骶痛的治疗效果。
最后应说明的是:以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,但本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。
Claims (11)
1.一种治疗产后腰骶痛的外用药,其特征在于,以重量份计,由以下组份制成:
蒲黄6~14份、五灵脂5~13份、肉桂3~7份、丁香1~5份、当归8~16份、川芎6~14份、海风藤8~16份以及木瓜5~13份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的治疗产后腰骶痛的外用药,其特征在于,以重量份计,由以下组份制成:
蒲黄8~12份、五灵脂7~11份、肉桂4~6份、丁香2~4份、当归10~14份、川芎8~12份、海风藤10~14份以及木瓜7~11份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的治疗产后腰骶痛的外用药,其特征在于,以重量份计,由以下组份制成:
蒲黄10份、五灵脂9份、肉桂5份、丁香3份、当归12份、川芎10份、海风藤12份以及木瓜9份。
4.根据权利要求1~3任一项所述的治疗产后腰骶痛的外用药,其特征在于,所述外用药进一步包括辅料或赋形剂。
5.根据权利要求1~3任一项所述的治疗产后腰骶痛的外用药,其特征在于,所述外用药的剂型包括散剂、膏剂、丹剂、酒剂、锭剂、水剂、气雾剂、巴布剂。
6.制备权利要求1~5任一项所述的外用药的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:将各原料粉碎,混合在一起。
7.制备权利要求1~5任一项所述的外用药的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(a)将各原料用水煎煮或冲泡,得到煎液,或用乙醇水溶液提取,得到提取液;
(b)用所述煎液或所述提取液制备所需剂型。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,所述冲泡的温度为80℃~90℃,冲泡时间为20min~40min。
9.一种治疗产后腰骶痛的组合产品,其特征在于,包括电脑中频药物导入治疗仪以及权利要求1~5任一项所述的外用药。
10.根据权利要求9所述的组合产品,其特征在于,所述外用药为液体剂型,所述组合产品还包括用以吸附液体剂型的材料。
11.根据权利要求10所述的组合产品,其特征在于,所述吸附液体剂型的材料为外科纱布敷料。
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少腹逐瘀软膏贴配合中药治疗血瘀型慢性盆腔炎的临床研究;韩娇;《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 医药卫生科技辑》;20131231;第E056-381页,尤其是摘要第I页第1段、正文第9页倒数第3行、第13页倒数第2段 * |
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