CN108303570A - The caliberating device and method in a kind of doppler current meter sound scattering region - Google Patents
The caliberating device and method in a kind of doppler current meter sound scattering region Download PDFInfo
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- CN108303570A CN108303570A CN201810017013.8A CN201810017013A CN108303570A CN 108303570 A CN108303570 A CN 108303570A CN 201810017013 A CN201810017013 A CN 201810017013A CN 108303570 A CN108303570 A CN 108303570A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P21/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus or devices covered by the preceding groups
- G01P21/02—Testing or calibrating of apparatus or devices covered by the preceding groups of speedometers
- G01P21/025—Testing or calibrating of apparatus or devices covered by the preceding groups of speedometers for measuring speed of fluids; for measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the caliberating devices and method in a kind of doppler current meter sound scattering region, including on-gauge plate (3), upper damper (4), lower damper (5), head rod (61), the second connecting rod (62), mobile mechanism；On-gauge plate (3) is connected with each other by pipe, and pipe one end is provided with long circular cone (34), the other end is provided with short circular cone (31)；Mobile mechanism includes the first guide rail (71), first straight line stepper motor (72), rotating stepper motor (73), turntable (74), second straight line stepper motor (75), the second guide rail (76)；Head rod (61) is straight-bar, second connecting rod (62) includes upper vertical bar (621), horizon bar (622) and lower vertical bar (623), and the axis and rotating stepper motor (73) shaft axis of lower vertical bar (623) are on the same line.The present invention is capable of effective acoustic scattering sites of accurate calibration doppler current meter.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of caliberating device and methods, the especially a kind of calibration in doppler current meter sound scattering region
Device and method belongs to acoustic metrology field.
Background technology
Doppler current meter is the Doppler effect that is generated in moving medium using sound wave to realize what flow velocity measured.It passes
The doppler current meter of system emits sound wave using an energy converter of front end, and sound wave is by moving mediums such as flow, little particle, bubbles
Scattering, scattered sound waves are received by another energy converter, according to the Doppler shift that moving object generates, calculate the stream of water outlet
Speed.The rate accuracy of previous calibration current meter mostly carries out in outfield waters, with Chinese Sea professional standard HY/T102-2007 (sound
Learn Doppler's flow velocity section plotter detection method) be used as directive document, flow rate detection specified in the standard have GPS detection methods and
Same type current measuring instrument comparison method.
Since the error of field trial is larger, carries out utilize circulating water chennel to form stationary flow in the lab in recent years,
Calibration flow rate of water flow is gone using PIV (particle image velocimeter) or LDV (Laser Doppler Velocimeter) technology, forms a mark
Accurate flow field, to complete the calibration of doppler current meter, the advantages of this method, is that precision is high.0.01m/s~3m/s's
In flow rates, the uncertainty of calibration is reachable：0.1% (flow speed value)+2mm/s (see state key research and development plan --- ocean acoustic
The crucial measurement criteria of detection and tracing technology research, approval number：2016YFF0200900), this uncertainty is significantly larger than more
The general rate accuracy for strangling current meter itself, such as：The flow measurement accuracy of LSH10-1A hand-held ultrasound doppler velocimeters is 1%
(flow speed value)+1cm/s.So going the essence that tests the speed of accurate calibration doppler current meter using circulating water chennel and laser velocimeter system
Degree is feasible.
But there is a problem of the maximum effective workspace for being how to determine doppler current meter in a calibration process
The range that domain --- acoustical Doppler effect generates, the i.e. region of volume reverberation.
Normal practice is to go to calculate effective sound using the beam angle and the velocity of sound of transmitting transducer and reception energy converter
Scattering region is learned, this is a kind of theoretic computational methods, and the main lobe of each energy converter not necessarily passes through its center of circle
It is overlapped with normal, although having done Precision Machining in technique, it is also difficult to which guarantee is installed on the range of two acoustic beams intersection after pedestal.
The method of another common testing transducer intersecting ranges is acoustic streaming imaging method, i.e., in the front of two energy converters
It within the distance of confluence, places one and draws the tablet for having grid, tablet is in certain hypsokinesis angle, onboard sticks the grains of sand, will
Two energy converters apply identical electrical power simultaneously, occur driving the husky hole of the circle opened by a fluid stream after the several seconds, on inclined plate, using changing
The transmitting-receiving reciprocity property of energy device realizes the calibration of confluence.But when using doppler current meter, an energy converter hair is needed
Sound wave is penetrated, an energy converter receives sound wave, and energy converter will produce nonlinear effect when powering up work, no longer meets receive at this time
Reciprocity property is sent out, therefore, there are some problems for the intersectional region of acoustic streaming imaging method calibration energy converter.
In addition, there is effective acoustic scattering area that the method using a pin type hydrophone removes calibration doppler current meter
Domain, the method are limited to the sensitivity of hydrophone, when completing calibration using the hydrophone of higher sensitivity, can make effective sound
It is bigger than normal to learn scattering region；When completing calibration using the hydrophone compared with muting sensitivity, effective acoustic scattering sites can be made less than normal；
Moreover, hydrophone has certain volume and size, when partial structurtes feel the fluctuation pressure of sound wave, electric signal is also had
Output, this is also one of calibration the reason of there are errors in region.
In conclusion there are some defects for the method for various calibration doppler current meter acoustic scattering sites.How to demarcate
Effective acoustic scattering sites of doppler current meter just become the matter of utmost importance of metering doppler current meter rate accuracy.
Invention content
For the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide one kind being capable of accurate calibration Doppler's ocean current
The caliberating device and method of effective acoustic scattering sites of meter.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the caliberating device in the doppler current meter sound scattering region of the present invention, including mark
Quasi- plate 3, upper damper 4, lower damper 5, head rod 61, the second connecting rod 62, mobile mechanism；The on-gauge plate 3 is by interior
The hollow and closed at both ends pipe in portion is connected with each other, and the pipe is provided with long circular cone close to 2 one end of doppler current meter
34, doppler current meter one end is provided with short circular cone 31；The mobile mechanism includes the first guide rail 71, first straight line stepping
Motor 72, rotating stepper motor 73, turntable 74, second straight line stepper motor 75, the second guide rail 76；Head rod 61 is straight
Bar, the second connecting rod 62 include upper vertical bar 621, horizon bar 622 and lower vertical bar 623, the axis of lower vertical bar 623 and rotation
73 shaft axis of stepper motor is on the same line；3 upper and lower ends of the on-gauge plate pass through the first thin stud 32 and second respectively
Thin stud 33 is fixedly connected with damper 4 and lower damper 5, and the upper damper 4 is connected by head rod 61 and second
Extension bar 62 is fixedly connected with 76 both ends of the second guide rail；First guide rail 71 is fixed along the water (flow) direction of vertical circulation water trough work section 1
Across on circulating water chennel active section 1, first straight line stepper motor 72 is on the first guide rail 71 and straight along the first guide rail 71
Line moves；Rotating stepper motor 73 is fixedly connected on the first stepper motor 72；The shaft of turntable 74 and rotating stepper motor 73
It is fixedly connected；Second straight line stepper motor 75 is mounted on turntable 74 and is fixedly connected with the second guide rail 76 and drives the second guide rail
76 movements.
The present invention doppler current meter sound scattering region caliberating device, further include：
1. the vertical section that the length of pipe is equal in the acoustic wave beam intersection volume range of 2 front end of doppler current meter is maximum
Length, the width and equal length of the on-gauge plate 3, it is described intersect volume range according to the frequency of use of doppler current meter 2,
Transmitting and the angle and beam angle that receive between energy converter determine.
2. pipe is made of titanium alloy.
4 shape of damper and lower 5 shape of damper are adaptable including real with the round tube shape of composition on-gauge plate 3 on 3.
Heart cylinder, short circular cone 31 and long circular cone 34, the upper damper 4 and lower damper 5 are lead matter.
4. 31 structure of short circular cone and 34 structure of long circular cone are solid, the ratio between busbar and outer diameter of 31 structure of short circular cone are 2:1,
The ratio between busbar and outer diameter of 34 structure of long circular cone are 6:1.
5. head rod 61 and the second connecting rod 62 are cylinder, the table of head rod 61 and the second connecting rod 62
There is sharp broached-tooth design in face.
The scaling method of the caliberating device in the doppler current meter sound scattering region based on the present invention, including following step
Suddenly：
The first step：Doppler current meter 2 is placed in the active section 1 of circulating water chennel, calibration speed V, calibration speed are chosen
V is spent to meet：V=100v, wherein v is doppler current meter minimum rate accuracy；
Second step according to the frequency of use of doppler current meter 2, transmitting and receives the angle and wave beam between energy converter
The volume range that the acoustic wave beam of 2 front end of doppler current meter intersects, the length etc. of pipe in on-gauge plate 3 is calculated in width
In intersecting the vertical section maximum length in volume range, the width and equal length of on-gauge plate 3；
Third walks：On-gauge plate 3 is placed on to the front end of doppler current meter 2, the pipe axis direction and water (flow) direction
Unanimously；
4th step：It controls first straight line stepper motor 72 to move, enables on-gauge plate 3 slowly be moved along the first guide rail 71, when more
In ± v ranges, first straight line stepper motor 72 is stopped for the general output for strangling current meter 2；Control second straight line stepper motor
75 movements, enable on-gauge plate 3 slowly be moved along adverse current field direction, and when the output of doppler current meter 2 is more than v for the first time, second is straight
Line movement stepper motor 75 is stopped, and records position coordinates L of the on-gauge plate 3 close to 2 one end of doppler current meter at this time1；
5th step：With the centre normal direction and position of the transmitting transducer 21 of doppler current meter 2 and reception energy converter 22
Set coordinate L1Line is carried out, using sine, the transmitting of doppler current meter 2 is calculated and receives the section folder of wave beam front end
Angle α1+α2；
6th step：In the coordinate position of the 4th step calibration, control rotating stepper motor 73 moves, and enables on-gauge plate 3 along same
A circumferencial direction slowly rotates, and observes the output of doppler current meter 2, and when output is V for the first time, rotating stepper motor 73 stops
Movement, the angle beta that record standard plate 3 rotates1；On-gauge plate 3 is rotated back into centre normal position, control rotating stepper motor 73 is transported
It is dynamic, it enables on-gauge plate 3 slowly be rotated along opposite circumferencial direction, observes the output of doppler current meter 2, when output is V for the first time,
73 stop motion of rotating stepper motor, the record angle that on-gauge plate 3 is rotated relative to centre normal direction described in the 5th step at this time
Spend β2, obtain the section angle β of doppler current meter 2 transmitting and received wave Beam End end1+β2；
7th step：It controls rotating stepper motor 73 to move, on-gauge plate 3 is enabled to rotate back to centre normal position, control second is straight
Line stepper motor 75 moves, and on-gauge plate 3 is enabled slowly to be moved along adverse current field direction in active section, as doppler current meter head
When secondary output is V, position coordinates L of the record standard plate 3 close to 2 one end of doppler current meter2；
8th step：It obtains by launching beam and receives acoustic scattering sites formed by beam intersection, the length in the region
For L2- L1, the region is two class conical configurations, wherein：
The basal diameter of circular cone meets：
(L2-L1)×sinβ1sinα1/(sinβ1+sinα1)+(L2-L1)×sinβ2sinα2/(sinβ2+sinα2),
Height close to the circular cone of doppler current meter 2 meets：
(L2-L1)×sinβ1cosα1/(sinβ1+sinα1), and (L2-L1)×sinβ1cosα1/(sinβ1+sinα1)=
(L2-L1)×sinβ2 cosα2/(sinβ2+sinα2),
The height of circular cone far from Doppler flowmeter 2 meets：
(L2-L1)×cosβ1sinα1/(sinβ1+sinα1), and (L2-L1)×cosβ1sinα1/(sinβ1+sinα1)=
(L2-L1)×cosβ2 sinα2/(sinβ2+sinα2)；
9th step：The 2 sound scattering region of doppler current meter that 8th step is determined carries out mesh generation, discrete, use
Ultra LDV measure the flow velocity of discrete point, will measure flow speed value and carry out side's processing, obtain the normal stream of doppler current meter 2
Speed completes the measurement and calibration of 2 rate accuracy of doppler current meter.
Advantageous effect of the present invention：
1. the calibration in doppler current meter sound scattering region is from the aspect of experiment is measured, the result is than current
The result of theoretical calculation is more credible；Doppler current meter transmitting transducer during the test and the reception normal work of energy converter
Make, the precision higher of the acoustic streaming imaging method of this Billy energy converter reciprocity property；Secondly, inside on-gauge plate it is air, " water-gold
Category-air-metal-water " is good sound insulating structure, and the beam of sound that transmitting transducer emits can be prevented to enter reception transducing
Among device；
It is the air backing in acoustics, by the calculation formula of complex reflection coefficient 2. the inside of on-gauge plate is hollow：
In above formula, ρtFor the density of titanium alloy, ctFor the velocity of sound of titanium alloy, ktFor the wave number of titanium tube, d is titanium tube thickness, ρw
For the density of water, cwFor the velocity of sound of water, j is imaginary factor.It is close that the reflectance factor that thickness is 1mm titanium tubes can be acquired by formula (1)
It is seemingly 1.Therefore, on-gauge plate can transmitting transducer emits in reflection doppler current meter well sound wave.On-gauge plate is by pipe
It arranges, can inhibit the bending wave generated under acoustically-driven；In addition the wave length of sound in pipe is about 2cm, thick much larger than it
Degree, not will produce surface acoustic wave on the surface of on-gauge plate.
3. the short pyramid type of standard prelaminar part constructs sawtooth like, stagnation pressure, the connection of pipe and pipe can be reduced
Place can form small " runner ", and the flowing of front is broken into small vortex by both structures so that small vortex is flowed along " runner "
It is dynamic, it can inhibit to flow the separation in standard plate surface well, even if during mobile mechanism's rotation on-gauge plate so that mark
When pipe in quasi- plate is angled with incoming, vacuole or cavitation phenomenon will not be formed.
4. using the flow velocity of circulating water chennel active section for 100 times of doppler current meter measurement accuracy, such benefit is
Signal-to-noise ratio is high, therefore, when doppler current meter output is the flow speed value near rate accuracy, it is believed that receive energy converter and do not have
There is the volume reverberation signal for receiving sound scattering region, improves the reliability of test result, and flow velocity is much larger than by more
It is general that strangle the acoustic streaming flow velocity that current meter transmitting transducer is generated because applying voltage (non-because of medium when energy converter power-up work
Linear effect and so that the normal direction of flow from energy converter radiating surface moves to form jet stream, also referred to as acoustic streaming), therefore, using survey
100 times of flow velocitys of fast precision, can ignore the acoustic streaming that transmitting transducer is generated because applying voltage influences；
5. the flow speed value of scaling method agreement is 100 times of doppler current meter rate accuracy (for example, rate accuracy is
1cm/s, then flow speed value is 1m/s), but this flow velocity still falls within small flow rates, and the boundary layer thickness of standard plate surface is very thin, by
The layering variation of circulating water chennel active section flow field speed caused by this boundary layer can be ignored, this allows to utilize on-gauge plate
As zero flow rate bench in doppler current meter calibration process；
6. since the input electric power of doppler current meter is only several watts of magnitudes, the intensity of acoustic wave generated under water is limited,
Thus cause the sound-inducing vibration effect of on-gauge plate that can ignore；Using upper damper and lower damper to doppler current meter transducing
On-gauge plate dither effect caused by device transmitting beam of sound is inhibited, and ensures that on-gauge plate is blocked sound wave is emitted as much as possible
Afterwards, the reception acoustical signal in doppler current meter is zero；
7. the sound scattering region by the doppler current meter to being demarcated carries out mesh generation, using LDV or PIV skills
Art demarcates the flow velocity in the region, so that it may to be completed to doppler current meter rate accuracy in the circulating water chennel in laboratory
Gage work, this is more much higher than the precision for surveying method than conventional GPS calibration and other flow devices, and engineering feasibility is more
By force.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of entire block diagram of the caliberating device in doppler current meter sound scattering region；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of on-gauge plate two dimensional motion and rotary motion；
Fig. 3 is on-gauge plate length computation schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that doppler current meter sound scattering region calculates；
Fig. 5 is a kind of scaling method flow chart in doppler current meter sound scattering region；
Specific implementation mode
1-5 below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the caliberating device to a kind of doppler current meter sound scattering region of the present invention and side
Method is described further.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2,1 it is the active section of circulating water chennel, 2 be doppler current meter, 21 is transmitting transducer, 22
For receive energy converter, 3 be on-gauge plate, 31 be short circular cone, 32 be the first thin stud, 33 be the second thin stud, 34 be long circular cone, 4
It is lower damper for upper damper, 5,61 is head rod, 62 is the second connecting rod, 621 is upper vertical bar, 622 is level
Bar, 623 be lower vertical bar, 71 for the first guide rail, 72 be first straight line stepper motor, 73 be rotating stepper motor, 74 be turntable,
75 it is second straight line stepper motor, 76 is the second guide rail, arrow represents water (flow) direction in the active section of circulating water chennel.
The caliberating device and method in a kind of doppler current meter sound scattering region, including it is the active section 1 of circulating water chennel, more
General Le current meter 2, on-gauge plate 3, upper damper 4, lower damper 5, head rod 61, the second connecting rod 62, mobile mechanism；
The active section 1 of circulating water chennel is made of organic glass, a length of 1.6m, width 0.4m, a height of 0.4m, in motor and spiral shell
It revolves under the driving of paddle, it can be achieved that the uniform fluid flow that flow rates are 0.3m/s~3m/s flows, in the active section 1 of circulating water chennel
Ultra LDV (super Laser Doppler Velocimeter) are installed in side, can accurately be measured to the flow rate of water flow in sink；
Doppler current meter 2 is LSH10-1A hand-held ultrasound doppler velocimeters, and test the speed range：0.02~7.00m/s,
Accuracy：1.0% ± 1cm/s, in use, flow velocity exports in hydrostatic：± 1cm/s, at this time it is believed that not flowing；
The main body of on-gauge plate 3 is the pipe made of titanium alloy, and inner hollow is closed at both ends, the front end of pipe and tail end
Solid short circular cone 31 and long circular cone 34 are installed respectively, the ratio between busbar and outer diameter of short circular cone 31 are 2:1, the busbar of long circular cone 34
It is 6 with the ratio between outer diameter:1, on-gauge plate 3 can be fixed on to 4 He of upper damper using the first thin stud 32 and the second thin stud 33
Between lower damper 5；
For upper damper 4 as 3 shape of on-gauge plate, material is lead matter, utilizes the first thin stud 32 and the second thin stud 33
Upper damper 4 and on-gauge plate 3 are fixed together, by head rod 61 and the second connecting rod 62, by upper damper 4 and shifting
Motivation structure connects；
For lower damper 5 as 3 shape of on-gauge plate, material is lead matter, utilizes the first thin stud 32 and the second thin stud 33
Lower damper 5 and on-gauge plate 3 are fixed together；
Head rod 61 and the second connecting rod 62 are cylinder, and both ends, which are attacked, sets screw thread, to fix upper damper 4,
There is sharp broached-tooth design on the surface of head rod 61 and the second connecting rod 62, to cut down Karman vortex street caused by first connection
The flutter effect of bar 61 and the second connecting rod 62；
Mobile mechanism is by first guide rail 71 in perpendicular flow direction, the first straight line stepper motor 72 of linear motion, rotation
The dynamic rotating stepper motor 73 of transhipment, turntable 74, the second straight line stepper motor 75 of linear motion, PARALLEL FLOW direction second
Guide rail 76 forms；Wherein, first guide rail 71 in perpendicular flow direction is placed on the both sides of the active section 1 of circulating water chennel, straight line fortune
Dynamic first straight line stepper motor 72 can drive the rotating stepper motor 73 of rotary motion, turntable 74, linear motion it is second straight
Line stepper motor 75 is moved with the second guide rail 76 of parallel flow direction along the direction of perpendicular flow；The rotation of rotary motion
Stepper motor 73 can drive the second straight line stepper motor 75 of turntable 74, linear motion to be carried out with the guide rail 76 of parallel flow direction
Rotary motion；Turntable 74 be mounted on rotary motion rotating stepper motor 73 and linear motion second straight line stepper motor 75 it
Between；The second straight line stepper motor 75 of linear motion is mounted on turntable 74, can drive second guide rail in PARALLEL FLOW direction
76 are moved along the direction of PARALLEL FLOW；
As shown in figure 5, the caliberating device and method in a kind of doppler current meter sound scattering region, further include calibration side
Method, steps are as follows：
Doppler current meter is placed in the active section of circulating water chennel by the first step, with reference to the use of doppler current meter
Required precision as defined in specification, chooses its 100 times flow field velocity as calibration speed, doppler current meter in the present embodiment
2 minimum rate accuracy is 1cm/s, therefore the flow velocity of active section is 1m/s in circulating water chennel；
Second step with reference to the frequency of use of doppler current meter 2, transmitting and receives angle, the Yi Jibo between energy converter
Beam width, estimation obtain 2 front end of doppler current meter acoustic wave beam intersect volume range, then in on-gauge plate 3 pipe length
Degree is equal to the vertical section maximum length intersected in volume range, i.e. 2 length of A, B in Fig. 3, the width and length of on-gauge plate 3
It is equal；
Third walks, and on-gauge plate 3 is placed on to the front end of doppler current meter 2, the pipe axis direction in on-gauge plate 3 and stream
It is dynamic parallel, and in the volume range centre position that acoustic wave beam intersects, if the energy converter of doppler current meter 2, electric wire
If the reasonable design of road, the output of doppler current meter 2 at this time should move up and down near minimum rate accuracy, i.e. ± 1cm/s；
4th step, if the output of doppler current meter 2 is more than 1cm/s, on-gauge plate 3 at this time is not on Doppler
2 acoustic wave beam of current meter intersects the centre position of volume range, and mark is slowly adjusted along the direction in vertical flow field using mobile mechanism
Quasi- plate, when the output of doppler current meter 2 is in ± 1cm/s ranges, the position of on-gauge plate 3 is doppler current meter 2 at this time
The centre position that acoustics wave beam intersects；On-gauge plate 3 is set slowly to be moved along the direction of adverse current field using mobile mechanism, when Doppler sea
When the output of flowmeter 2 is more than 1cm/s for the first time, position coordinates L at this time is recorded1；
5th step, with the transmitting transducer 21 of doppler current meter 2 and receive energy converter 22 centre normal direction and this
When position coordinates L1Line is carried out, using sine, the transmitting of doppler current meter 2 is calculated and receives wave beam front end
Section angle is α1+α2；
6th step, according to the coordinate position that the 4th step is demarcated, using the junction of 3 pipe of on-gauge plate and short circular cone 31 as axis
The heart slowly rotates on-gauge plate 3 along the same circumferencial direction using mobile mechanism, observes the output of doppler current meter 2, work as maximum
When output is 1m/s, the angle beta of the rotation of record standard plate 31；On-gauge plate 3 is returned into original position, using mobile mechanism along opposite circumference
Direction slowly rotates on-gauge plate 3, observes the output of doppler current meter 2, when maximum output is 1m/s, records on-gauge plate at this time
The angle beta of 3 rotations2, then the section angle at the transmitting of doppler current meter 2 and received wave Beam End end is β1+β2；
On-gauge plate 3 is returned original position by the 7th step, drives on-gauge plate 3 slowly along adverse current field in active section using mobile mechanism
Direction is moved, and observes the output of doppler current meter 2, when doppler current meter maximum output is 1m/s, record position
Coordinate L2；
8th step, the length that doppler current meter sound scattering region can be obtained are L2-L1, simultaneous equations, solution equation
Group, acoustic scattering sites are two class tepee structures formed by launching beam and reception beam intersection,
The basal diameter of circular cone：(L2-L1)×sinβ1sinα1/(sinβ1+sinα1)+(L2-L1)×sinβ2sinα2/
(sinβ2+sinα2),
The height of front circular cone：(L2-L1)×sinβ1cosα1/(sinβ1+sinα1), and (L2-L1)×sinβ1cosα1/
(sinβ1 +sinα1)=(L2-L1)×sinβ2cosα2/(sinβ2+sinα2),
The height of rear portion circular cone：(L2-L1)×cosβ1sinα1/(sinβ1+sinα1), and (L2-L1)×cosβ1sinα1/
(sinβ1 +sinα1)=(L2-L1)×cosβ2sinα2/(sinβ2+sinα2)；
9th step, the 2 sound scattering region of doppler current meter that the 8th step is determined carry out grid according to certain length
It divides, is discrete, the flow velocity of discrete point is measured using Ultra LDV, these flow speed values, which are carried out side, to be handled, as Doppler sea
The standard flow rate of flowmeter 2, and then complete the measurement and calibration of 2 rate accuracy of doppler current meter.
It is worth noting that：Hair of the squint for the doppler current meter front end demarcated in the present invention than transmitting transducer
It is 1~2 ° big to penetrate squint, (for example, the launching beam of doppler current meter and reception squint are 2~4 °), due to the angle
Very little is spent, such as 1 ° of corresponding radian value is only 0.017 radian, and therefore, thus the covering of the fan area corresponding to angle is with regard to smaller,
It can ignore in test process.
The caliberating device and method in a kind of doppler current meter sound scattering region, including on-gauge plate, upper damper, under subtract
Shake device, connecting rod, mobile mechanism, damper is installed in the upper end of on-gauge plate, and upper damper is mounted on the lower end of connecting rod, under subtract
The device that shakes is mounted on the lower end of on-gauge plate, and the upper end of connecting rod connects mobile mechanism, and mobile mechanism has the function of two-dimensional scan and rotation
Rotating function；
On-gauge plate is arranged by pipe, and the front of each pipe connects short circular cone, and tail portion connects long circular cone, and material is titanium
Alloy；
The configuration of upper damper is similar with on-gauge plate, and inside is solid construction, and material is lead matter；
The configuration of lower damper is similar with on-gauge plate, and inside is solid construction, and material is lead matter；
Upper damper, on-gauge plate and lower damper are tightened together with thin stud；
A kind of caliberating device in doppler current meter sound scattering region, further includes scaling method, has steps of：
Doppler current meter is placed in the active section of circulating water chennel by the first step, is used and is said with reference to doppler current meter
Rate accuracy as defined in bright book chooses its 100 times flow field velocity as calibration speed, for example, the minimum of doppler current meter
Rate accuracy is 1cm/s, then the active section flow velocity of circulating water chennel is 1m/s；
Second step with reference to the frequency of use of doppler current meter, transmitting and receives the angle and transducing between energy converter
The beam angle of device work, is calculated the volume range of acoustic wave beam intersection, the length of pipe in on-gauge plate is determined with this, is marked
The length of pipe is equal to the maximum length for intersecting volume range vertical section, the width and equal length of on-gauge plate in quasi- plate；
Third walks, and on-gauge plate is placed on to the front end of doppler current meter, the pipe axis of on-gauge plate and the direction of flowing
It is parallel, and it is in the centre position that acoustic wave beam intersects to form volume range, if the energy converter of doppler current meter, electronic circuit
If reasonable design, the output of doppler current meter at this time should move up and down near minimum rate accuracy, i.e. ± 1cm/s；
4th step, if the output of doppler current meter is more than 1cm/s, on-gauge plate at this time is not on Doppler sea
Flowmeter acoustic wave beam intersects the centre position of volume range, using mobile mechanism along the slow adjustment criteria in the direction of vertical flow
Plate, when the output of doppler current meter is in ± 1cm/s ranges, the position of on-gauge plate is doppler current meter acoustic wave at this time
Beam intersects to form the centre position of volume range；Using mobile mechanism along the slow adjustment criteria plate in direction of adverse current field, when how general
When the output of Le current meter is more than 1cm/s for the first time, position coordinates L at this time is recorded1；
5th step, with the centre normal direction of the transmitting transducer of doppler current meter and reception energy converter and position at this time
Set coordinate L1Line is carried out, using sine, doppler current meter transmitting is calculated and receives the section folder of wave beam front end
Angle is α1+α2；
6th step, using the junction of the pipe of on-gauge plate and short circular cone as axle center, using mobile mechanism slowly towards a side
To rotation on-gauge plate, the output of doppler current meter is observed, when exporting 1m/s for the first time, the angle beta of record standard plate rotation1；
On-gauge plate is slowly rotated in the opposite direction using mobile mechanism, observes the output of doppler current meter, when exporting 1m/s for the first time
When, the angle beta of record on-gauge plate rotation at this time2, then the section angle at doppler current meter transmitting and received wave Beam End end is β1+
β2；
On-gauge plate is returned original position by the 7th step, drives on-gauge plate slowly along adverse current field side in active section using mobile mechanism
To being moved, and the output of doppler current meter is observed, when doppler current meter exports 1m/s, record position coordinate for the first time
L2；
The length of 8th step, doppler current meter acoustic scattering sites is L2-L1, simultaneous equations solve equation group, by sending out
Acoustic scattering sites are two class conical structures formed by ejected wave beam and reception beam intersection；
The basal diameter of circular cone：(L2-L1)×sinβ1sinα1/(sinβ1+sinα1)+(L2-L1)×sinβ2sinα2/
(sinβ2 +sinα2),
The height of front circular cone：(L2-L1)×sinβ1cosα1/(sinβ1+sinα1), and (L2-L1)×sinβ1cosα1/
(sinβ1 +sinα1)=(L2-L1)×sinβ2cosα2/(sinβ2+sinα2),
The height of rear portion circular cone：(L2-L1)×cosβ1sinα1/(sinβ1+sinα1), and (L2-L1)×cosβ1sinα1/
(sinβ1+sinα1)=(L2-L1)×cosβ2sinα2/(sinβ2+sinα2)。
Claims (7)
1. a kind of caliberating device in doppler current meter sound scattering region, it is characterised in that：Including on-gauge plate (3), upper vibration damping
Device (4), lower damper (5), head rod (61), the second connecting rod (62), mobile mechanism；The on-gauge plate (3) is by inside
Hollow and closed at both ends pipe is connected with each other, and the pipe is provided with long circular cone close to doppler current meter (2) one end
(34), doppler current meter one end is provided with short circular cone (31)；The mobile mechanism includes the first guide rail (71), first straight
Line stepper motor (72), rotating stepper motor (73), turntable (74), second straight line stepper motor (75), the second guide rail (76)；The
One connecting rod (61) is straight-bar, and the second connecting rod (62) includes upper vertical bar (621), horizon bar (622) and lower vertical bar
(623), the axis of lower vertical bar (623) and rotating stepper motor (73) shaft axis be on the same line；The on-gauge plate (3)
Upper and lower ends are fixedly connected with upper damper (4) and lower damper by the first thin stud (32) and the second thin stud (33) respectively
(5), the upper damper (4) is fixed with the second guide rail (76) both ends by head rod (61) and the second connecting rod (62) and is connected
It connects；First guide rail (71) is fixed along the water (flow) direction of vertical circulation water trough work section (1) across in circulating water chennel active section (1)
On, first straight line stepper motor (72) is mounted on the first guide rail (71) and moves along a straight line along the first guide rail (71)；Rotate stepping
Motor (73) is fixedly connected on the first stepper motor (72)；The shaft of turntable (74) and rotating stepper motor (73), which is fixed, to be connected
It connects；Second straight line stepper motor (75) is mounted on turntable (74) and is fixedly connected with the second guide rail (76) and drives the second guide rail
(76) it moves.
2. the caliberating device in a kind of doppler current meter sound scattering region according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
The length of pipe is equal to the vertical section maximum length in the acoustic wave beam intersection volume range of doppler current meter (2) front end, institute
State the width and equal length of on-gauge plate (3), the frequency of use for intersecting volume range according to doppler current meter (2), hair
Angle and beam angle between energy converter is penetrated and receives to determine.
3. the caliberating device in a kind of doppler current meter sound scattering region according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Pipe is made of titanium alloy.
4. the caliberating device in a kind of doppler current meter sound scattering region according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Upper damper (4) shape and lower damper (5) shape are adapted with the round tube shape for constituting on-gauge plate (3) including filled circles
Column, short circular cone (31) and long circular cone (34), the upper damper (4) and lower damper (5) are lead matter.
5. the caliberating device in a kind of doppler current meter sound scattering region according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Short circular cone (31) structure and long circular cone (34) structure are solid, and the ratio between busbar and outer diameter of short circular cone (31) structure are 2:1, it is oval
The ratio between busbar and the outer diameter for boring (34) structure are 6:1.
6. the caliberating device in a kind of doppler current meter sound scattering region according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Head rod (61) and the second connecting rod (62) are cylinder, the surface of head rod (61) and the second connecting rod (62)
There is sharp broached-tooth design.
7. the calibration side of the caliberating device based on a kind of any doppler current meter sound scattering region of claim 1 to 6
Method, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
The first step：Doppler current meter (2) is placed in the active section (1) of circulating water chennel, chooses calibration speed V, calibration speed
V is spent to meet：V=100v, wherein v is doppler current meter minimum rate accuracy；
Second step, according to doppler current meter (2) frequency of use, transmitting and receive energy converter between angle and wave beam it is wide
The volume range that the acoustic wave beam of doppler current meter (2) front end intersects, the length of pipe in on-gauge plate (3) is calculated in degree
Equal to the vertical section maximum length intersected in volume range, the width and equal length of on-gauge plate (3)；
Third walks：On-gauge plate (3) is placed on to the front end of doppler current meter (2), the pipe axis direction and water (flow) direction
Unanimously；
4th step：It controls first straight line stepper motor (72) to move, enables on-gauge plate (3) slowly mobile along the first guide rail (71), when
In ± v ranges, first straight line stepper motor (72) is stopped for the output of doppler current meter (2)；Control second straight line step
Stepper motor (75) moves, and enables on-gauge plate (3) slowly be moved along adverse current field direction, when the output of doppler current meter (2) is big for the first time
When v, second straight line movement stepper motor (75) is stopped, record at this time on-gauge plate (3) close to doppler current meter (2) one
The position coordinates L at end1；
5th step：With the transmitting transducer (21) of doppler current meter (2) and receive energy converter (22) centre normal direction with
Position coordinates L1Line is carried out, using sine, doppler current meter (2) transmitting is calculated and receives cuing open for wave beam front end
Face angle α1+α2；
6th step：In the coordinate position of the 4th step calibration, control rotating stepper motor (73) moves, and enables on-gauge plate (3) along same
A circumferencial direction slowly rotates, the output of observation doppler current meter (2), when output is V for the first time, rotating stepper motor (73)
Stop motion, the angle beta of record standard plate (3) rotation1；On-gauge plate (3) is rotated back into centre normal position, control rotation stepping
Motor (73) moves, and on-gauge plate (3) is enabled slowly to be rotated along opposite circumferencial direction, the output of observation doppler current meter (2), when
When output is V for the first time, rotating stepper motor (73) stop motion, record at this time on-gauge plate (3) relative in described in the 5th step
The angle beta of heart normal direction rotation2, obtain the section angle β of doppler current meter (2) transmitting and received wave Beam End end1+β2；
7th step：It controls rotating stepper motor (73) to move, on-gauge plate (3) is enabled to rotate back to centre normal position, control second is straight
Line stepper motor (75) moves, and enables on-gauge plate (3) slowly be moved along adverse current field direction in active section, when Doppler's ocean current
Meter for the first time output be V when, record standard plate (3) close to doppler current meter (2) one end position coordinates L2；
8th step：It obtains by launching beam and receives acoustic scattering sites formed by beam intersection, the length in the region is L2-
L1, the region is two class conical configurations, wherein：
The basal diameter of circular cone meets：
(L2-L1)×sinβ1sinα1/(sinβ1+sinα1)+(L2-L1)×sinβ2sinα2/(sinβ2+sinα2),
Height close to the circular cone of doppler current meter (2) meets：
(L2-L1)×sinβ1cosα1/(sinβ1+sinα1), and (L2-L1)×sinβ1cosα1/(sinβ1+sinα1)=(L2-L1)
×sinβ2cosα2/(sinβ2+sinα2),
The height of circular cone far from Doppler flowmeter (2) meets：
(L2-L1)×cosβ1sinα1/(sinβ1+sinα1), and (L2-L1)×cosβ1sinα1/(sinβ1+sinα1)=(L2-L1)
×cosβ2sinα2/(sinβ2+sinα2)；
9th step：Doppler current meter (2) sound scattering region that 8th step is determined carries out mesh generation, discrete, use
Ultra LDV measure the flow velocity of discrete point, will measure flow speed value and carry out side's processing, obtain the standard of doppler current meter (2)
Flow velocity completes the measurement and calibration of 2 rate accuracy of doppler current meter.
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| CN110702941A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-01-17 | 天津大学 | Measuring device and method for sensing characteristics of flow velocity sensor |
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| CN111650403A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2020-09-11 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Novel Doppler current profiler calibration device and calibration method thereof |
| CN112485466A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-03-12 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Calibration system and method of three-dimensional pulsating flow velocity measuring device |
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