CN112485466A - Calibration system and method of three-dimensional pulsating flow velocity measuring device - Google Patents
Calibration system and method of three-dimensional pulsating flow velocity measuring device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a calibration system and a calibration method of a three-dimensional pulsating flow velocity measuring device, wherein the system comprises a glass water tank system, an installation and fixation system and a three-dimensional PIV system; the glass water tank system comprises a glass water tank, a water tank inlet section communicated with the front end of the glass water tank, a water tank outlet section communicated with the rear end of the glass water tank, a water inlet pipeline communicated with the water tank inlet section, a supporting system arranged at the bottom of the glass water tank and a water tank slope regulating device in linkage with the supporting system in a matching way; an upstream water tank is arranged near the water tank inlet section, a downstream water tank communicated with the water tank outlet section is arranged near the water tank outlet section, the upstream water tank is communicated with the downstream water tank through a water return pipeline, the upstream water tank is communicated with one end of a water inlet pipeline, and a water pump is arranged on the water inlet pipeline; the outlet section of the water tank is provided with a tail gate. The invention takes the flowing water method as a basic method, adopts a high-precision PIV system as a comparison measurement method to synchronously measure the same area, and avoids the influence caused by unstable and uneven flow velocity of water flow.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of instrument and equipment checking, in particular to a calibration system and method of a three-dimensional pulsating flow velocity measuring device.
Background
The water flow rate is the most basic parameter in water conservancy research, so it is important to accurately measure the water flow rate. The water flow velocity measuring instrument comprises a pitot tube, a propeller flow velocity meter, a hot wire thermal film flow velocity meter, a laser Doppler flow velocity meter (LDV), a Particle Image Velocimeter (PIV), an ultrasonic Doppler flow velocity meter (ADV) and the like. The LDV has higher measurement precision, the PIV can obtain two-dimensional flow field information in the particle image range, and the precision is relatively higher; LDV and PIV are difficult to measure in the field due to their own structures; the ADV gives consideration to certain convenience and accuracy. Therefore, the acoustic current meter has wide application prospect in the aspects of indoor research and field survey. The acoustic current meter obtains relevant current velocity information through processing by detecting echo signals of scattering particles in the water body to be measured, and the measurement principle is clear. Based on the newly developed ultrasonic flow velocity probe, the adopted sound wave emission material is different from the traditional flow velocity meter, so that the calibration of the novel flow velocity ultrasonic probe is very necessary.
The existing calibration method of the acoustic current meter mainly comprises two main types of static water and dynamic water. The static water method mostly adopts a self-propelled or towed verification vehicle which slides along a track fixed above the water tank, and in order to achieve stable vehicle speed, the length of the water tank is often required to be larger; the method comprises the following steps that a hydrostatic method is adopted to check a current meter, the vehicle speed of a verification vehicle is required to be continuously adjusted to realize different working conditions, and the data acquisition time is limited by the vehicle speed and the length of a water tank; meanwhile, when the static water method is used for checking, only one flow velocity component can be detected in one driving process, and when the three-dimensional flow velocity checking is carried out, the operation is repeated and the workload is increased; the flowing water method mainly generates water flow with a certain flow velocity through a water pump and a water tank, the known water body flow velocity calibration measuring instrument is used, and the problems of uneven flow velocity distribution, instability and the like are often faced when the flowing water method is adopted for checking.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a calibration system and a calibration method of a three-dimensional pulsating flow velocity measuring device.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a calibration system of a three-dimensional pulsating flow velocity measuring device comprises a glass water tank system, an installation and fixation system and a three-dimensional PIV system; the glass water tank system comprises a glass water tank, a water tank inlet section communicated with the front end of the glass water tank, a water tank outlet section communicated with the rear end of the glass water tank, a water inlet pipeline communicated with the water tank inlet section, a supporting system arranged at the bottom of the glass water tank and a water tank slope regulating device in linkage with the supporting system in a matching way; an upstream water tank is arranged near the water tank inlet section, a downstream water tank communicated with the water tank outlet section is arranged near the water tank outlet section, the upstream water tank is communicated with the downstream water tank through a water return pipeline, the upstream water tank is communicated with one end of a water inlet pipeline, and a water pump is arranged on the water inlet pipeline; the water tank outlet section is provided with a tail gate, and different water flow conditions can be realized through the water tank slope regulating device and the tail gate; the mounting and fixing system is used for moving the L-shaped measuring rod provided with the ultrasonic flow velocity probe at different positions in the glass water tank, and the three-dimensional PIV system is used for obtaining a planar three-dimensional flow velocity field in the glass water tank.
Furthermore, an energy dissipation grid is arranged at the inlet section of the water tank, and an electromagnetic flow meter is installed on the water inlet pipeline.
Furthermore, the glass water tank, the water tank inlet section and the water tank outlet section are arranged on a supporting system, and the supporting system is in contact with the ground and plays a role in bearing and supporting.
Further, installation fixing system includes fixed bolster, horizontal measuring rack, mounting platform, measuring rack fixing device, the fixed bolster is fixed on the wall, and the horizontal measuring rack passes through the fixed bolster hoist and mount in glass basin top, and with glass basin system separation, and measuring rack fixing device is fixed in the horizontal measuring rack through mounting platform, measuring rack fixing device includes L type measuring staff and moving mechanism, moving mechanism is used for removing L type measuring staff at vertical direction and horizontal direction.
Furthermore, the moving mechanism comprises a linear sliding table, a T-shaped plate, a linear sliding rail, a fixing clamp, a linear sliding rail sliding block and a linear sliding table sliding block, the linear sliding table is fixed on the mounting platform, and the linear sliding rail is connected with the linear sliding table through the T-shaped plate to form a device capable of being adjusted in the horizontal and vertical directions; the horizontal part of the T-shaped plate is vertically arranged, the linear slide rail is fixed on the upper surface of the horizontal part of the T-shaped plate, and the T-shaped plate is fixed on the linear sliding table; the vertical part of the T-shaped plate is connected with a linear sliding table sliding block on the linear sliding table to form a whole, a rotating wheel of the rotating linear sliding table drives a screw rod to rotate, and the rotation of the screw rod drives the linear sliding table sliding block to move, so that the displacement in the width direction of the water tank is realized; the fixed clamp is fixed on a linear slide rail slide block of the linear slide rail, the L-shaped measuring rod is clamped and fixed by the linear slide rail slide block, and the ultrasonic flow velocity probe is embedded and fixed at the front end of the L-shaped measuring rod.
Furthermore, the measuring frame fixing device further comprises a positioning lock, and the linear slide rail can slide along the linear slide rail and is fixed at different positions through the positioning lock.
Furthermore, the three-dimensional PIV system comprises a left camera, a right camera and a laser sheet light generator, wherein the laser sheet light emitter is vertically arranged at the bottom of the glass water tank, the left camera and the right camera are arranged on the side surface of the glass water tank, the visual angles of the left camera and the right camera form a certain angle to be aligned to an area illuminated by laser sheet light emitted by the laser sheet light emitter in a water body, and a common area of imaging visual fields of the left camera and the right camera is a measurement area.
Further, the three-dimensional PIV system is disposed at a position no less than 20 times the sink width from the sink inlet section and no less than 10 times the sink width from the sink outlet section.
A calibration method of a three-dimensional pulsating flow velocity measuring device is characterized by being carried out by adopting the system, and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the water pump is started, so that the water flow state in the glass water tank tends to be constant;
step two: fixedly mounting an L-shaped measuring rod and a three-dimensional PIV system, and carrying out image acquisition of the three-dimensional PIV system and data acquisition of a novel flow velocity probe;
step three: image information acquired by the three-dimensional PIV system is led into processing software to calculate two-dimensional flow field information and reconstruct three-dimensional flow velocity information, the three-dimensional ultrasonic flow velocity probe is used for accurately positioning the water body measured by the acquired image information, and error analysis is carried out on the calculation result of the three-dimensional PIV system and the calculation result of the three-dimensional ultrasonic flow velocity probe through different parameters for calibration.
Further, the third step is specifically realized by the following steps:
firstly, calculating a planar two-dimensional flow field according to a planar two-dimensional algorithm by utilizing particle images shot by a left camera and a right camera; then, the known three-dimensional imaging calibration relation is combined, and two planar two-dimensional flow fields are projected to a measuring plane of an object space from the image plane of each camera; finally, reconstructing the planar two-dimensional flow field into a planar three-dimensional velocity field on the measuring plane;
then, deriving three-dimensional plane flow velocity field information obtained by the three-dimensional PIV system post-processing software, positioning the three-dimensional plane flow velocity field information to the front end of a three-dimensional ultrasonic flow velocity probe by combining an image shot by a three-dimensional PIV system camera, and determining the position of the measured water body in the plane three-dimensional flow field according to the distance between the measured water body of the ultrasonic flow velocity probe and the front end of the ultrasonic flow velocity probe and the length of the measured water body of the ultrasonic flow velocity probe; and extracting flow velocity information in a grid contained in the water body measured by the ultrasonic flow velocity probe, averaging to obtain related flow velocity information at a measuring point position of the ultrasonic flow velocity probe corresponding to the PIV, and checking the ultrasonic flow velocity probe by taking the related flow velocity information as a reference.
The invention takes the flowing water method as a basic method, and simultaneously adopts a high-precision PIV system as a comparison measurement method to synchronously measure the same area, thereby avoiding the influence caused by unstable and uneven flow velocity of water flow; compared with a still water method, the required length of the water tank is smaller, and the acquisition time of the flow rate data is not limited by the length of the water tank; the PIV system is used as a comparison observation means, so that 3 components in the flow velocity direction can be obtained in single measurement, repeated operation is avoided, and workload is greatly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a calibration system of the three-dimensional pulsating flow velocity measurement device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the glass flume system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the glass flume system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the horizontal measuring frame and the measuring rod fixing device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a three-dimensional planar flow field information plot obtained by the post-processing software of the three-dimensional PIV system of the present invention.
The system comprises a glass water tank system 1, a glass water tank system 2, a mounting and fixing system 3, a PIV system 4, a fixing support 5, a horizontal measuring frame 6, a mounting platform 7, a measuring frame fixing device 8, a water inlet pipeline 9, a water tank inlet section 10, a glass water tank 11, a water tank outlet section 12, a tail gate 13, a water tank slope adjusting device 13, an upstream water tank 14, a downstream water tank 15, a support system 16, a left camera 17-1, a right camera 17-2, a laser light generator 18, a water return pipeline 19, an energy dissipation grid 20, an electromagnetic flowmeter 21, a water pump 22, a linear sliding table 23, a linear sliding table 24-T-shaped plate 25, a linear sliding rail 26-L-shaped measuring rod 27, a fixing clamp 28-linear sliding rail sliding block 29, a positioning lock 30, a linear sliding table sliding block 31, a rotating wheel 32-laser sheet light and a water flow 33. 34-ultrasonic flow velocity probe measuring water body.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, one embodiment of the calibration system of the three-dimensional pulsating flow velocity measuring device of the present invention includes a glass water tank system 1, a mounting and fixing system 2, and a three-dimensional PIV system 3.
The glass water tank system 1 comprises a glass water tank 10, a water tank inlet section 9 communicated with the front end of the glass water tank 10, a water tank outlet section 11 communicated with the rear end of the glass water tank 10, a water inlet pipeline 8 communicated with the water tank inlet section 9, a supporting system 16 installed at the bottom of the glass water tank 10, and a water tank slope regulating device 13 in linkage with the supporting system 16 in a matched mode. The water tank inlet section 9 is provided with an energy dissipation grid 20, an upstream water tank 14 is arranged near the water tank inlet section 9, a downstream water tank 15 communicated with the water tank outlet section 11 is arranged near the water tank outlet section 11, the upstream water tank 14 is communicated with the downstream water tank 15 through a water return pipeline 19, the upstream water tank 14 is communicated with one end of the water inlet pipeline 8, and the water inlet pipeline 8 is provided with a water pump 22. An electromagnetic flowmeter 21 is arranged on the water inlet pipeline 8 to record the flow in real time; the water tank outlet section 11 is also provided with a tail gate 12, through which the water tank slope regulating device 13 and the tail gate 12 can realize different water flow conditions.
The glass water tank 10 is formed by splicing ultra-white toughened glass, and has the total length of 14m, the section width of 30cm and the depth of 25 cm. The glass water tank 10, the water tank inlet section 9 and the water tank outlet section 11 are arranged on a support system 16, and the support system 16 is formed by processing and assembling high-strength steel and is in contact with the ground to play a role in bearing and supporting.
The installation and fixing system 2 comprises a fixing support 4, a horizontal measuring frame 5, an installation platform 6 and a measuring frame fixing device 7, wherein the horizontal measuring frame 5 is hoisted above the glass water tank 10 through the fixing support 4 and is separated from the glass water tank system 1.
The fixing support 4 is fixed on the wall, the horizontal measuring frame 5 is suspended below the fixing support 4, and the measuring frame fixing device 7 is fixed on the horizontal measuring frame 5 through the mounting platform 6, so that the fixing device and the glass water tank system 1 are separated integrally, and the influence caused by vibration of the glass water tank system 1 when the water pump operates is avoided. The fixed support 4 and the horizontal measuring frame 5 are both made of stainless steel, and the mounting platform 6 is made of 10mm organic glass.
As shown in fig. 4, the measuring rack fixing device 7 includes a linear sliding table 23, a T-shaped plate 24, a linear sliding rail 25, an L-shaped measuring bar 26, a fixing clamp 27, a linear sliding rail slider 28, a positioning lock 29, and a linear sliding table slider 30. The linear sliding table 23 is fixed on the mounting platform 6, and the linear sliding rail 25 is connected with the linear sliding table 23 through the T-shaped plate 24 to form a device which can be adjusted in the horizontal and vertical directions. Specifically, the horizontal part of T-shaped plate 24 is vertical, linear slide rail 25 is fixed on the upper surface of the horizontal part of T-shaped plate 24 through screws, and T-shaped plate 24 is fixed on linear sliding table 23. Specifically, the vertical part of the T-shaped plate 24 is connected with the linear sliding table slider 30 on the linear sliding table 23 through screws to form a whole, the rotating wheel 31 of the linear sliding table 23 in rotation drives the screw to rotate, and the linear sliding table slider 30 is driven to move by the rotation of the screw so as to realize displacement in the width direction of the water tank.
The fixing clip 27 is fixed on a linear slide rail slide block 28 of the linear slide rail 25, and the linear slide rail slide block 28 can slide along the linear slide rail 25 and is fixed at different positions through a positioning lock 29. In this embodiment, two linear slide rail sliders 28 are respectively disposed at the upper end and the lower end of the linear slide rail 25, each linear slide rail slider 28 is connected with a fixing clamp 27, the fixing clamps 27 are fixed to the linear slide rail sliders 28 through screws, the L-shaped measuring rod 26 is clamped by the linear slide rail sliders 28, and the ultrasonic flow velocity probe is embedded and fixed at the front end of the L-shaped measuring rod 26. The two linear slide rail sliders 28 increase the stability of the L-bar 26 when secured and maintain the L-bar 26 upright. The linear slide rail slide block 28 can be fixed at different positions on the linear slide rail 25 through the positioning lock 29, so that the L-shaped measuring rod 26 can be adjusted at different heights. The positions of the upper slide block and the lower slide block of the linear guide rail 25 and the linear slide rail slide block 28 are respectively adjusted to enable the cross rod of the L-shaped measuring rod 26 to be positioned at a proper position in the glass water tank 10 and to be submerged at a proper depth in the water, and the axis of the cross rod of the L-shaped measuring rod 26 is parallel to the axis of the glass water tank 10.
The three-dimensional PIV system 3 is arranged at a distance of not less than 20 times the sink width from the sink inlet section 9 and not less than 10 times the sink width from the sink outlet section 11. The three-dimensional PIV system 3 comprises a left camera 17-1, a right camera 17-2 and a laser sheet light generator 18, wherein the laser sheet light emitter 18 is vertically arranged at the bottom of the glass water tank 10, the left camera 17-1 and the right camera 17-2 are arranged on the side surface of the glass water tank 10, the visual angles of the left camera 17-1 and the right camera 17-2 form a certain angle, the certain angle is aligned to an area, which is illuminated by laser sheet light 32 (shown in figure 4) emitted by the laser sheet light emitter 18, in a water body, and a common area of imaging visual fields of the two cameras (the left camera 17-1 and the right camera 17-2) is a measurement area. The thickness of the laser sheet light 32 generated by the laser sheet light generator 18 is about 1-3mm, the diffusion angle is about 15-30 degrees, and the laser sheet light is used for illuminating a plane to be measured in the water body to be measured. The position of the laser sheet light emitter 18 is adjusted so that the center of the laser sheet light 32 coincides with the axis of the cross bar of the L-shaped measuring bar 26.
The post-processing system of the three-dimensional PIV system 3 adopts JFM2.0PIV calculation software developed by Beijing Jiang Yi science and technology Limited, a high-speed Particle Image Velocimetry (TR-PIV) system is composed of an Image acquisition system and flow field calculation, the flow field calculation system is based on multiple interpretation, multiple grid iteration and Image deformation processing algorithms, and the overall accuracy of the system is 1%.
The three-dimensional PIV system 3 respectively calculates the moving distance of the particles in two continuous frames of particle images shot by the left camera (17-1) and the right camera (17-2) and the time interval between the two frames of particle images to flow speed information; and after the calculation is finished, reconstructing three-dimensional flow velocity information according to the spatial relationship and the imaging angle of the left camera and the right camera to obtain a planar three-dimensional flow velocity field.
As shown in fig. 5, deriving three-dimensional plane flow velocity field information obtained by the post-processing software of the three-dimensional PIV system, positioning to the front end of a three-dimensional ultrasonic flow velocity probe in combination with an image shot by a camera of the three-dimensional PIV system, and determining the position of the measured water body in the plane three-dimensional flow field according to the distance L from the measured water body 34 to the front end of the ultrasonic flow velocity probe by the ultrasonic flow velocity probe and the length s of the measured water body 34 by the ultrasonic flow velocity probe; in fig. 5, each grid contains a flow velocity datum, the flow velocity information in the grid contained in the water body measured by the ultrasonic flow velocity probe is extracted, and the correlated flow velocity information at the position of the measurement point of the ultrasonic flow velocity probe corresponding to the PIV can be obtained by averaging, and the correlated flow velocity information is used as a reference to check the ultrasonic flow velocity probe.
The most basic parameter for the calibration of the three-dimensional ultrasonic current meter is the time-average current velocity, and because the three-dimensional PIV system is introduced as a comparison and verification means, the invention can obtain richer current velocity statistics: turbulence intensity sigma in different directions, skewness coefficient Sk, kurtosis coefficient Ku and Reynolds stress Res.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a calibration method for a three-dimensional pulsating flow velocity measurement device, which is performed by using the above system, and the method includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the water pump 22 is turned on so that the water flow state in the glass water tank 10 tends to be constant. Specifically, the water pump 22 is turned on, water flow enters the water tank inlet section 9 of the glass water tank 10 from the water inlet pipeline 8, and a large-scale water flow structure is eliminated through the water tank inlet section 9 and the energy dissipation grating 20, so that the influence on a downstream test section is reduced; the water flows into the downstream water tank 15 through the tail gate 12, the water in the downstream water tank 15 enters the upstream water tank 14 through the water return pipe 19, and the side opening of the upstream water tank 14 is connected with the water pump 22, so that circulation is formed. In addition, the electromagnetic flow meter 21 arranged on the water inlet pipe 8 can read the real-time flow in the water tank, and provides data for subsequent water flow parameter calculation. The inlet section 9 and the outlet section 11 of the water tank are both made of stainless steel; the tail gate 12 fixed on the outlet section of the water tank can realize different water flow conditions by coordinating with the water tank slope regulating device 13.
Step two: and the L-shaped measuring rod 26 and the three-dimensional PIV system 3 are fixedly arranged to acquire images of the three-dimensional PIV system and acquire data of the novel flow velocity probe. Specifically, the positions of the upper and lower sliders of the linear guide rail 25 and the linear slide rail slider 28 are respectively adjusted so that the cross bar of the L-shaped measuring bar 26 is positioned at a proper position in the glass water tank 10 and is immersed in water to a proper depth, and the axis of the cross bar of the L-shaped measuring bar 26 is parallel to the axis of the glass water tank 10; adjusting the position of the laser sheet light emitter 18 to ensure that the center of the laser sheet light 32 is coincident with the axis of the cross bar of the L-shaped measuring rod 26; and then carrying out image acquisition of the three-dimensional PIV system and data acquisition of the novel flow velocity probe.
Step three: image information acquired by the three-dimensional PIV system 3 is led into processing software to calculate two-dimensional flow field information and reconstruct three-dimensional flow velocity information, accurate positioning of a three-dimensional ultrasonic flow velocity probe measuring water body is carried out through the acquired image information, error analysis is carried out on the calculation result of the three-dimensional PIV system 3 and the calculation result of the three-dimensional ultrasonic flow velocity probe through different parameters, and calibration is carried out. The third step is realized by the following steps:
the embodiment of the invention is based on a two-dimensional speed measurement system, and uses a double-camera three-dimensional imaging technology and a three-dimensional reconstruction technology; a certain perspective angle is formed between the optical axes of the two cameras and the perpendicular line of the measuring plane, the common area of the imaging visual fields of the two cameras is the measuring area, and the extension lines of the image plane, the lens plane and the object plane are required to be intersected at one point.
Firstly, calculating a planar two-dimensional flow field according to a planar two-dimensional algorithm by utilizing particle images shot by a left camera and a right camera; then, the known three-dimensional imaging calibration relation is combined, and two planar two-dimensional flow fields are projected to a measuring plane of an object space from the image plane of each camera; finally, reconstructing the planar two-dimensional flow field into a planar three-dimensional velocity field on the measuring plane; specifically, the three-dimensional flow velocity field is obtained by respectively calculating the moving distance of particles in two continuous frames of particle images shot by the left camera 17-1 and the right camera 17-2 and the flow velocity information from the time interval between the two frames of images, and reconstructing the three-dimensional flow velocity information according to the spatial relationship and the imaging angle of the left camera and the right camera after the calculation is completed.
Then, deriving three-dimensional plane flow velocity field information obtained by post-processing software of the three-dimensional PIV system 3, positioning the three-dimensional plane flow velocity field information to the front end of a three-dimensional ultrasonic flow velocity probe by combining images shot by a camera of the three-dimensional PIV system 3, and determining the position of the measured water body in the plane three-dimensional flow field according to the distance L between the measured water body 34 of the ultrasonic flow velocity probe and the front end of the ultrasonic flow velocity probe and the length s of the measured water body 34 of the ultrasonic flow velocity probe; and extracting flow velocity information in a grid contained in the water body measured by the ultrasonic flow velocity probe, averaging to obtain related flow velocity information at a measuring point position of the ultrasonic flow velocity probe corresponding to the PIV, and checking the ultrasonic flow velocity probe by taking the related flow velocity information as a reference.
The installation fixing system 2 is separated from the glass water tank system 1, so that the influence of vibration generated when a water pump runs on the measurement of the ultrasonic flow velocity probe is avoided; meanwhile, a high-precision three-dimensional Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) system is used as a contrast observation means to obtain a large amount of abundant flow velocity data, the position of a water mass to be detected of the ultrasonic flow velocity probe can be corresponded to a corresponding coordinate position in a calculation result of the three-dimensional PIV system through subsequent processing, flow velocity data near the corresponding coordinate position is extracted, and the three-dimensional flow velocity is calibrated for the ultrasonic flow velocity probe. The invention has the advantages of rich flow velocity comparison information, high precision, simple and convenient operation, small occupied area, small water consumption and the like, can carry out three-dimensional flow velocity check on the flow velocity meter in one measurement process, and has high working efficiency.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A calibration system of a three-dimensional pulsating flow velocity measuring device is characterized in that: the device comprises a glass water tank system, an installation and fixation system and a three-dimensional PIV system; the glass water tank system comprises a glass water tank, a water tank inlet section communicated with the front end of the glass water tank, a water tank outlet section communicated with the rear end of the glass water tank, a water inlet pipeline communicated with the water tank inlet section, a supporting system arranged at the bottom of the glass water tank and a water tank slope regulating device in linkage with the supporting system in a matching way; an upstream water tank is arranged near the water tank inlet section, a downstream water tank communicated with the water tank outlet section is arranged near the water tank outlet section, the upstream water tank is communicated with the downstream water tank through a water return pipeline, the upstream water tank is communicated with one end of a water inlet pipeline, and a water pump is arranged on the water inlet pipeline; the water tank outlet section is provided with a tail gate, and different water flow conditions can be realized through the water tank slope regulating device and the tail gate; the mounting and fixing system is used for moving the L-shaped measuring rod provided with the ultrasonic flow velocity probe at different positions in the glass water tank, and the three-dimensional PIV system is used for obtaining a planar three-dimensional flow velocity field in the glass water tank.
2. A rating system for a three-dimensional pulsating flow velocity measurement device as recited in claim 1, wherein: an energy dissipation grid is arranged at the inlet section of the water tank, and an electromagnetic flow meter is installed on the water inlet pipeline.
3. A rating system for a three-dimensional pulsating flow velocity measurement device as recited in claim 1, wherein: the glass water tank, the water tank inlet section and the water tank outlet section are arranged on a supporting system, and the supporting system is in contact with the ground and plays a role in bearing and supporting.
4. A rating system for a three-dimensional pulsating flow velocity measurement device as recited in claim 1, wherein: the installation fixing system comprises a fixing support, a horizontal measuring frame, an installation platform and a measuring frame fixing device, wherein the fixing support is fixed on the wall, the horizontal measuring frame is hoisted above the glass water tank through the fixing support and is separated from the glass water tank system, the measuring frame fixing device is fixed on the horizontal measuring frame through the installation platform, the measuring frame fixing device comprises an L-shaped measuring rod and a moving mechanism, and the moving mechanism is used for moving the L-shaped measuring rod in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction.
5. A rating system for a three-dimensional pulsating flow velocity measurement device as recited in claim 4, wherein: the moving mechanism comprises a linear sliding table, a T-shaped plate, a linear sliding rail, a fixing clamp, a linear sliding rail sliding block and a linear sliding table sliding block, the linear sliding table is fixed on the mounting platform, and the linear sliding rail and the linear sliding table are connected through the T-shaped plate to form a horizontal and vertical direction adjustable device; the horizontal part of the T-shaped plate is vertically arranged, the linear slide rail is fixed on the upper surface of the horizontal part of the T-shaped plate, and the T-shaped plate is fixed on the linear sliding table; the vertical part of the T-shaped plate is connected with a linear sliding table sliding block on the linear sliding table to form a whole, a rotating wheel of the rotating linear sliding table drives a screw rod to rotate, and the rotation of the screw rod drives the linear sliding table sliding block to move, so that the displacement in the width direction of the water tank is realized; the fixed clamp is fixed on a linear slide rail slide block of the linear slide rail, the L-shaped measuring rod is clamped and fixed by the linear slide rail slide block, and the ultrasonic flow velocity probe is embedded and fixed at the front end of the L-shaped measuring rod.
6. A rating system for a three-dimensional pulsating flow velocity measurement device as recited in claim 5, wherein: the measuring frame fixing device further comprises a positioning lock, and the linear slide rail can slide along the linear slide rail and is fixed at different positions through the positioning lock.
7. A rating system for a three-dimensional pulsating flow velocity measurement device as recited in claim 1, wherein: the three-dimensional PIV system comprises a left camera, a right camera and a laser sheet light generator, wherein the laser sheet light emitter is vertically arranged at the bottom of the glass water tank, the left camera and the right camera are arranged on the side surface of the glass water tank, the visual angles of the left camera and the right camera form a certain angle to be aligned to an area, which is illuminated by laser sheet light emitted by the laser sheet light emitter, in a water body, and a common area of imaging visual fields of the left camera and the right camera is a measurement area.
8. A rating system for a three-dimensional pulsating flow velocity measurement device as recited in claim 1, wherein: the three-dimensional PIV system is disposed at a distance of no less than 20 times the flume width from the flume inlet section and no less than 10 times the flume width from the flume outlet section.
9. A calibration method of a three-dimensional pulsating flow velocity measurement device, characterized by being performed with the system according to any one of claims 1-8, the method comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: the water pump is started, so that the water flow state in the glass water tank tends to be constant;
step two: fixedly mounting an L-shaped measuring rod and a three-dimensional PIV system, and carrying out image acquisition of the three-dimensional PIV system and data acquisition of a novel flow velocity probe;
step three: image information acquired by the three-dimensional PIV system is led into processing software to calculate two-dimensional flow field information and reconstruct three-dimensional flow velocity information, the three-dimensional ultrasonic flow velocity probe is used for accurately positioning the water body measured by the acquired image information, and error analysis is carried out on the calculation result of the three-dimensional PIV system and the calculation result of the three-dimensional ultrasonic flow velocity probe through different parameters for calibration.
10. A calibration method for a three-dimensional pulsating flow velocity measurement device as claimed in claim 9, wherein: the third step is realized by the following steps:
firstly, calculating a planar two-dimensional flow field according to a planar two-dimensional algorithm by utilizing particle images shot by a left camera and a right camera; then, the known three-dimensional imaging calibration relation is combined, and two planar two-dimensional flow fields are projected to a measuring plane of an object space from the image plane of each camera; finally, reconstructing the planar two-dimensional flow field into a planar three-dimensional velocity field on the measuring plane;
then, deriving three-dimensional plane flow velocity field information obtained by the three-dimensional PIV system post-processing software, positioning the three-dimensional plane flow velocity field information to the front end of a three-dimensional ultrasonic flow velocity probe by combining an image shot by a three-dimensional PIV system camera, and determining the position of the measured water body in the plane three-dimensional flow field according to the distance between the measured water body of the ultrasonic flow velocity probe and the front end of the ultrasonic flow velocity probe and the length of the measured water body of the ultrasonic flow velocity probe; and extracting flow velocity information in a grid contained in the water body measured by the ultrasonic flow velocity probe, averaging to obtain related flow velocity information at a measuring point position of the ultrasonic flow velocity probe corresponding to the PIV, and checking the ultrasonic flow velocity probe by taking the related flow velocity information as a reference.
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