CN108303524A - A kind of test method of underwater 3D printing building mortar performance - Google Patents
A kind of test method of underwater 3D printing building mortar performance Download PDFInfo
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- CN108303524A CN108303524A CN201810246643.2A CN201810246643A CN108303524A CN 108303524 A CN108303524 A CN 108303524A CN 201810246643 A CN201810246643 A CN 201810246643A CN 108303524 A CN108303524 A CN 108303524A
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- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 97
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000019994 cava Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001269238 Data Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001828 Gelatine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012255 powdered metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009416 shuttering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009955 starching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/38—Concrete; Lime; Mortar; Gypsum; Bricks; Ceramics; Glass
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/18—Water
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of test methods of underwater 3D printing building mortar performance, carry out 3D printing building mortar under water, obtain print component, be then detected to the underwater dispersion resistance of print component, underwater bulk property and effective stack height.Compared with prior art, the present invention can meet the Research Requirements of underwater 3D printing Building technology, accumulate experience and lay the foundation for the application of underwater 3D printing Building technology.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to building material technical fields, more particularly, to a kind of survey of underwater 3D printing building mortar performance
Method for testing.
Background technology
3D printing technique is to pass through the increasing material system for successively accumulating to construct object of material according to digital model file
Make technology.The material of 3D printing is generally used for based on plastics and powdered-metal, since cement-based material is with good plastic
Property, higher compression strength and good durability, also can be used as 3D printing material, therefore 3D printing technique also begins to taste
Examination is applied to building field.3D printing Building technology is different from traditional building construction technology, it does not need shuttering supporting, can
According to the model file of setting, printing speed goes out the building element of various complexity, keeps architectural modeling more flexible, subtracts simultaneously
Lack labour and spillage of material, saved time and space, reduces construction cost.Due to 3D printing Building technology from
Dynamicization and intelligence degree are high, the alternative manually building construction in some particular surroundings, such as：Under water, Yi Jigao
When the building construction of the area such as danger, high pollution, 3D printing Building technology has incomparable excellent of traditional construction building technology
Gesture.
With the continuous expansion in mankind's activity space, the production scope of activities of people is also gradually extended to shallow sea by land
Or even deep-sea.The development and utilization of marine resources, artificial island, underwater bridges and culverts, tunnel, offshore drilling platform and underwater fortification
Construction, all be unable to do without constantly improve and the development of submerged structure technology.Traditionally, Underwater Engineering construction period length, difficulty
Greatly, construction cost is high, and common underwater project construction technology can be divided into two kinds：One is by build cofferdam after drained,
To form the construction environment having no water or little water, then construct according to land construction method；It is another then to be use have
Concrete conveyance to Underwater Engineering is poured position by concrete and water segregation by the special construction equipment of good sealing property.
However that all there is quantities is big, long in time limit, cost is high, operational procedure is complicated, construction technical requirement is high for both construction methods
The problems such as.Preferable, the higher non-dispersible underwater concrete of cost even with dispersion resistance energy, also there is also taken under dampening
The problem of formwork for placing is built, and the construction technology that a big chunk need of work is completed by the diver of profession limits.Make
With 3D printing Building technology, and dedicated underwater 3D printing construction material is combined, to overcome submerged structure construction existing above-mentioned
Problem provides practicable solution route, expands the application range of submerged structure.
Currently, underwater 3D printing Building technology is still in the research and probe stage, underwater 3D printing building sand there is no both at home and abroad
The correlative study report for starching performance test evaluation method, also can be for reference without associated test standards.Underwater 3D printing building mortar
Different from general 3D printing construction material, in addition to Essential Performance Requirements such as pumpability to be met, accumulation property and printing property
Outside, due to 3D printing to be molded under water, must also have good underwater dispersion resistance, under water accumulation property, suitable intensity
With durability and to the pollution-free equal multinomial performances in environment waters.Therefore, there is an urgent need to be directed to underwater 3D printing building mortar
The test evaluation method and test device of energy are underwater 3D printing to meet the Research Requirements of underwater 3D printing Building technology
The application of Building technology accumulates experience and lays the foundation.
Invention content
It is an object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and provide a kind of underwater 3D printings to build
Build the test method of mortar performance.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of test method of underwater 3D printing building mortar performance carries out 3D printing building mortar, is beaten under water
Component is printed, then the underwater dispersion resistance of print component, underwater bulk property and effective stack height are detected.
Detect print component underwater dispersion resistance, include to print component before printing after mass loss detection
And the detection of ambient water pH value variation.
The detection of mass loss uses following steps：
(1) clean tap water is added in a reservoir, carries out 3D printing under water and obtains print component；
(2) print component is stood 2 days in water, collects the printing dispersion in water, print component is dried, with dispersion
Object is placed in baking oven, and drying temperature control dries to constant weight at 100-110 DEG C, takes out the component and dispersion after drying, cooling
To room temperature；
(3) using the mass ratio of dispersion and print component as the mass loss rate Ms of the print component, mass loss rate
It is calculated as follows：
Ms：The mass loss rate (%) of print component；
M1：The quality (g) of the dispersion of drying；
M0：The quality (g) of the print component of drying.
The detection of ambient water pH value variation uses following steps：
(1) clean tap water is added in a reservoir, carries out 3D printing under water and obtains hollow print component, the printing structure
The height of part is more than the depth of water；
(2) print component stands 5min in water, and the pH of aqueous solution in hollow print component is tested using pH testers
Value；
(3) after the completion of test printing when 10min, 20min, 30min in hollow print component aqueous solution pH values.
The underwater bulk property for detecting print component uses following steps：
(1) clean tap water is added in a reservoir, carries out 3D printing under water and obtains the printing structure of two printing floor heights
Part；
(2) print component is stood into 10min in water, the water in container is then drained, along the length side of print component
To the bilevel width once printed every 100mm measurements；
(3) at least 5 groups of width datas are measured and calculate the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of width, calculate printing mortar shape stability,
It is calculated as follows：
D：Print the shape stability (%) of mortar；
d1：The width (mm) of upper layer printable layer；
d2：The width (mm) of lower layer's printable layer.
The effective stack height for detecting print component uses following steps：
(1) clean tap water is added in a reservoir, printing head is stretched into underwater print platform, starts printing first
When layer, height of the printing head apart from print platform is h0Mm, after one layer of printing elevated height to hmm,
(2) continue to print subsequent layers until the test specimen finally accumulated caves in, the printing of test specimen when record finally caves in
Number of plies n,
(3) restart to print, accumulate n-2 layers；
(4) after completing n-2 layers of printing, the effective stack height of print component, the evaluation side of effective stack height are measured
Method is as follows：Printing is completed after standing 10min, after draining the water in platform, first measures the minimum altitude h of print component1With highest
Height h2, take the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of the two as practical printing height hSIt will printing height hSWith theoretical piling height hLComparison,
The calculation formula of wherein theoretical piling height is as follows：hL=h0+ h (n-3), if | hL-hS|/hL100%≤10%, then it is real
Border prints height hSEffectively, duplicate printing is tested three times, effective accumulation using the average value of test result three times as the mortar
Highly.
Compared with prior art, the present invention proposes the test method of underwater 3D printing building mortar performance, test knot
Fruit can provide theoretical foundation or underwater 3D printing for the research of underwater 3D printing building mortar material and the evaluation of performance
The development of Architectural Equipment and the improvement of underwater 3D printing moulding process provide Technical Reference, have filled up underwater 3D printing at present and have built
Build the blank of mortar performance test method.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of pH tests；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of bulk property test platform.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.Following embodiment will be helpful to the skill of this field
Art personnel further understand the present invention, but the invention is not limited in any way.It should be pointed out that the common of this field
For technical staff, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made.These are belonged to
Protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The performance of underwater 3D printing building mortar is mainly concerned with underwater dispersion resistance, underwater bulk property and shape
Stability.
Underwater dispersion resistance test method
Changed with the pH value of the mass loss of print component before and after printing, ambient water to weigh underwater 3D printing building sand
The dispersion resistance of slurry.
(a) mass loss
Clean tap water is added extremely in a length of 400mm, wide 300mm, high 300mm, the hard transparent container of wall thickness 3mm
Depth is 200mm, sets the program of print component, and print length is 100mm, high 20 layers of (printing head diameter under water
Dmm, first layer print height h0Mm, hereafter hoisting depth is hdMm component) must ensure printing discharging in whole printing process
And clout cut-out is timely at the end of printing, must not trickle down printed material in a reservoir.After print component stands 2d in water, use
Clean hairbrush enters the dispersion brush on print component in printing container, filters dispersion in remaining water and is received with glass dish
Collection gets up.The water droplet of component surface is wiped with towel again, it is then put into togerther baking oven with the dispersion being obtained by filtration,
It dries to constant weight at a temperature of 105 ± 5 DEG C.The component and dispersion after drying are taken out, is cooled to room temperature, weighs its matter respectively
Amount, is accurate to 0.1g, using the mass ratio of dispersion and print component as the mass loss rate M of the print components, quality damage
Mistake rate, which is calculated as follows, to be obtained：
In formula, Ms--- the mass loss rate (%) of print component；
M1--- the quality (g) of the dispersion of drying；
M0--- the quality (g) of the print component of drying.
(b) pH value changes
It is 300mm in an internal diameter, clean tap water is added extremely in the hard transparent cylindrical chamber of high 300mm, wall thickness 2mm
Depth is 200mm, sets the program of print component, prints long 100mm, the hollow cylinder of wide 100mm under water, and print
Height is higher by component (the printing head diameter dmm, first layer printing height h of two complete print layers of the water surface0Hereafter mm is promoted
Height is hdMm), clout is cut off in time after printing.After component printing to be printed is completed and stands 5min, with pH testers
The pH value for the aqueous solution inside that four wall of prism component of test printing is surrounded, is accurate to 0.01, and test is beaten respectively later
PH value after the completion of print when 10min, 20min, 30min, test schematic diagram are shown in Fig. 1.It is surrounded with printing four wall of prism component
The pH value Assessment of Changes of aqueous solution inside its dispersion resistance.
Embodiment 2
Underwater bulk property is to evaluate the important indicator of underwater 3D printing building mortar constructability, can be by having under water
Piling height is imitated to characterize, piling height is higher, then bulk property is better.Test underwater 3D printing building mortar bulk property
When, necessary water-proofing treatment must be carried out to the immersions such as print head of 3D printer part, or use dedicated underwater 3D printing
Machine.
The underwater underwater bulk property test device of 3D printing building mortar is shown in Fig. 2, which is suitable for including one
The printer and its control device of underwater 3D printing building mortar, an open top container formula that printing environment under simulation water can be provided
Platform, the platform are made with transparent organic glass, long 1000mm, wide 1000mm, high 640mm, wall thickness 3mm, the one side of platform
Go out/water inlet, a diameter of 15mm, at a distance of 600mm there are two opening.The water that bottom water outlet can empty in platform (is in when printing
Closed state), upside water outlet can be such that the water level in platform is kept constant in print procedure, two go out/water inlet by indicate
Scale (unit：Mm), facilitate the SEA LEVEL VARIATION in observation platform.
For the underwater 3D printing building mortar of a certain proportioning, before testing its underwater bulk property, the printing should be first tested
The underwater printing shape stability of mortar, shape stability be the underwater 3D printing building mortar of characterization be pumped up after extrusion by
The stabilization of change in shape and printable layer of the subsurface material under upper layer of material extruding and hydraulic pressure in layer printing stacking process
Property.Its test method is as follows：It is 600mm that clean tap water to depth will first be added in platform, then printer mixing pump and defeated
It send pipeline water flowing to soak, the printed material being stirred is packed into mixing pump, open mixing pump, material to be printed passes through delivery pipe
Road starts printer, it is steady to be loaded into the underwater 3D printing building mortar shape of the test finished after printing head uniformly continuous extrusion
Qualitative program.Long 600mm is printed, the strip member of two printing floor heights cuts off clout immediately after the completion of printing.It stands
After 10min, drain the water in print platform, along print component length direction every 100mm measure once print up and down
Two layers of width is accurate to 0.1mm, respectively to measure the obtained arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of 5 groups of data as bilevel printing
Width value, and whether the upper and lower two printings layer surfaces of observation are cracked, fracture, the table if there is apparent crackle or fracture
The bright printing mortar shape stability is poor, and print span value is invalid.At two, printing layer surface is complete, and printable layer is continuous
And under the situation of flawless, effective print span is the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of upper layer and lower layer printable layer mean breadth, and calculates and beat
Mortar shape stability is printed, the shape stability of the printing mortar is calculated as follows：
In formula, D --- the shape stability (%) of printing mortar；
d1--- the width (mm) of upper layer printable layer；
d2--- the width (mm) of lower layer's printable layer.
Embodiment 3
To meeting the printing mortar of the underwater underwater bulk property of 3D printing building mortar, can further test it has under water
Piling height is imitated, test method is as follows：It is 600mm that clean tap water to depth is first added in platform, then printer is stirred
Pump and conveyance conduit water flowing wetting are mixed, the printed material being stirred is packed into mixing pump, opens mixing pump, material warp to be printed
Conveyance conduit is crossed after printing head uniformly continuous extrusion, starts printer, is loaded into the underwater 3D printing building sand of the test finished
The program of bulk property under pulp-water.Printer executes print command, and print head stretches into underwater print platform, starts printing the
At one layer, height of the printing head apart from print platform is h0Mm, print length are promotion hmm after the lines of 200mm, printing
The second layer, until the test specimen finally accumulated caves in, the printing number of plies n of test specimen when record finally caves in, and it is basic herein
On, restart to print, accumulate n-2 layers, test specimen is printed in whole printing process must be in underwater.
After completing n-2 layers of printing, the effective stack height of print component must be measured.The evaluation side of effective stack height
Method is as follows：Printing is completed after standing 10min, after draining the water in platform, first measures the minimum altitude h of print component1With highest
Height h2, take the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of the two as practical printing height hS, i.e. hS=(h1+h2)/2；And it will printing height hSWith reason
By piling height hLComparison, wherein the calculation formula of theoretical piling height is as follows：hL=h0+h·(n-3).If | hL-hS|/hL·
100%≤10%, then it is practical to print height hSEffectively, otherwise the printing is highly ineffective, i.e., effective stack height is 0.Experiment weight
Strike-on prints three times, using the average value of test result three times as the effective stack height of the mortar, is accurate to 1mm.
Embodiment 4
Below in conjunction with specific experiment data, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described.
Underwater 3D printing building mortar proportioning is shown in Table 1, and admixture dosage is the mass percent of cement, and fine aggregate is
Quartz sand, gelatine ratio are 1.5, Silica fume content 5%, contents of ground slag 20%.
The proportioning of 1 underwater 3D printing building mortar of table
(1) underwater dispersion resistance energy：
Clean tap water is added extremely in a length of 400mm, wide 300mm, high 300mm, the hard transparent container of wall thickness 3mm
Depth is 200mm, sets the program of print component, and after printed material is stirred, print length is 100mm under water, high by 20
The structure of layer (a diameter of 12mm of printing head used herein, first layer printing height is 8mm, and hereafter hoisting depth is 7.5mm)
Part, clout cut-out is timely at the end of printing discharging and printing must be ensured in whole printing process, must not trickle down printed material and hold
In device.After print component stands 2d in water, the dispersion brush on print component is entered in printing container with clean hairbrush, mistake
It filters dispersion in remaining water and is collected with glass dish.The water droplet for wiping component surface with towel again, then by itself and mistake
It filters obtained dispersion and is put into togerther baking oven, drying to constant weight at a temperature of 105 DEG C.It takes out the component after drying and divides
Object is dissipated, is cooled to room temperature, weighs its quality respectively, the mass loss rate of the underwater 3D printing building mortar measured is shown in Table 2.
The mass loss rate of 2 underwater 3D printing building mortar of table
With the mortar of same proportioning, its underwater front and back pH value variation of printing is tested：An internal diameter be 300mm, high 300mm,
It is 200mm that clean tap water to depth is added in the hard transparent cylindrical chamber of wall thickness 2mm, sets the program of print component,
Long 100mm, the hollow cylinder of wide 100mm are printed under water, and print the component that height is higher by two complete print layers of the water surface
(a diameter of 12mm of printing head used herein, first layer printing height is 8mm, and hereafter hoisting depth is 7.5mm), printing
After cut off clout in time.After component printing to be printed is completed and stands 5min, with the prism of pH tester test printings
The pH value for the aqueous solution inside that four wall of component is surrounded, test result are shown in Table 3.
The pH of 3 underwater 3D printing building mortar of table
(2) underwater bulk property：
It is 600mm that clean tap water to depth is first added in platform, then printer mixing pump and conveyance conduit water flowing
The printed material being stirred is packed into mixing pump by wetting, opens mixing pump, and material to be printed is sprayed by conveyance conduit from printing
After head uniformly continuous squeezes out, start printer, is loaded into the journey for the underwater 3D printing building mortar shape stability of test finished
Sequence.Long 600mm is printed, the strip member (a diameter of 12.0mm of printing head used herein) of two printing floor heights has printed
Cut off clout immediately after.Stand 10min after, drain the water in print platform, along print component length direction every
100mm measures the bilevel width once printed, and the shape stability for testing the underwater 3D printing building mortar measured is shown in
Table 4, the underwater 3D printing building mortar printing layer surfaces of 3 kinds of proportionings of observation discovery are complete, continuous in experiment, without crackle
It is happened with fracture.
The shape stability of 4 underwater 3D printing building mortar of table
Its underwater printing bulk property is tested with the mortar of above-mentioned same proportioning, test method is as follows：It is beaten under simulation water
In the test platform of print, 600mm is first added water to, keeps the water surface in case concordant with upside water outlet, it is ensured that the platform in print procedure
Water surface elevation remain unchanged.After the pipeline of printer and mixing pump water flowing wetting, the underwater 3D printing building sand newly mixed is added
Slurry starts the underwater bulk property of test set in printer after mortar to be printed uniform from print head, continuous can squeeze out
Print routine order, printer is moved to the designated position of underwater print platform.Printer is moved to printing after entering under water
Print routine order is executed behind platform designated position, when starting to print first layer, height of the printing head apart from print platform is
8.0mm (a diameter of 12.0mm of printing head used herein) promotes 7.5mm, printing the after print length is the lines of 200mm
Two layers, after continuing the lines that print length is 200mm, 7.5mm is promoted, printing third layer is until final heap
Until long-pending test specimen caves in, the printing number of plies n of test specimen when record finally caves in, and on this basis, restart to print, heap
N-2 layers of product, test specimen is printed in whole printing process must be in underwater, after printing is completed and stands 10min, drain platform
Interior water first measures the minimum altitude h of print component1With maximum height h2, and calculate theoretical piling height hL, test measuring
The bulk property of underwater 3D printing building mortar is shown in Table 5.
5 underwater 3D printing building mortar bulk property of table
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described above.It is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited in above-mentioned
Particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make various deformations or amendments within the scope of the claims, this not shadow
Ring the substantive content of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of test method of underwater 3D printing building mortar performance, which is characterized in that carry out 3D printing building sand under water
Slurry, obtains print component, is then examined to the underwater dispersion resistance of print component, underwater bulk property and effective stack height
It surveys.
2. a kind of test method of underwater 3D printing building mortar performance according to claim 1, which is characterized in that detection
The underwater dispersion resistance of print component, include to print component before printing after mass loss detection and ambient water pH value become
The detection of change.
3. a kind of test method of underwater 3D printing building mortar performance according to claim 2, which is characterized in that quality
The detection of loss uses following steps：
(1) clean tap water is added in a reservoir, carries out 3D printing under water and obtains print component；
(2) print component is stood 2 days in water, collects the printing dispersion in water, dries print component, be placed in dispersion
It dries to constant weight in baking oven, takes out the component and dispersion after drying, be cooled to room temperature；
(3) it is pressed using the mass ratio of dispersion and print component as the mass loss rate Ms of the print component, mass loss rate
Formula calculates：
Ms：The mass loss rate (%) of print component；
M1：The quality (g) of the dispersion of drying；
M0：The quality (g) of the print component of drying.
4. a kind of test method of underwater 3D printing building mortar performance according to claim 3, which is characterized in that step
(2) drying temperature of baking oven is controlled at 100-110 DEG C in.
5. a kind of test method of underwater 3D printing building mortar performance according to claim 2, which is characterized in that environment
The detection of water pH value variation uses following steps：
(1) clean tap water is added in a reservoir, carries out 3D printing under water and obtains hollow print component, the height of the print component
Depth of the degree more than water；
(2) print component stands 5min in water, and the pH value of aqueous solution in hollow print component is tested using pH testers；
(3) after the completion of test printing when 10min, 20min, 30min in hollow print component aqueous solution pH value.
6. a kind of test method of underwater 3D printing building mortar performance according to claim 1, which is characterized in that detection
The underwater bulk property of print component uses following steps：
(1) clean tap water is added in a reservoir, carries out 3D printing under water and obtains the print component of two printing floor heights；
(2) print component is stood into 10min in water, then drains the water in container, it is every along the length direction of print component
The bilevel width once printed is measured every 100mm；
(3) at least 5 groups of width datas are measured and calculates the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of width, calculated printing mortar shape stability, press
Formula calculates：
D：Print the shape stability (%) of mortar；
d1：The width (mm) of upper layer printable layer；
d2：The width (mm) of lower layer's printable layer.
7. a kind of test method of underwater 3D printing building mortar performance according to claim 1, which is characterized in that detection
The effective stack height of print component uses following steps：
(1) clean tap water is added in a reservoir, printing head is stretched into underwater print platform, when starting to print first layer,
Height of the printing head apart from print platform is h0Mm, after one layer of printing elevated height to hmm,
(2) continue to print subsequent layers until the test specimen finally accumulated caves in, the printing number of plies of test specimen when record finally caves in
N,
(3) restart to print, accumulate n-2 layers；
(4) after completing n-2 layers of printing, the effective stack height of print component is measured, the evaluation method of effective stack height is such as
Under：Printing is completed after standing 10min, after draining the water in platform, first measures the minimum altitude h of print component1With maximum height
h2, take the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of the two as practical printing height hSIt will printing height hSWith theoretical piling height hLComparison, wherein managing
It is as follows by the calculation formula of piling height：hL=h0+ h (n-3), if | hL-hS|/hL100%≤10%, then practical printing is high
Spend hSEffectively, duplicate printing is tested three times, using the average value of test result three times as the effective stack height of the mortar.
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