CN108827827A - A kind of 3D printing concrete constructions system safety testing device and method - Google Patents
A kind of 3D printing concrete constructions system safety testing device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108827827A CN108827827A CN201810855948.3A CN201810855948A CN108827827A CN 108827827 A CN108827827 A CN 108827827A CN 201810855948 A CN201810855948 A CN 201810855948A CN 108827827 A CN108827827 A CN 108827827A
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- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000009781 safety test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 20
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 201000004569 Blindness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004925 denaturation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036425 denaturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N11/00—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
Abstract
It includes bracket, load container, at mould mold, laser displacement inspecting instrument that the present invention, which provides a kind of 3D printing concrete constructions system safety testing device and method, the device,；Frame upper is support sleeve, and bottom is bottom plate, and support sleeve is fixedly connected by support rod with bottom plate；Load upper vessel portion opening, bottom closing, load container are threaded through in support sleeve；At mould mold for making cement mortar model to be tested；Laser displacement inspecting instrument includes two laser displacement sensors and a display screen, longitudinal laser sensor is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the load container, lateral laser sensor is arranged on bottom plate by removable fixed device, and display screen connects two laser displacement sensors by conducting wire.The present invention can simulate the printing situation in real process completely, and the deformation in the reduction print procedure of superelevation can intuitively find out vertical deformation curve in loading procedure；By simulating interval of different interlayer print times, the interlayer printing gap time can be studied on constructional influence, to determine that vertical printing rate provides reference.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to testing concrete performance field more particularly to a kind of 3D printing concrete constructions system safety testing device and
Method.
Background technique
Printability in 3D printing concrete is defined as cement-based material and passes through 3D printing system by existing literature
Ability.Printability is not only a simple property of material, and the extrudability of it and material, constructiveness and interlaminar bonding are strong
It spends related.
Extrudability：It newly mixes cement-based material and extrusion is passed through by pumping or spiral squeezing mode, extrude
Strip concrete uniformly continuous, not there is a situation where tear or fracture.
Constructability：After newly mixing cement-based material extrusion molding, after bearing the pressure of self weight and upper cover layer, dimension
Hold the ability of own form.
Bond strength between layers：The ability to bond together between layers after printing.
3D printing rate is maintained close ties with constructiveness, and high constructiveness adapts to fast printing rate, is conducive to accelerate construction
Rate realizes the turnover of print component height.Lack the constructional equipment of accurate test material both at home and abroad at present, only to the change of material
Shape gives simple evaluation method, is difficult compared with the deformation in print procedure, can not simulate deformation values in print procedure,
Accidental error is more in operating process, and it is big to measure index fluctuation.
It can be seen that the prior art can not simulation concrete 3D printing process, concrete in print procedure can not be simulated
Denaturation value, and accidental error is more in operating process, measures that index fluctuation is big, can not accurately test 3D printing concrete
Constructiveness.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of existing technologies, a kind of 3D printing concrete constructions system safety testing device is provided
And its application method, solve above-mentioned technical problem.
The application realizes that the technical solution of above-mentioned purpose is：
A kind of 3D printing concrete constructions system safety testing device, including bracket, load container, at mould mold, laser displacement examine
Instrument is surveyed, the frame upper is support sleeve, and bottom is bottom plate, and the support sleeve is fixedly connected by support rod with bottom plate；It is described
Load upper vessel portion opening, bottom closing, the load container are threaded through in the support sleeve；It is described to be used to make at mould mold
Model to be tested；The laser displacement inspecting instrument includes two laser displacement sensors and a display screen, and the longitudinal direction is swashed
Optical sensor is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the load container, and lateral laser sensor is existed by removable fixed device setting
On bottom plate, the display screen connects described two laser displacement sensors by conducting wire；
Using the 3D printing concrete constructions system safety testing device test 3D printing concrete vertically and laterally flexible value
Method, specific step is as follows：
(1) it takes out into mould Mold Making cement mortar model, and cement mortar model alignment is placed below institute's expects pipe, adjustment
Laser sensor position, it is ensured that straight down, the laser level of lateral pickup is in cement mortar model to the laser of longitudinal sensor
1/2 eminence, and intersect with the center line of cement mortar model；
(2) load is added for the first time and is measured：Laser displacement inspecting instrument is opened, each loaded weight M is setX, between load
Every time T, number M is loaded, (M is weighedXPlastic tube weight) load, at the uniform velocity addition plastic tube in, read laser displacement inspecting
The registration and record of instrument；
(3) it loads and measures for the second time：According to step (2), M is weighedXPlastic tube is added in the load of weight；
(4) registration and note of laser displacement inspecting instrument until load number reaches M times, then are read in repetitive operation step (3)
Record；
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：A kind of 3D printing concrete constructions system safety testing device and its application are provided, fill up existing
There is the technological gap of technical testing 3D printing concrete constructions, can quickly adjust single according to different printing situations and add
Loading capacity and load interval time, largely simulate the change of the loads change situation and print speed in print procedure
Change, the horizontal and vertical deflection of model is accurately measured using laser displacement sensor.The device has convenient, fast, high
The features such as imitating and is accurate, provides a kind of test method that research material constructiveness is truly feasible for researcher, avoids existing
The field constructional blindness of printing test, saves human and material resources and financial resources.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of a kind of overall structure signal of 3D printing concrete constructions test embodiment of assembling device of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of bracket in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is structural schematic diagram when an embodiment of the present invention tests concrete.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of 3D printing concrete constructions system safety testing device, it is characterized in that, including bracket (2), load
Container (1), at mould mold (4), laser displacement inspecting instrument；As shown in Fig. 2, bracket (2) top is support sleeve (7), bottom
For bottom plate (9), the support sleeve (7) is fixedly connected by support rod (8) with bottom plate (9)；It opens on load container (1) top
Mouth, bottom closing, for holding load, the load container (1) is threaded through in the support sleeve (7) the load container；Institute
Mould mold (4) are stated into for making cement mortar model to be tested；The laser displacement inspecting instrument includes two laser displacement sensings
Device and a display screen (5), the longitudinal direction laser sensor are fixedly mounted on the side wall of the load container (1), laterally swash
Optical sensor is arranged on bottom plate (9) by removable fixed device (11), and the display screen (5) connects described two by conducting wire
A laser displacement sensor.
Further, when load container (1) passes through the support sleeve (7), the outer wall of the load container (1) and the branch
The distance between the inner wall of support set (7) is equal everywhere, and by the upper surface of the cement mortar model made at mould mold (4) with
Mutually agree with the lower surface of the load container (1).
As one embodiment of the invention, specifically, the support sleeve (7) is hollow cylinder, the bottom plate (9) is circle
Disk, and the diameter of the bottom plate (9) is 3 times of the support sleeve (7) diameter, the center line of the support sleeve (7) and the bottom
On the same line, support sleeve (7) bottom surface is parallel with the bottom plate (9) surface, the support rod for the center line of plate (9)
(8) there are 3, support rod (8) upper end is weldingly fixed on support sleeve (7) on the side wall of bottom surface, and lower end is weldingly fixed on
The periphery on chassis (9).The load container (1) is made of plastic tube, load container (1) upper opening, lower part closing；Institute
It is 1-2mm smaller than the internal diameter of the support sleeve (7) to state load container (1) outer diameter；The type chamber at mould mold (4) is cylinder,
Its internal diameter is equal with the outer diameter of the load container (1).
As one embodiment of the invention, further, load container (1) is made of plastic tube, upper opening, lower part envelope
It closes, outer diameter 50mm, wall thickness 1.5mm, length 1000mm, weight 30g；The bracket is made of stainless steel, wherein the support sleeve
It (7) is hollow cylinder, internal diameter 52mm, height 60mm；The chassis (9) is the disk of diameter 150mm, thickness 5mm, and the branch
Support set (7) bottom surface is 300mm at a distance from the bottom plate (9) surface；It is described to be made of stainless steel at mould mold (4), type chamber
For the cylindrical body of diameter 50mm, height 50mm, and mold upper end opening is for adding mortar；It is dismountable at mould mold (4)
It is placed on bracket (2).
As one embodiment of the invention, further, laser displacement inspecting instrument includes longitudinal laser displacement sensor
(3), lateral laser displacement sensing (6) and display screen (5), longitudinal laser displacement sensor (3) are fixedly connected on the load and hold
It is described to be fixedly connected with the modes such as welding, screwing that can be used, and longitudinal laser displacement sensor (3) on device on the side wall of (1)
The laser of sending is vertically downward, it is ensured that measures the accurate of distance；Lateral laser displacement sensor (6) passes through removable fixed device
(11) it is arranged on bottom (9), it is opposite with the vertical height of bottom plate (9) and the water of laser moves fixed device adjustable sensor
Square to, guarantee laser elevation be located at cement mortar model (10) 1/2 height locate, laser holding level and with cement mortar model (10)
Straight line intersection where center line, it is ensured that lateral maximum deformation value can be measured；The removable fixed device can be can be with
Meaning adjust height and the rotatable telescopic rod in top, telescopic rod bottom is fixed on bottom plate, then by lateral laser position
Displacement sensor is fixed on telescopic rod top, and guarantees that lateral laser displacement sensor issues laser holding level and and cement mortar model
(10) the straight line intersection where center line；Described two laser displacement sensors use conducting wire to connect with display screen (5) respectively, with
The range information that sensor measures is shown convenient for display screen (5).
The step of testing 3D printing concrete constructions using the present apparatus is as follows：
Print parameters are in the present embodiment：Load is water, and adding the water spacer time is 80s, and number of water is 18 times, and single adds
Water is determined according to the calculating difference in step.
(1) prepared by mortar：Test material is prepared using cement mortar mixer, whipping procedure is the first step：Described in determination
All component dosages of test material；Second step：Blender is added in whole powders, stirs 60s slowly；Third step：It is at the uniform velocity added clear
Water (adds) in 30s, while waterside is added to mix slowly；4th step：Stop stirring 30s, scrapes the dry mash in pot wall manually；5th
Step：It is quickly taken out after stirring 60s stand-by；
(2) test block Cheng Mo, the first step：Mould mold (4) are taken out into, it will be described de- at one layer of inner surface brushing of mould mold (4)
Mould agent weighs described at mould mold (4) and the release agent gross mass M1；Second step：Described at addition mould in mould mold (4)
Have the mortar of half volume, mortar is placed on jumping table and is vibrated 5 times；Third step：Mold is added at mould mold (4) is interior described
The mortar of half volume is placed on jumping table and vibrates 5 times, is added in vibration processes and continues to add mortar guarantee model upper surface water
It is flat；4th step：It weighs at this time into the gross mass M of mould mold (4) and mortar2；5th step：Demoulding is taken out cement mortar model (10), and
The cement mortar model (10) is placed on bottom plate (9) at center；
(3) adjustment cement mortar model (10) is aligned with load container (1), and load container (1) is placed on cement mortar model (10)
On, adjust laser displacement sensor position, it is ensured that the laser of longitudinal displacement sensor (3) straight down, lateral displacement sensor
(6) laser level, is in 1/2 eminence of cement mortar model (10), and intersects with the center line of cement mortar model, as shown in Figure 3；
(4) load is added for the first time and is measured：Laser displacement inspecting instrument is opened, each loaded weight M is setX, between load
Every time 80s, number 18 is loaded；
(5) (M is weighedX- 30) water of g reads the registration and record of laser displacement inspecting instrument at the uniform velocity in addition plastic tube；
(6) it loads and measures for the second time：According to step (5), M is weighedXPlastics are added in the water of weight；
(7) registration of laser displacement inspecting instrument until load number reaches 18 times, then is read simultaneously in repetitive operation step (6)
Record.
Table 1 is the 3D printing concrete of 6 kinds of different thixotropy formulas of the present embodiment test and the stream of fresh concrete
Dynamic parameter.
Table 1：The formula and its flow parameter of different 3D printing concrete in 6
The 3D printing concrete that table 2 lists 6 kinds of different thixotropy formulas prints 20 centimeters of height, measured transverse direction and
Vertical deformation value.
Table 2：The test data of the 3D printing concrete of different thixotropy formulas in 6
The 3D printing concrete of thixotropy formulas different for 6 kinds, device through the invention, setting load number, list
Secondary loaded weight and the true 3D printing process of load time spaced simulation, can measure the transversely deforming amount of concrete model
And longitudinal deformation amount.As shown in Table 2, after the completion of printing, transversely deforming rate all exists preceding 4 kinds of concrete in this embodiment
2.1% hereinafter, linear deformation rate all 0.35% hereinafter, and the transversely deforming rate of latter two concrete is more than 2.5%, wherein
The transversely deforming rate of 5 kinds of concrete has reached 2.72%, and the linear deformation rate of latter two concrete is above the 0.4%, the 6th
The linear deformation rate of middle concrete is even more to reach 0.60%, conclusion that you can get it, in this embodiment, the coagulation of preceding four kinds of formulas
Soil has preferable constructiveness, and the concrete constructions of latter two formula are poor.It can be seen that mixed for different 3D printings
Solidifying soil, the device of the invention can quickly, efficiently, accurately test its constructability (transversely deforming rate, linear deformation rate).
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, Er Qie
In the case where without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter
From the point of view of which point, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is by appended power
Benefit requires rather than above description limits, it is intended that all by what is fallen within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims
Variation is included within the present invention, and any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the involved claims.
In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, but not each embodiment is only wrapped
Containing an independent technical solution, this description of the specification is merely for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should
It considers the specification as a whole, the technical solutions in the various embodiments may also be suitably combined, forms those skilled in the art
The other embodiments being understood that.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of 3D printing concrete constructions system safety testing device, it is characterized in that, including bracket, load container, at mould mold, swash
Light displacement detecting instrument；The frame upper is support sleeve, and bottom is bottom plate, and the support sleeve connects by the way that support rod and bottom plate are fixed
It connects；The load upper vessel portion opening, bottom closing, the load container are threaded through in the support sleeve；It is described at mould mold
For making cement mortar model to be tested；The laser displacement inspecting instrument includes two laser displacement sensors and a display
Screen, the longitudinal direction laser sensor are fixedly mounted on the side wall of the load container, and lateral laser sensor passes through removable
Fixed device is arranged on bottom plate, and the display screen connects described two laser displacement sensors by conducting wire.
2. a kind of 3D printing concrete constructions system safety testing device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the load holds
When device passes through the support sleeve, the outer wall and the distance between the inner wall of the support sleeve of the load container are equal everywhere, and
Mutually agreed with by the upper surface of the cement mortar model made at mould mold and the lower surface of the load container.
3. a kind of 3D printing concrete constructions system safety testing device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the support sleeve
For hollow cylinder, the bottom plate is disk, and the diameter of the disk is 3 times of the hollow cylinder diameter.
4. a kind of 3D printing concrete constructions system safety testing device according to claim 1,2 or 3, which is characterized in that described
The center line of the center line of hollow cylinder and the disk is same straight line, and the hollow cylinder bottom surface and the disc surfaces are flat
Row, the support rod have 3.
5. a kind of 3D printing concrete constructions system safety testing device according to claim 1,2 or 3, which is characterized in that described
Load container is made of plastic tube, the plastic tube upper opening, lower part closing.
6. a kind of 3D printing concrete constructions system safety testing device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the plastic tube
Outer diameter is 1-2mm smaller than the internal diameter of the hollow cylinder.
7. a kind of 3D printing concrete constructions system safety testing device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that described at mould mould
Tool is cylinder, and internal diameter is equal with the outer diameter of the plastic tube.
8. a kind of 3D printing concrete constructions system safety testing device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described two to swash
Optical displacement sensor is respectively used to measure the transversely deforming amount of the cement mortar model and longitudinal deformation amount, and the display screen is for showing
Show the distance that described two laser displacement sensors measure.
9. a kind of 3D printing concrete constructions test method, which is characterized in that utilize 3D printing concrete constructions test dress
Set test 3D printing concrete vertically and laterally flexible value;
The 3D printing concrete constructions system safety testing device includes:Bracket, load container, at mould mold, laser displacement inspecting instrument；
The frame upper is support sleeve, and bottom is bottom plate, and the support sleeve is fixedly connected by support rod with bottom plate；The load holds
Device upper opening, bottom closing, the load container are threaded through in the support sleeve；It is described to be tested for making at mould mold
Cement mortar model；The laser displacement inspecting instrument includes two laser displacement sensors and a display screen, the longitudinal direction laser
Sensor is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the load container, and lateral laser sensor is arranged by removable fixed device the bottom of at
On plate, the display screen connects described two laser displacement sensors by conducting wire；
Testing 3D printing concrete, vertically specific step is as follows with laterally flexible value：
（1）Take out into mould Mold Making cement mortar model, the cement mortar model be placed on bracket bottom plate, and with load container pair
Together, laser sensor position is adjusted, it is ensured that straight down, the laser level of lateral pickup is in the laser of longitudinal sensor
1/2 eminence of cement mortar model, and intersect with the center line of cement mortar model；
（2）Load is added for the first time and is measured：Laser displacement inspecting instrument is opened, each loaded weight M is setX, load interval time
T loads number M, weighs（MXLoad container weight）The load of g reads laser displacement inspecting at the uniform velocity in addition load container
The registration and record of instrument；
（3）It loads and measures for the second time：According to step（2）, weigh MXLoad container is added in the load of weight；
（4）Repetitive operation step（3）, until load number reaches M times, then read the registration and record of laser displacement inspecting instrument.
10. test method according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the load be water, can according to the thickness of printing,
Adjust the weight for adding water every time.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810855948.3A CN108827827B (en) | 2018-07-31 | 2018-07-31 | 3D printing concrete constructability testing device and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810855948.3A CN108827827B (en) | 2018-07-31 | 2018-07-31 | 3D printing concrete constructability testing device and method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108827827A true CN108827827A (en) | 2018-11-16 |
| CN108827827B CN108827827B (en) | 2020-10-30 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110243678A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-09-17 | 同济大学 | A kind of 3D printing building mortar builds device for evaluating performance and method |
| JP2021006767A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2021-01-21 | 前田建設工業株式会社 | Self-standability evaluation device and evaluation method of cement-based material |
| CN114136840A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-03-04 | 中国建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司 | 3D printing concrete constructability detection device and method |
| CN114895006A (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-08-12 | 郑州大学 | Test method for testing constructability of 3D printed concrete |
| CN114895005A (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-08-12 | 河南城建学院 | 3D printed concrete constructability test method |
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| CN110243678A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-09-17 | 同济大学 | A kind of 3D printing building mortar builds device for evaluating performance and method |
| CN110243678B (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2020-06-26 | 同济大学 | 3D printing building mortar construction performance evaluation device and method |
| JP2021006767A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2021-01-21 | 前田建設工業株式会社 | Self-standability evaluation device and evaluation method of cement-based material |
| CN114136840A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-03-04 | 中国建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司 | 3D printing concrete constructability detection device and method |
| CN114895006A (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-08-12 | 郑州大学 | Test method for testing constructability of 3D printed concrete |
| CN114895005A (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-08-12 | 河南城建学院 | 3D printed concrete constructability test method |
| CN114895006B (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2024-03-19 | 郑州大学 | Test method for testing 3D printed concrete constructability |
| CN114895005B (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2024-09-03 | 河南城建学院 | 3D printed concrete constructability test method |
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