CN108301821B - Horizontal well liquid carrying visualization experiment device and method - Google Patents
Horizontal well liquid carrying visualization experiment device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108301821B CN108301821B CN201810104600.0A CN201810104600A CN108301821B CN 108301821 B CN108301821 B CN 108301821B CN 201810104600 A CN201810104600 A CN 201810104600A CN 108301821 B CN108301821 B CN 108301821B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/002—Survey of boreholes or wells by visual inspection
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/166—Injecting a gaseous medium; Injecting a gaseous medium and a liquid medium
- E21B43/168—Injecting a gaseous medium
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/20—Displacing by water
Abstract
The invention discloses a horizontal well liquid carrying visual experiment device and a method, wherein the device comprises: oiling system, water injection system, gas injection system, simulation well segment, gas-liquid mixer and visual system, the oiling system includes: the system comprises an oil tank, a gas-oil separator, a first centrifugal pump, an oil way throttle valve and a first flowmeter; the water injection system includes: the water tank, the gas-water separator, the second centrifugal pump, the waterway regulating valve and the second flowmeter; the gas injection system includes: the system comprises an air compressor, an air storage tank, a first air path throttling valve, a freezing type dryer, a second air path throttling valve, a pressure gauge and a gas flowmeter; the simulated wellbore section comprises: the system comprises a straight well section, an orientation section, a horizontal section, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a pressure regulating valve, wherein the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor and the pressure regulating valve are arranged in a simulation well section; the gas-liquid mixer is provided with a liquid discharge valve; the visualization system includes: and the particle imaging speed measurement system is connected with the control unit through the switch. The invention can complete the research on the influence of the condensate oil in the process of carrying water by gas of the horizontal well.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of natural gas exploitation, in particular to a horizontal well liquid carrying visual experiment device and method.
Background
Different from a conventional gas reservoir, the condensate gas is stored in the production process, and along with the reduction of the formation energy and the bottom hole pressure, formation water or condensate oil can be produced, working conditions such as oil production or oil-water co-production and the like occur, and oil-gas two-phase flow or oil-gas-water three-phase flow is formed in a shaft. When the upper return gas flow is not enough to carry the liquid phase out of the shaft, liquid accumulation is generated at the bottom of the shaft, on one hand, the production is greatly reduced, even the production is stopped, on the other hand, the water content of a reservoir layer in a near wellbore area is increased, and the gas phase permeability is seriously reduced.
With the great increase of horizontal wells in the condensate gas reservoir development process, in order to realize stable production, a working system of the condensate gas reservoir must be reasonably designed, and the horizontal wells can be guaranteed to normally carry liquid. Whether the horizontal well can normally carry liquid depends on whether the gas flow is larger than the critical flow. In particular, in the case of gas wells that produce water and simultaneously precipitate condensate, it is necessary to determine the influence of the condensate on the liquid carrying and how the water specifically affects the liquid carrying. However, the conventional experimental apparatus cannot complete the above-described research.
At present, scholars such as Weina, Show cotton, Wangchen, Zhao and the like respectively provide water carrying visual experiment devices of conventional effluent gas reservoir vertical wells, directional wells and horizontal wells, and carry out experimental research, thereby demonstrating the reliability of a liquid drop model and a liquid film model and obtaining the critical liquid carrying flow based on different models. However, current research on experimental devices is limited to conventional water producing gas wells. If condensate oil exists in the process of carrying water by gas, whether the condensate oil has influence on the critical liquid carrying flow or not is judged, and the influence is great; when the gas carries oil or oil water, the liquid film model and the liquid drop model are more reliable; in the condensate gas reservoir horizontal well liquid carrying process, which of the straight well section, the directional section and the horizontal section has the worst liquid carrying capacity and the largest required critical flow is still a less involved research field.
Therefore, the design of the horizontal well liquid carrying visual experiment device which is more attached to the actual working condition has important significance for the research of the liquid carrying mechanism.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a horizontal well liquid carrying visual experiment device and a horizontal well liquid carrying visual experiment method, which can overcome the defects in the prior art, utilize the horizontal well liquid carrying visual experiment device to research the influence of condensate oil in the gas water carrying process of a horizontal well, obtain the flow pattern change of a liquid phase, determine the strong and weak liquid carrying capacity of three well sections, namely a straight well section, a directional section and a horizontal section and the critical liquid carrying flow of the horizontal well, and have a certain guiding function on improving the reasonable production allocation and the final recovery ratio of a field condensate gas reservoir horizontal well.
The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:
a horizontal well liquid carrying visualization experiment device comprises:
an oil injection system, a water injection system, a gas injection system, a simulation well section, a gas-liquid mixer and a visualization system which are respectively communicated with the oil injection system, the water injection system, the gas injection system and the simulation well section,
the oiling system includes: the oil tank, the gas-oil separator, the first centrifugal pump, the oil way throttle valve and the first flowmeter are connected in sequence;
the water injection system comprises: the water tank, the gas-water separator, the second centrifugal pump, the water path regulating valve and the second flowmeter are connected in sequence;
the gas injection system includes: the air compressor, the air storage tank, the first air path throttling valve, the freezing type dryer, the second air path throttling valve, the pressure gauge and the gas flowmeter are sequentially connected;
the simulated wellbore section comprises: the system comprises a straight well section, an orientation section, a horizontal section, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a pressure regulating valve, wherein the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor and the pressure regulating valve are arranged in the simulation well section;
the gas-liquid mixer is provided with a liquid discharge valve;
the visualization system includes: the particle imaging speed measurement system is connected with the control unit through the switch.
In a preferred embodiment, the straight well section, the directional section and the horizontal section are formed by organic glass tubes, a first bent hose is arranged between the straight well section and the directional section, and a second bent hose is arranged between the directional section and the horizontal section.
In a preferred embodiment, the visualization system further comprises: three sections of sliding rods and three pairs of supports are respectively arranged on the straight well section, the directional section and the horizontal section.
In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of drainage filters are arranged on the pipeline connected with the freeze dryer, and a drying agent is arranged in the drainage filters.
In a preferred embodiment, a safety valve is further provided on the gas storage tank.
In a preferred embodiment, a bleed air throttle valve is further disposed in a pipeline connecting the air compressor and the air storage tank.
In a preferred embodiment, an oil way check valve is further arranged at the position where the oil injection system is connected with the gas-liquid mixer; and a waterway one-way valve is also arranged at the position where the water injection system is connected with the gas-liquid mixer.
An experiment method of the horizontal well liquid carrying visualization experiment device comprises the following steps:
closing the second air path throttling valve, the water path throttling valve, the oil path throttling valve and the liquid discharge valve, opening the pressure regulating valve and determining the pressure of the well head;
opening a second centrifugal pump and a waterway throttle valve, injecting water into a gas-liquid mixer, adjusting the inflow rate, and injecting compressed gas into a gas storage tank by using an air compressor when the water amount in the gas-liquid mixer reaches a preset value;
keeping the injection water pressure unchanged, adjusting the injection gas amount until a straight well section, an oriented section and a horizontal section in the simulation well section reach a stable continuous liquid carrying state, and obtaining the injection gas flow, the injection water flow, the simulation well section pressure, the pressure difference and the temperature at the moment; and the flow pattern changes of the liquid phase flowing in the vertical well section, the directional section and the horizontal section are captured by a particle imaging speed measuring system.
In a preferred embodiment, the method further comprises:
opening a drain valve, and emptying water in the simulation well section; and adjusting the pressure regulating valve to improve the pressure value of the wellhead, or adjusting the first bent hose and the second bent hose to change the inclination angle of the orientation section, and repeating the experiment steps.
An experiment method based on the horizontal well liquid carrying visualization experiment device comprises the following steps:
closing the second air path throttling valve, the water path throttling valve, the oil path throttling valve and the liquid discharge valve, opening the pressure regulating valve and determining the pressure of the well head;
opening the first centrifugal pump and the oil path throttle valve, injecting oil into the gas-liquid mixer, and adjusting the oil inlet flow; when the oil amount in the gas-liquid mixer reaches a preset value, injecting compressed gas into a gas storage tank by using an air compressor;
keeping the injected oil pressure unchanged, adjusting the injected gas quantity until the straight well section, the directional section and the horizontal section in the simulated well section reach stable continuous liquid carrying states, obtaining the injected gas flow, the injected oil flow, the pressure difference and the temperature of the simulated well section at the moment, and snapshotting the flow pattern change of the liquid phase flowing in the straight well section, the directional section and the horizontal section through a particle imaging speed measuring system.
In a preferred embodiment, the method further comprises:
closing the drain valve and emptying oil in the simulation well section; and adjusting the pressure regulating valve to improve the pressure value of the wellhead, or adjusting the first bent hose and the second bent hose to change the inclination angle of the orientation section, and repeating the experiment steps.
An experiment method based on the horizontal well liquid carrying visualization experiment device comprises the following steps:
closing the second air path throttle valve, the water path throttle valve, the oil path throttle valve and the liquid discharge valve; opening the pressure regulating valve to determine wellhead pressure;
opening the first centrifugal pump, the second centrifugal pump, the oil path throttling valve and the water path throttling valve, injecting water and oil into the gas-liquid mixer, and adjusting the flow value of the oil and water; when the oil quantity and the water quantity of the gas-liquid mixer reach preset values, injecting compressed gas into a gas storage tank by using an air compressor;
keeping the injection water pressure and the oil pressure unchanged, adjusting the injection gas amount until a straight well section, an oriented section and a horizontal section in the simulation well section reach a stable critical liquid carrying state, and obtaining the injection gas flow, the injection water flow, the injection oil flow, the simulation well section pressure, the differential pressure and the temperature at the moment; and the flow pattern changes of the liquid phase flowing in the vertical well section, the directional section and the horizontal section are captured by a particle imaging speed measuring system.
In a preferred embodiment, the method further comprises:
opening a drain valve, and emptying oil and water in the simulation well section; and adjusting the pressure regulating valve to improve the pressure value of the wellhead, or adjusting the first bent hose and the second bent hose to change the inclination angle of the orientation section, and repeating the experiment steps.
The invention has the characteristics and advantages that: the horizontal well liquid carrying visual experiment device and method provided by the application are through setting up oiling system, water injection system, gas injection system, simulation well section, respectively with gas-liquid mixer and visual system that oiling system, water injection system, gas injection system and simulation well section are linked together, not only can study the liquid mechanism of carrying of conventional play water gas reservoir horizontal well, but also can study condensate gas reservoir horizontal well and the liquid mechanism of carrying of different inclination directional wells, both can do the experiment of gas-water two-phase flow, also can do the experiment of gas-oil two-phase flow, can also do the experiment of oil-gas-water three-phase flow, the effect that the device simulated is similar with on-the-spot actual work condition, the result and the conclusion that the experiment was obtained are more accurate. Specifically, the method can be used for researching the influence of condensate oil in the water carrying process of the gas of the horizontal well, acquiring the flow pattern change of a liquid phase, determining the strong and weak liquid carrying capacity of three well sections, namely a straight well section, a directional section and a horizontal section and the critical liquid carrying flow of the horizontal well, and has a certain guiding effect on improving the reasonable production allocation and the final recovery ratio of the field condensate gas reservoir horizontal well.
Specific embodiments of the present application are disclosed in detail with reference to the following description and drawings, indicating the manner in which the principles of the application may be employed. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application are not so limited in scope. The embodiments of the application include many variations, modifications and equivalents within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Features that are described and/or illustrated with respect to one embodiment may be used in the same way or in a similar way in one or more other embodiments, in combination with or instead of the features of the other embodiments.
It should be emphasized that the term "comprises/comprising" when used herein, is taken to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps or components but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps or components.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a horizontal well liquid carrying visualization experiment device in an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of steps of a horizontal well liquid carrying visualization experiment method according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating steps of another horizontal well liquid carrying visualization experiment method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a flow chart illustrating steps of another horizontal well liquid carrying visualization experiment method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Description of reference numerals:
1-an air compressor, 2-an air discharge throttle valve, 3-an air storage tank, 4-a safety valve, 5-a first air path throttle valve, 6-a drainage filter, 7-a freeze dryer, 8-a second air path throttle valve, 9-a pressure gauge, 10-a gas flow meter, 11-a gas-liquid mixer, 12-an oil tank, 13-a gas-oil separator, 14-a first centrifugal pump, 15-an oil path throttle valve, 16-a first turbine flow meter, 17-an oil path check valve, 18-a water tank, 19-a gas-water separator, 20-a second centrifugal pump, 21-a water path throttle valve, 22-a second turbine flow meter, 23-a water path check valve, 24-a particle imaging speed measuring system, 25-a switch and 26-a control unit, 27-a pressure sensor, 28-a thermometer, 29-a pressure regulating valve, 30-a slide rod, 31-an organic glass tube, 32-a support, 33-a first bent hose, 34-a second bent hose and 35-a drain valve.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various equivalent modifications of the present invention by those skilled in the art after reading the present invention fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.
The invention provides a horizontal well liquid carrying visual experiment device and method, which can overcome the defects in the prior art, and the horizontal well liquid carrying visual experiment device and method can be used for researching the influence of condensate oil in the horizontal well gas water carrying process, acquiring the flow pattern change of a liquid phase, determining the strong and weak liquid carrying capacity of three well sections, namely a straight well section, a directional section and a horizontal section and the critical liquid carrying flow of a horizontal well, and having a certain guiding effect on improving the reasonable production allocation and the final recovery ratio of a field condensate gas reservoir horizontal well.
Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present application, a horizontal well liquid carrying visualization experiment apparatus is provided, which may include: oiling system, water injection system, gas injection system, simulation well segment, respectively with gas-liquid mixer 11 and the visual system that oiling system, water injection system, gas injection system and simulation well segment are linked together, wherein, oiling system includes: the system comprises an oil tank 12, a gas-oil separator 13, a first centrifugal pump 14, an oil path throttling valve 15 and a first flowmeter which are connected in sequence, wherein the first flowmeter can be a turbine flowmeter; the water injection system comprises: the water tank 18, the gas-water separator 19, the second centrifugal pump 20, the waterway regulating valve and the second flowmeter are connected in sequence, wherein the second flowmeter can be a turbine flowmeter; the gas injection system includes: the system comprises an air compressor 1, an air storage tank 3, a first air path throttling valve 5, a freezing type dryer 7, a second air path throttling valve 8, a pressure gauge 9 and a gas flowmeter 10 which are connected in sequence; the simulated wellbore section comprises: a straight well section, an oriented section and a horizontal section, and a pressure sensor 27, a temperature sensor and a pressure regulating valve 29 which are arranged in the simulation well section; the gas-liquid mixer 11 is provided with a liquid discharge valve 35; the visualization system includes: the particle imaging velocimetry system 24, the particle imaging velocimetry system 24 are connected with the control unit 26 through the switch 25.
In this embodiment, the control unit 26 may be a device with certain data storage and processing capabilities, such as a PC computer, a single chip microcomputer, or the like.
In one embodiment, the straight section, the directional section and the horizontal section are formed by organic glass tubes 31, a first bent hose 33 is arranged between the straight section and the directional section, and a second bent hose 34 is arranged between the directional section and the horizontal section.
In the embodiment, in order to realize the test of the liquid carrying capacity of the horizontal well and the directional wells with different inclination angles, a first bent hose 33 and a second bent hose 34 are respectively arranged between the vertical well section and the directional section and between the directional section and the horizontal section of the organic glass tube 31, and the first bent hose 33 and the second bent hose 34 are matched with each other.
Specifically, the horizontal well liquid carrying visualization experiment device mainly comprises an oil injection system, a water injection system, a gas injection system, a simulation well section, a gas-liquid mixer 11 and a visualization system, wherein the oil injection system comprises an oil tank 12, a gas-oil separator 13, a first centrifugal pump 14, an oil path throttling valve 15, a first turbine flowmeter 16 and an oil path one-way valve 17, the water injection system comprises a water tank 18, a gas-water separator 19, a second centrifugal pump 20, a water path throttling valve 21, a second turbine flowmeter 22 and a water path one-way valve 23 which are sequentially communicated, the gas injection system comprises an air compressor 1, a gas discharge throttling valve 2 and a gas storage tank 3, wherein for convenient and safe use of multiple measurements, the gas storage tank 3 can be provided with a safety valve 4, a first gas path throttling valve 5, a drainage filter 6, a freezing dryer 7, a second gas path throttling valve 8, a pressure gauge 9 and a gas flowmeter 10, the simulated well section comprises a drain valve 35, an organic glass tube 31, a first bent hose 33, a second bent hose 34, a pressure sensor 27, a thermometer 28 and a pressure regulating valve 29, and the visualization system comprises a particle imaging velocimetry system 24, a switch 25 and a control unit 26. To support a straight section, an oriented section, and a horizontal section of a simulated wellbore section, the visualization system further comprises: three sections of slide rods 30 and three pairs of supports 32 are provided in the vertical section, the directional section and the horizontal section, respectively.
An oil way check valve 17 is arranged at the position where the oil injection system is connected with the gas-liquid mixer 11; or a waterway one-way valve 23 arranged at the position where the water injection system is connected with the gas-liquid mixer 11 can prevent oil or water from flowing backwards in the injection process.
According to the horizontal well liquid carrying visualization experiment device, the oil injection system, the water injection system, the gas injection system, the simulation well section, the gas-liquid mixer 11 and the visualization system are arranged, the gas-liquid mixer 11 is respectively communicated with the oil injection system, the water injection system, the gas injection system and the simulation well section, a liquid carrying mechanism of a conventional water-gas reservoir horizontal well can be researched, a liquid carrying mechanism of a condensate gas reservoir horizontal well and directional wells with different inclination angles can be researched, a gas-water two-phase flow experiment can be carried out, a gas-oil two-phase flow experiment can also be carried out, an oil-gas-water three-phase flow experiment can be carried out, the simulated effect of the device is similar to the actual working condition on site, and the result and conclusion obtained by the experiment are more accurate. Specifically, the method can be used for researching the influence of condensate oil in the water carrying process of the gas of the horizontal well, acquiring the flow pattern change of a liquid phase, determining the strong and weak liquid carrying capacity of three well sections, namely a straight well section, a directional section and a horizontal section and the critical liquid carrying flow of the horizontal well, and has a certain guiding effect on improving the reasonable production allocation and the final recovery ratio of the field condensate gas reservoir horizontal well.
In one embodiment, a bleed throttle valve 2 is further disposed in a pipeline connecting the air compressor 1 and the air tank 3. After the experiment, the gas in the gas holder 3 is released by the aid of the gas release throttle valve 2, and the next experiment is conveniently carried out.
In one embodiment, a plurality of drain filters 6 are provided in a pipe connected to the freeze dryer 7, and a desiccant is provided in the drain filters 6.
In the present embodiment, a plurality of drainage filters 6 are attached to the piping of the freeze dryer 7, and a desiccant such as charcoal is placed therein to improve the drying water absorption capacity of the freeze dryer 7.
Referring to fig. 2 in combination, based on the horizontal well liquid carrying visualization experiment apparatus provided by the present application, the present application further provides a horizontal well liquid carrying visualization experiment method, which may include:
step S101: closing the second air path throttle valve 8, the water path throttle valve 21, the oil path throttle valve 15 and the drain valve 35, opening the pressure regulating valve 29 and determining the wellhead pressure;
step S102: opening a second centrifugal pump 20 and a waterway throttle valve 21, injecting water into a gas-liquid mixer 11, adjusting the inflow rate, and injecting compressed gas into a gas storage tank 3 by using an air compressor 1 when the water amount in the gas-liquid mixer 11 reaches a preset value;
step S103: keeping the injection water pressure unchanged, adjusting the injection gas amount until a straight well section, an oriented section and a horizontal section in the simulation well section reach a stable continuous liquid carrying state, and obtaining the injection gas flow, the injection water flow, the simulation well section pressure, the pressure difference and the temperature at the moment; and the flow pattern changes of the liquid phase flowing in the straight well section, the directional section and the horizontal section are captured by the particle imaging speed measuring system 24.
Further, the horizontal well liquid carrying visualization experiment method can further comprise the following steps:
step S104: opening a drain valve 35 to drain water in the simulation well section; adjusting the pressure regulating valve 29 to increase the pressure value of the wellhead, or adjusting the first bent hose 33 and the second bent hose 34 to change the inclination angle of the orientation section, and repeating the above experimental steps. Specifically, the horizontal well liquid carrying visualization experiment method can be applied to conventional gas reservoirs, namely under the water production working condition.
Example 1: the method is a visual experiment of the liquid carrying mechanism of the horizontal well in the conventional gas reservoir (water production working condition). Before the experiment, the first bent hose 33 and the second bent hose 34 are adjusted to enable the orientation section to have a fixed inclination angle; the second air passage throttle valve 8, the water passage throttle valve 21, the oil passage throttle valve 15, and the drain valve 35 are closed. When the experiment is started, the pressure regulating valve 29 is opened to determine the wellhead pressure; opening a second centrifugal pump 20 and a waterway throttle valve 21, injecting water into the gas-liquid mixer 11, and adjusting the inflow rate; when the water amount in the gas-liquid mixer 11 reaches a preset value, compressed gas is injected into the gas storage tank 3 by the air compressor 1, the air compressor 1 and the gas storage tank 3 are linkage devices, namely when the pressure in the gas storage tank 3 is smaller than a specified value, the air compressor 1 can be automatically opened and supplies gas for the gas storage tank 3, so that the stability of a gas source is ensured, the pressure gauge 9 can measure the pressure of experimental gas, and the gas flowmeter 10 can measure the flow rate of the experimental gas; in the experimental process, the injection water pressure is kept unchanged, the injection gas amount is adjusted until three well sections, namely a straight well section, an oriented section and a horizontal section in the simulation well section 31 reach a stable continuous liquid carrying state (a water phase stays temporarily under the action of gravity and then is carried and rises again under the action of air flow), the relevant data of the injection gas flow, the injection water flow, the simulation well section pressure, the differential pressure, the temperature and the like at the moment are recorded, and the injection gas flow is the critical liquid carrying flow in the state. A particle imaging speed measuring system 24 is used for capturing flow pattern changes of a liquid phase flowing in a vertical well section, a directional section and a horizontal section, and image data are transmitted to a control unit 26 through an exchanger 25; then, the drain valve 35 is changed to drain the water in the simulated well section; and changing the pressure regulating valve 29 to increase the pressure value of the wellhead, or adjusting the first bent hose 33 and the second bent hose 34 to change the inclination angle of the orientation section, and repeating the experimental steps.
Referring to fig. 3, based on the horizontal well liquid carrying visualization experiment apparatus provided by the present application, the present application further provides a horizontal well liquid carrying visualization experiment method, which may include:
step S111: closing the second air path throttle valve 8, the water path throttle valve 21, the oil path throttle valve 15 and the drain valve 35, opening the pressure regulating valve 29 and determining the wellhead pressure;
step S112: opening the first centrifugal pump 14 and the oil path throttle valve 15, filling oil into the gas-liquid mixer 11, and adjusting the oil inlet flow; when the oil amount in the gas-liquid mixer 11 reaches a predetermined value, injecting compressed gas into the gas storage tank 3 by using the air compressor 1;
step S113: keeping the injected oil pressure unchanged, adjusting the injected gas amount until the straight well section, the directional section and the horizontal section in the simulated well section reach stable continuous liquid carrying states, obtaining the injected gas flow, the injected oil flow, the pressure difference and the temperature of the simulated well section at the moment, and snapshotting the flow pattern change of the liquid phase flowing in the straight well section, the directional section and the horizontal section through the particle imaging speed measuring system 24.
Further, the horizontal well liquid carrying visualization experiment method can further comprise the following steps:
step S114: closing the drain valve 35 and draining the simulated well section; adjusting the pressure regulating valve 29 to increase the pressure value of the wellhead, or adjusting the first bent hose 33 and the second bent hose 34 to change the inclination angle of the orientation section, and repeating the above experimental steps. Specifically, the horizontal well liquid carrying visualization experiment method can be applied to condensate gas reservoirs, namely under the working condition of oil production.
Referring to fig. 4, based on the horizontal well liquid carrying visualization experiment apparatus provided by the present application, the present application further provides a horizontal well liquid carrying visualization experiment method, which may include:
step S121: closing the second air path throttle valve 8, the water path throttle valve 21, the oil path throttle valve 15 and the drain valve 35; opening the pressure regulating valve 29 to determine the wellhead pressure;
step S122: opening the first centrifugal pump 14, the second centrifugal pump 20, the oil path throttle valve 15 and the water path throttle valve 21, injecting water and oil into the gas-liquid mixer 11, and adjusting the flow value of the oil and water; when the oil quantity and the water quantity of the gas-liquid mixer 11 reach preset values, compressed gas is injected into the gas storage tank 3 by the air compressor 1;
step S123: keeping the injection water pressure and the oil pressure unchanged, adjusting the injection gas amount until a straight well section, an oriented section and a horizontal section in the simulation well section reach a stable critical liquid carrying state, and obtaining the injection gas flow, the injection water flow, the injection oil flow, the simulation well section pressure, the differential pressure and the temperature at the moment; and the flow pattern changes of the liquid phase flowing in the straight well section, the directional section and the horizontal section are captured by the particle imaging speed measuring system 24.
Further, the horizontal well liquid carrying visualization experiment method can further comprise the following steps:
step S124: opening a drain valve 35 to drain oil and water in the simulation well section; adjusting the pressure regulating valve 29 to increase the pressure value of the wellhead, or adjusting the first bent hose 33 and the second bent hose 34 to change the inclination angle of the orientation section, and repeating the above experimental steps. Specifically, the horizontal well liquid carrying visualization experiment method can be applied to condensate gas reservoirs, namely oil-water co-production working conditions.
The horizontal well liquid carrying visual experiment device provided by the invention can be used for researching the liquid carrying mechanism of a conventional effluent gas reservoir horizontal well, researching the liquid carrying mechanism of a condensate gas reservoir horizontal well and directional wells with different inclination angles, performing gas-water two-phase flow experiments, gas-oil two-phase flow experiments and oil-gas-water three-phase flow experiments, wherein the simulated effect of the device is similar to the actual working condition on site, and the result and conclusion obtained by the experiments are more accurate. Specifically, the method can be used for researching the influence of condensate oil in the water carrying process of the gas of the horizontal well, acquiring the flow pattern change of a liquid phase, determining the strong and weak liquid carrying capacity of three well sections, namely a straight well section, a directional section and a horizontal section and the critical liquid carrying flow of the horizontal well, and has a certain guiding effect on improving the reasonable production allocation and the final recovery ratio of the field condensate gas reservoir horizontal well.
The above embodiments in the present specification are all described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other, and each embodiment is described with emphasis on being different from other embodiments.
The above description is only a few embodiments of the present invention, and although the embodiments of the present invention are described above, the above description is only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an experimental method based on horizontal well liquid carrying visualization experiment device, its characterized in that, horizontal well liquid carrying visualization experiment device is used for using in condensate gas reservoir, horizontal well liquid carrying visualization experiment device includes:
an oil injection system, a water injection system, a gas injection system, a simulation well section, a gas-liquid mixer and a visualization system which are respectively communicated with the oil injection system, the water injection system, the gas injection system and the simulation well section,
the oiling system includes: the oil tank, the gas-oil separator, the first centrifugal pump, the oil way throttle valve and the first flowmeter are connected in sequence;
the water injection system comprises: the water tank, the gas-water separator, the second centrifugal pump, the water path regulating valve and the second flowmeter are connected in sequence;
the gas injection system includes: the air compressor, the air storage tank, the first air path throttling valve, the freezing type dryer, the second air path throttling valve, the pressure gauge and the gas flowmeter are sequentially connected;
the simulated wellbore section comprises: the system comprises a straight well section, an orientation section, a horizontal section, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a pressure regulating valve, wherein the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor and the pressure regulating valve are arranged in the simulation well section; the straight well section, the directional section and the horizontal section are formed by organic glass tubes, a first bent hose is arranged between the straight well section and the directional section, and a second bent hose is arranged between the directional section and the horizontal section;
the gas-liquid mixer is provided with a liquid discharge valve;
the visualization system includes: the particle imaging speed measurement system is connected with the control unit through a switch;
under the oil production working condition, the experimental method comprises the following steps:
closing the second air path throttling valve, the water path throttling valve, the oil path throttling valve and the liquid discharge valve, opening the pressure regulating valve and determining the pressure of the well head;
opening the first centrifugal pump and the oil path throttle valve, injecting oil into the gas-liquid mixer, and adjusting the oil inlet flow; when the oil amount in the gas-liquid mixer reaches a preset value, injecting compressed gas into a gas storage tank by using an air compressor;
keeping the injected oil pressure unchanged, adjusting the injected gas volume until a straight well section, an oriented section and a horizontal section in the simulated well section reach stable continuous liquid carrying states, obtaining the injected gas flow, the injected oil flow, the pressure difference and the temperature of the simulated well section at the moment, and snapshotting the flow pattern change of a liquid phase flowing in the straight well section, the oriented section and the horizontal section through a particle imaging speed measuring system;
closing the drain valve and emptying oil in the simulation well section; adjusting the pressure regulating valve to improve the pressure value of the wellhead, or adjusting the first bent hose and the second bent hose to change the inclination angle of the orientation section, and repeating the experiment steps;
under the working condition of oil-water co-production, the experimental method comprises the following steps:
closing the second air path throttle valve, the water path throttle valve, the oil path throttle valve and the liquid discharge valve; opening the pressure regulating valve to determine wellhead pressure;
opening the first centrifugal pump, the second centrifugal pump, the oil path throttling valve and the water path throttling valve, injecting water and oil into the gas-liquid mixer, and adjusting the flow value of the oil and water; when the oil quantity and the water quantity of the gas-liquid mixer reach preset values, injecting compressed gas into a gas storage tank by using an air compressor;
keeping the injection water pressure and the oil pressure unchanged, adjusting the injection gas amount until a straight well section, an oriented section and a horizontal section in the simulation well section reach a stable critical liquid carrying state, and obtaining the injection gas flow, the injection water flow, the injection oil flow, the simulation well section pressure, the differential pressure and the temperature at the moment; capturing flow pattern changes of a liquid phase flowing in a vertical well section, a directional section and a horizontal section through a particle imaging speed measuring system;
opening a drain valve, and emptying oil and water in the simulation well section; and adjusting the pressure regulating valve to improve the pressure value of the wellhead, or adjusting the first bent hose and the second bent hose to change the inclination angle of the orientation section, and repeating the experiment steps.
2. The horizontal well liquid carrying visualization experiment device-based experiment method according to claim 1, wherein the visualization system further comprises: three sections of sliding rods and three pairs of supports are respectively arranged on the straight well section, the directional section and the horizontal section.
3. The horizontal well liquid carrying visualization experiment device-based experiment method according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of drainage filters are arranged on a pipeline connected with the freeze dryer, and drying agents are arranged in the drainage filters.
4. The horizontal well liquid carrying visualization experiment device-based experiment method according to claim 1, wherein a safety valve is further arranged on the gas storage tank.
5. The horizontal well liquid carrying visualization experiment device-based experiment method according to claim 4, wherein a gas discharge throttle valve is further arranged in a pipeline through which the air compressor is communicated with the air storage tank.
6. The horizontal well liquid carrying visualization experiment device-based experiment method according to claim 1, wherein an oil way check valve is further arranged at a position where the oil injection system is connected with the gas-liquid mixer; and a waterway one-way valve is also arranged at the position where the water injection system is connected with the gas-liquid mixer.
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| CN109915125A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-06-21 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of snakelike horizontal well air water, oil-water two-phase flow imitative experimental appliance and method |
| CN110331975B (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2022-11-22 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司湛江分公司 | Gas accumulation simulation experiment device and experiment method thereof |
| CN112145163A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2020-12-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Experimental device and experimental method for simulating staged fracturing horizontal well foam discharging process |
| CN111852446A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-10-30 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Physical simulation experiment device for gas well accumulated liquid |
| CN112031746A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-12-04 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Horizontal well full-wellbore gas-liquid flow visual simulation device and method and parameter selection method |
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