CN108295558B - Preparation process of filter aid - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation process of a filter aid, which belongs to the technical field of edible oil processing. The process comprises the following steps: A. First screening of a filter aid for oil pressing and leaching of dregs: screening through a 180-mesh screen, and removing more than 180-mesh filter aid. The powder of oil press leaching meal filter aid powder; B, secondary distillation and drying: the oil seed pressing leaching meal filter aid powder below 180 mesh obtained in step A is pre-desolventized, desolventized and dried to obtain leached meal C, crushing, the second screening: crushing the primary material of the leaching meal filter aid obtained in step B, and screening through the screen to obtain the finished filter aid; in step C, the fineness of the filter aid is Degree of 30-180 mesh, oil content of 0.8-2%. The filter aid in the invention has the advantages of being safe, easy to obtain, reliable, free from industrial pollution and good in filtering effect.

Description

A kind of preparation technology of filter aid

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of edible oil processing, and more particularly, to a preparation process of a filter aid.

Background technique

The edible oil industry uses filter aids mainly in crude oil filtration, semi-finished product filtration, dewaxing filtration, refined oil filtration, decolorization filtration, etc. The main varieties of filter aids are activated clay (for decolorization), diatomite (for dewaxing), perlite powder (for dewaxing and product oil filtration), etc.

The Chinese patent with the authorization announcement number of CN104403792B and the authorization announcement date of July 27, 2016 discloses a continuous multi-stage cooling and dewaxing method for oils and fats, and the method includes the following steps:

A. Add a predetermined proportion of filter aid to corn oil and mix well;

B, the corn oil that mixes described filter aid adopts the mode of overflowing one by one to enter a plurality of crystallizing tanks successively and carry out step-by-step cooling and crystallizing;

C, the corn oil in the multiple crystallizing tanks for raising the crystals is filtered one by one to remove the waxiness, and the dewaxing is completed;

Before the step A, it also includes: the corn oil is cooled to 12-15°C through a heat exchanger;

The filter aids include diatomite filter aids and perlite filter aids;

The predetermined ratio is 0.3-0.7% of the quality of corn oil;

The step A is specifically: detecting the flow of the corn oil when the corn oil enters the mixing tank, determining the added amount of the filter aid according to the flow rate of the corn oil, sucking the filter aid into the temporary storage tank through a fan, and controlling The valve flows the filter aid of the temporary storage tank into the graduated cylinder, and through the graduated cylinder, a predetermined amount of the filter aid is added to the mixing tank and mixed with the corn oil. The valves at the front and rear ends of the graduated cylinder are in accordance with the The valve is switched on and off at a specified time, and the filter aid flowing out of the valve of the measuring cylinder is a constant amount each time. In the measuring cylinder; the crystallizing tank in the step B has a cooling coil, and the frozen water is in the coil to gradually cool the corn oil.

The prior art has the advantage of fast filtration speed. However, the prior art adopts diatomite filter aid and perlite filter aid as filter aid, and both diatomite filter aid and perlite filter aid require industrialized special production. , production costs and environmental requirements are strict, and there are unfavorable factors such as the impact of food hygiene and safety to varying degrees. Therefore, the preparation of a filter aid that does not have any food safety and hygiene risk factors brought by industrial production and has a good filtering effect is a factor that needs to be considered in the design and planning process of edible oil production, and has high market application value.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the first objective of the present invention is to provide a process for preparing a filter aid, wherein the filter aid has the advantages of being safe, easy to obtain, reliable, free from industrial pollution, and good in filtering effect.

To achieve the above object one, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A preparation process of a filter aid, comprising the steps:

A. The first screening of the filter aid for oil press leaching: After screening with a 180-mesh sieve, remove the filter aid powder for oil pressing, leaching, and leaching more than 180 mesh;

B, secondary steaming, desolvation and drying: the leaching dregs filter aid of oil pressing below 180 mesh obtained in step A is subjected to pre-desolvation, desolvation and drying to obtain the leaching dregs filter aid primary material;

C, pulverizing, screening for the second time: pulverizing the initial material of the leaching meal filter aid obtained in step B, and screening through the screen to obtain the finished filter aid;

In the step C, the fineness of the filter aid is 30-180 mesh, and the oil content is 0.8-2%.

Through the above technical solution, in step A, the filter aid powder of the oil press leaching meal with more than 180 meshes is screened and removed, so that the particle fineness of the oil seed pressing leaching meal filter aid is relatively uniform, and is conducive to the smooth production of oil filtration; in addition, screening It is easier to form a filter cake during filtration, and it is not easy to loose the phenomenon of the filter aid prepared by the extracted oil press leaching meal filter aid.

In step B, pre-desolvation, desolubilization, and drying are combined with each other, thereby helping to further remove residual odor. After drying, the obtained leaching meal filter aid raw material can be loose in texture, which is convenient for step C. The fineness of the obtained filter aid is 30-180 mesh, the filter aid has a large surface area, and the oil content is 0.8-2%, which is beneficial to improve the filter aid effect of the filter aid.

The raw material used in this filter aid is oil press leaching meal filter aid, which is an oil meal obtained from fresh corn germ purchased from a large corn starch factory after pressing and leaching to make oil. The raw material is natural and free from industrial pollution. Moreover, the preparation process of the filter aid is safe, reliable and free from industrial pollution, and the obtained filter aid can be safely used in the food field.

It is further preferred that: in the step B, in the secondary evaporation, desolvation and drying, the temperature of the oil-seed pressing and leaching meal filter aid after the desolventization is 100-110°C, and the drying time is 25-38min, until the obtained The moisture content of the leaching meal filter aid raw material is 6-12%.

The above technical solution helps to reduce the water content of the leaching meal filter aid raw material to 6-12%, and the leaching meal filter aid raw material is suitable for one-time use and does not need to be reused.

It is further preferred that: in the step B, the drying time is 30-38 min, until the moisture content of the obtained leaching meal filter aid raw material is 6-8%.

Through the above technical scheme, the moisture content of the obtained leaching meal filter aid material is further reduced, and the water content is within the above range, and the leaching meal filter aid preliminary material can be used as a grease filtering aid after being crushed and sieved. Helps reduce the cost of oil extraction.

It is further preferred that the filter aid in the step C has a fineness of 30-160 mesh and the proportion of the filter aid to the total filter aid is 70-85%.

Through the above technical solutions, the larger fineness and the smaller fineness cooperate with each other, which helps to improve the filtering effect.

It is further preferred that: after the step C, the filter aid is subjected to secondary evaporation, dehydration and drying, and the secondary evaporation and drying includes pre-desolvation, desolvation and drying to obtain a finished filter aid dry material .

Through the above technical scheme, the residual dissolved odor is further removed, and the material is loosened by steam stripping and secondary drying, which is convenient for the next pulverization process and the surface area of the pulverized filter aid product is larger, which is beneficial to improve the effect of the filter aid.

It is further preferred that: in the step B, the pressure of pre-desolvation is 0.025MPa, the temperature of pre-desolvation is 81-85°C, and the time of pre-desolvation is 15-25min.

Through the above technical scheme, during pre-desolvation, the pressure, temperature and time are well controlled, which is helpful for the smooth leaching and production of the oil press leaching dregs filter aid, and helps the filter aid obtained in step C to reach a higher level. good filtering.

It is further preferred that: in the step B, the pre-desolvation includes a first-stage pre-desolvation, a second-stage pre-desolvation, and a third-stage pre-desolvation, and the pressure of the first-stage pre-desolvation is 0.03 MPa, and the temperature is 45-55°C, The time is 5-8min; the pressure of the second-stage pre-desolvation is 0.025MPa, the temperature is 81-85℃, and the time is 1-2min; the pressure of the third-stage pre-desolvation is 0.03MPa, the temperature is 70-75℃, and the time is 6-10min.

Through the above technical scheme, the pre-desolvation is divided into three sections, and after the pressure, temperature and time of each section are controlled, after desolvation, drying, pulverization and the second screening, the finally obtained meal filter aid has the same The water content and oil content during the period are generally reduced, and the use time is shorter, which is conducive to energy saving and environmental protection.

It is further preferred that: in the step C, after the second screening, the obtained filter aid with a fineness of not less than 180 meshes is screened, and the powder of the meal filter aid with a fineness greater than 180 meshes is screened out for making feed .

Through the above technical solution, after crushing, the filter aid with a fineness greater than 180 mesh is an ultrafine filter aid, which is not effective in filtering, but it will cause waste of resources if discarded. Therefore, the filter aid with a fineness greater than 180 mesh The finished product of the filter agent is screened and used to make feed, which is conducive to the rational use of resources and is conducive to sustainable development.

To sum up, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The filter aid for oil pressing and leaching meal is the oil meal obtained after fresh corn germ is pressed and leached to make oil. It belongs to the by-product of the oil itself, and has no external pollution, which can meet the hygiene and safety of food production to a large extent;

2. The price of oil press leaching meal filter aid is about 60% of that of diatomite filter aid, and the processing cost of the filter aid is low;

3. Since the filter aid itself is the product of the oil meal obtained after the fresh corn germ is pressed and leached to make oil, the obtained filter aid with smaller fineness can still be used to make feed, which is conducive to the rational use of resources and sustainable development;

4. The preparation process is not affected by external conditions, and the reaction conditions can be controlled and produced at any time;

5. During the pre-desolvation process of the oil press leaching filter aid, a three-stage treatment process is adopted, which can not only make the water content and oil content of the obtained filter aid in a good range, but also the temperature used in the three stages respectively. On the whole, it has decreased, and the time used is shorter, which helps to reduce energy consumption and achieve the effect of energy saving and environmental protection.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the preparation process of filter aid.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Embodiment 1: a preparation process of a filter aid, prepared by the following steps (refer to Figure 1):

A, the first screening of the oil press leaching meal filter aid obtained after the fresh corn germ is pressed-leaching to make oil: screened through a 180-mesh sieve to remove the oil seed pressing leaching meal filter aid powder above 180 mesh;

B, secondary evaporation, desolvation and drying: the oilseed leaching filter aid below 180 mesh obtained in step A is subjected to pre-desolvation, desolvation and drying; the pre-desolvation pressure is 0.025MPa, and the pre-desolvation The temperature is 81°C, and the pre-desolvation time is 25min; after the desolvation, the temperature of the oil press leaching meal filter aid is 103°C, and the drying time is 38min to obtain the leaching meal filter aid with a water content of 6-8%. initial material;

C, pulverization, the second screening: pulverize the initial material of the leaching meal filter aid obtained in step B, and screen through the screen to obtain the finished filter aid; screen the obtained filter aid with a fineness of not less than 80 meshes, Screen out the finished filter aid with a fineness of more than 180 meshes and use it to make feed.

Example 2: A preparation process of a filter aid, the difference from Example 1 is that in step A, the pressure of pre-desolvation is 0.025MPa, the temperature of pre-desolvation is 83°C, and the time of pre-desolvation is 22min .

Example 3: A preparation process of a filter aid, the difference from Example 1 is that in step A, the pressure of pre-desolvation is 0.025MPa, the temperature of pre-desolvation is 82°C, and the time of pre-desolvation is 19min .

Example 4: A preparation process of a filter aid, the difference from Example 1 is that in step A, the pre-desolvation pressure is 0.025MPa, the pre-desolvation temperature is 85°C, and the pre-desolvation time is 15min .

Example 5: A preparation process of a filter aid, the difference from Example 1 is that in step A, the temperature of the oil-seed pressing and leaching of the filter aid after desolubilization is 110° C., and the drying time is 38 minutes, and the obtained filter aid contains The initial material of the leaching meal filter aid with a water content of 6%.

Example 6: A preparation process of a filter aid, the difference from Example 1 is that, in step A, the temperature of the oil seed pressing and leaching the filter aid after desolubilization is 105° C. The initial material of the leaching meal filter aid with a water content of 8%.

Example 7: A preparation process of a filter aid, the difference from Example 1 is that, in step A, the temperature of the oil-seed pressing and leaching of the filter aid after desolubilization is 105° C., and the drying time is 35 minutes, and the obtained filter aid is obtained. The initial material of the leaching meal filter aid with a water content of 7%.

Example 8: A preparation process of a filter aid, the difference from Example 1 is that, in step A, the temperature of the oil-seed pressing and leaching filter aid after desolubilization is 100° C. The first material of the leaching meal filter aid with a water content of 12%.

Example 9: A preparation process of a filter aid, the difference from Example 1 is that in step B, the pre-desolvation includes one-stage pre-desolvation, two-stage pre-desolvation, and three-stage pre-desolvation. The pre-desolvation pressure was 0.03MPa, the temperature was 45℃, and the time was 8min; the pressure of the second-stage pre-desolvation was 0.025MPa, the temperature was 81℃, and the time was 2min; the pressure of the third-stage pre-desolvation was 0.03MPa, and the temperature was 70°C for 10 minutes.

Example 10: A preparation process of a filter aid, the difference from Example 1 is that in step B, the pre-desolvation includes one-stage pre-desolvation, two-stage pre-desolvation, and three-stage The pre-desolvation pressure was 0.03MPa, the temperature was 55°C, and the time was 5min; the pressure of the second-stage pre-desolvation was 0.025MPa, the temperature was 85°C, and the time was 1min; the pressure of the third-stage pre-desolvation was 0.03MPa, and the temperature was 75°C for 6 minutes.

Example 11: A preparation process of a filter aid, the difference from Example 1 is that in step B, the pre-desolvation includes one-stage pre-desolvation, two-stage pre-desolvation, and three-stage The pressure of pre-desolvation is 0.03MPa, the temperature is 50℃, and the time is 7min; the pressure of the second-stage pre-desolvation is 0.025MPa, the temperature is 83℃, and the time is 1min; the pressure of the third-stage pre-desolvation is 0.03MPa, and the temperature is 73°C for 8 minutes.

Comparative Example 1: The preparation process of a filter aid, the difference from Example 1 is that in step A, the first screening is not performed.

Comparative Example 2: A preparation process of a filter aid, the difference from Example 1 is that, in step B, the temperature of the oil seed pressing and leaching the filter aid after desolubilization is 130°C, and the drying time is 30min.

Comparative Example 3: A preparation process of a filter aid, the difference from Example 1 is that pre-desolvation is not included.

Comparative Example 4: A preparation process of a filter aid, the difference from Example 1 is that in step B, the pressure of pre-desolvation is 0.04MPa and the temperature is 78°C.

Comparative Example 5: A preparation process of a filter aid, the difference from Example 1 is that in Step B, the pressure of pre-desolvation is 0.03MPa and the temperature is 80.5°C.

Test 1: Appearance test

Test sample: The filter aid prepared in Example 1-11 was selected as the test sample 1-11, and the filter aid obtained in the control sample 1-5 was selected as the control sample 1-5.

Test method: 1. Observe the appearance of test sample 1-11 and control sample 1-5, observe the agglomeration, smell whether the smell of test sample 1-11 and control sample 1-5 is normal, record and analyze;

2. Measure the fineness of test samples 1-11 and control samples 1-5, record the fineness as 30-160 mesh content, and analyze;

3. Measure, record and analyze the water content and oil content of test samples 1-11 and control samples 1-5.

Test results: The appearance, smell, and fineness of test samples 1-11 and control samples 1-5 are 30-160 mesh content, water content, and oil content are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Appearance, smell and fineness of test sample 1-11 and control sample 1-5 are 30-160 mesh content, water content, oil content

It can be seen from Table 1 that the test samples 1-11 are not agglomerated and have no peculiar smell, and the fineness is between 30-180 mesh. In addition, the water content of test samples 1-11 is 6-12%, and the oil content is 0.8-2%, especially for test samples 5-7, the water content of the three samples is 6%, 8%, 7%, and The oil content is 0.8%, 1%, and 0.9%; it shows that the discharge temperature and drying time of oilseed meal after desolubilization cooperate with each other, which has a relatively positive impact on the water content and oil content of the obtained samples; test sample 9 -11 The water contents of these three samples are 7%, 6%, and 6%, respectively, while the oil contents are 0.8%, 0.9%, and 0.8%. The time is all within the protection range, so that the water content and oil content in the obtained samples are all within a better range.

The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and all technical solutions under the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The preparation process of the filter aid is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

a, first screening of oil press leaching pulp filter aid: screening by a 180-mesh screen to remove 180-mesh above oil press leaching dregs filter aid powder;

b, secondary steaming, removing and drying: pre-desolventizing, desolventizing and drying the oil press leaching residue filter aid below 180 meshes obtained in the step A to obtain a primary leaching residue filter aid material;

c, crushing, screening for the second time: b, crushing the primary material of the leached pulp filter aid obtained in the step B, and screening by using a screen to obtain a finished filter aid product;

in the step C, the fineness of the filter aid is 30-180 meshes, and the oil content is 0.8-2%;

an oil press leaching dregs filter aid is an oil dregs obtained by press-leaching fresh maize germ purchased from large-scale corn starch factory to prepare oil.

2. The process for preparing a filter aid according to claim 1, wherein in the step B, in the secondary evaporation drying, the temperature of the oil press leaching cake filter aid after desolventization is 100-110 ℃, and the drying time is 25-38min until the water content of the obtained initial material of the leaching cake filter aid is 6-12%.

3. The filter aid preparation process according to claim 2, wherein in the step B, the drying time is 30-38min until the water content of the obtained leached pulp filter aid initial material is 6-8%.

4. The process for preparing a filter aid according to claim 1, wherein the filter aid in step C has a fineness of 30-160 mesh in a proportion of 70-85% of the total filter aid.

5. The process for preparing the filter aid according to claim 1, wherein in the step B, the pressure of the pre-desolventizing is 0.025MPa, the temperature of the pre-desolventizing is 81-85 ℃, and the time of the pre-desolventizing is 15-25 min.

6. The process for preparing a filter aid according to claim 1, wherein in the step B, the pre-desolventizing comprises a first-stage pre-desolventizing, a second-stage pre-desolventizing and a third-stage pre-desolventizing, wherein the pressure of the first-stage pre-desolventizing is 0.03MPa, the temperature is 45-55 ℃, and the time is 5-8 min; the pressure of the two-stage pre-desolventizing is 0.025MPa, the temperature is 81-85 ℃, and the time is 1-2 min; the pressure of three-stage pre-desolventizing is 0.03MPa, the temperature is 70-75 ℃, and the time is 6-10 min.

7. The process for preparing the filter aid according to claim 1, wherein in the step C, after the secondary screening, the obtained filter aid with fineness not less than 180 meshes is screened, and the filter aid finished product with fineness greater than 180 meshes is screened out for preparing feed.

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