CN108292921A - 特别在机动交通工具中的操作元件 - Google Patents
特别在机动交通工具中的操作元件 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
- H03K17/96—Touch switches
- H03K17/964—Piezoelectric touch switches
- H03K17/9643—Piezoelectric touch switches using a plurality of detectors, e.g. keyboard
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
- B62D1/02—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
- B62D1/04—Hand wheels
- B62D1/046—Adaptations on rotatable parts of the steering wheel for accommodation of switches
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
- B62D1/02—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
- B62D1/04—Hand wheels
- B62D1/06—Rims, e.g. with heating means; Rim covers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/18—Measuring force or stress, in general using properties of piezo-resistive materials, i.e. materials of which the ohmic resistance varies according to changes in magnitude or direction of force applied to the material
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
- G01L1/205—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using distributed sensing elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
- G01L1/22—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges
- G01L1/2287—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges constructional details of the strain gauges
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
- H03K17/96—Touch switches
- H03K17/9625—Touch switches using a force resistance transducer
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Push-Button Switches (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种操作元件,特别是在机动交通工具中的操作元件,所述操作元件的表面装配有用于切换和控制机动交通工具内部过程和应用的压敏压阻传感器,并且其特征在于,大量的压阻传感器(8)在基底层(11)上以行和列靠在一起配置成矩阵,其中基底层彻底包围整个操作元件(1)并且各个传感器(8)通过导体线路(12)连接到处理各个传感器信号的评估单元(9)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种操作元件,特别是在机动交通工具中的操作元件,操作元件的表面装配有用于切换和控制机动交通工具内部过程和应用的压敏压阻传感器。
背景技术
这里,术语“机动交通工具”可以被广义地解释。除了四轮的和两轮的陆地交通工具之外,所述术语还可以指船只或飞机。
操作元件的含义是可以用手操作的任何控制、切换或调节元件,例如方向盘、一组把手、操纵杆等。
然而,在下文中将使用乘用车中的方向盘的示例来描述本发明。
方向盘仅用于改变行进方向的时代以及至多喇叭已集成在方向盘中的时代早已过去。此后,方向盘已经变成了汽车中大量应用的切换和调节元件,例如开启驾驶员辅助系统、调节音响系统的音量、操作免提装置等。
这些切换和调节装置可以是常规按钮或摇臂开关的形式。但是,触摸敏感或接近传感器越来越多地被用于机动交通工具技术中。
例如,DE 199 27 464D4公开了一种具有触摸操作元件的方向盘,其中触摸操作元件是压阻传感器,其布置在转向轮缘或方向盘轮辐的圆周上的限定位置。
通过触摸传感器区域可以打开或关闭某些系统。可以通过增加或减小施加到传感器上的力来致动例如“较高声”,“较温和”,“左”,“右”等控制功能。DE 10 2010 035 940B4公开了一种用于方向盘的手识别系统。在转向轮缘的周围设置有与交通工具驾驶员在抓握方向盘时施加的力作用的压阻层。如果该系统检测到例如异常(例如紧张的手势),则传感器信号能导致发动机关闭或正在启动制动过程。
所有这些列出的系统都具有共同的特征,即只有局部有限的触摸和抓握功能是可能的。它们只能提供非常低的分辨率来识别抓握和触摸位置,而且具有复杂且高成本的结构。
用于抓握识别的已知解决方案主要对故障敏感,和/或,仅形成非常大的相关区域。出于这个原因,必须考虑非常多的例外情况,例如金属化的表面或附加部件。由于空间限制和低的空间分辨率,对于这些以前已知的系统,只有非常静态的抓握和触摸识别是可能的,但姿势识别是不可能的。为此,WO2014/0852778公开了一种具有红外传感器装置的光学系统。红外传感器以在方向盘周围均匀分布的方式布置,但是它们具有总是必须与测量对象进行光学连接的缺点。在方向盘的情况下,这意味着传感器区域不应该覆盖皮革。此外,这种解决方案非常昂贵。
发明内容
因此,本发明基于这样的目的,设计一种操作元件,使得除了能够抓握和触摸识别之外,借助于具有成本效益的压阻传感器,姿势识别也是可能的。
根据专利的权利要求1的特征部分,本发明实现了这一目的,其中,大量的压阻传感器在基底层上以行和列靠在一起配置成矩阵,其中基底彻底地围绕整个操作元件,并且单个传感器通过导体线路连接到处理各个传感器信号的评估单元。借助于这种布置,首先,如从现有技术中知道的,能够通过敲击或保持操作元件来触发切换过程。控制或调节过程(例如指示向左或向右的行进方向或者音量控制)也可以通过在传感器区域上方在一个或另一个方向上的手指或手的滑动运动来实现。
根据权利要求2,提出将压阻传感器组合在分区域中以形成每种情况下的应用特定组。
例如,位于方向盘左手侧的传感器组可负责音频系统,而在方向盘的右手侧上的另一组可负责导航系统。
根据权利要求3,支撑压阻传感器的基底层布置在被布置在操作元件上的第一泡沫层和被保护套覆盖的任选的第二泡沫层之间。这里,保护套可包括皮革或塑料。
根据权利要求4,提出将压阻传感器布置在柔性基底(例如膜或箔或材料)上。为构建传感器可以考虑各种变形。一种可能的选择是每个传感器包括通过间隔件固定在基底上方的压阻层,其中用于导体线路的接触装置被布置在基底上或压阻层上。如上所述,以这种方式构造的传感器彼此靠近地布置成矩阵。
在这种情况下,根据权利要求5,各个传感器可以布置成彼此平行布置的列和行。然而,也可能的是,相邻的行/列包括彼此偏置配置的传感器。
根据权利要求7,提出操作元件是用于控制行进方向的元件,也就是说,例如方向盘,其中至少转向轮缘完全地被压阻传感器膜或箔包围。
权利要求8提出所述评估单元集成在操作元件本身中。
根据权利要求9,提出在根据本发明的操作元件的情况下以这样的方式设计和互连传感器,即,使得评估单元在相应的触摸事件中区分抓握和姿势识别。
因此,根据本发明的改进结合了现有技术中已知的所有可能性以及简单且具有成本效益的结构和高空间分辨率。
附图说明
下面参照附图描述和图示本发明,
其中:
图1:示出了配置有传感器矩阵的方向盘;
图2:示出了穿过根据图1的转向轮缘的横截面A-A;
图3:示出了根据本发明的传感器垫,其具有到评估电子系统的连接线;
图4:示出了穿过传感器垫的横截面的放大示图。
具体实施方式
在图1中,示意性地示出了机动交通工具的方向盘并且总体以参考符号1提供。从示出了来自图1的截面A-A的图2中可以清楚地看出,第一泡沫层4配置在转向轮缘2中围绕转向轮缘2的骨架3。具有彼此靠近设置的压阻传感器的膜或箔被配置在该第一泡沫层4上并且以参考符号5提供。传感器层5被第二泡沫层6覆盖并且所述第二泡沫层又被皮革覆盖物7覆盖。
从图1可以清楚地看到,其中皮革覆盖物和第二泡沫层在区域B中都被省去,大量的压阻传感器8布置在转向边缘2的圆周上。各个传感器8通过未示出的导体线路连接到评估单元9。该评估单元9集成在例如方向盘轮辐10中。
图3示意性地示出了规则布置的传感器8如何布置在基底11上。也示意性地示出了到评估单元9的电连接12。
图4以剖面示出了压阻传感器8的结构。支撑压电层14的间隔件13安装在可以是柔性膜或箔的基底11上,其中用于电连接12的接触装置15可以布置在压电层14或基底层11上。因此,在压电层14和基底层11之间留有中间空间,在触摸情况下,压电层14能够被推入所述中间空间中,由此产生信号,所述信号经由电连接12被传送到评估单元9。
由于基底11上的传感器8的高密度,高空间分辨率是可能的,并且在轻触摸的情况下可以通过彼此相邻定位的传感器8来实现姿势识别。
Claims (9)
1.一种操作元件,特别是在机动交通工具中的操作元件,所述操作元件的表面配备有用于切换和控制机动交通工具内部过程和应用的压敏压阻传感器,其特征在于,
大量的压阻传感器(8)在基底层(11)上以矩阵的行和列的形式紧密配置在一起,其中所述基底层彻底地包围整个操作元件(1),并且各个传感器(8)通过导体线路(12)连接到处理各个传感器信号的评估单元(9)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的操作元件,其特征在于,所述压阻传感器(8)被组合在分区域中以形成在每种情况下的应用特定组。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的操作元件,其特征在于,支撑所述压阻传感器(8)的所述基底层(11)布置在被布置在所述操作元件(1)上的第一泡沫层(4)与由保护套(7)覆盖的第二泡沫层(6)之间。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的操作元件,其特征在于,所述压阻传感器(8)以这样的方式布置在呈柔性膜或箔的形式的基底(11)上,即,使得每个传感器(8)包括通过间隔件(13)固定在所述基底(11)上方的压阻层(14),其中用于导体线路(12)的接触装置(15)设置在基底(11)上或在所述压阻层(14)上。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的操作元件,其特征在于,各传感器(8)布置成相对于彼此平行布置的列和行。
6.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的操作元件,其特征在于,相邻的行/列包括相对于彼此偏置布置的传感器(8)。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的操作元件,其特征在于,所述操作元件是方向盘(1),其中至少转向轮缘(2)被所述压阻传感器膜或箔完全地包围。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的操作元件,其特征在于,所述评估单元(9)被集成在所述操作元件(1)本身中。
9.根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的操作元件,其特征在于,所述传感器(8)以这样的方式设计和互连,即,使得所述评估单元(9)在相应的触摸的情况下区分抓握和姿势识别。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102015118531.8A DE102015118531A1 (de) | 2015-10-29 | 2015-10-29 | Bedienelement, insbesondere in Kraftfahrzeugen |
DE102015118531.8 | 2015-10-29 | ||
PCT/EP2016/075951 WO2017072242A1 (de) | 2015-10-29 | 2016-10-27 | Bedienelement, insbesondere in kraftfahrzeugen |
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CN108292921A true CN108292921A (zh) | 2018-07-17 |
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CN201680063251.1A Pending CN108292921A (zh) | 2015-10-29 | 2016-10-27 | 特别在机动交通工具中的操作元件 |
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EP (1) | EP3369180A1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN108292921A (zh) |
DE (1) | DE102015118531A1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2017072242A1 (zh) |
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DE102017216674A1 (de) | 2017-09-20 | 2019-03-21 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Ansteuern von Fahrzeugfunktionen |
DE102017216675A1 (de) | 2017-09-20 | 2019-03-21 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Ansteuern von Fahrzeugfunktionen |
DE102018202780A1 (de) * | 2018-02-23 | 2019-08-29 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines zumindest teilweise automatisiert fahrbaren Fahrzeugs |
DE102018202786A1 (de) | 2018-02-23 | 2019-08-29 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines automatisiert fahrbaren Fahrzeugs mit einer vom Fahrer bedienbaren Lenkhandhabe |
DE102018006914B4 (de) | 2018-08-30 | 2022-08-04 | CurveSYS GmbH | Flächenhafte Kraft-Sensoreinheit |
DE202019106523U1 (de) | 2019-11-22 | 2019-12-17 | MöllerTech Engineering GmbH | Interieurbauteil, Innenraumverkleidungsbauteil und Anordnung für ein Fahrzeug |
DE102020111405A1 (de) * | 2020-04-27 | 2021-10-28 | Tdk Electronics Ag | Bedienelement und Fahrzeug mit Bedienelement |
DE102021108089A1 (de) | 2021-03-30 | 2022-10-06 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Funktionsmodul für eine Fahrzeuginnenverkleidung, Innenverkleidung sowie Kraftfahrzeug |
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DE102010035940B4 (de) | 2010-08-31 | 2012-04-26 | Denis Güzelocak | Überwachungs- und Notfallsystem für Kraftfahrzeuge |
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US9896070B2 (en) * | 2013-02-11 | 2018-02-20 | Redevex Corporation | Steering wheel squeeze-activated vehicle braking system |
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- 2016-10-27 EP EP16798419.4A patent/EP3369180A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2016-10-27 WO PCT/EP2016/075951 patent/WO2017072242A1/de unknown
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US20040031180A1 (en) * | 2002-06-17 | 2004-02-19 | Dentcho Ivanov | Sensor array for unauthorized user prevention device |
US20110246028A1 (en) * | 2010-04-02 | 2011-10-06 | Tk Holdings Inc. | Steering wheel with hand pressure sensing |
US20120256838A1 (en) * | 2011-04-05 | 2012-10-11 | Lee Kang Won | Piezoresistive type touch panel; manufacturing method thereof; and display device, touch pad, pressure sensor, touch sensor, game console and keyboard having the panel |
US20120296528A1 (en) * | 2011-05-20 | 2012-11-22 | Matthias Marcus Wellhoefer | Haptic steering wheel, steering-wheel system and driver assistance system for a motor vehicle |
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WO2017072242A1 (de) | 2017-05-04 |
DE102015118531A1 (de) | 2017-05-04 |
EP3369180A1 (de) | 2018-09-05 |
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