CN108287128A - A kind of ground drying and watering cycle permeability measurement systems and its method - Google Patents
A kind of ground drying and watering cycle permeability measurement systems and its method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108287128A CN108287128A CN201810081374.9A CN201810081374A CN108287128A CN 108287128 A CN108287128 A CN 108287128A CN 201810081374 A CN201810081374 A CN 201810081374A CN 108287128 A CN108287128 A CN 108287128A
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/0806—Details, e.g. sample holders, mounting samples for testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
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Abstract
This application discloses a kind of ground drying and watering cycle permeability measurement systems and its method, system to include：Closed container, Inner Constitution which is provided with humidity sensor to accommodate the confined space of sample；To measure the pallet of sample weight, the inside of closed container is set in a manner of it can vertically rotate；Humidity controller is connect with closed container by pipeline sealing, to control the humidity in closed container；CT scan device includes to carry out the radiographic source and detector of CT scan to sample；Data acquisition control system monitors by humidity sensor and humidity controller and adjusts the humidity in closed container to acquire the weight and/or qualitative data of sample, control CT scan and in scanning process adjusting tray rotation.The system features in convenient, high degree of automation, control is fine, and it is accurate to measure, and new technical support is provided for research unsaturation geotechnical engineering medium drying and watering cycle permeability and microstructure mechanism.
Description
Technical field
The present disclosure relates generally to ground laboratory apparatus field of measuring technique more particularly to a kind of ground drying and watering cycle permeabilities
Measuring system and method.
Background technology
Unsaturation problem is one of the important issue in geotechnical engineering field, and many geotechnical engineering disasters are all non-full with material
It is closely related with characteristic, it is embodied in the intensity of geotechnical engineering medium, acute variation occurs for volume characteristic, induction engineering calamity
Evil.For example soil-slope causes unstability since the variation of level of ground water makes unsaturation part mechanical characteristics gradually weaken, ground
Lower tunnel causes country rock to generate a large amount of crackles due to the variation of humidity seasonal rhythm so that mechanical characteristics and hydraulic characteristic(s) reduction and
Danger etc. is caused to engineering safety.And the development of unsaturated soil mechanical test technology is slower.
In height puts Surrounding Nuclear Waste Repositories disposition library engineering, backfilling material is buffered（Unsaturated soil）Permeability survey be one
Problem.Because traditional permeability survey method can not accurately control the moisture content of material and carry out effective permeability test,
Gas is used to permeate in most cases, and the moisture content of material itself can also change with the variation of material local environment, and
The microstructure of material itself can also change, and influence permeability, be a more complicated process.Traditional experimental method
In frequently with weight method obtain quality under a certain state of sample, and the quality versus under drying regime calculates sample at this time
Moisture content, the immediately corresponding permeability test of dressing sample progress.
In permeability test under existing wetting-drying test process, it is also necessary to sample is constantly dismounted, to sample
It is saturated or is dried, repeated and carry out permeability test, inevitably cause unnecessary human factor to influence on sample, because
There are many uncontrollable factors for this.And at present for the research of unsaturation infiltration rate variation also in macroscopical stage, for
The microstructure change mechanism of drying and watering cycle process in which materials variation is not known, and lacks corresponding means of testing.
Therefore, in the prior art, the permeability variation of sample during drying and watering cycle can be still measured without a kind of equipment
Situation and its corresponding microstructure.
Invention content
In view of drawbacks described above in the prior art or deficiency, it is intended to provide a kind of ground drying and watering cycle permeability survey side
Case.
In a first aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a kind of ground drying and watering cycle permeability measurement systems, including：
Closed container, Inner Constitution which is provided with humidity sensor to accommodate the confined space of sample；
To measure the pallet of the sample weight, the inside of the closed container is set in a manner of it can vertically rotate；
Humidity controller is connect with the closed container by pipeline sealing, to control the humidity in the closed container；
CT scan device includes to carry out the radiographic source and detector of CT scan to the sample；
Data acquisition control system, to acquire the weight and/or qualitative data of the sample, by the humidity sensor and
Humidity controller monitors and adjusts the humidity in the closed container, controls CT scan and adjusts the support in scanning process
The rotation of disk.
The object of the invention to solve the technical problems also can be used following technical measures and further realize.
The radiographic source and detector are arranged in a manner of it can be moved towards or away from the closed container described closed
The both sides of container, data acquisition control system control adjust the radiographic source and detector and the closed container away from
CT dual-energy x-rays source, the detector is used to use high-resolution non-crystalline silicon area array detector from, the radiographic source, it can be with
Reach good shooting effect.
The system also includes slideway, the pedestal of the pedestal of the radiographic source and the detector is with can be along the slideway axis
It is located on the slideway to the mode of movement.May be implemented to control respectively in this way radiographic source pedestal, detector base with
0.01mm/s ~ 10mm/s rates move on slideway, and displacement is accurate to 0.01mm, can accurately adjust between three it is opposite away from
From raising shooting effect.
The pallet includes to the lower disk of sample described in support and to set spacing above the lower disk
Upper disk surface is equipped with disk connector, the lower end connection of the upper disk surface and connecting shaft, institute between the lower disk and upper disk surface
The other end of connecting shaft and the motor axis connection of motor are stated, by the rotation of motor shaft, drives upper disk surface rotation, and then drive
The rotation of entire pallet, so as to realize that pallet vertically rotates in simple structure.
The top of the closed container is equipped with to measure the mass sensor of the sample mass, the mass sensor
It is interior to be equipped with the motor.Motor is set to the top of closed container, space availability ratio is high.
The lower section of the closed container is equipped with weighted platform pedestal, between the closed container and the weighted platform pedestal
Equipped with support member.Form realizes that the positioning and support of closed container, space structure design are reasonable in simple structure.
The pipeline for connecting the humidity controller and closed container includes air inlet pipeline and outlet pipe, passes through control
Flowing to automatically control the relative humidity in closed container for different humidity air, carries out sample different degrees of saturation.
The system also includes preventing the babinet of ray radiation, the closed container and CT scan device to be placed in institute
The inside for stating babinet can play the effect of protection instrument well, improve instrument while protecting operating personnel from radiation
The service life of device.
A kind of ground drying and watering cycle permeability survey method, includes the following steps：
The humidity of closed container is adjusted to the first setting humidity, measures the corresponding quality of sample, control CT devices scan the examination
Sample in scanning process, controls the rotation of pallet；
It repeats the above steps, the corresponding quality of the sample and CT scan figure when obtaining different humidity；
The sample mass and moisture content and/or the correspondence of saturation degree are obtained, the expansion in the sample change procedure is calculated
Index variation is dissipated, the infiltration coefficient variation of the sample is obtained.
Ground drying and watering cycle permeability survey method, the humidity for adjusting closed container to the first setting humidity include：
Receive the humidity data of closed container, the humidity differences that the humidity data sets humidity with described first, according to described
Humidity differences adjust the air input and/or discharge rate with setting humidity, allow humidity until the humidity differences are less than
Difference；
The measurement corresponding quality of sample includes obtaining the qualitative data of the sample in real time；
The control CT devices scan the sample：Obtain the actual displayed of scan vision of the sample in CT scan device
Range adjusts CT radiographic sources in the scanning means according to the range difference of the actual displayed range and target indication range
With detector at a distance from the sample, controls the CT devices and start to scan.
Ground drying and watering cycle permeability analytical plan provided by the embodiments of the present application, passes through humidity controller and closed container
The design of connection realizes that unsaturation is dry and moistens the control of the automatic cycle of process relative humidity, drying and watering cycle examination may be implemented
The precise controlling tested under different continuous damp conditions and during avoid experiment to the disturbance of test specimen to improve experimental result
Accuracy；Pass through the synergistic effect of CT scan device, the pallet that can vertically rotate and humidity controller, it is possible to reduce artificial
The influence of factor, and then the microstructure under protolith initial humidity state is obtained, it is carried for accurate research protolith microstructure mechanism
For possible.CT scan technology can be detected under the conditions of not damaged with the formal expansion of two-dimensional cross-section image or three-dimensional image
Structure, composition, material and the defect situation of interior of articles.
Ground drying and watering cycle permeability analysis method provided by the embodiments of the present application, in conjunction with three-D CT scanning technology, humidity
Cyclic control system and situ mass tracking technique, can accurate loop control relative humidity variation and real-time tracking monitoring note
The mass change of sample during record drying and watering cycle, to be calculated to obtain the diffusion system under sample different water cut state
Number, and then the permeability that sample is calculated is derived indirectly, while the high-precision three-dimensional that can measure sample under each state is micro-
Structure chart is seen, and convenient for the variation of analysis volume of sample, porosity change, three-dimensional microstructures variation etc..System features in convenient,
High degree of automation, control is fine, and it is accurate to measure, for the tracking of research unsaturation geotechnical engineering medium drying and watering cycle situ mass and
Microstructure mechanism provides new technical support.
Description of the drawings
By reading a detailed description of non-restrictive embodiments in the light of the attached drawings below, the application's is other
Feature, objects and advantages will become more apparent upon：
Fig. 1 is a kind of three dimensional CT ground drying and watering cycle situ mass tracking system structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is a kind of three dimensional CT ground drying and watering cycle situ mass tracking system weighted platform schematic elevation view；
Fig. 3 is the line A-A sectional view along Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is the line B-B sectional view along Fig. 2；
Fig. 5 is slideway structure vertical view；
Fig. 6 is the C-C sections left view along Fig. 5；
Wherein：1- weighted platforms, 2- mass sensors, 3- metals connecting shaft, 4- electric rotatings motivation, 5- closed containers, 6- temperature
Humidity sensor, 7- sample trays, 8- supporting steel pipes, 9- ventilation pipes, 10- weighted platforms pedestal, 11-CT dual-energy x-rays source,
12- radiographic sources support shaft, 13- radiographic sources pedestal, 14- high-resolution non-crystalline silicons area array detector, 15- detectors support shaft,
16- detector bases, 17- humidity controllers, 18- connecting pipes, 19- slideways, 20- slideways support base, 21- steppings are electronic
Machine, 22- spirals connecting shaft, 23- radiation protection systems babinet, 24- data acquisition control systems.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete description.Obviously, described embodiment is
A part of the invention is instead of all the embodiments.For ease of description, it is illustrated only in attached drawing and invents relevant part.
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the embodiment of the present invention for usually describing and showing in this figure
Component can arrange and design with a variety of different configurations.It is understood that specific embodiment described herein is only
It is only used for explaining related invention, rather than the restriction to the invention.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
The every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to which explanation is unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, belong to " setting ",
" connection " should broadly understood, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or integrated connection；For this
For the those of ordinary skill in field, the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention can be understood with concrete condition.
Embodiment one
As mentioned in the background, existing wetting-drying test controls relative humidity using saturated salt solution.According to heat
Mechanics principle, a certain range of relative humidity of the corresponding ullage of saturated salt solution is metastable, in temperature, saturation
In the case that the factors such as degree are constant, the relative humidity of ullage also remains unchanged, and different saturated salt solutions, because chemical
The difference of essence, the stationary value of the relative humidity of corresponding ullage is also different, can thus choose variety classes
Salting liquid, constantly change sample Conservation environment, the drying and watering cycle of certain effect may be implemented.But it is this traditional dry
Wet cyclic test, damp condition are discontinuous, are rendered as jumping characteristic variation, can not accomplish the fine control to humidity environment
System；And during wetting-drying test, different relative humidity, needs frequently to replace salting liquid in order to obtain, and this
Kind test method will certainly influence sample during operation, and the disturbance to sample is caused, to influence experiment knot
The accuracy of fruit.
The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of three dimensional CT ground drying and watering cycle permeability measurement systems.The system operatio side
Just, high degree of automation, control is fine, high certainty of measurement, mass change that can be during real-time tracking sample drying and watering cycle, also
It may be implemented to measure the three-dimensional microstructures under different water cut state during sample drying and watering cycle, including overall deformation, hole
Gap is distributed and variation, crack growth and mineral distribution.It, can be from microcosmic knot in conjunction with the mass change of sample during drying and watering cycle
Variation relation between structure angle analysis geotechnical engineering medium drying and watering cycle process diffusion coefficient and microstructure.It is finished from dress sample
Afterwards, terminate to entire drying and watering cycle experimentation, ensure that control unitary variant, only the relative humidity in closed container 5 by
Changing to artificial control, entire experiment process be there will be no manually to sample direct intervention, ensure that the reliability of experimentation,
So as to preferably analyze the microstructure mechanism of geomaterial drying and watering cycle variation, provided for numeralization modeling new
Idea and method.
System includes closed container 5, pallet, humidity controller 17, CT scan device and data acquisition control system 24.
Wherein, to accommodate the confined space of sample, closed container 5 passes the Inner Constitution of closed container 5 equipped with temperature
Sensor.Closed container 5 can be made of high intensity organic glass, diameter 80mm, wall thickness 5mm, height 110mm.In closed container 5
Humidity temperature pickup 6 can be set：Position can be provided with the circular hole I of diameter 10mm for installing temperature humidity between in the sidewall
Sensor 6；Open the circular hole there are two diameter 5mm, distance of center circle 55mm, for connecting two ventilation pipes 9, bottom and support in bottom
The alignment of 8 center of steel pipe is fixedly connected.
To carry and measure the pallet of sample weight, the inside of closed container 5 is set in a manner of it can vertically rotate.
There are many modes that pallet can vertically rotate, and one way in which is that sample tray 7 is made of high intensity organic glass, on
Bottom surface is the disk of diameter 50mm, and the two is connected with two rectangle perspex bars at a distance of 90mm, can bear the weight of 10kg
Amount.Upper disk surface is connect with the lower end of metal connecting shaft 3, and metal connecting shaft 3 is diameter 10mm, the stainless steel cylinder of length 30mm
Axis connects sample tray 7 and electric rotating motivation 4.
Electric rotating motivation 4 is located inside mass sensor 2, and set on the top of closed container 5, the upper end of closed container 5
It is fitted closely with mass sensor 2, achievees the effect that sealing.Mass sensor 2 uses U.S.'s Transcell weighing sensors,
Range 10kg, precision 0.01g.Electric rotating motivation 4 can drive metal connecting shaft 3 around vertical axes with the rate of 0.01 °/s ~ 1 °/s
360 ° of slowly rotations, 0.01 ° of precision.By the rotation of motor shaft, upper disk surface rotation is driven, and then drive the rotation of entire pallet
Turn.
It is understood that pallet can also be arranged in the bottom of closed container 5, and on pallet by rotating mechanism
Installation quality measuring device, such as mass sensor 2.The rotation of pallet vertically can be driven by rotating mechanism.
It is worth noting that, the fixed form of closed container 5 can there are many, within the protection domain of the application.
Be equipped with weighted platform pedestal 10 in the lower section of closed container 5 in the embodiment of the present application, closed container 5 and weighted platform pedestal 10 it
Between be equipped with supporting steel pipe 8.Supporting steel pipe 8 is diameter 30mm, wall thickness 5mm, the stainless-steel pipe of height 150mm, 8 He of supporting steel pipe
Closed container 5 is fixedly connected, and smooth processing is done in joint.
Humidity controller 17 can be humidity controller 17 by pipeline and 5 airtight connection of closed container, specific mode
It is placed in outside closed container 5：5 bottom of closed container is opened there are two circular ventilation circular hole, and the top surface of weighted platform pedestal 10 is also pre-
Stay two ventilation circular holes, Circularhole diameter φ=5mm by ventilation pipe 9 that the ventilation circular hole of 5 bottom of closed container and load is flat
The circular hole of 10 top surface of platform pedestal connects.Ventilation pipe 9 is diameter 5mm, the metal tube of wall thickness 1mm, length 152mm, for connecting
Closed container 5 and weighted platform pedestal 10.The ventilation circular hole there are two diameter 5mm is also reserved in the side of weighted platform pedestal 10,
It is connected to respectively in inside with two ventilation circular holes of top surface.The ventilation circular hole of humidity controller 17 and 10 side of weighted platform pedestal
It is connected to by connecting pipe 18, such humidity controller 17 is just connected with closed container 5.By controlling different humidity air
Flowing automatically control the relative humidity in closed container 5, carry out different degrees of saturation to sample.
The material of ventilation pipe 9 can be stainless steel, outer diameter φ=5mm, wall thickness 1mm, length 172mm.Connecting pipe 18
It is stainless steel tube, outer diameter φ=5mm, wall thickness 1mm, length is depending on the relative position of humidity controller 17.This structure design
It is compact, and be not easy to touch pipeline, stability is good.
Specifically, humidity controller 17, which can also use, is integrated with temperature controlled all-in-one machine, for example France may be used
The WETSYS temperature humidities controller 17 of triumphant uncut jade science and technology group production, at a certain temperature, dry gas and humidity-saturated gas mixing
Adjustable and humidity ratio stabilization is generated afterwards in ± 0.3% gaseous fluid, and the humidity of air-flow is measured and accurately controlled by program-controlled
With temperature, moisture curve is showed（Inclined-plane, balance.Humidity ratio increases）, the temperature range of the humidity controller 17 is from room temperature to 70
DEG C, relative humidity is from 5% to 95%.Humidity temperature pickup 6 monitors closed appearance in real time in the centre position of 5 side wall of closed container
Humidity in device 5 and temperature change, and by data collecting system, computer is fed back to, then automatically adjust humidity controller 17
Working condition, keep closed container 5 in relative humidity be in a stable state, you can realization in closed container 5
Relative humidity carry out loop control.Humidity temperature pickup 6 is using 901350/33 type of Germany JUMO, moisture measurement essence
Degree is 1%, and temperature measurement accuracy is 0.1 DEG C.
It is noted that humidity controller 17 can also be arranged in the side of closed container 5, the mode of pipeline unicom
Can be diversified, within the protection domain of the application.
CT scan device in system, may include to sample carry out CT scan radiographic source and detector, wherein
Radiographic source is CT dual-energy x-rays source 11, and detector is high-resolution non-crystalline silicon area array detector 14.Radiographic source passes through radiographic source
Support shaft 12 is fixedly connected with the radiographic source pedestal 13 of bottom, the detector bottom that detector passes through detector support shaft 15 and bottom
Seat 16 is fixedly connected.Radiographic source support shaft 12 and detector support shaft 15 can be steel solid cylinder, diameter 40mm, height
150mm is closely connect with support base.
Weighted platform pedestal 10, radiographic source pedestal 13 and detector base 16 are each provided on slideway 19, wherein weighted platform
Pedestal 10 is fixedly connected with slideway 19, and radiographic source pedestal 13 is located in a manner of it can be moved along slideway 19 with detector base 16
On slideway 19.
Radiographic source pedestal 13 is made of the cast iron of 80mm × 80mm × 90mm, and pedestal lower position opens that there are two diameters
20mm, parallel duct can be sleeved on slideway 19 and slide.The height of radiographic source, range can be automatically adjusted by computer end
40mm, rate 0.1mm/s ~ 2mm/s, precision 0.1mm.Detector base 16 is made of the cast iron of 80mm × 80mm × 60mm, seat
Lower position is opened there are two diameter 20mm, and parallel duct can be sleeved on slideway 19 and slide.Radiographic source pedestal 13 and detector
16 lower part of pedestal is all provided with the circular hole of diameter 10mm in parallel channels centre position, is connect with spiral connecting shaft 22, inner wall
Surface has and the mating identical fine thread of spiral connecting shaft 22.
10 lower part of weighted platform pedestal has the circular channel of diameter 20mm, can be sleeved on slideway 19 and fixed.
Slideway 19 is the steel pipe of two diameter 20mm, wall thickness 5mm, long 1000mm.Surface is smooth, to support CT dual intensities X
Radiographic source 11 and high-resolution non-crystalline silicon area array detector 14, while fixed weighted platform 1.The both ends of slideway 19 are located at slideway
In support base 20, the size of slideway support base 20 is 50mm × 80mm × 150mm, and inside is equipped with stepping motor 21.It is sliding
The surface in road 19 is smooth, and upper and lower surface is all provided with the gap of 2mm wide, and steel duct is diameter 10mm with fine thread
Stainless steel connecting shaft, 22 long 350mm of spiral connecting shaft, one end and stepping motor 21 connect.
Spiral connecting shaft 22 is diameter 10mm, and the stainless steel cylinder of length 350mm, there is equally distributed fine spiral shell on surface
Line, one end connect stepping motor 21,16 lower part of radiographic source pedestal 13 and detector base, in parallel channels centre position
It is all provided with the circular hole of diameter 10mm, is connect with spiral connecting shaft 22, inner wall surface has and the mating identical essence of spiral connecting shaft 22
Fine thread.The movement of radiographic source pedestal 13 and detector base 16 is controlled by rotation, specifically in order to control radiographic source pedestal 13 plus
Carrying platform pedestal 10, detector base 16 are moved with 0.01mm/s ~ 10mm/s rates on slideway 19, and displacement is accurate to
0.01mm。
Stepping motor 21 drives spiral connecting shaft 22 to rotate and realizes 1110 pedestal of CT dual-energy x-rays source, spy by rotation
It surveys device pedestal 16 slowly to move on slideway 19, adjusts the relative distance with weighted platform 1.The fixation of weighted platform pedestal 10 is located at
The centre position of slideway 19, then control radiographic source pedestal 13, detector base 16 are existed with 0.01mm/s ~ 10mm/s rates respectively
It is moved on slideway 19, displacement is accurate to 0.01mm, adjusts the relative distance between three.
Constituting CT scan equipment further includes：Computer 3D scanning structures image processing system, high-precision precision sweep are flat
Platform, control system, a few part compositions of radiation protection system, by high projective amplification than realizing the high-resolution to being scanned sample
DR (Digital Radiography) is imaged, dual intensity radiographic source and the both sides that closed container 5 is respectively placed in detector, ray
Source, detector, 5 three of closed container are located on straight line, can adjust mutual distance by the slideway 19 of bottom,
To reach preferable shooting effect.The radiographic source of CT scan equipment emits X-ray transparent sample, then is received by a detector, and receives
The power of the optical signal received is transmitted to computer by device, and signal is switched to digital picture by computer again, to obtain sample
Three-dimensional microstructures figure.During CT scan, electric rotating motivation 4 can drive vertical connecting shaft to be rotated with 360 °, rotation speed
Rate 0.01rad/s ~ 1rad/s, displacement accuracy 0.01rad.The rotation angle of electric rotating motivation 4 can be accurately automatic by computer end
Control.
Data acquisition control system 24 utilizes the acquisition of LABVIEW realization data and place by pci data capture card
Reason.Data acquisition control system 24 monitors and adjusts the humidity in closed container 5 by humidity sensor and humidity controller 17,
And adjusted during CT scan radiographic source and detector between closed container 5 at a distance from, and control the rotation of clamping piece, from
And it realizes the automatic cycle control of relative humidity during sample drying and watering cycle and in-situ three-dimensional CT scan and measures.
In order to ensure the stabilization of test process, whole system temperature is constant, in addition to data acquisition control system 24 is placed on CT
The external face of scanner radiation protection System cabine, remaining all component are all placed in CT scanner radiation protection System cabine body, CT
Scanning work needs the environment of relatively dry, so to keep the environment of the drying in CT scan equipment box, closed container 5 is not
With case vivo environment unicom, whole system is placed in thermostatic chamber.
Humidity controller 17 is placed in outside closed container 5, is connected by the circular hole of 10 top surface of ventilation pipe 9 and weighted platform pedestal
It connects, humidity controller 17 is connected by connecting pipe 18 with the circular hole of 10 side of weighted platform pedestal, in weighted platform pedestal 10
Portion is unicom, and 5 unicom of air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe and closed container of humidity controller 17 thus may be implemented.Temperature humidity
Controller 17 is located at the centre position of 5 side wall of closed container, monitors the temperature and humidity in closed container 5, data acquisition in real time
Control system 24 records these data and feeds back to humidity controller 17, and the moment adjusts the working condition of humidity controller 17.Gold
Belong to the connection electric rotating of connecting shaft 3 motivation 4 and sample tray 7, electric rotating motivation 4 are located in mass sensor 2, can monitor in real time
The gross mass of sample tray 7 and sample, and drive sample tray 7 around 360 ° of slowly rotations of vertical axes.CT dual-energy x-rays source
11, weighted platform 1 and high-resolution non-crystalline silicon area array detector 14 can by respective pedestal on slideway 19 precisely from
It is dynamic to adjust relative position.
As on the other hand, the embodiment of the present application provides a kind of ground drying and watering cycle permeability survey method, including with
Lower step：
The humidity data for receiving closed container 5 compares the humidity differences of humidity data and the first setting humidity, according to psychrometric difference
Value adjusts the air input and/or discharge rate with setting humidity, allows humidity differences until humidity differences are less than, to
Adjust closed container 5 humidity to first setting humidity.
The qualitative data of sample is obtained when measuring the corresponding quality of sample, for example can be.
CT device scanned samples are controlled, including：Obtain the actual displayed model of scan vision of the sample in CT scan device
Enclose, according to the range difference of actual displayed range and target indication range, adjust in scanning means CT radiographic sources and detector with
The distance of sample, control CT devices start to scan.
In scanning process, the rotation of pallet is controlled；
It repeats the above steps, the corresponding quality of sample and CT scan figure when obtaining different humidity；
Sample mass and moisture content and/or the correspondence of saturation degree are obtained, the diffusion coefficient calculated in sample change procedure becomes
Change, obtains the infiltration coefficient variation of sample.
The concrete operations implementation steps of the embodiment of the present application are：
1）Prepare sample.Sample standard size suitable for the experiment of this equipment is the standard round of diameter phi=38mm, height h=76mm
Cylindricality sample.The standard cylindrical sample that specimen size is less than this size can also be tested.Sample needs previously prepared
Good, conditional that stable state can be saturated under initial RH, the sample not being saturated in advance can be in closed appearance
It is saturated in device 5.
2）Sample is installed.Radiation protection system babinet 23 is opened, mass sensor 2 and sample tray 7 is removed together, will try
The alignment of sample center is placed on sample tray 7, is lifted mass sensor 2 and sample tray 7 vertically, is put into closed container 5, quality
5 interface encapsulation process of sensor 2 and closed container.
3）Mass sensor 2 uses U.S.'s Transcell weighing sensors.Open mass sensor 2, start recording sample
Quality, the quality of pallet is fixed, and 7 mass of sample tray when mass sensor 2 is to no sample has done return-to-zero,
So the monitoring of mass sensor 2 is exactly the quality of sample, and monitoring data are saved in computer, the record time can basis
Situation sets itself.Sample can be dried in advance or saturated process, weighs to obtain sample original state on balance
Quality, then during the test, mass sensor 2 can record the quality of sample in real time, finally obtain sample mass-time change
Change graph of relation, then can obtain the moisture content and saturation degree state at each moment with original state comparison, obtains formula
Moisture content-time changing curve of sample can calculate the diffusion system in sample change procedure further according to unsaturated relevant knowledge
Number variation, to derive the infiltration coefficient variation for obtaining sample.
4）Humidity temperature pickup 6 is using 901350/33 type of Germany JUMO, and moisture measurement precision is 1%, and temperature is surveyed
Accuracy of measurement is 0.1 DEG C.Humidity temperature pickup 6 is opened, in real time the temperature in record record closed container 5, humidity value, when record
Between interval can be with sets itself.
5）The WETSYS humidity controllers 17 that humidity controller 17 is produced using French triumphant uncut jade science and technology group, in specific temperature
Under, gaseous fluid of the adjustable and humidity ratio stabilization ± 0.3% is generated after dry gas and humidity-saturated gas mixing, by program-controlled
To measure and accurately control the humidity and temperature of air-flow, performance moisture curve（Inclined-plane, balance.Humidity ratio increases）, the humidity control
The temperature range of instrument 17 processed is from room temperature to 70 DEG C, and relative humidity is from 5% to 95%.Humidity controller 17 is opened, initial phase pair is set
Humidity value controls the relative humidity in closed container 5, is saturated to sample.Initial saturation stage, if sample carried out it is pre-
First be saturated, then the saturation time needed is shorter, is not saturated in advance, then saturation time as the case may be depending on.Recognize
The sample mass monitored for mass sensor 2 does not change for 24 hours, and sample reaches saturation shape in the relative humidity
State.
6）After sample saturation, the CT scan of original state can be carried out.Ensure that radiation protection system babinet 23 is in stabilization
Closed state opens the power supply in CT dual-energy x-rays source 11, preheats 30min or more.Preheating finishes, and passes through data acquisition control system
It unites 24 terminals, adjust automatically CT dual-energy x-rays source 11, weighted platform 1,14 three of high-resolution non-crystalline silicon area array detector
Relative position, under normal circumstances, the position of weighted platform 1 are fixed, and need not be adjusted, and CT dual-energy x-rays source 11 and high score are located at
Among resolution non-crystalline silicon area array detector 14.Computer end controls the rotation of stepping motor 21, and automatic adjustment adjusts CT dual intensities X
At a distance from weighted platform 1, displacement accuracy is 0.01mm for radiographic source 11, high-resolution non-crystalline silicon area array detector 14.Together
When pay attention to adjusting the height in CT dual-energy x-rays source 11, suitable position is that can see in the scan vision of computer terminal
Whole sample, and the region in the visual field will not be wasted, amplification factor is improved as far as possible, improves shooting precision, and scanning accuracy is reachable
Micron order.The image of acquisition passes through DIC (Digital Image Correlation；Digital picture first closes technology) technology progress
Post-processing, can calculate the features such as volume change, the porosity change of sample.
7）After adjusting the visual field, sweep parameter is set, design parameter clicks computer terminal depending on actual conditions
Start scan button, carries out three-D CT scanning, scanning process is full automatic, without carrying out manual operation.Scanning starts, rotation
Motor 4 drives sample tray 7 slowly to be rotated for 360 ° around vertical axes by metal connecting shaft 3,0.01 °/s ~ 1 ° of slewing rate/s,
Precision is 0.01 °, and rotational time and rate are automatically determined according to sweep time, are not set manually, scanned, and sample is just
It rotates a circle.Three-dimensional CT scan image is can be obtained, sweep time, length was depending on the characteristic of sample.Compact structure, density
The larger sample scans time is longer, otherwise the time is shorter.
8）After the completion of preliminary scan, scan data is kept, closes 11 power supply of CT dual-energy x-rays source, it is bis- not have to adjustment CT
The position of energy x-ray source 11, weighted platform 1 and high-resolution non-crystalline silicon area array detector 14.It is set according to experimental program,
17 parameter of humidity controller is set, and the relative humidity controlled in closed container 5 is in a new steady s tate, is carried out to sample
Saturation, and the temperature in monitoring record closed container 5, the quality of humidity and sample in real time.
9）CT dual-energy x-rays source 11 is opened, 30min or more is preheated, preheating finishes, and finely tunes scan setting parameter, sweeps again
It retouches.The end of scan keeps data, closes dual-energy x-ray source.New rh value is set, then sample is saturated.
10）Step 9 is repeated, until entire drying and watering cycle experimentation finishes, you can drying and watering cycle process is obtained, sample
Three-D CT scanning micro-structure diagram under mass change and each state.
11）Experiment terminates, and closes CT dual-energy x-rays source 11, and radiographic source, weighted platform 1, detection are pulled open in control terminal operation
The distance between device.Humidity controller 17 is closed, mass sensor 2 is closed, it is anti-to open ray for closing temperature humidity sensor 6
Watch box system babinet 23 opens closed container 5, takes out sample.
12）Mass sensor 2 and sample tray 7 are resetted, radiation protection system babinet 23 is closed, is waited for real again
It tests.
This system operatio is easy, high degree of automation, and control is accurate, and it is accurate to measure, and is geotechnical engineering medium drying and watering cycle
Situ mass tracking and testing and three-dimensional microstructures test provide effective technological means.
Compared to the prior art the embodiment of the present application, has the following advantages and effect.
1. the automatic cycle for realizing relative humidity during geotechnical engineering medium drying and watering cycle accurately controls, error is 1%
Within, while temperature change control is within 2 DEG C.
2. the real time in-situ tracking for realizing the variation of drying and watering cycle process sample mass measures.
3. realizing the in-situ test of three-D CT scanning, the influence of human factor is avoided.
4. high degree of automation, control is accurate, solves the relevant unsaturation test problem of geotechnical engineering medium.
Above description is only the preferred embodiment of the application and the explanation to institute's application technology principle.People in the art
Member should be appreciated that invention scope involved in the application, however it is not limited to technology made of the specific combination of above-mentioned technical characteristic
Scheme, while should also cover in the case where not departing from the inventive concept, it is carried out by above-mentioned technical characteristic or its equivalent feature
Other technical solutions of arbitrary combination and formation.Such as features described above has similar work(with (but not limited to) disclosed herein
Can technical characteristic replaced mutually and the technical solution that is formed.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of ground drying and watering cycle permeability measurement systems, which is characterized in that including：
Closed container, Inner Constitution which is provided with humidity sensor to accommodate the confined space of sample；
To measure the pallet of the sample weight, the inside of the closed container is set in a manner of it can vertically rotate；
Humidity controller is connect with the closed container by pipeline sealing, to control the humidity in the closed container；
CT scan device includes to carry out the radiographic source and detector of CT scan to the sample；
Data acquisition control system, to acquire the weight and/or qualitative data of the sample, by the humidity sensor and
Humidity controller monitors and adjusts the humidity in the closed container, controls CT scan and adjusts the support in scanning process
The rotation of disk.
2. ground drying and watering cycle permeability measurement systems according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the radiographic source and spy
Device is surveyed to be arranged in a manner of it can move towards or away from the closed container in the both sides of the closed container, the data acquisition
Control system control adjusts the radiographic source and detector at a distance from the closed container, and the radiographic source uses CT dual intensities X
Radiographic source, the detector use high-resolution non-crystalline silicon area array detector.
3. ground drying and watering cycle permeability measurement systems according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the system also includes
The pedestal of slideway, the pedestal of the radiographic source and the detector is located at the cunning in a manner of it can be axially moved along the slideway
On road.
4. according to any ground drying and watering cycle permeability measurement systems of claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the pallet
Include to the lower disk of sample described in support and to set upper disk surface of the spacing above the lower disk, the lower wall
Disk connector is equipped between face and upper disk surface, the lower end of the upper disk surface and connecting shaft connects, the connecting shaft it is another
The motor axis connection at end and motor drives upper disk surface rotation, and then drive the rotation of entire pallet by the rotation of motor shaft
Turn.
5. ground drying and watering cycle permeability measurement systems according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the closed container
Top is equipped with to measure the mass sensor of the sample mass, and the motor is equipped in the mass sensor.
6. ground drying and watering cycle permeability measurement systems according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the closed container
Lower section is equipped with weighted platform pedestal, and support member is equipped between the closed container and the weighted platform pedestal.
7. ground drying and watering cycle permeability measurement systems according to claim 1, which is characterized in that connect the humidity control
The pipeline of instrument and closed container processed includes air inlet pipeline and outlet pipe.
8. ground drying and watering cycle permeability measurement systems according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the system also includes
To prevent the babinet of ray radiation, the closed container and CT scan device to be placed in the inside of the babinet.
9. a kind of ground drying and watering cycle permeability survey method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
The humidity of closed container is adjusted to the first setting humidity, measures the corresponding quality of sample, control CT devices scan the examination
Sample in scanning process, controls the rotation of pallet；
It repeats the above steps, the corresponding quality of the sample and CT scan figure when obtaining different humidity；
The sample mass and moisture content and/or the correspondence of saturation degree are obtained, the expansion in the sample change procedure is calculated
Index variation is dissipated, the infiltration coefficient variation of the sample is obtained.
10. ground drying and watering cycle permeability survey method according to claim 9, which is characterized in that
The humidity for adjusting closed container sets humidity to first：Receive closed container humidity data, relatively described in
The humidity differences that humidity data sets humidity with described first adjust the air with setting humidity according to the humidity differences
Input quantity and/or discharge rate allow humidity differences until the humidity differences are less than；
The measurement corresponding quality of sample includes obtaining the qualitative data of the sample in real time；
The control CT devices scan the sample：Obtain the actual displayed of scan vision of the sample in CT scan device
Range adjusts CT radiographic sources in the scanning means according to the range difference of the actual displayed range and target indication range
With detector at a distance from the sample, controls the CT devices and start to scan.
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| CN109470619A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-03-15 | 湖南大学 | A kind of the saturation permeability coefficient test macro and method of analog Rock And Soil drying and watering cycle effect |
| WO2020084023A1 (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2020-04-30 | Universität Zürich | Portable rail system for creating sectional image recordings by means of conventional x-ray equipment |
| CN111208047A (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2020-05-29 | 中国矿业大学 | Test method capable of simulating permeability of fractured rock mass under complex disturbance condition |
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