CN108284213B - Device for preventing ingot-drawing type hollow electroslag remelting inner crystallizer from locking by online dynamic monitoring and adjusting method thereof - Google Patents
Device for preventing ingot-drawing type hollow electroslag remelting inner crystallizer from locking by online dynamic monitoring and adjusting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108284213B CN108284213B CN201810076921.4A CN201810076921A CN108284213B CN 108284213 B CN108284213 B CN 108284213B CN 201810076921 A CN201810076921 A CN 201810076921A CN 108284213 B CN108284213 B CN 108284213B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D23/00—Casting processes not provided for in groups B22D1/00 - B22D21/00
- B22D23/06—Melting-down metal, e.g. metal particles, in the mould
- B22D23/10—Electroslag casting
Abstract
The invention discloses an on-line dynamic monitoring device for preventing an ingot-drawing type hollow electroslag remelting inner crystallizer from locking, which comprises a false electrode, a consumable electrode group, a water-cooling outer crystallizer, a water-cooling inner crystallizer, a water-cooling dummy ingot conductive bottom water tank, a slag pool, an ingot drawing device, an electrode lifting driving motor and an ingot drawing motor, and also comprises a beam, a pressure sensor, an alternating current power supply and a control system, wherein the beam is arranged above the water-cooling outer crystallizer; one end of the alternating current power supply is connected to the dummy electrode through a cable, and the other end of the alternating current power supply is connected to the water-cooled dummy ingot conductive bottom water tank; the control system is connected with the pressure sensor, the electrode lifting driving motor and the ingot drawing motor. The device can timely and accurately dynamically monitor and adjust the stress state of the inner crystallizer in the ingot-drawing type hollow electroslag remelting process on line, avoid locking phenomenon and ensure that the smelting process is smoothly carried out.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal electroslag remelting, and particularly relates to a device for dynamically preventing a crystallizer from locking in ingot drawing type hollow electroslag remelting and an adjusting method thereof.
Background
The electroslag remelting hollow steel ingot technology is one of the important methods for preparing high-quality seamless special steel and special alloy. In the process of electroslag remelting hollow steel ingots, liquid slag is added into an annular space formed by the water-cooling inner crystallizer, the water-cooling outer crystallizer and the water-cooling dummy ingot device, and the end part of the consumable electrode is inserted into the annular space. When a plurality of consumable electrodes, slag and bottom water tanks which are connected in parallel form a power supply loop with a transformer through a short net, current is output from the transformer and passes through liquid slag, so that the end parts of the consumable electrodes are gradually heated and melted, molten metal passes through a slag pool and enters a metal molten pool, and a water-cooling inner crystallizer is arranged in the center of an outer crystallizer, so that the liquid metal is gradually solidified to form a hollow steel ingot. When the hollow steel ingot reaches a certain height, ingot drawing is started.
Due to the existence of the water-cooled inner crystallizer, the solidification characteristics of the hollow steel ingot and the solid steel ingot are greatly different. The solidification shrinkage of the hollow steel ingot leads the ingot to be far away from the water-cooled outer crystallizer and simultaneously to be close to the water-cooled inner crystallizer, when the taper of the inner crystallizer and the outer crystallizer, the design of a cooling system and a plurality of technological parameters (remelting power, melting speed, ingot drawing speed and the like) are not matched, slag leakage and steel leakage are generated, even the water-cooled inner crystallizer is locked by the hollow steel ingot, and the inner crystallizer is broken seriously.
In the prior art, the taper of the inner crystallizer is reasonable in design; meanwhile, the inner crystallizer is prevented from being locked in the ingot pulling process through matching of process parameters. The patent of application number CN200920185822.6, namely a crystallizer for electroslag continuous ingot drawing hollow steel ingot, is characterized in that an author Rao Yunfu designs a set of reasonable ingot stripping taper according to the solidification and shrinkage characteristics of molten steel, and proposes that the section of a core crystallizer presents an inverted trapezoid shape with a wide upper side and a narrow lower side, and the taper (phi 1-phi 2)/h of the core crystallizer is in a range of 3/100-3.5/100. The method has the following defects: the process parameters cannot be dynamically monitored and accurately adjusted on line.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims at the defects and provides the device for preventing the locking of the inner crystallizer in the ingot-drawing type hollow electroslag remelting by on-line dynamic monitoring and the adjusting method thereof, which can timely and accurately monitor and adjust the stress state of the inner crystallizer in the ingot-drawing type hollow electroslag remelting process on-line dynamically, avoid the locking phenomenon and ensure the smooth smelting process.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the device comprises a dummy electrode, a consumable electrode group, a water-cooled outer crystallizer, a water-cooled inner crystallizer, a water-cooled dummy ingot conductive bottom water tank, a slag pool, an ingot extracting device, an electrode lifting driving motor and an ingot extracting motor, and also comprises a beam, a pressure sensor, an alternating current power supply and a control system, wherein the beam is arranged above the water-cooled outer crystallizer, a pressure sensor is arranged between the water-cooled outer crystallizer and the beam, and the water-cooled inner crystallizer is fixed below the beam; one end of the alternating current power supply is connected to the dummy electrode through a cable, and the other end of the alternating current power supply is connected to the water-cooled dummy ingot conductive bottom water tank; the control system is connected with the pressure sensor, the electrode lifting driving motor and the ingot drawing motor.
The ingot pulling device comprises an ingot pulling upright post and an ingot pulling platform, the ingot pulling platform is arranged below the water-cooled outer crystallizer, a water-cooled dummy ingot conductive bottom water tank is arranged on the ingot pulling platform, and the crystallizer platform is arranged on the ingot pulling upright post.
The water-cooling outer crystallizer consists of a water-cooling upper layer outer crystallizer, a water-cooling middle layer outer crystallizer and a water-cooling lower layer outer crystallizer, wherein the cylindrical water-cooling lower layer outer crystallizer is arranged on the inner side of the crystallizer platform, the cylindrical water-cooling middle layer outer crystallizer with a T-shaped inner cavity section is arranged above the water-cooling lower layer outer crystallizer, and an insulating layer is arranged between the water-cooling middle layer outer crystallizer and the upper water-cooling upper layer outer crystallizer.
The adjusting method comprises the following steps:
when the ingot is drawn, the water-cooled inner crystallizer is fixed by a cross beam, the hollow steel ingot moves downwards, and the time-varying value of the pressure is collected through a detecting element-pressure sensor due to friction force;
step two, sending the pressure time-varying value acquired by the pressure sensor into a control system to serve as a negative feedback signal;
step three, the control system takes a preset pressure value as a positive signal; and the difference value of the positive signal and the negative feedback signal is used for instantaneously adjusting the ingot pulling speed through the ingot pulling motor, and the melting speed of the consumable electrode group is instantaneously adjusted through the AC power supply, so that the measured value of the pressure sensor is kept equal to the pressure value set in the control system, and the pressure born by the water-cooled inner crystallizer in the smelting process is controlled to be kept at the smelting optimal stress value.
The working process of the invention comprises the following steps: in the production smelting process, an electrode lifting driving motor drives a consumable electrode group to be inserted into a slag pool, the consumable electrode group, slag and a water-cooling dummy ingot conductive bottom water tank form a power supply loop with a transformer through a short net, the consumable electrode is melted by resistance heat of the slag, metal droplets pass through the slag pool and drop into an inner water-cooling crystallizer and an outer water-cooling crystallizer, and liquid metal is gradually solidified to form a hollow steel ingot. When the hollow steel ingot reaches a certain height, ingot drawing is started. Along with solidification and shrinkage of the hollow steel ingot, the ingot is far away from the water-cooled outer crystallizer and is close to the water-cooled inner crystallizer, when the ingot is pulled out, a pressure sensor below the cross beam generates a signal, a pressure value detected in real time is sent into a control system to serve as a negative feedback signal, and the control system takes a preset pressure value as a positive signal; the difference between the positive signal and the negative feedback signal is used for instantaneously adjusting the ingot pulling speed through the ingot pulling motor, and the melting speed is instantaneously adjusted through the AC power supply, so that the measured value of the pressure sensor is kept equal to the pressure value set in the control system, and the pressure born by the water-cooled internal crystallizer in the smelting process is controlled to be kept at the smelting optimal stress value.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention can timely and accurately dynamically monitor and adjust the stress state of the inner crystallizer in the ingot-drawing type hollow electroslag remelting process on line, avoid locking phenomenon and ensure the smooth smelting process.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
The drawing is characterized by comprising the following components of a drawing figure 1, a false electrode, a self-consumption electrode group, a cross beam, a water-cooled upper layer outer crystallizer, a 5, an alternating current power supply, a 6, an insulating layer, a 7, a water-cooled middle layer outer crystallizer, a 8, a crystallizer platform, a 9, a water-cooled lower layer outer crystallizer, a 10, an ingot taking column, a 11, an ingot taking platform, a 12, an ingot taking motor, a 13, a water-cooled ingot guiding conductive bottom water tank, a 14, a hollow steel ingot, a 15, a slag pool, a 16, a control system, a 17, a pressure sensor, a 18, a water-cooled inner crystallizer and a 19, an electrode lifting driving motor.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further specifically described below by examples and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Examples: referring to fig. 1, an on-line dynamic monitoring device for preventing locking of an ingot-drawing hollow electroslag remelting inner crystallizer comprises a dummy electrode 1, a consumable electrode group 2, a cross beam 3, a water-cooling upper layer outer crystallizer 4, an alternating current power supply 5, an insulating layer 6, a water-cooling middle layer outer crystallizer 7, a crystallizer platform 8, a water-cooling lower layer outer crystallizer 9, an ingot-drawing upright post 10, an ingot-drawing platform 11, an ingot-drawing motor 12, a water-cooling dummy ingot conductive bottom water tank 13, a hollow steel ingot 14, a slag pool 15, a control system 16, a pressure sensor 17, a water-cooling inner crystallizer 18 and an electrode lifting driving motor 19; the crystallizer platform 8 is arranged on an ingot pulling upright post 10, a cylindrical water-cooling lower layer outer crystallizer 9 is arranged on the inner side of the crystallizer platform 8, a cylindrical water-cooling middle layer outer crystallizer 7 with a T-shaped inner cavity cross section is arranged above the water-cooling lower layer outer crystallizer 9, the water-cooling middle layer outer crystallizer 7 and the water-cooling upper layer outer crystallizer 4 are separated by an insulating layer 6, a beam 3 for fixing a water-cooling inner crystallizer 18 is arranged above the water-cooling upper layer outer crystallizer 4, a pressure sensor 17 is arranged between the water-cooling upper layer outer crystallizer 4 and the beam 3, an ingot pulling platform 11 is arranged below the water-cooling lower layer outer crystallizer 9, a water-cooling dummy ingot conductive bottom water tank 13 is arranged on the ingot pulling platform 11, and the radius size of the water-cooling dummy ingot conductive bottom water tank 13 is slightly smaller than the radius size of the inner side of the water-cooling lower layer outer crystallizer 9; one end of an alternating current power supply is connected to the false electrode 1 through a high-current water-cooling cable, and the other end of the alternating current power supply is connected to a water-cooling dummy ingot conductive bottom water tank 13; the control system 16 is connected with the pressure sensor 17, the electrode lifting driving motor 19 and the ingot drawing motor 12.
The adjusting method comprises the following steps:
step one, when the ingot is drawn, the water-cooled inner crystallizer 18 is fixed by the cross beam 3, the hollow steel ingot 14 moves downwards, and the time-varying value of the pressure is collected through the detecting element-pressure sensor 17 due to friction force;
step two, sending the pressure time-varying value acquired by the pressure sensor 17 into the control system 16 as a negative feedback signal;
step three, the control system 16 takes the preset pressure value as a positive signal; the difference value of the positive signal and the negative feedback signal is used for instantaneously adjusting the ingot pulling speed through the ingot pulling motor 12, and the melting speed of the consumable electrode group 2 is instantaneously adjusted through the alternating current power supply 5, so that the measured value of the pressure sensor 17 is kept equal to the pressure value set in the control system 16, and the pressure born by the water-cooled inner crystallizer 18 in the smelting process is controlled to be kept at the smelting optimal stress value.
In the production smelting process, the electrode lifting driving motor 19 drives the consumable electrode group 2 to be inserted into the slag pool 15, the consumable electrode group 2, the slag pool 15 and the water-cooling dummy ingot conductive bottom water tank 13 form a power supply loop with the alternating current power supply 5 through a short net, the consumable electrode is melted by resistance heat of slag, metal droplets pass through the slag pool 15 and drop into the inner and outer water-cooling crystallizers, and liquid metal is gradually solidified to form the hollow steel ingot 14. When the hollow steel ingot 14 reaches a certain height, ingot drawing is started, the ingot is enabled to be far away from the water-cooling lower layer outer crystallizer 9 and simultaneously to be close to the water-cooling inner crystallizer 18 along with solidification and shrinkage of the hollow steel ingot, when the ingot is drawn, a pressure sensor 17 below the cross beam 3 generates a signal, a pressure value detected in real time is sent into a control system 16 to serve as a negative feedback signal, and the control system 16 takes a preset pressure value as a positive signal; the difference between the positive signal and the negative feedback signal is used for instantaneously adjusting the ingot pulling speed through the ingot pulling motor 12, and the melting speed is instantaneously adjusted through the alternating current power supply 5, so that the measured value of the pressure sensor 17 is kept equal to the pressure value set in the control system 16, and the pressure born by the water-cooled inner crystallizer 18 in the smelting process is controlled to be kept at the smelting optimal stress value.
The embodiments are only for facilitating understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and any simple modification, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above solutions without departing from the content of the technical solutions of the present invention or according to the technical matters of the present invention still fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a working method of device that on-line dynamic monitoring prevented ingot drawing hollow electroslag remelting inner crystallizer locked, the device include false electrode, consumable electrode group, water-cooled outer crystallizer, water-cooled inner crystallizer, water-cooled dummy ingot conductive bottom water tank casting device, slag pool device, ingot drawing device, electrode lift driving motor ⒆ and ingot drawing motor running back, its characterized in that: the water-cooled crystallizer also comprises a cross beam layer, a pressure sensor ⒄, an alternating current power supply and a control system, wherein the cross beam layer is arranged above the water-cooled outer crystallizer, the pressure sensor ⒄ is arranged between the water-cooled outer crystallizer and the cross beam layer, and the water-cooled inner crystallizer is fixed below the cross beam layer; one end of an alternating current power supply is connected to the false electrode through a cable, and the other end of the alternating current power supply is connected to the water-cooled dummy spindle conductive bottom water tank; the control system is connected with the pressure sensor ⒄, the electrode lifting driving motor ⒆ and the ingot pulling motor in a self-absorption way; the working method comprises the following steps:
step one: when the ingot is pulled out, the water-cooled inner crystallizer is fixed by a beam, the hollow steel ingot is moved downwards, and the time-varying value of the pressure is collected through a detecting element-pressure sensor ⒄ due to friction force;
step two: sending the pressure time-varying value acquired by the pressure sensor ⒄ into a control system as a negative feedback signal;
step three, controlling the system to take a preset pressure value as a positive signal; and the difference value of the positive signal and the negative feedback signal is used for instantaneously adjusting the ingot pulling speed through the ingot pulling motor, and the melting speed of the consumable electrode group is instantaneously adjusted through the second effect of the AC power supply, so that the measured value of the pressure sensor ⒄ is kept equal to the pressure value set in the control system, and the pressure applied to the water-cooled inner crystallizer in the smelting process is controlled to be kept at the smelting optimal stress value.
2. The method for operating the device for dynamically monitoring and preventing the locking of the crystallizer in the ingot drawing type hollow electroslag remelting on line according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the ingot pulling device comprises an ingot pulling upright post and an ingot pulling platform, the ingot pulling platform is arranged below the water-cooled external crystallizer, a water-cooled dummy ingot conductive bottom water tank is arranged on the ingot pulling platform, and the crystallizer platform is arranged on the ingot pulling upright post.
3. The method for operating the device for dynamically monitoring and preventing the locking of the crystallizer in the ingot drawing type hollow electroslag remelting on line according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the water-cooling outer crystallizer comprises a water-cooling upper layer outer crystallizer, a water-cooling middle layer outer crystallizer and a water-cooling lower layer outer crystallizer, wherein the water-cooling upper layer outer crystallizer is a cylindrical water-cooling lower layer outer crystallizer, the inner side of a crystallizer platform is provided with a cylindrical water-cooling lower layer outer crystallizer, a cylindrical water-cooling middle layer outer crystallizer with a T-shaped inner cavity section is arranged above the water-cooling lower layer outer crystallizer, and an insulating layer is arranged between the water-cooling middle layer outer crystallizer and the upper water-cooling upper layer outer crystallizer.
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| CN201810076921.4A CN108284213B (en) | 2018-01-26 | 2018-01-26 | Device for preventing ingot-drawing type hollow electroslag remelting inner crystallizer from locking by online dynamic monitoring and adjusting method thereof |
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| CN201810076921.4A CN108284213B (en) | 2018-01-26 | 2018-01-26 | Device for preventing ingot-drawing type hollow electroslag remelting inner crystallizer from locking by online dynamic monitoring and adjusting method thereof |
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| CN110193591A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-09-03 | 太仓市华鑫轧辊有限公司 | A kind of cylinder shape Forging reparation set hollow electroslag remelting device of blank |
| CN110345756A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-10-18 | 江苏省徐州华泰工具有限责任公司 | Equipment suitable for tools factory's waste iron filing melting |
| CN113798474B (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2022-06-17 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Electroslag additive manufacturing method |
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