CN103406520B - Device and method for producing large homogeneous electro-slag re-melting steel ingots added with consumable stirrer - Google Patents
Device and method for producing large homogeneous electro-slag re-melting steel ingots added with consumable stirrer Download PDFInfo
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- CN103406520B CN103406520B CN201310379651.1A CN201310379651A CN103406520B CN 103406520 B CN103406520 B CN 103406520B CN 201310379651 A CN201310379651 A CN 201310379651A CN 103406520 B CN103406520 B CN 103406520B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a consumable stirrer added device and method for producing large homogeneous electro-slag re-melting steel ingots. The device comprises a crystallizer, consumable electrodes, a cooling water circulation system, a lifting cross arm, an electronic control unit, a consumable electrode control unit and a consumable stirrer. The consumable stirrer comprises a stirring shaft and stirring blades which are fixedly connected onto the stirring shaft, and materials of the stirrer are identical to materials of the finally produced large homogeneous electro-slag re-melting steel ingot finished products. The stirring shaft is connected with an output shaft of a speed reducer through a coupling unit, the stirring blades are in sheet structures which thicken from the tops of the blades to the roots of the blades, the stirring blades are fixedly connected onto the stirring shaft in a single-layer multi-sheet mode, and the consumable stirring is controlled by the lifting cross arm to enter and exit the crystallizer. According to the device and the method, rotary flow of molten steel of the steel ingot solidification front is driven by the rotation of the consumable stirrer, so that primary dendrites of the solidification front are fractured to enter melts to form novel crystal nucleuses, the structure compactness is enhanced, and segregation of metal elements are restrained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metallurgical industry large-scale electroslag remelting steel ingot solidifying process technical field, be specifically related to the device and method that a kind of additional consumable blender prepares large-scale homogeneous electroslag remelting steel ingot.
Background technology
In recent years along with the fast development of power industry, nuclear industry and petro chemical industry, increasing to the demand of heavy casting and forging, simultaneously also more and more higher to the quality requirements of heavy casting and forging.Large-scale steel ingot is the product in advance of heavy casting and forging, and its quality is particularly important to raising heavy casting and forging quality.In electroslag remelting crystalizer, the process of setting of steel ingot is typical directional solidification process, and namely have the heat compensator conducting property that side heating and side cool, this directional solidification structure can eliminate the defects such as the segregation of electroslag remelting steel ingot and shrinkage porosite substantially.But the process of setting of large-scale electroslag remelting steel ingot is very long, different according to steel ingot tonnage, from tens hours to up to a hundred hours not etc., solute redistribution is abundant, cause the low melting point such as carbon, phosphorus, low-density element in solidification front enrichment, add other physical process, as the impact of thermosolutal convection etc., make steel ingot zones of different uneven chemical components, cause gross segregation and microsegregation; And in the process of whole cooled and solidified, due to the reason of expanding with heat and contract with cold, air gap can be formed between steel ingot and crystallizer wall, the existence of air gap makes heat conductivility between steel ingot and crystallizer wall decline, the speed that steel ingot outwards conducts heat is affected, and make crystallizer derive heat flow and reduce, ingot solidification speed declines, along with the maximization of steel ingot, this phenomenon is more serious.Accelerate steel ingot cooling, suppress ingotism, be enhance productivity, improve the unique channel of ingot quality.
In steel ingot, the alloying element electroslag remelting initial stage is uniformly distributed in molten steel, but due to alloying element different solubility in solid liquid phase in conventional coagulation process, add that the molten steel Effect of Nature Convection that temperature difference causes makes alloying elements usually after solidification front is separated out and moved on to the earnest district's enrichment of molten steel gradually by row, form gross segregation.The problems such as the segregation of large-scale electroslag remelting steel ingot and shrinkage porosite are the bottlenecks of the high-end equipment qualities such as restriction turbine rotor.Although field of metallurgy obtains certain progress recently in segregation formation mechenism both at home and abroad, as the determination etc. of segregation type, segregation position, but make slow progress in segregation control measure, almost do not have effective measures can suppress or eliminate the inner defect such as gross segregation and shrinkage porosite of large-scale steel ingot.
Summary of the invention
For prior art Problems existing, the invention provides the device and method that a kind of additional consumable blender prepares large-scale homogeneous electroslag remelting steel ingot.
Thought of the present invention is the type of flow changing not solidifying molten steel in During Ingot Solidification, solves the alloying component macroscopic view, the microsegregation problem that produce in large-scale electroslag remelting steel ingot process of setting.Based on Fleming (M.C.Flemings, america's MIT is taught) stirring that proposes solidifies the principle suppressing solidifying segregation, and the consumable blender inserted after large-scale steel ingot casting complete is low-temperature receiver, is again the power source driving molten steel flow, can the degree of superheat be reduced, and accelerate ingot solidification.Reach steel ingot alloying component in process of setting homogenize and the object of closely knit division center by controlling the displacement of consumable blender and rotary speed.
Technical scheme of the present invention is;
A kind of additional consumable blender prepares the device of large-scale homogeneous electroslag remelting steel ingot, comprise crystallizer, consutrode, cooling water recirculation system, lifting transverse arm and electric control gear and consutrode control device, end water tank is fixed on operating platform, crystallizer is placed on the end water tank of cooling water recirculation system, the main vertical rod being positioned at operating platform side connects lifting transverse arm, electric control gear is fixed on lifting transverse arm, described electric control gear comprises control motor and speed reducer, controlling motor is fixed on lifting transverse arm, the output controlling motor connects the input of reductor, this device also comprises consumable blender,
Described consumable blender comprises shaft and stirring vane, and stirring vane is fixedly connected on shaft, and the material of this agitator is identical with the material of the large-scale homogeneous electroslag remelting steel ingot finished product finally prepared;
Described shaft is connected with speed reducer output shaft by hitch bar;
Described stirring vane is the laminated structure thickeied gradually from vane tip to root of blade, and stirring vane adopts individual layer multi-disc mode to be fixedly connected on shaft;
One end that described lifting transverse arm is connected with main vertical rod is sliding end, and this sliding end inwall has some rollers, and roller drives sliding end to move up and down along main vertical rod, controls consumable blender turnover crystallizer.
Described consutrode is no less than two, and the rotating diameter of shaft is less than the electrode circle diameter of each consutrode.
Described consumable blender is positioned at crystallizer center, and consumable blender stirs and constantly melts and consume in crystallizer.
Described shaft is tapered from top to bottom.
The length of described shaft exceedes 1/3rd of the length of consutrode, and shaft stretches into bottom the liquid metal bath of crystallizer, and stirring vane is less than the pole heart radius of circle of each consutrode to the height at top from root.
The device that additional consumable blender described in employing prepares large-scale homogeneous electroslag remelting steel ingot prepares the method for large-scale homogeneous electroslag remelting steel ingot, comprises the steps:
Step 1: cooling water is passed in crystallizer from end water tank inlet, then in crystallizer, put into electrode slag charge or fritting slag charge;
Step 2: by conductive cross arm consutrode to be immersed in the slag bath of crystallizer and pass into heavy current and make comsumable melt, molten steel after consutrode dissolves drips and falls to crystalliser feet by slag blanket, the molten steel accumulated gradually at crystalliser feet forms metal bath, then also solidified gradually by the cooling of crystallizer water-cooling wall again, form steel ingot;
Step 3: when the radius of steel ingot height and crystallizer is suitable in crystallizer, controls lifting transverse arm and liquid metal bath is put into through slag bath in the space of Self comsuming agitator from crystallizer top through between consutrode, and be placed in the center of crystallizer;
Step 4: control consumable blender and start Stirring, the linear velocity of consumable blender blade rotary is suitable with the molten metal convection velocity of liquid metal bath;
Step 5: consumable blender with the rising of liquid metal bath on move, control Electric Machine Control consumable blender rotate and gradually on move, the speed sync that the speed that consumable blender is moved and steel ingot are upwards solidified by crystalliser feet;
Step 6: slag bath move to crystallizer top and at the end of comsumable melt, stop, to consutrode energising, now consutrode and consumable blender remainder being shifted out from crystallizer, cooling water recirculation system continuation operation.
Step 7: when steel ingot cools completely, closes cooling water recirculation system, namely completes the large-scale homogeneous steel ingot of preparation.
Beneficial effect:
The consumable blender of apparatus of the present invention can accelerate steel ingot Cooling Heat Transfer speed as low-temperature receiver, and shortens the ingot solidification time, and consumable blender fusing simultaneously is also equivalent to increase molten speed; The material of this agitator is identical with final finished steel ingot, and composition meets the requirements, and after therefore oneself consumes fusing in consumable blender whipping process, is equivalent to adopt qualified steel closely knit large-scale steel ingot center structure, eliminates the defects such as loose; The rotational flow rotarily driving ingot solidification forward position molten steel of consumable blender, can make the primary dendrite of solidification front rupture, enter in melt and form new nucleus, enhanced tissue compactness, suppresses metallic element component segregation phenomenon.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the Self comsuming agitator structure schematic diagram of the specific embodiment of the invention, wherein, the Self comsuming agitator structure schematic diagram of (a) to be stirring vane be 2 chip board-type structures, the Self comsuming agitator structure schematic diagram of (b) to be stirring vane be 3 chip board-type structures, the Self comsuming agitator structure schematic diagram of (c) to be stirring vane be 4 chip board-type structures;
Fig. 2 is that the consumable blender that utilizes of the specific embodiment of the invention prepares the apparatus structure schematic diagram of large-scale homogeneous electroslag remelting steel ingot, the Self comsuming agitating device structural representation of (a) to be the stirring vane of agitator be 2 chip board-type structures, the Self comsuming agitating device structural representation of (b) to be the stirring vane of agitator be 3 chip board-type structures, the Self comsuming agitating device structural representation of (c) to be the stirring vane of agitator be 4 chip board-type structures;
Fig. 3 is the technical process schematic diagram that large-scale homogeneous electroslag remelting steel ingot prepared by the Self comsuming agitator of the specific embodiment of the invention, wherein, a () the electroslag remelting starting stage just in slag, inserts consutrode schematic diagram, b () is when steel ingot height and crystallizer equal diameters, consumable room agitator schematic diagram is inserted in liquid metal bath, c () is that slag bath rises to crystallizer top, be about to the schematic diagram fetching consutrode and Self comsuming agitator, (d) is that electroslag remelting treats the schematic diagram that steel ingot cools completely latter stage;
Fig. 4 is the method flow diagram that the additional consumable blender of the specific embodiment of the invention prepares large-scale homogeneous electroslag remelting steel ingot;
Wherein, 1-crystallizer, 2-consutrode, 3-crystallizer delivery port, 4-crystallizer water inlet, water tank at the bottom of 5-, water tank intake-outlet at the bottom of 6-, 7-speed reducer output shaft, 8-ring flange, 9-shaft, 10-stirring vane, 11-slag bath, 12-metal bath, 13-steel ingot, 14-crystallizer wall cooling water seam, 15-conductive cross arm, 16-reductor, 17-controls motor, and 18-is elevated transverse arm, 19-clamper, 20-hydraulic test, the main vertical rod of 21-, the edge-on bar of 22-, 23-operating platform.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is elaborated.
The additional consumable blender of present embodiment prepares the device of large-scale homogeneous electroslag remelting steel ingot, as shown in Fig. 2 (a) ~ (c), comprise crystallizer 1, consutrode 2, cooling water recirculation system, lifting transverse arm 18 and electric control gear, consutrode control device and consumable blender.
The slag bath 11 of crystallizer 1 inside is contained with electrode slag charge or fritting slag charge, the state of metal bath 12 is liquid, in esr process, the molten steel that consutrode 2 melts drips and falls to bottom crystallizer 1 by slag bath 11, the molten steel accumulated gradually bottom crystallizer 1 forms metal bath 12, then also solidified gradually by the cooling of crystallizer water-cooling wall again, form this steel ingot 13.
Crystallizer water-cooling system comprises crystallizer wall cooling water seam 14, crystallizer water inlet 4, crystallizer delivery port 3 and end water tank 5, and end water tank 5 is provided with end water tank intake-outlet 6.
End water tank 5 is fixed on operating platform 23, and crystallizer 1 is placed on the end water tank 5 of cooling water recirculation system, the main vertical rod 21 being positioned at operating platform 23 side connects lifting transverse arm 18, and electric control gear is fixed on lifting transverse arm 18.
Electric control gear comprises control motor 17 and reductor 16, controlling motor 17 is fixed on lifting transverse arm 18, the output controlling motor 17 connects the input of reductor 16, and reductor 16 is for controlling the movement velocity of shaft 9, and the elevating movement of lifting transverse arm 18 is controlled by OPS.
Consutrode 2 is no less than two, and consutrode 2 is with crystallizer 1 center for the center of circle is uniformly distributed ringwise, and the rotating diameter of shaft 9 is less than the electrode circle diameter of the center of circle, each consutrode 2 bottom surface formation.
Consumable blender comprises shaft 9 and stirring vane 10, and stirring vane 10 is fixedly connected on shaft 9, the material of this agitator is identical with the material of the large-scale homogeneous electroslag remelting steel ingot finished product finally prepared, and composition meets the requirements, in agitation of molten steel process, consumable blender self is also in continuous consumption.Consumable blender is positioned at crystallizer 1 center, and consumable blender stirs and constantly melts and consume in crystallizer 1.
Because in electroslag remelting, liquid metal bath is shallow, stirring vane should not being designed to multilayer or having inclination angle type, stirring in liquid metal bath by adopting the agitator of straight plate type vane, molten steel is produced and horizontally rotates flowing, acceleration steel ingot cools, and opens up flat melting pool shape, suppresses ingotism; Meanwhile, the loss of agitator self is equivalent to increase its burn-off rate.
Stirring vane 10 is the laminated structure thickeied gradually from vane tip to root of blade, and stirring vane 10 adopts individual layer multi-disc mode to be fixedly connected on shaft 9, and the number of blade can be 2 ~ 4.The material of stirring vane 10 and consumption are determined according to the total amount of heat of prepared large-scale homogeneous electroslag remelting steel ingot molten steel, after stirring terminates, namely make stirring vane 10 as far as possible all consume.Stirring vane 10 is 20 ° ~ 70 ° relative to the angle of inclination of shaft 9, and cone angle and the stirring vane 10 thickness angle of flare of shaft 9 are 9 ° ~ 20 °.As shown in Figure 1, wherein, the stirring vane in (a) is 2 chip board-type structures, and the stirring vane in (b) is 3 chip board-type structures; C the stirring vane in () is 4 chip board-type structures; Shaft 9 is tapered from top to bottom, and shaft 9 is connected with speed reducer output shaft by hitch bar, and in present embodiment, hitch bar is ring flange 8, for connecting speed reducer output shaft 7 and shaft 9.
The length of shaft 9 exceedes 1/3rd of the length of consutrode 2, and shaft 9 stretches into bottom the liquid metal bath of crystallizer 1, stirring vane 10 is less than the pole heart radius of circle radius of the center of circle, each consutrode 2 bottom surface formation to the height at top from root, namely the rotating diameter of agitator should guarantee to pass in and out central area of staying between each consutrode 2; Stirring vane 10 length is suitable with shaft 9 conical section size.
One end that lifting transverse arm 18 is connected with main vertical rod 21 is sliding end, and this sliding end inwall has some rollers, and roller drives sliding end to move up and down along main vertical rod 21, controls consumable blender turnover crystallizer 1.
Consutrode control device comprises hydraulic test 20, conductive cross arm 15 and clamper 19, as shown in Fig. 2 (a) ~ (c), one end of conductive cross arm 15 is connected with the edge-on bar 22 being positioned at operating platform 23 side, the other end of conductive cross arm 15 is provided with clamper 19, one end be connected with edge-on bar 22 of conductive cross arm 15 is sliding end, this sliding end inwall has some rollers, and clamper 19 clamps consutrode 2; The roller of conductive cross arm 15 sliding end drives this sliding end to move up and down along edge-on bar 22.
Device described in employing prepares the method for large-scale homogeneous electroslag remelting steel ingot, as shown in Figure 4, comprises the steps:
Step 1: cooling water is passed in crystallizer from end water tank inlet, then in crystallizer, put into electrode slag charge or fritting slag charge;
Step 2: by conductive cross arm consutrode to be immersed in the slag bath of crystallizer and pass into heavy current and make comsumable melt, molten steel after consutrode dissolves drips and falls to crystalliser feet by slag blanket, the molten steel accumulated gradually at crystalliser feet forms metal bath, then also solidified gradually by the cooling of crystallizer water-cooling wall again, form steel ingot;
Step 3: when the radius of steel ingot height and crystallizer is suitable in crystallizer, controls lifting transverse arm and liquid metal bath is put into through slag bath in the space of Self comsuming agitator from crystallizer top through between consutrode, and be placed in the center of crystallizer;
Step 4: control consumable blender and start Stirring, the linear velocity of consumable blender blade rotary is suitable with the molten metal convection velocity of liquid metal bath;
Step 5: consumable blender with the rising of liquid metal bath on move, control Electric Machine Control consumable blender rotate and gradually on move, the speed sync that the speed that consumable blender is moved and steel ingot are upwards solidified by crystalliser feet;
Step 6: slag bath move to crystallizer top and at the end of comsumable melt, stop, to consutrode energising, now consutrode and consumable blender remainder being shifted out from crystallizer, cooling water recirculation system continuation operation.
Step 7: when steel ingot cools completely, closes cooling water recirculation system, namely completes the large-scale homogeneous steel ingot of preparation.
The process of the large-scale homogeneous electroslag remelting steel ingot of above-mentioned preparation is as shown in Fig. 3 (a) ~ (d), wherein, a () represents that the electroslag remelting starting stage just inserts consutrode in electrode slag charge or fritting slag charge, when () represents steel ingot height and crystallizer equal diameters b, consumable blender is inserted in liquid metal bath, c () represents that slag bath rises to crystallizer top, be about to fetch consutrode and consumable blender, (d) represents that electroslag remelting treats that steel ingot cools completely latter stage.
Claims (6)
1. an additional consumable blender prepares the device of large-scale homogeneous electroslag remelting steel ingot, comprise crystallizer, consutrode, cooling water recirculation system, lifting transverse arm and electric control gear and consutrode control device, end water tank is fixed on operating platform, crystallizer is placed on the end water tank of cooling water recirculation system, the main vertical rod being positioned at operating platform side connects lifting transverse arm, electric control gear is fixed on lifting transverse arm, described electric control gear comprises control motor and speed reducer, controlling motor is fixed on lifting transverse arm, the output controlling motor connects the input of reductor, it is characterized in that: also comprise consumable blender,
Described consumable blender comprises shaft and stirring vane, and stirring vane is fixedly connected on shaft, and the material of this agitator is identical with the material of the large-scale homogeneous electroslag remelting steel ingot finished product finally prepared;
Described shaft is connected with speed reducer output shaft by hitch bar;
Described stirring vane is the laminated structure thickeied gradually from vane tip to root of blade, and stirring vane adopts individual layer multi-disc mode to be fixedly connected on shaft;
One end that described lifting transverse arm is connected with main vertical rod is sliding end, and this sliding end inwall has some rollers, and roller drives sliding end to move up and down along main vertical rod, controls consumable blender turnover crystallizer.
2. additional consumable blender according to claim 1 prepares the device of large-scale homogeneous electroslag remelting steel ingot, it is characterized in that: described consutrode is no less than two, consutrode is with crystallizer center for the center of circle is uniformly distributed ringwise, and the rotating diameter of shaft is less than the electrode circle diameter of the center of circle, each consutrode bottom surface formation.
3. additional consumable blender according to claim 1 prepares the device of large-scale homogeneous electroslag remelting steel ingot, it is characterized in that: described consumable blender is positioned at crystallizer center, and consumable blender stirs and constantly melts and consume in crystallizer.
4. additional consumable blender according to claim 1 prepares the device of large-scale homogeneous electroslag remelting steel ingot, it is characterized in that: described shaft is tapered from top to bottom.
5. additional consumable blender according to claim 1 prepares the device of large-scale homogeneous electroslag remelting steel ingot, it is characterized in that: described consutrode is no less than two, consutrode with crystallizer center for the center of circle is uniformly distributed ringwise, the length of shaft exceedes 1/3rd of the length of consutrode, and shaft stretches into bottom the liquid metal bath of crystallizer, stirring vane is less than the pole heart radius of circle of the center of circle, each consutrode bottom surface formation to the height at top from root.
6. the device adopting additional consumable blender according to claim 1 to prepare large-scale homogeneous electroslag remelting steel ingot prepares the method for large-scale homogeneous electroslag remelting steel ingot, it is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
Step 1: cooling water is passed in crystallizer from end water tank inlet, then in crystallizer, put into electrode slag charge or fritting slag charge;
Step 2: by conductive cross arm consutrode to be immersed in the slag bath of crystallizer and pass into heavy current and make comsumable melt, molten steel after consutrode dissolves drips and falls to crystalliser feet by slag blanket, the molten steel accumulated gradually at crystalliser feet forms metal bath, then also solidified gradually by the cooling of crystallizer water-cooling wall again, form steel ingot;
Step 3: when the radius of steel ingot height and crystallizer is suitable in crystallizer, controls lifting transverse arm and liquid metal bath is put into through slag bath in the space of Self comsuming agitator from crystallizer top through between consutrode, and be placed in the center of crystallizer;
Step 4: control consumable blender and start Stirring, the linear velocity of consumable blender blade rotary is suitable with the molten metal convection velocity of liquid metal bath;
Step 5: consumable blender with the rising of liquid metal bath on move, control Electric Machine Control consumable blender rotate and gradually on move, the speed sync that the speed that consumable blender is moved and steel ingot are upwards solidified by crystalliser feet;
Step 6: slag bath move to crystallizer top and at the end of comsumable melt, stop, to consutrode energising, now consutrode and consumable blender remainder being shifted out from crystallizer, cooling water recirculation system continuation operation;
Step 7: when steel ingot cools completely, closes cooling water recirculation system, namely completes the large-scale homogeneous steel ingot of preparation.
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| CN201310379651.1A CN103406520B (en) | 2013-08-27 | 2013-08-27 | Device and method for producing large homogeneous electro-slag re-melting steel ingots added with consumable stirrer |
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| CN103866140B (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2015-04-22 | 李霞 | Segregation-method continuous ingot casting device |
| CN109047685B (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2020-06-02 | 乌克兰国家科学院E.O.巴顿电焊接研究所 | Method for preparing steel ingot |
| CN111705220B (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2022-06-17 | 北京钢研高纳科技股份有限公司 | Electric slag remelting equipment for ultra-long steel ingot |
| CN111774550B (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2021-11-23 | 安徽工业大学 | Electroslag feeding device for improving crystallization quality of large steel ingot |
| CN111673056B (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2021-12-17 | 安徽工业大学 | Electroslag feeding method for improving crystallization quality of large steel ingot |
| CN113249585B (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2022-02-01 | 东北大学 | Constant molten pool shape electroslag remelting method based on electrode rotation speed control |
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| CN2328454Y (en) * | 1997-08-09 | 1999-07-14 | 甘跃安 | Automatic slag adding machine |
| CN101235430A (en) * | 2008-02-29 | 2008-08-06 | 上海大学 | Impressed electric field pollution-free deoxygenation refining method and device for ladle furnace |
| CN101480715A (en) * | 2009-01-21 | 2009-07-15 | 东北大学 | Electroslag smelting casting device with additional electromagnetic stirring and method |
| US20140326424A1 (en) * | 2011-11-02 | 2014-11-06 | Tohoku Techno Arch Co., Ltd. | Arc melting furnace apparatus and method of arc melting melt material |
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