CN108282122A - A kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor weak magnetism speed expansion method of high dynamic response - Google Patents
A kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor weak magnetism speed expansion method of high dynamic response Download PDFInfo
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- CN108282122A CN108282122A CN201810151013.7A CN201810151013A CN108282122A CN 108282122 A CN108282122 A CN 108282122A CN 201810151013 A CN201810151013 A CN 201810151013A CN 108282122 A CN108282122 A CN 108282122A
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- speed
- weak magnetic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
- H02P21/0085—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation specially adapted for high speeds, e.g. above nominal speed
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the type of motor
- H02P2207/05—Synchronous machines, e.g. with permanent magnets or DC excitation
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor weak magnetism speed expansion methods of high dynamic response, and steps are as follows for the method:Weak magnetic function module is constantly by ω*With ω withωthIt is compared, when comparison result meets condition, enable signal ENABLE is 1, while enabled d rotating speed adjusters, and it is according to ω to complete function*It is given that d shaft currents are provided with the error of ωWhen being unsatisfactory for condition, enable signal does not start, and d shaft currents are givenThe vector controlled for being zero for traditional d shaft currents;D axis and q shaft currents are given It is given respectively to the current regulator of d axis and q axis, adjuster provides d shaft voltages u after calculatingd1With q shaft voltages uq1, then by retaining the resultant voltage clipping module of d shaft voltages, ud1With uq1It is treated as udWith uq.The present invention can be achieved to control with the high dynamic weak magnetism speed expansion of conventional vector control speed ring similar performance, not vibrated during control, and can control seamless switching with conventional vector.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to drive and control of electric machine technical fields, are related to a kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor weak magnetic expansion of high dynamic response
Speed control method.
Background technology
Magnetic field in permanent magnet synchronous motor with armature effect is generated by permanent magnet, is had the characteristics that unadjustable.Therefore, forever
Magnetic-synchro motor can not realize that expansion speed is run by directly adjusting the magnetic field of permanent magnet generation, need weak magnetic control algolithm real
It is existing.
In traditional field weakening control method, the distribution of d axis and q shaft current given values relies heavily on the accurate mould of motor
Type equation, such as torque capacity electric current is than curve, voltage and current Limiting Equations, and also weak magnetic degree adjusts and is based on voltage threshold more
Value.In dynamic process, not only limited by model parameter is inaccurate, but also the voltage based on steady-state behaviour, current limitation
Equation is not fully suitable for transient operating mode, and therefore, it is difficult to realize that the weak magnetic of high dynamic response controls.
In practical applications, many occasions need the expansion speed performance of high dynamic, and the underwater hiding-machine as propeller promotes is urgent
When hedging, need propulsion electric machine that the operation of propeller expansion speed is driven to reach possible maximum speed to be accelerated or be braked.Tradition
Vector control method uses d shaft currents for zero control strategy, can only achieve normal speed without having expansion speed ability.Traditional weak magnetic
Spininess is controlled to steady-state behaviour, is not met the requirements on fast-response.
Invention content
For the above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of expansions of the permanent magnet synchronous motor weak magnetic of high dynamic response
Fast method.From traditional weak magnetic control for rated power carry out the purpose of output-constant operation it is different, it is an object of the invention to
Permanent magnet synchronous motor high dynamic weak magnetism speed expansion, the rotating speed and power that can be rapidly achieved on rated capacity, and according to radiating condition
Expansion speed state can be maintained in short-term or for a long time, can effectively improve propeller and the urgent of the equipment such as underwater hiding-machine, electric vehicle is promoted to keep away
Dangerous ability.
The purpose of the present invention is what is be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor weak magnetism speed expansion method of high dynamic response, includes the following steps:
Step 1: weak magnetic is arranged on the basis of permanent magnet synchronous motor d shaft currents null conventional vector control method
Function module and the resultant voltage clipping module for retaining d shaft voltages;
Step 2: weak magnetic function module is constantly by given rotating speed ω*With actual speed ω and given rotating speed threshold value
Actual speed threshold value ωthIt is compared, when comparison result meets formula (1) condition, enable signal ENABLE is 1, while enabled d
Rotating speed adjuster, it is according to ω which, which completes function,*It is given that d shaft currents are provided with the error of ωIt is being unsatisfactory for formula
(1) when condition, enable signal does not start, and d shaft currents are givenThe vector controlled for being zero for traditional d shaft currents;
Step 3:D axis and q shaft currents are givenIt is given respectively to the current regulator of d axis and q axis, adjuster calculates
After provide d shaft voltages ud1With q shaft voltages uq1, then by retaining the resultant voltage clipping module of d shaft voltages, ud1With uq1According to
Formula (2) is treated as udWith uq:
ud=ud1,
In formula, umaxFor inverter maximum output voltage, u when being indicated with perunit valuemaxIt is 1.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) rotational speed setup and actual speed is used to start the condition of enabling as weak magnetic, method is simple in structure, is not related to motor
The parameter and equation of accurate model.
(2) expansion speed dynamic response is fast, the speed dynamic of dynamic property with the conventional vector control of speed control when expansion speed
It can be close.
(3) the exportable higher overload power in expansion speed, can be improved the urgent of the applications such as underwater hiding-machine or electric device vehicle
Hedging and emergency braking performance.
(4) weak magnetic control section can control seamless switching with conventional vector, need permanent magnet synchronous motor height suitable for various
Dynamic expansion speed occasion.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the control structure block diagram of weak magnetism speed expansion method of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the resultant voltage clipping module flow chart for retaining d shaft voltages;
Fig. 3 is the conventional vector control of 1 revolution speed of propeller of embodiment control and expansion speed control result of the present invention, (a) tradition
Vector controlled rotating speed response curve, (b) the method for the present invention rotating speed response curve, (c) conventional vector control current-responsive curve,
(d) the method for the present invention current-responsive curve, (e) conventional vector control voltage response curves, (f) the method for the present invention voltage responsive is bent
Line;
Fig. 4 is that the conventional vector control of 2 constant load rotating speed of embodiment control and expansion speed control result of the present invention, (a) are passed
System vector controlled rotating speed response curve, (b) the method for the present invention rotating speed response curve, (c) conventional vector control current-responsive curve,
(d) the method for the present invention current-responsive curve, (e) conventional vector control voltage response curves, (f) the method for the present invention voltage responsive is bent
Line;
Fig. 5 is the control result of the control of 3 weak magnetic of the present invention of embodiment and conventional vector control compatibility, the present invention side (a)
Method rotating speed response curve, (b) the method for the present invention current-responsive curve, (c) the method for the present invention voltage response curves.
Specific implementation mode
Technical scheme of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, however, it is not limited to this, every to this
Inventive technique scheme is modified or replaced equivalently, and without departing from the spirit of the technical scheme of the invention and range, should all be covered
In protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention provides a kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor weak magnetism speed expansion method of high dynamic response, the method is same in permanent magnetism
It is provided with weak magnetic function module on the basis of the step null conventional vector control method of motor d shaft currents and retains d shaft voltages
Resultant voltage clipping module, wherein:Weak magnetic function module is responsible for the startup of weak magnetic function and d shaft currents giveThe tune of size
Section, to realize the control with the seamless switching and weak magnetism speed expansion of conventional vector control;Retain the resultant voltage amplitude limit mould of d shaft voltages
The function of block is the d shaft voltages u provided in controldWith q shaft voltages uqResultant voltage be more than inverter maximum output voltage umax,
I.e.When, synthesising output voltage is limited to umaxAnd retaining d shaft voltages, the principle of limitation is to ensure udGreatly
It is small constant, reduce uqSize, it is therefore an objective to eliminate controlling dead error and control be abnormal.Retain the resultant voltage amplitude limit mould of d shaft voltages
Block can eliminate controlling dead error in transient state and steady-state process with weak magnetic function module collective effect, weak magnetic point oscillate around and control it is different
Often.As shown in Figure 1, the specific method is as follows:
Step 1, weak magnetic control enable.When weak magnetic function is not enabled on, motor id=0 conventional vector controls, weak magnetic
Function module is constantly by given rotating speed ω*With actual speed ω and given rotating speed threshold valueActual speed threshold value ωthIt carries out
Compare, when comparison result meets formula (1) condition, enable signal ENABLE is 1, while enabled d rotating speed adjusters, completes work(
It can be for according to ω*It is given that d shaft currents are provided with the error of ω(adjuster can be used but be not limited to conventional PID controllers, becomes
Gain PID controller, repetitive controller etc., special is a little, error is timing, output quantity in this applicationVariation side
To being negative, it is the simple process such as negative to realize that negative sign or error can be added to measure negative or controller parameter by output quantity);Not
When meeting formula (1) condition, enable signal does not start, and d shaft currents are givenThe vector controlled for being zero for traditional d shaft currents.
Step 2, d axis and q shaft currents are givenIt is given respectively to the current regulator of d axis and q axis, adjuster calculates
After provide d shaft voltages ud1With q shaft voltages uq1.Then, by retaining the resultant voltage clipping module of d shaft voltages, ud1With uq1Located
Reason is udWith uq, shown in processing method such as formula (2), flow chart is as shown in Figure 2.U in formulamaxFor inverter maximum output voltage,
U when being indicated with perunit valuemaxIt is 1.
ud=ud1,
Embodiment 1:The expansion speed control effect of underwater hiding-machine propelling screws
The present embodiment 1 gives the weak magnetism speed expansion effect of permanent magnet synchronous motors driving underwater propeller load.Fig. 3 gives
The control effect of conventional vector control and the method for the present invention is gone out, conventional vector controls rotating speed, electric current, voltage responsive respectively as schemed
Shown in 3 (a), (c), (e), such as Fig. 3 (b), (d), (f) are shown respectively for the rotating speed of the method for the present invention, electric current, voltage responsive.Turning
When speed is given as 800rpm, conventional vector control motor speed when contravarianter voltage u reaches maximum is only 670rpm, the present invention
The maximum (top) speed of method is up to given rotating speed 800rpm, and the response time is within 2s.Conventional vector controls der Geschwindigkeitkreis and reaches
The 670rpm response times are 0.7s or so, and the weak magnetism speed expansion method of the method for the present invention is activated in 600rpm, is reached in 0.7s
715rpm, speed dynamic response are controlled better than conventional vector.Although in the load torque meeting of being significantly increased that propeller speedup is brought
Influence the acceleration time, but when the field weakening control method of the present invention reaches 800rpm the response time be less than 2s, speed control when expansion speed
Dynamic property it is close with the speed dynamic property that conventional vector controls.
According to propeller characteristic, output power is directly proportional to rotating speed cube, under conventional vector control method, the spiral shell
Rotation paddle maximum is only capable of output 2038W power, and the method for using the present invention, propeller can export 4142W power.For this reality
The underwater hiding-machine that propeller drives in example is applied, method of the invention can realize high dynamic expansion speed, vector controlled two is reached in 2s
Times or more output power improve urgent danger prevention and the emergency braking performance of device of diving to generate the high thrust of quick response.
In the present embodiment, the enabled threshold value of the weak magnetic function module set by the method for the present invention isωth=
600, given rotating speed ω*=800 be weak magnetic area rotating speed and satisfactionActual speed ω is more than during actually controlling
When 600rpm (t=0.4s), meet ω > ωth, at this time weak magnetic enable signal ENABLE conditions meet, motor weak magnetic function
ENABLE is enabled, while activating d rotating speed adjusters, d shaft currents it is given byIt is converted toIt is given by speed regulator.
D rotating speeds adjuster G in the present embodimentC(s) it is conventional PI control device, special is a little, error inputs in this application
Amount is timing, output quantityChange direction is negative, and negative sign or error can be added to measure negative or controller parameter by output quantity and be
The simple process such as negative are realized.Weak magnetic function is activated after 0.4s it can be seen from Fig. 3 (b), (d), idBy 0A in 4ms
Drop to -29A, rapidly enter weak magnetic field operation state, weak magnetic function module can effectively work.
Fig. 3 (f) gives voltage of the method for the present invention during control, and voltage value indicates that maximum value is with perunit value
1, including d shaft voltages ud, q shaft voltages uq, resultant voltageResultant voltage is up to 1, shows inverter institute
The maximum voltage that can be exported.Resultant voltage more than 1 not only cannot achieve, but also can influence the stability of control.Comparison diagram 3
(e), the resultant voltage clipping module of the method for the present invention can effectively ensure that d shaft voltages amount needed for weak magnetic, and can guarantee maximum conjunction
It is no more than 1 at voltage, i.e. output voltage is effective always.
Embodiment 2:The expansion speed effect of constant load
The weak magnetism speed expansion effect that this gives a permanent magnet synchronous motors under constant load.Fig. 4 gives biography
Unite vector controlled and the method for the present invention control effect, conventional vector control rotating speed, electric current, voltage responsive respectively as Fig. 4 (a),
(c), shown in (e), such as Fig. 4 (b), (d), (f) are shown respectively for the rotating speed of the method for the present invention, electric current, voltage responsive.In rotational speed setup
For 1200rpm when, conventional vector control when contravarianter voltage u reaches maximum motor speed be only 720rpm, the method for the present invention
Actual speed can reach given rotating speed 1200rpm, and the response time is within 2s.The weak magnetic control of the method for the present invention is enabled
Threshold value isωth=600, given rotating speed ω*=800 be weak magnetic area rotating speed and satisfactionWhen practical control
When rotating speed is more than 600rpm during system (t=0.4s), meet ω > ωth, at this time weak magnetic enable signal ENABLE conditions meet,
Motor weak magnetic function ENABLE is enabled, while activating d rotating speed adjusters, d shaft currents it is given byIt is converted toBy rotating speed
Adjuster is given.The method of the present invention can be controlled by conventional vector and switch seamlessly to weak magnetic control, and speed control is dynamic when expansion speed
State property can be close with the speed dynamic property that conventional vector controls.
It is activated in 0.4s or so weak magnetic functions it can be seen from Fig. 4 (b), (d), idDropped to by 0A in 2ms-
26A, rapidly enters weak magnetic field operation state, and weak magnetic function module can effectively work.
Fig. 4 (f) gives voltage of the method for the present invention during control, and voltage value indicates that maximum value is with perunit value
1, including d shaft voltages ud, q shaft voltages uq, resultant voltageResultant voltage is up to 1, shows inverter institute
The maximum voltage that can be exported, the resultant voltage more than 1 not only cannot achieve, but also can influence the stability of control.From Fig. 4 (e)
As can be seen that the resultant voltage clipping module of the method for the present invention can effectively ensure that d shaft voltages amount needed for weak magnetic, and it can guarantee maximum
Resultant voltage be no more than 1, i.e. output voltage is effective always.
To sum up, the condition that method of the invention is enabled using rotational speed setup and speed feedback threshold value as weak magnetic control, weak magnetic
After function is enabled, d shaft currents give with q shaft currents and are adjusted by corresponding speed adjuster, use the conjunction for retaining d shaft voltages
Weak magnetic function d shaft voltage values are realized when ensureing expansion speed at voltage value amplitude limit.Therefore, method of the invention can be realized swears with tradition
The high dynamic weak magnetism speed expansion control of amount control speed ring similar performance, does not vibrate, and can be with tradition during control
Vector controlled seamless switching.
Embodiment 3:The compatibility of the non-control of weak magnetic area weak magnetic and conventional vector control
The method of the present invention starts weak magnetic control by the threshold value comparison condition of given rotating speed and actual speed, works as rotating speed
Under conditions of the setting of threshold value is there are certain allowance, there are non-weak magnetic areas to start the case where weak magnetic controls, and weak magnetic is needed to control energy
Compatible conventional vector control, to avoid vibrating and controlling exception.
It is simultaneous this gives being controlled conventional vector when the control of the weak magnetic of the method for the present invention runs non-weak magnetic area
Capacitive.When using conventional vector control, in the case of contravarianter voltage u reaches maximum motor speed up to 720rpm, turn
Speed, electric current, voltage responsive such as Fig. 4 (a), (c), (e) are shown.
The weak magnetic control that the present embodiment provides enables threshold value and isωth=600, given rotating speed ω*=630 are
Non- weak magnetic area rotating speed and satisfactionWhen rotating speed is more than 600rpm during actually controlling, meet ω > ωth, at this time
Weak magnetic enable signal ENABLE conditions meet, and motor weak magnetic function ENABLE enables (t ≈ 0.6s), while activating d shaft rotation velocity modulations
Save device, d shaft currents it is given byIt is converted toIt is given by speed regulator, rotating speed, electric current, voltage responsive such as Fig. 5 (a),
(b), shown in (c).Although having been at activation shape after the 0.6s moment by weak magnetic control it can be seen from Fig. 5 (a), (b), (c)
State, but d shaft currents decline at the 0.6s moment, and 0 is returned to again at the 0.8s moment after of short duration adjustment, reach and tradition id=0
Identical control effect.In rotating speed response, other than 0.4% overshoot, this method and biography in weak magnetic function activation
Vector controlled dynamic response of uniting is essentially identical, illustrates that the field weakening control method of the present invention can also be according to feelings in the state of activation
Condition automatically adjusts, and can be automatically achieved in non-weak magnetic area and control identical effect with conventional vector, has very with conventional vector control
Good compatibility.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor weak magnetism speed expansion method of high dynamic response, it is characterised in that steps are as follows for the method:
Step 1: weak magnetic function is arranged on the basis of permanent magnet synchronous motor d shaft currents null conventional vector control method
Module and the resultant voltage clipping module for retaining d shaft voltages;
Step 2: weak magnetic function module is constantly by given rotating speed ω*With actual speed ω and given rotating speed threshold valueIt is practical to turn
Fast threshold value ωthIt is compared, when comparison result meets formula (1) condition, enable signal ENABLE is 1, while enabled d rotating speeds
Adjuster, it is according to ω which, which completes function,*It is given that d shaft currents are provided with the error of ωIn the formula that is unsatisfactory for (1) condition
When, enable signal does not start, and d shaft currents are givenThe vector controlled for being zero for traditional d shaft currents;
Step 3:D axis and q shaft currents are givenIt is given respectively to the current regulator of d axis and q axis, adjuster provides after calculating
D shaft voltages ud1With q shaft voltages uq1, then by retaining the resultant voltage clipping module of d shaft voltages, ud1With uq1According to formula (2) quilt
Processing is udWith uq:
In formula, umaxFor inverter maximum output voltage, u when being indicated with perunit valuemaxIt is 1.
2. the permanent magnet synchronous motor weak magnetism speed expansion method of high dynamic response according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the d
Rotating speed adjuster is conventional PID controllers, variable gain PID controller or repetitive controller.
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109474220A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-03-15 | 四川虹美智能科技有限公司 | A kind of motor control method and MCU |
CN109586640A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-04-05 | 四川虹美智能科技有限公司 | A kind of motor control method and MCU |
CN110149080A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-08-20 | 上海新时达电气股份有限公司 | Permanent magnet synchronous motor field weakening control method and its device |
CN111555686A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-08-18 | 威睿电动汽车技术(宁波)有限公司 | Dynamic flux weakening control method and device applied to permanent magnet synchronous motor |
CN113783496A (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2021-12-10 | 中山亿泰克电动车有限公司 | Algorithm for automatically increasing power of electric golf cart |
CN113992099A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-01-28 | 北京国家新能源汽车技术创新中心有限公司 | FOC-based permanent magnet synchronous motor weak magnetic out-of-control method, system, computer and storage medium |
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CN109474220A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-03-15 | 四川虹美智能科技有限公司 | A kind of motor control method and MCU |
CN109586640A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-04-05 | 四川虹美智能科技有限公司 | A kind of motor control method and MCU |
CN110149080A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-08-20 | 上海新时达电气股份有限公司 | Permanent magnet synchronous motor field weakening control method and its device |
CN110149080B (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2021-03-30 | 上海新时达电气股份有限公司 | Flux weakening control method and device for permanent magnet synchronous motor |
CN111555686A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-08-18 | 威睿电动汽车技术(宁波)有限公司 | Dynamic flux weakening control method and device applied to permanent magnet synchronous motor |
CN113783496A (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2021-12-10 | 中山亿泰克电动车有限公司 | Algorithm for automatically increasing power of electric golf cart |
CN113783496B (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2024-04-02 | 中山亿泰克电动车有限公司 | Algorithm for automatically increasing power of electric golf cart |
CN113992099A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-01-28 | 北京国家新能源汽车技术创新中心有限公司 | FOC-based permanent magnet synchronous motor weak magnetic out-of-control method, system, computer and storage medium |
WO2023098181A1 (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2023-06-08 | 北京国家新能源汽车技术创新中心有限公司 | Foc-based permanent magnet synchronous motor field-weakening runaway control method, computer, and storage medium |
CN113992099B (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2024-03-22 | 北京国家新能源汽车技术创新中心有限公司 | FOC-based permanent magnet synchronous motor flux weakening control method, system, computer and storage medium |
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