CN108279281B - Method and device for controlling oxygen-enriched combustion process of metal - Google Patents
Method and device for controlling oxygen-enriched combustion process of metal Download PDFInfo
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- CN108279281B CN108279281B CN201810084610.2A CN201810084610A CN108279281B CN 108279281 B CN108279281 B CN 108279281B CN 201810084610 A CN201810084610 A CN 201810084610A CN 108279281 B CN108279281 B CN 108279281B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for controlling a metal oxygen-enriched combustion process, wherein the method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a sample: (2) preparing a flame-retardant sleeve: (3) installing a cooling device: (4) installing a sample: (5) performing an oxygen-enriched combustion test; (6) and taking out the sample after the combustion test is finished. The device comprises a rod-shaped test sample, wherein a flame-retardant sleeve is sleeved outside the rod-shaped test sample, a cooling device is sleeved outside the flame-retardant sleeve, the cooling device is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, and a water pressure safety device is arranged at the water outlet. The invention has the following advantages: convenient operation and high experimental safety. The threshold value of the flame-retardant oxygen-enriched combustion pressure is high (more than 69MPa), the combustion heat is low, and the flame-retardant oxygen-enriched combustion pressure is not easy to ignite; the applicability is high, and the device can be used for rapidly stopping oxygen-enriched combustion of various materials, particularly flammable alloys under oxygen enrichment; the method is beneficial to researching the combustion phenomenon, substance transfer and element distribution in the oxygen-enriched combustion process of the metal material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal combustion behavior test and failure evaluation, and relates to a method and a device for controlling a metal oxygen-enriched combustion process.
Background
Under the conditions of high temperature, high pressure and oxygen-enriched atmosphere, most metal materials can generate a combustion phenomenon similar to materials such as wood, nylon and the like, namely metal combustion. The characteristics are as follows: a sharp rise in temperature generates a flame, emitting glare and accompanied by a violent release of heat. With the development of large-thrust rockets at home and abroad, the requirement on the carrying capacity of the rockets is higher and higher, the large-thrust rockets mainly adopt liquid oxygen kerosene rocket engines or liquid oxygen liquid hydrogen rocket engines, and the working environment of materials for the rocket engines is high pressure, high temperature and rich in oxygen, so that the risk of combustion exists. Such as: in 1980, the Johnson space center test field exploded, and the explosion was found to be caused by combustion of the second-stage aluminum regulating valve of the engine; the american marshall aviation center 116 test bed was fired with a liner and piston made of 316L, A286 stainless steel at a high pressure of 35MPa with oxygen enrichment and the resulting system exploded. Research works reported at home and abroad and related literature patents thereof show that high-temperature alloys, copper alloys and stainless steel materials have combustion risks under the condition of oxygen enrichment. The invention also discloses a corresponding method and a corresponding system for testing the combustion behavior of the metal material under the oxygen-enriched condition in China. The existing methods and systems for analyzing and testing the combustion behavior of materials still have certain limitations: (1) in the process of material combustion, the combustion behavior, the combustion organization and the substance transfer are deduced according to the sample after the combustion is stopped, and the verification cannot be obtained; (2) some flammable alloys are violently burned under extremely low oxygen pressure until they are burned out, and no effective burning sample can be obtained to analyze their burning behavior. Aiming at the problems, the invention discloses a method and a device for controlling a metal oxygen-enriched combustion process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a device for controlling a metal oxygen-enriched combustion process, which can interrupt combustion by rapidly guiding out combustion heat generated in the combustion process of a metal material under an oxygen-enriched condition. The research on the organization change, the substance transfer and the element distribution in the oxygen-enriched combustion process of the metal material is realized, and a basis is provided for the research on the oxygen-enriched combustion behavior and the flame retardant mechanism of the metal material.
The invention mainly relates to a method and a device for controlling a metal oxygen-enriched combustion process, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a sample: sample was processed into a rod shape, sample size: the diameter phi is 0.1 mm-15 mm, and the length is 70-200 mm. And (3) grinding and polishing the outer surface of the sample to ensure that the surface roughness Ra is less than or equal to 0.2 mu m, so as to increase the contact area between the sample and the outer flame-retardant layer of the sample and increase the heat conduction.
(2) Manufacturing a flame-retardant sleeve: the size of the inner circle of the sleeve is consistent with the diameter of the sample, the diameter of the outer circle of the sleeve is equal to +4mm-6mm of the diameter of the sample, and the length of the outer circle of the sleeve is more than or equal to 20 mm. The flame-retardant sleeve and the sample are tightly sleeved on the sample, and the distance between the lower surface of the sleeve and the ignition end of the sample is set according to experiments.
(3) Installing a cooling device: and a cooling device is arranged outside the flame-retardant sleeve, the cooling device is cylindrical, and the inner wall of the cooling device is tightly matched with the outer wall of the flame-retardant sleeve. A safety device is arranged on the water outlet of the cooling device.
(4) Installing a sample: fixing the sample with the flame-retardant sleeve and the cooling device on a sample rack of combustion experimental equipment through a fixing device;
(5) performing an oxygen-enriched combustion test;
(6) and taking out the sample after the combustion test is finished. And taking down the flame-retardant sleeve and the cooling device from the fixed end of the sample.
In the step (2), the inner surface of the flame-retardant sleeve is tightly matched with the outer surface of the test sample so as to effectively conduct combustion heat, and the flame-retardant sleeve adopts high-Ni alloy (the content of nickel is more than or equal to 70 percent) or pure Ni which has better anti-combustion performance than the test sample.
And (4) detecting whether circulating water leaks or not by the safety device through water pressure change in the step (3), and automatically powering off and triggering the equipment safety device if leakage occurs, so as to ensure the safety of the experiment. The cooling device is made of Cu or copper alloy with good heat conductivity and is tightly matched with the flame-retardant sleeve to more efficiently guide out combustion heat;
the device for implementing the method for controlling the metal oxygen-enriched combustion process comprises a rod-shaped test sample, wherein a flame-retardant sleeve is sleeved outside the rod-shaped test sample, a cooling device is sleeved outside the flame-retardant sleeve, the cooling device is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, and a water pressure safety device is arranged at the water outlet.
The method and the device for controlling the oxygen-enriched combustion process of the metal have the following advantages that:
1. convenient operation and high experimental safety. The flame-retardant oxygen-enriched combustion pressure threshold value is high (more than 69MPa), the combustion heat is low, and the flame-retardant oxygen-enriched combustion is not suitable for ignition.
2. The method has high applicability, and can be used for rapidly stopping oxygen-enriched combustion of various materials, particularly for combustible alloys under oxygen enrichment.
3. The method is beneficial to researching the combustion phenomenon, substance transfer and element distribution in the oxygen-enriched combustion process of the metal material.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of an apparatus for controlling a metal oxycombustion process according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a comparative graph of a combustion sample of example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a comparative graph of a combustion sample of example 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a comparative graph of a combustion sample of example 3 of the present invention.
1 water inlet in fig. 1; 2, sampling; 3, a flame-retardant sleeve; 4, a cooling device; 5, fixing devices; 6, a sample rack; 7 a hydraulic safety device; 8 water outlet.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention mainly relates to a method and a device for controlling a metal oxygen-enriched combustion process. FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of an apparatus for controlling a metal oxycombustion process according to the present invention. The device comprises a rod-shaped test sample 2, a flame-retardant sleeve 3 is sleeved outside the rod-shaped test sample, a cooling device 4 is sleeved outside the flame-retardant sleeve, the cooling device is provided with a water inlet 1 and a water outlet 8, and a water pressure safety device 7 is arranged at the water outlet.
Example 1: sample material Fe95Ni5
(1) Preparation of sample 2: processing a sample into a rod shape, and carrying out grinding and polishing treatment on the outer surface of the sample to ensure that the surface roughness Ra is less than or equal to 0.2 mu m, and the size of the sample is as follows: the diameter phi is 3.5mm, and the length is 70 mm.
(2) Manufacturing a flame-retardant sleeve 3: the inner circle size phi of the sleeve is 3.5mm, the outer circle diameter phi of the sleeve is 7.5mm, and the length is 30 mm. The flame-retardant sleeve is tightly sleeved on the sample, and the distance between the lower surface of the sleeve and the ignition or ignition end of the sample is 20 mm;
(3) installing the cooling device 4: and a cooling device is arranged outside the flame-retardant sleeve, the cooling device is cylindrical, and the inner wall of the cooling device is tightly matched with the outer wall of the flame-retardant sleeve.
(4) Installing a sample: fixing the sample with the flame-retardant sleeve and the cooling device on a sample rack 6 of the combustion experimental equipment through a fixing device 5;
(5) oxygen-enriched combustion test, wherein the experimental parameters are magnesium strip ignition, and the experimental oxygen pressure is 0.01 MPa;
(6) taking out the sample after the combustion test is completed, as shown in fig. 2, wherein (a) the original sample; (b) a combustion sample without the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 installed; (c) the combustion sample after the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 was mounted. And taking down the flame-retardant sleeve and the cooling device from the fixed end of the sample.
Example 2: sample material Fe92Cr8
(1) Preparing a sample: processing a sample into a rod shape, and carrying out grinding and polishing treatment on the outer surface of the sample to ensure that the surface roughness Ra is less than or equal to 0.2 mu m, and the size of the sample is as follows: the diameter phi is 3.5mm, and the length is 70 mm.
(2) Manufacturing a flame-retardant sleeve: the inner circle size phi of the sleeve is 3.5mm, the outer circle diameter phi of the sleeve is 7.5mm, and the length is 30 mm. The flame-retardant sleeve is tightly sleeved on the sample, and the distance between the lower surface of the sleeve and the ignition or ignition end of the sample is 25 mm;
(3) installing a cooling device: and a cooling device is arranged outside the flame-retardant sleeve, the cooling device is cylindrical, and the inner wall of the cooling device is tightly matched with the outer wall of the flame-retardant sleeve.
(4) Installing a sample: fixing the sample with the flame-retardant sleeve and the cooling device on a sample rack of combustion experimental equipment through a fixing device;
(5) oxygen-enriched combustion test, wherein the experimental parameter is magnesium strip ignition, and the experimental oxygen pressure is 1.5 MPa;
(6) taking out the sample after the combustion test is completed, as shown in fig. 3, wherein (a) the original sample; (b) a combustion sample without the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 installed; (c) the combustion sample after the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 was mounted. And taking down the flame-retardant sleeve and the cooling device from the fixed end of the sample.
Example 3: sample material Fe76Cr14Ni10
(1) Preparing a sample: processing a sample into a rod shape, and carrying out grinding and polishing treatment on the outer surface of the sample to ensure that the surface roughness Ra is less than or equal to 0.2 mu m, and the size of the sample is as follows: the diameter phi is 3.5mm, and the length is 70 mm.
(2) Manufacturing a flame-retardant sleeve: the inner circle size phi of the sleeve is 3.5mm, the outer circle diameter phi of the sleeve is 7.5mm, and the length is 30 mm. The flame-retardant sleeve is tightly sleeved on the sample, and the distance between the lower surface of the sleeve and the ignition or ignition end of the sample is 12 mm;
(3) installing a cooling device: and a cooling device is arranged outside the flame-retardant sleeve, the cooling device is cylindrical, and the inner wall of the cooling device is tightly matched with the outer wall of the flame-retardant sleeve.
(4) Installing a sample: fixing the sample with the flame-retardant sleeve and the cooling device on a sample rack of combustion experimental equipment through a fixing device;
(5) oxygen-enriched combustion test, wherein the experimental parameter is magnesium strip ignition, and the experimental oxygen pressure is 1.5 MPa;
(6) after the completion of the combustion test, the sample was taken out as shown in FIG. 4, in which (a) the original sample; (b) a combustion sample without the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 installed; (c) the combustion sample after the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 was mounted. And taking down the flame-retardant sleeve and the cooling device from the fixed end of the sample.
The above embodiments describe the technical solutions of the present invention in detail. It will be clear that the invention is not limited to the described embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes, but any changes equivalent or similar to the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method of controlling a metal oxycombustion process, comprising the steps of:
(1) preparing a sample: treating the outer surface of the rod-shaped sample to ensure that the surface roughness Ra is less than or equal to 0.2 mu m;
(2) preparing a flame-retardant sleeve: the diameter of the excircle of the flame-retardant sleeve is equal to the diameter of the test sample + (4mm-6 mm); the flame-retardant sleeve is made of high-Ni alloy with the nickel content being more than or equal to 70% or pure Ni, and the diameter of the inner circle of the flame-retardant sleeve is equal to that of the sample;
(3) installing a cooling device: a cooling device is arranged outside the flame-retardant sleeve, the cooling device is cylindrical, and the inner wall of the cooling device is tightly matched with the outer wall of the flame-retardant sleeve; the cooling device is made of Cu or copper alloy;
(4) installing a sample: fixing the sample with the flame-retardant sleeve and the cooling device on a sample rack of combustion experimental equipment;
(5) performing an oxygen-enriched combustion test;
(6) and taking out the sample after the combustion test is finished.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the sample in step (1) has a diameter of 0.1mm to 15mm and a length of 70 to 200 mm.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein a water pressure safety device is arranged at the water outlet of the cooling device in the step (3), and whether circulating water leakage occurs or not is judged by measuring the change of the water pressure.
4. An apparatus for implementing the method of claim 1, comprising a bar-shaped test sample, wherein a flame-retardant sleeve is sleeved outside the bar-shaped test sample, a cooling device is sleeved outside the flame-retardant sleeve, the cooling device is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, and a water pressure safety device is arranged at the water outlet.
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| CN108279281B true CN108279281B (en) | 2022-02-15 |
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| CN109596770B (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2021-07-23 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Propellant powder explosion fragment pressure relief combustion stopping device |
| CN110082476A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-08-02 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | A kind of metal burning pilot system |
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