CN108278738A - A kind of control method of multi-mode computer-room air conditioning system - Google Patents
A kind of control method of multi-mode computer-room air conditioning system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108278738A CN108278738A CN201810093978.5A CN201810093978A CN108278738A CN 108278738 A CN108278738 A CN 108278738A CN 201810093978 A CN201810093978 A CN 201810093978A CN 108278738 A CN108278738 A CN 108278738A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of control methods of multi-mode computer-room air conditioning system, outdoor temperature is divided into three different functional areas, and the functional areas residing for outdoor temperature accordingly switch cold source system and run on refrigeration cycle pattern, gas pump cycle pattern and natural circulation mode.The control method of the present invention can be according to outdoor temperature and indoor load size, adjust operating status, the operating status of the operating status of air pump, the operating status of throttling set and condenser of compressor, it realizes and substitutes compression refrigeration cycle pattern using gas pump cycle pattern and natural circulation mode using outdoor natural cooling source in low temperature season, reduce the unit cost of existing compound air-conditioning system, system structure is simplified, maintenance difficulties are reduced;Simultaneously can efficiently use round the clock, the outdoor natural cooling source of transition season and winter, operation energy consumption is greatly lowered, have excellent effects of energy saving and emission reduction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of control methods of multi-mode computer-room air conditioning system.
Background technology
The fast development of information industry and digital Construction, pushed computer room, base station quantity, construction scale quickly increases
It is long, according to statistics computer room, base station air conditioner energy consumption account for the 40%~50% of its total energy consumption.Computer room, the sensible heat load ratio of base station are big, and one
The four seasons in year need continuous operation, and side set temperature is less than the season of outside temperature indoors, and conventional air-conditioning system still needs to continue
Compression-type refrigerating system is run, refrigeration system working efficiency is low and easily breaks down, if indoor/outdoor temperature-difference low cost can be utilized
Conveying heat provides cold for indoor, will greatly reduce the energy consumption and operating cost of air-conditioning system.In the high warm season such as summer
Section is by using the cold achievable refrigeration system Effec-tive Function in ground, significantly lifting system efficiency.It is room using outdoor Cryogenic air
The method that inside provides cold has obtained the concern of scholar in the industry and engineers and technicians, and engineering skill is unfolded in different forms
Art research, the fresh air system such as used at present, in addition there are various forms of gas-gas, air-water heat-exchange systems, and application
The composite air conditioner of circulating technology.
A kind of air-cooled circular form computer-room air conditioning system is disclosed in Chinese invention patent application 201010528027.X, it should
System has two kinds of operating modes of compression-type refrigeration and heat pipe circularly cooling.When outdoor temperature >=20 DEG C when system is with chill formula work
Make, participates in the first refrigeration working medium of refrigeration cycle evaporation endothermic in evaporative condenser, cooling and the second refrigeration working medium of condensation;When
When 20 DEG C of outdoor temperature <, system is converted to heat pipe circularly cooling pattern, using the second refrigeration working medium of outdoor Cryogenic air pair into
Row is cooling and condenses, and compression-type refrigeration cycle is stopped, to effectively reduce annual air conditioning energy consumption.This system is utilizing outdoor
Cryogenic air cold and the deficiency for ensuring to compensate in terms of indoor air quality first two system, but compression-type refrigeration and heat pipe follow
Ring two kinds of operating modes of refrigeration switch in a certain temperature spot, and can the refrigerating capacity of system steadily be connected and reliably working etc., is worth
It considers;The relatively low cold for being unfavorable for maximally utilizing outdoor Cryogenic air of ceiling temperature of heat pipe cycle operation simultaneously.
Utility model patent CN01278831.7 discloses a kind of energy-saving refrigeration cycling devices with circulating pump, in heat pipe
The working efficiency for being conducive to improve heat pipe cycle in the circulatory system using circulating pump, to condensation when also simplifying circulatory system installation
The requirement of device, liquid storage device and evaporator relative position, but patent CN01278831.7 is maximally utilizing outdoor Cryogenic air
Deficiency in terms of cold is similar with 201010528027.X, i.e. the ceiling temperature of heat pipe cycle operation it is necessary it is relatively low could be with refrigeration
Cyclo-stationary is connected.
Chinese invention patent application 201710818872.2 discloses a kind of compound annual cooling of convertible operating mode
Cooling system, system contains air pump, compressor and multiple switching valves, although separate type circulation pattern, air pump may be implemented
Circulation pattern and mechanical refrigeration pattern, but the excessive switching valve of system so that product cost is significantly increased, and control difficulty increases,
And multiple pattern conversion and control modes are not provided.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of existing technologies and natural cooling source can maximumlly be utilized by providing one kind,
The control method of the multi-mode computer-room air conditioning system of refrigeration and heat pipe cycle is infinitely constructed according to the indoor and outdoor temperature difference.
Realizing a kind of technical solution of the object of the invention is:A kind of control method of multi-mode computer-room air conditioning system, it is described
Air-conditioning system includes cold source system, main control unit and temperature collecting cell;Cold source system include compressor, air pump, oil eliminator,
Condenser, throttling set, evaporator and gas-liquid separator;Wherein, the compressor is vented by one or more in parallel having
Mouthful with the compression mechanism of air entry at the exhaust outlet of each compressor is separately connected the import of first check valve;The gas
Pump is made of one or more air pumps with exhaust outlet and air entry in parallel, and the exhaust outlet of each air pump is separately connected one
The import of second check valve;The entrance of the oil eliminator is connected with the outlet of first check valve and the second check valve,
The oil return opening of the oil eliminator is connected by oil return capillary with the air entry of the air entry of compressor and air pump;The condensation
The entrance of device is connected with the outlet of the oil eliminator;The entrance of the throttling set is connected with the outlet of the condenser
Logical, the throttling set is in parallel with a bypass valve;The entrance of the evaporator is connected with the outlet of the throttling set, the steaming
A natural circulation valve is connected between the outlet and the entrance of the condenser of hair device;The entrance of the gas-liquid separator passes through a master
Road valve is connected with the outlet of the evaporator;The main control unit is connect with cold source system signal;The temperature collecting cell
For acquiring outdoor temperature and indoor temperature and being connect with the main control unit signal, make main control unit according to indoor and outdoor temperature
Control the operating status of the compressor, air pump, the wind turbine of condenser and throttling set;
Outdoor temperature T0 is divided into three functional areas:Refrigeration area, air pump area and Natural Circulation area;
The refrigeration area is:Outdoor temperature T0 > T1;The air pump area is:Outdoor temperature T2 < T0≤T1;The nature
Race way is:Outdoor temperature T0≤T2;Wherein T1 > T2;
The main control unit runs on refrigeration for functional areas different residing for outdoor temperature T0, the corresponding cold source system that switches
Circulation pattern, gas pump cycle pattern and natural circulation mode:
The refrigeration cycle pattern of the corresponding refrigeration area:By compressor, the first check valve, oil eliminator, condenser, throttling
Device, evaporator, main road valve and gas-liquid separator constitute refrigeration working medium circuit;
The gas pump cycle pattern in the corresponding air pump area:By air pump, the second check valve, oil eliminator, condenser, bypass
Valve, evaporator, main road valve and gas-liquid separator constitute refrigeration working medium circuit;
The natural circulation mode in the corresponding Natural Circulation area:By evaporator, natural circulation valve, condenser, bypass valve structure
At natural convection loop;
When cold source system is in refrigeration mode, compressor operating, air pump is closed, and main road valve is opened, and natural circulation valve is closed
It closes, bypass valve is closed, and the wind turbine of compressor, throttling set and condenser is determined according to indoor load size and outdoor temperature
Operating status realizes the accurate adjusting of cold;
When cold source system is in gas pump cycle pattern, compressor is closed, and air pump work, main road valve is opened, Natural Circulation
Valve is closed, and bypass valve is opened, and main control unit determines the rotating speed and condenser of air pump according to indoor load size and outdoor temperature T
Rotation speed of fan, realize the accurate adjusting of cold;
When cold source system is in natural circulation mode, compressor and air pump are turned off, and main road valve is closed, natural circulation valve
It opens, bypass valve is opened, and main control unit determines that the wind turbine of condenser turns according to indoor load size and outdoor temperature T height
Speed realizes the accurate adjusting of cold.
The control method of above-mentioned multi-mode computer-room air conditioning system, wherein the oil return opening of the oil eliminator and the pressure
A quick drainback passage is also set up between the air entry of contracting machine, which includes that a root long degree is less than the oil return
The quick oil return capillary and the oil return solenoid valve on quick oil return capillary of capillary;When cold source system runs on system
When SAPMAC method pattern, if the compressor is frequency-changeable compressor, when the running frequency of compressor less than X=20~40Hz and is held
When the continuous time is t=1h, the quick oil return solenoid valve is opened into 3~5min and realizes quick oil return;When cold source system is run on
When gas pump cycle pattern, the quick oil return solenoid valve is normally open.
The control method of above-mentioned multi-mode computer-room air conditioning system, wherein when cold source system runs on gas pump cycle pattern
When, the oil eliminator is arranged in the position higher than the compressor and air pump.
The control method of above-mentioned multi-mode computer-room air conditioning system, wherein the condenser is air-cooled condenser, water cooling is cold
Condenser or evaporative condenser.
The control method of above-mentioned multi-mode computer-room air conditioning system, wherein when cold source system running mode switching, use
Temperature gap method and delay control method switch over;Set the outdoor temperature deviation delta T0 and Δ t that holds time;
As outdoor temperature T0 >=T1+ Δ T0, and the Δ t that holds time, then cold source system is switched to refrigeration cycle pattern;
As outdoor temperature T2+ Δs T0≤T0≤T1- Δ T0, and the Δ t that holds time, then cold source system is switched to air pump and follows
Ring mode;
It as outdoor temperature T0≤T2- Δ T0, and holds time as Δ t, then cold source system is switched to natural circulation mode.
The control mode of the multi-mode computer-room air conditioning system of the present invention can distinguish switchover operation in system according to outdoor temperature
SAPMAC method pattern, gas pump cycle pattern and natural circulation mode pass through control under refrigeration cycle pattern according to computer room payload
The operating status of compressor processed, the rotation speed of fan realization system stable operation of throttling set and condenser, in gas pump cycle pattern
Under, realize system stable operation by controlling the operating status of air pump and the rotation speed of fan of condenser, under natural circulation mode,
Rotation speed of fan by controlling condenser realizes system stable operation, realizes and uses gas using outdoor natural cooling source in low temperature season
Pump circulation pattern and natural circulation mode substitute compression refrigeration cycle pattern, reduce the machine composition of existing compound air-conditioning system
This, simplifies system structure, reduces maintenance difficulties;Can efficiently use simultaneously round the clock, the outdoor in transition season and winter it is natural
Operation energy consumption is greatly lowered in low-temperature receiver, has excellent effects of energy saving and emission reduction.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the control method of the multi-mode computer-room air conditioning system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structure principle chart of the multi-mode computer-room air conditioning system of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is that the compound computer-room air conditioning system of air pump of the present invention runs on the schematic diagram of refrigeration cycle pattern;
Fig. 4 is that the compound computer-room air conditioning system of air pump of the present invention runs on the schematic diagram of gas pump cycle pattern;
Fig. 5 is that the compound computer-room air conditioning system of air pump of the present invention runs on the schematic diagram of natural circulation mode.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It please refers to Fig.1 to Fig. 5, the control method of multi-mode computer-room air conditioning system of the invention, air-conditioning system includes low-temperature receiver
System, main control unit and temperature collecting cell;Cold source system includes compressor 1, air pump 2, oil eliminator 4, condenser 5, throttling
Device 6, evaporator 7 and gas-liquid separator 8;Wherein,
Compressor 1 is by one or more compression mechanisms with exhaust outlet and air entry in parallel at each compressor 1
Exhaust outlet is separately connected the import of first check valve 31;Air pump 2 has exhaust outlet and air-breathing by one or more parallel connections
The air pump of mouth is constituted, and the exhaust outlet of each air pump 2 is separately connected the import of second check valve 32;The entrance of oil eliminator 4
It is connected with the outlet of the first check valve 31 and the second check valve 32, the oil return opening of the oil eliminator 4 passes through oil return capillary 40
Be connected with the air entry of the air entry of compressor 1 and air pump 2, the oil return opening of the oil eliminator 4 and the air entry of compressor 1 it
Between also set up a quick drainback passage, the quick drainback passage include a root long degree be less than oil return capillary 40 quick oil return
Capillary 41 and the oil return solenoid valve 42 on quick oil return capillary 41;The entrance of condenser 5 goes out with oil eliminator 4
Mouth is connected, which is air-cooled condenser, water-cooled condenser or evaporative condenser;The entrance of throttling set 6A with it is cold
The outlet of condenser 5 is connected, and the throttling set 6 is in parallel with a bypass valve 60;The entrance of evaporator 7 goes out with throttling set 6
Mouth is connected, and a natural circulation valve 9 is connected between the outlet and the entrance of condenser 5 of the evaporator 7;Gas-liquid separator 8 enters
Mouth is connected with the outlet of evaporator 7 (see Fig. 2) by a main road valve 10;Main control unit is connect with cold source system signal;Temperature
Collecting unit for acquiring outdoor temperature and indoor temperature and connect with main control unit signal, make main control unit according to interior,
The operating status of outer temperature control compressor 1, air pump 2, the wind turbine of condenser 5 and throttling set 6;
The control method of multi-mode computer-room air conditioning system of the present invention is:
Outdoor temperature T0 is divided into three functional areas:Refrigeration area, air pump area and Natural Circulation area;
Refrigeration area is:Outdoor temperature T0 > T1;Air pump area is:Outdoor temperature T2 < T0≤T1;Natural Circulation area is:It is outdoor
Temperature T0≤T2;
Wherein T1 > T2 set T1 and T2 according to specific operating mode;
Main control unit runs on refrigeration cycle for functional areas different residing for outdoor temperature T0, the corresponding cold source system that switches
Pattern, gas pump cycle pattern and natural circulation mode:
The refrigeration cycle pattern of corresponding refrigeration area:By compressor 1, the first check valve 31, oil eliminator 4, condenser 5, section
It flows device 6, evaporator 7, main road valve 10 and gas-liquid separator 8 and constitutes refrigeration working medium circuit (see Fig. 3);
The gas pump cycle pattern in corresponding air pump area:By air pump 2, the second check valve 32, oil eliminator 4, condenser 5, bypass
Valve 60, evaporator 7, main road valve 10 and gas-liquid separator 8 constitute refrigeration working medium circuit (see Fig. 4);
The natural circulation mode in corresponding Natural Circulation area:By evaporator 7, natural circulation valve 9, condenser 5,60 structure of bypass valve
At natural convection loop (see Fig. 5);
When cold source system is in refrigeration mode, compressor 1 works, and air pump 2 is closed, and main road valve 10 is opened, Natural Circulation
Valve 9 is closed, and bypass valve 60 is closed, and the fortune of 5 wind turbine of compressor 1 and condenser is determined according to indoor load size and outdoor temperature
Row state realizes the accurate adjusting of cold;Throttling set 6 by from condenser 5 come out high pressure liquid refrigerant reducing pressure by regulating flow at
The refrigerant of low temperature, main control unit is according to indoor load size and outdoor temperature T0 or indoor temperature T and outdoor
The difference Δ T of temperature T0 determines that the rotation speed of fan of the rotating speed of compressor 1, the aperture of throttling set 6 and condenser 5 realizes cold
It is accurate to adjust;If compressor 1 is frequency-changeable compressor, when the running frequency of compressor 1 is less than X=20~40Hz and duration
For t=1h or so operating mode when, by quick drainback passage oil return solenoid valve 42 open 3~5min, realize quick oil return;
When cold source system is in gas pump cycle pattern, compressor 1 is closed, and air pump 2 works, and main road valve 10 is opened, natural
Circulating valve 9 is closed, and bypass valve 60 is opened, and quick oil return solenoid valve 42 is normally open;Oil eliminator 4 is arranged in higher than compression
The position of machine 1 and air pump 2, to ensure that cold source system being capable of high-efficiency oil-return;Main control unit is according to indoor load size and outdoor
The difference Δ T of temperature T0 or indoor temperature T and outdoor temperature T0 adjusts the rotation speed of fan of the rotating speed and condenser 5 that determine air pump 2, real
The accurate adjusting of existing cold;
When cold source system is in natural circulation mode, compressor 1 and air pump 2 are turned off, and main road valve 10 is closed, and is followed naturally
Ring valve 9 is opened, and bypass valve 60 is opened, and main control unit is according to indoor load size and outdoor temperature T0 or indoor temperature T and room
The difference Δ T of outer temperature T0 adjusts the rotation speed of fan of condenser 5, realizes the accurate adjusting of cold.
For 38 DEG C of constant temperature machine rooms, if setting T1 as 25 DEG C, T2 is 10 DEG C, when outdoor temperature T0≤10 DEG C, low-temperature receiver system
System runs on natural circulation mode, and when 10 DEG C of T0≤25 DEG C < of outdoor temperature, cold source system runs on gas pump cycle pattern, when
When 25 DEG C of outdoor temperature T0 >, cold source system runs on refrigeration cycle pattern.
When cold source system running mode switching, also temperature gap method and delay control method is used to switch over;Set
Determine outdoor temperature deviation delta T0 and the Δ t that holds time;
As outdoor temperature T0 >=T1+ Δ T0, and the Δ t that holds time, then cold source system is switched to refrigeration cycle pattern;
As outdoor temperature T2+ Δs T0≤T0≤T1- Δ T0, and the Δ t that holds time, then cold source system is switched to air pump and follows
Ring mode;
It as outdoor temperature T0≤T2- Δ T0, and holds time as Δ t, then cold source system is switched to natural circulation mode;
Outdoor temperature deviation delta T0 and the Δ t that holds time are arranged as the case may be.
Above example is used for illustrative purposes only rather than limitation of the present invention, the technology people in relation to technical field
Member, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can also make various transformation or modification, therefore all equivalent
Technical solution should also belong to scope of the invention, should be limited by each claim.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of control method of multi-mode computer-room air conditioning system, the air-conditioning system include cold source system, main control unit and temperature
Spend collecting unit;Cold source system includes compressor, air pump, oil eliminator, condenser, throttling set, evaporator and gas-liquid separation
Device;Wherein, the compressor has the compression mechanisms of exhaust outlet and air entry into each compressor by one or more parallel connections
Exhaust outlet be separately connected the import of first check valve;The air pump is had exhaust outlet and is inhaled by one or more in parallel
The air pump of gas port is constituted, and the exhaust outlet of each air pump is separately connected the import of second check valve;The oil eliminator enters
Mouthful be connected with the outlet of first check valve and the second check valve, the oil return opening of the oil eliminator by oil return capillary and
The air entry of compressor and the air entry of air pump are connected;The entrance of the condenser is connected with the outlet of the oil eliminator
It is logical;The entrance of the throttling set is connected with the outlet of the condenser, and the throttling set is in parallel with a bypass valve;It is described
The entrance of evaporator is connected with the outlet of the throttling set, connects between the outlet of the evaporator and the entrance of the condenser
Connect a natural circulation valve;The entrance of the gas-liquid separator is connected by a main road valve with the outlet of the evaporator;It is described
Main control unit is connect with cold source system signal;The temperature collecting cell for acquire outdoor temperature and indoor temperature and with it is described
Main control unit signal connect, make main control unit according to indoor and outdoor temperature control the compressor, air pump, condenser wind turbine and
The operating status of throttling set;It is characterized in that,
Outdoor temperature T0 is divided into three functional areas:Refrigeration area, air pump area and Natural Circulation area;
The refrigeration area is:Outdoor temperature T0 > T1;The air pump area is:Outdoor temperature T2 < T0≤T1;The Natural Circulation
Qu Wei:Outdoor temperature T0≤T2;Wherein T1 > T2;
The main control unit runs on refrigeration cycle for functional areas different residing for outdoor temperature T0, the corresponding cold source system that switches
Pattern, gas pump cycle pattern and natural circulation mode:
The refrigeration cycle pattern of the corresponding refrigeration area:By compressor, the first check valve, oil eliminator, condenser, throttling dress
It sets, evaporator, main road valve and gas-liquid separator constitute refrigeration working medium circuit;
The gas pump cycle pattern in the corresponding air pump area:By air pump, the second check valve, oil eliminator, condenser, bypass valve, steaming
It sends out device, main road valve and gas-liquid separator and constitutes refrigeration working medium circuit;
The natural circulation mode in the corresponding Natural Circulation area:It is made of certainly evaporator, natural circulation valve, condenser, bypass valve
Right circulation loop;
When cold source system is in refrigeration mode, compressor operating, air pump is closed, and main road valve is opened, and natural circulation valve is closed, other
Road valve is closed, and the operation of the wind turbine of compressor, throttling set and condenser is determined according to indoor load size and outdoor temperature
State realizes the accurate adjusting of cold;
When cold source system is in gas pump cycle pattern, compressor is closed, and air pump work, main road valve is opened, and natural circulation valve is closed
It closes, bypass valve is opened, and main control unit determines the rotating speed of air pump and the wind of condenser according to indoor load size and outdoor temperature T
Machine rotating speed realizes the accurate adjusting of cold;
When cold source system is in natural circulation mode, compressor and air pump are turned off, and main road valve is closed, and natural circulation valve is beaten
It opens, bypass valve is opened, and main control unit determines the rotation speed of fan of condenser according to indoor load size and outdoor temperature T height,
Realize the accurate adjusting of cold.
2. the control method of multi-mode computer-room air conditioning system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the oil eliminator
Oil return opening and the air entry of the compressor between also set up a quick drainback passage, the quick drainback passage include one
The quick oil return capillary and the oil return solenoid valve on quick oil return capillary that length is less than the oil return capillary;When
When cold source system runs on refrigeration cycle pattern, if the compressor is frequency-changeable compressor, when the running frequency of compressor is less than X
When=20~40Hz and duration are t=1h, the quick oil return solenoid valve is opened into the quick oil return of 3~5min realizations;
When cold source system runs on gas pump cycle pattern, the quick oil return solenoid valve is normally open.
3. the control method of multi-mode computer-room air conditioning system according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that when low-temperature receiver system
When system runs on gas pump cycle pattern, the oil eliminator is arranged in the position higher than the compressor and air pump.
4. the control method of multi-mode computer-room air conditioning system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the condenser is
Air-cooled condenser, water-cooled condenser or evaporative condenser.
5. the control method of multi-mode computer-room air conditioning system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that when cold source system is cut
When changing operational mode, switched over using temperature gap method and delay control method;I.e. setting outdoor temperature deviation delta T0 with
And the Δ t that holds time;
As outdoor temperature T0 >=T1+ Δ T0, and the Δ t that holds time, then cold source system is switched to refrigeration cycle pattern;
As outdoor temperature T2+ Δs T0≤T0≤T1- Δ T0, and the Δ t that holds time, then cold source system is switched to gas pump cycle mould
Formula;
It as outdoor temperature T0≤T2- Δ T0, and holds time as Δ t, then cold source system is switched to natural circulation mode.
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CN110035644A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-07-19 | 湖北兴致天下信息技术有限公司 | A kind of concentration cooled heat pipe air conditioner multi-line system |
CN110081556A (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2019-08-02 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | The regulation method and apparatus of air-conditioning |
CN112539581A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-03-23 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Air conditioning unit, refrigeration equipment and control method of air conditioning unit |
CN113531862A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-10-22 | 苏州英维克温控技术有限公司 | Variable-frequency fluorine pump air conditioner control method and device, electronic equipment and medium |
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CN110081556A (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2019-08-02 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | The regulation method and apparatus of air-conditioning |
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CN114216277A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-03-22 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Cabinet air conditioner and control method thereof |
CN114251858A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-03-29 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Air conditioning system and control method thereof |
CN116007160A (en) * | 2022-12-27 | 2023-04-25 | 中国铁塔股份有限公司 | Refrigeration control method and device for air conditioning system |
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Application publication date: 20180713 |