CN108277503A - A kind of aluminium electroloysis is given up innoxious cathode, recycling processing method and processing system - Google Patents
A kind of aluminium electroloysis is given up innoxious cathode, recycling processing method and processing system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108277503A CN108277503A CN201810194343.4A CN201810194343A CN108277503A CN 108277503 A CN108277503 A CN 108277503A CN 201810194343 A CN201810194343 A CN 201810194343A CN 108277503 A CN108277503 A CN 108277503A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
- C25C3/12—Anodes
- C25C3/125—Anodes based on carbon
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of useless cathodes of aluminium electroloysis innoxious, recycling processing method and processing system, it belongs to technical field of aluminum electrolysis.A kind of aluminium electroloysis is given up, and cathode is innoxious, recycling processing method, and useless cathode obtains the first Carbon Materials by high-temperature process；Biomass waste material passes through charing process, obtains the second Carbon Materials；First Carbon Materials, the second Carbon Materials are mixed with biomass adhesive, third Carbon Materials are obtained after overmolding, drying and processing.The production aggregate of the metallurgy such as third Carbon Materials are alternative or partial alternative coke, petroleum coke, calcined anthracite, graphite are broken, aluminium anode and cathode, electrode paste.The present invention realizes that useless cathode is innoxious, recycling treatment, by by useless cathode and biomass energy compatibility, it is effectively utilized biomass energy, useless cathode is not only set to obtain recycling treatment, save the broken this non-renewable resources of coke, petroleum coke, calcined anthracite, graphite simultaneously, the material generated in the process is utilized effectively, and does not generate secondary pollution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of useless cathodes of aluminium electroloysis innoxious, recycling processing method and processing system, it belongs to aluminium electricity
Solve technical field.
Background technology
Electrolytic aluminium waste slot liner is inevitable solid waste during Aluminum Electrolysis Production, and aluminium discharge capacity per ton is 7.5-
15kg, waste lining the inside content of fluoride is usually in 30-40%, and cyanide content is usually in 100ppm.According to《Hazardous waste reflects
Other standard -- leaching characteristic identification》GB5085.3, content of fluoride ion about 1000-5000mg/L in waste lining, the content of cyanide
10-30mg/L is severely exceeded（The limit value in relation to inorganic fluoride is 100mg/L, cyanide in standard（CN-）Limit value
5mg/L）, belong to hazardous waste（It presses《National Hazard waste register》, hazardous waste code 331-023-48）, direct emission can make
At the serious pollution of environment.36,000,000 tons or so of electrolytic aluminium yield in 2017, continuous 16 years electrolytic aluminium yield be in the world
First, it is more than the 50% of China's non-ferrous metal total output.7.5~10kg waste cathode carbon blocks are generated according to primary aluminum per ton to calculate, 2017
Generate about 25~400,000 tons of useless cathodes, the 1-2% of about national hazardous waste discharge capacity year.Currently, the main side disposed both at home and abroad
Formula, which is stockpiling or landfill, most of enterprise, does not have harmlessness disposing facility.With the implementation of new environmental law, electrolytic aluminium waste slot liner
Innoxious, recycling has become the technical issues of those skilled in the art are badly in need of solving.
For many years, those skilled in the art have carried out a large amount of Technology Ways designs, research and development, and it is more comprehensive to achieve multipath
Local achievement.By market survey, current each disposing technique is general during innoxious, recycling treatment electrolytic aluminium waste slot liner
Store-through is secondary pollution is serious, the adjustment of apparatus and process route is difficult, relocation equipment transition equal technical barriers of high cost.All electrolysis
The unripe electrolytic aluminium waste slot liner of aluminium enterprise is innoxious, disposal of resources technology.
Aluminium cathode raw material includes mainly petroleum coke, coal tar pitch and electric calcined anthracite etc..These raw material sources are in oil stone
Change and coal chemical industry industry.The problems such as fossil energy there is reserves limited, non-renewable and environmental pollution is big, therefore, exploitation
Environmental-friendly new energy is the research topic and industry that future world various countries support energetically.Biomass is currently the only can to turn
Turn to the renewable resource of liquid fuel, have derive from a wealth of sources, enormous amount, easily stored, CO2Zero-emission, NOXAnd SOXDischarge
The advantages that few, has become the fourth largest source after coal, oil and natural gas, account for about global energy total amount consumed at present
15%.As environmental protection puts more effort and technological progress, biomass energy have a extensive future.
Invention content
Giving up in order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of aluminium electroloysis, cathode is innoxious, recycling treatment side
Method and processing system, it is therefore an objective to which the useless cathode of aluminium electroloysis and life is effectively utilized in innoxious, the recycling for realizing the cathode that gives up
The substance energy makes useless cathode obtain recycling treatment, at the same save coke, petroleum coke, anthracite, graphite it is broken it is this can not be again
Production-goods source, the material generated in production process are utilized effectively, and do not generate secondary pollution.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of aluminium electroloysis is given up, and cathode is innoxious, recycling processing method, and its step are as follows：Useless cathode is taken to obtain carbon block by broken
It is heated to 1500-2600 DEG C by high-temperature processing device after particle, heat preservation then is cooled to room temperature to obtain the first charcoal for 30-60 minutes
Material；By being dried to moisture after biomass waste material is crushed<It is heated to 800-1000 DEG C into high temperature carbonization equipment after 10%,
Heat preservation then is cooled to room temperature to obtain the second Carbon Materials for 30-60 minutes；By the first Carbon Materials, the second Carbon Materials and biomass gluing
Agent is added to mixing equipment and passes through mixed-forming, and drying after forming obtains third Carbon Materials.
The first above-mentioned Carbon Materials：Fixed C content >=92%, volatile matter≤4%, ash content≤3%, moisture≤1%；Second raw material of wood-charcoal
Material：Fixed C content >=85%, volatile matter≤8%, ash content≤4%, moisture≤1%；Third Carbon Materials：Fixed C content >=90%, volatilization
Point≤5.5%, ash content≤3.5%, moisture≤1%.
The flue gas that above-mentioned high-temperature processing device and high temperature carbonization equipment generate discharges after purification, and cleaning equipment is collected
Biomass char by 800-1000 DEG C distillation 30-90 minute after obtain the coke of projectile structure, mix in anode coke be used for give birth to
Produce qualified carbon anode.
Above-mentioned useless cathode passes through the carbon block particle for being crushed to granularity≤10mm, and biomass waste material is crushed to granularity≤10mm
Biological particles, useless cathode by the first crushing plant is broken obtain carbon block particle after in high-temperature processing device access device
Enter in high-temperature processing device after being mixed.
A kind of aluminium electroloysis is given up, and cathode is innoxious, recycling treatment system, and structure is as follows：First crushing plant discharge end with
High-temperature processing device feeding end connects, and the material outlet of high-temperature processing device is connect with the first cooling equipment feeding mouth, and first is cold
But the feeding end of equipment discharge end and mixing equipment connects, the feeding end of the discharge end and high temperature carbonization equipment of the second crushing plant
Connection, the discharge port of high temperature carbonization equipment are connect with the feeding mouth of the second cooling equipment, and second cools down the discharge end of equipment and mix
Expect that the feeding end connection of equipment, the discharge end of mixing equipment and the feeding end of molding machine connect, mixing equipment is equipped with biomass
Adhesive feeding mouth.
The first above-mentioned crushing plant discharge port passes sequentially through the first conveying equipment, the first feed bin and high-temperature processing device and enters
Jaws equipment connects, and high-temperature processing device access device is pan feeding hopper, and the described first cooling equipment discharge port passes sequentially through the
Two conveying equipments, the second feed bin and the connection of the feeding mouth of third conveying equipment and mixing equipment.
The discharge port of the second above-mentioned crushing plant passes sequentially through the first drying equipment, biological particles collecting device and
Four conveying equipments are connect with the feeding end of high temperature carbonization equipment, and the discharge port of the molding machine passes through the tenth conveying equipment and
Two drying equipment feeding mouths connect, and the discharge port of the second drying equipment is connect with the 11st conveying equipment.
The discharge port of the second above-mentioned cooling equipment passes sequentially through the 5th conveying equipment, third feed bin and the 6th conveying equipment
It is connect with the feeding mouth of mixing equipment, the discharge port of mixing equipment is connect by the 9th conveying equipment with molding machine feeding mouth.
The biomass adhesive feeding mouth of above-mentioned mixing equipment is connected by the 8th conveying equipment and the 4th feed bin discharge hole
It connects, the 4th feed bin feeding mouth is connect with the 7th conveying equipment.
The exhanst gas outlet of above-mentioned high-temperature processing device is connect with the entrance of the first cleaning equipment, the cigarette of the first cleaning equipment
Gas outlet is connect with chimney entrance, and the exhanst gas outlet of high temperature carbonization equipment is connect with the entrance of the second cleaning equipment, the second purification
The exhanst gas outlet of equipment is connect with chimney entrance.
Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme so that the invention has the advantages that and effect：
The present invention heats useless cathode useless cathode in high-temperature processing device, make the cyanogen root decomposition in useless cathode volatilize into
Enter flue gas, fluoride enters purification system with flue gas, treated, and the first Carbon Materials, the stove containing fluoride can be obtained in useless cathode
Aerial root recycles fluoride salt, treating tail gas qualified discharge according to its physics and chemical property；Biomass waste material is in high temperature carbonization equipment
Obtain the second Carbon Materials after high temperature carbonization, the fuel gas volatilized in carbonization process can it is purified after set for high temperature carbonization
Standby fuel, qualified discharge after the purified improvement of remaining tail gas, the biological tar generated in carbonization process are received by the second cleaning equipment
Collection, obtains the coke of projectile structure after high temperature distillation is handled, and mixes in anode coke for producing qualified carbon anode；First
The third Carbon Materials that Carbon Materials, the second Carbon Materials and biomass adhesive obtain after mixing, extrusion forming, drying, production
Product index is as follows（Following index is part, can carry out different ratio according to different requirements and make different category products）：
First Carbon Materials index：Fixed C content >=92%, volatile matter≤4%, ash content≤3%, moisture≤1%；
Second Carbon Materials index：Fixed C content >=85%, volatile matter≤8%, ash content≤4%, moisture≤1%；
Novel third Carbon Materials index：Fixed C content >=90%, volatile matter≤5.5%, ash content≤3.5%, moisture≤1%, density can
It is pressed into 1.4-1.8 g/cm according to substitute products difference3
Present invention the whole series processing system water, the minimum discharge up to standard of gas pollutant, environment protection standard can effectively improve waste cathode carbon block
Innoxious, recycling treatment efficiency and resource reclaim maximization.It is sharp that the present invention realizes the innoxious of useless cathode, recycling
With, biomass energy is effectively utilized, product is alternative or partial alternative coke, petroleum coke, calcined anthracite, graphite are broken etc.
The production aggregate of metallurgy, aluminium anode and cathode, electrode paste, the biomass coke tar generated during biomass carbonated, by high temperature
The coke obtained after distillation mixes the carbon anode for producing qualification in anode coke, and useless cathode is not only made to obtain recycling treatment,
The broken this non-renewable resources of coke, petroleum coke, calcined anthracite, graphite are saved simultaneously, and generated in production process
Material is utilized effectively, and does not generate secondary pollution, and environment protection standard processing meets the newest environment protectment protection of country and technology rule
Model requirement.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that aluminium electroloysis of the present invention gives up that cathode is innoxious, structural schematic diagram of recycling treatment system.
In figure：1, the first crushing plant；2, the first conveying equipment；3, the first feed bin；4, high-temperature processing device access device；
5, high-temperature processing device；6, high-temperature processing device exports；7, the first cooling equipment；8, the first cleaning equipment；9, chimney；10,
Two conveying equipments；11, the second feed bin；12, third conveying equipment；13, the second disintegrating apparatus；14, the first drying equipment；15, raw
Material grains collecting device；16, the 4th conveying equipment；17, high temperature carbonization equipment；18, the second cooling equipment；19, the 5th conveying
Equipment；20, third feed bin；21, the 6th conveying equipment；22, the second cleaning equipment；23, the 7th conveying equipment；24, the 4th feed bin；
25, the 8th conveying equipment；26, mixing equipment；27, the 9th conveying equipment；28, molding machine；29, the tenth conveying equipment；30, second
Drying equipment；31, the 11st conveying equipment.
Specific implementation mode
Carry out technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples clearly completely to be described.It is aobvious
So described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the reality in the present invention
Example is applied, every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts all belongs to
In the scope of protection of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of useless cathode of aluminium electroloysis of the present invention is innoxious, recycling treatment system, structure is as follows：First
1 discharge end of crushing plant is connect with 5 feeding end of high-temperature processing device, and the material outlet of high-temperature processing device 5 is set with the first cooling
Standby 7 feeding mouths connect, and the first cooling 7 discharge end of equipment is connect with the feeding end of mixing equipment 26, and the second crushing plant 13 goes out
Material end is connect with the feeding end of high temperature carbonization equipment 17, the pan feeding of the discharge port of high temperature carbonization equipment 17 and the second cooling equipment 18
Mouthful connection, second cooling equipment 18 discharge end connect with the feeding end of mixing equipment 26, the discharge end of mixing equipment 26 and at
The feeding end of type machine 28 connects, and mixing equipment 26 is equipped with biomass adhesive feeding mouth.
In order to achieve the purpose that the working efficiency of raising, 1 discharge port of the first crushing plant pass sequentially through the first conveying equipment
2, the first feed bin 3 is connect with high-temperature processing device access device 4, and high-temperature processing device access device 5 is pan feeding hopper, and first is cold
But 7 discharge port of equipment passes sequentially through the second conveying equipment 10, the second feed bin 11 and third conveying equipment 12 and mixing equipment 26
Feeding mouth connects, and the discharge port of the second crushing plant 13 passes sequentially through the first drying equipment 14, biological particles collecting device 15
It is connect with the 4th conveying equipment 16 with the feeding end of high temperature carbonization equipment 17, the discharge port of the second cooling equipment 18 passes sequentially through the
Five conveying equipments 19, third feed bin 20 and the 6th conveying equipment 21 are connect with the feeding mouth of mixing equipment 26, mixing equipment 26
Discharge port is connect by the 9th conveying equipment 27 with 28 feeding mouth of molding machine, and the discharge port of molding machine 28 passes through the tenth conveying equipment
29 connect with 30 feeding mouth of the second drying equipment, and the discharge port of the second drying equipment 30 is connect with the 11st conveying equipment 31, mix
The biomass adhesive feeding mouth of material equipment 26 is connect by the 8th conveying equipment 25 with 24 discharge port of the 4th feed bin, the 4th feed bin
24 feeding mouths are connect with the 7th conveying equipment 23.
In order to achieve the purpose that Recovery Purifying dust, the exhanst gas outlet of high-temperature processing device 5 enter with the first cleaning equipment 8
Mouth connection, the exhanst gas outlet of the first cleaning equipment 8 are connect with 9 entrance of chimney, the exhanst gas outlet of high temperature carbonization equipment 17 and second
The entrance of cleaning equipment 22 connects, and the exhanst gas outlet of the second cleaning equipment 22 is connect with 9 entrance of chimney.
Above equipment preferably uses following specific equipment, but this cannot be used for limiting protection scope of the present invention, as long as energy
Achieve the purpose that each equipment, within protection scope of the present invention, above-mentioned high temperature carbonization equipment 17 uses high temperature carbonization furnace,
First crushing plant 1 uses wood grinder using jaw crusher and the second disintegrating apparatus 13；First conveying equipment 2, second
Conveying equipment 10, the 5th conveying equipment 19, the 7th conveying equipment 23 are all made of bucket elevator；Third conveying equipment the 12, the 4th
Conveying equipment 16, the 6th conveying equipment 21, the 8th conveying equipment 25, the 9th conveying equipment 27 are all made of screw conveyor；Tenth
Conveying equipment 29 and the 11st conveying equipment 31 are all made of plate-and-chain conveyer；First feed bin 3, the second feed bin 11, third feed bin 20
It is all made of steel feed bin with the 4th feed bin 24；High-temperature processing device 5 uses continuous high-temperature stove；First cooling equipment 7, second cools down
Equipment 18 is all made of coolconveyer；First cleaning equipment 8 uses bag filter；Second cleaning equipment 22 uses water bath dust-removing
Device；First drying equipment 14 and the second drying equipment 30 are all made of dryer；Biological particles collecting device 15 is received using whirlwind
Dirt device；Mixing equipment 26 uses edgd runner；Molding machine 28 uses extrusion type forming machine.
Method in following embodiments is unless otherwise instructed conventional method, and the percentage composition in following embodiments is equal
For mass percentage.
Embodiment 1
A kind of aluminium electroloysis of the present invention is given up, and cathode is innoxious, recycling processing method, and useless cathode is taken to be put into the progress of the first crushing plant 1
It is broken, it is crushed to the carbon block particle of granularity≤10mm, obtains heating during carbon block particle is transported to 5 in high-temperature processing device by broken
To 1500 DEG C, heat preservation then is cooled to room temperature to obtain the first Carbon Materials for 60 minutes；Biomass waste material is crushed to granularity≤10mm
Biological particles, biological particles are transported in the first drying equipment and are dried, and are dried to moisture<After 10%, after drying
Material, which delivers into high temperature carbonization equipment 17, is heated to 800 DEG C, and heat preservation then is cooled to room temperature to obtain the second raw material of wood-charcoal for 60 minutes
Material；First Carbon Materials, the second Carbon Materials and biomass adhesive are added to mixing equipment by mixing, the first Carbon Materials, the
The mass ratio of two Carbon Materials and biomass adhesive is 100:4:4, mixed material, which is transported in molding machine, to be molded, at
Material after type obtains third Carbon Materials after drying.
The flue gas that above-mentioned high-temperature processing device and high temperature carbonization equipment generate discharges after purification, and cleaning equipment is collected
Biomass coke tar, obtain the coke of projectile structure after 90 minutes by 800 DEG C of distillations, mix in anode coke for producing qualification
Carbon anode.
Biomass waste material used in the present embodiment uses agriculture and forestry organic waste material or timber waste.
Embodiment 2
A kind of aluminium electroloysis of the present invention is given up, and cathode is innoxious, recycling processing method, and useless cathode is taken to be put into the progress of the first crushing plant 1
It is broken, it is crushed to the carbon block particle of granularity≤10mm, obtains heating during carbon block particle is transported to 5 in high-temperature processing device by broken
To 2600 DEG C, heat preservation then is cooled to room temperature to obtain the first Carbon Materials for 30 minutes；Biomass waste material is crushed to granularity≤10mm
Biological particles, biological particles are transported in the first drying equipment and are dried, and are dried to moisture<After 10%, after drying
Material, which delivers into high temperature carbonization equipment 17, is heated to 1000 DEG C, and heat preservation then is cooled to room temperature to obtain the second raw material of wood-charcoal for 40 minutes
Material；First Carbon Materials, the second Carbon Materials and biomass adhesive are added to mixing equipment by mixing, the first Carbon Materials, the
The mass ratio of two Carbon Materials and biomass adhesive is 100:30:1, mixed material, which is transported in molding machine, to be molded,
Material warp drying later after molding obtains third Carbon Materials.
The flue gas that above-mentioned high-temperature processing device and high temperature carbonization equipment generate discharges after purification, and cleaning equipment is collected
Biomass coke tar, by 1000 DEG C distillation 30 minutes after obtain the coke of projectile structure, mix in anode coke for produce close
The carbon anode of lattice.
Biomass waste material used in the present embodiment uses the fowl and animal excrement or waste during Animal husbandry production.
Embodiment 3
A kind of aluminium electroloysis of the present invention is given up, and cathode is innoxious, recycling processing method, and useless cathode is taken to be put into the progress of the first crushing plant 1
It is broken, it is crushed to the carbon block particle of granularity≤10mm, obtains heating during carbon block particle is transported to 5 in high-temperature processing device by broken
To 2000 DEG C, heat preservation then is cooled to room temperature to obtain the first Carbon Materials for 45 minutes；Biomass waste material is crushed to granularity≤10mm
Biological particles, biological particles are transported in the first drying equipment and are dried, and are dried to moisture<After 10%, after drying
Material, which delivers into high temperature carbonization equipment 17, is heated to 900 DEG C, and heat preservation then is cooled to room temperature to obtain the second raw material of wood-charcoal for 60 minutes
Material；First Carbon Materials, the second Carbon Materials and biomass adhesive are added to mixing equipment by mixing, the first Carbon Materials, the
The mass ratio of two Carbon Materials and biomass adhesive is 100:10:5, mixed material, which is transported in molding machine, to be molded,
Material warp drying later after molding obtains third Carbon Materials.
The flue gas that above-mentioned high-temperature processing device and high temperature carbonization equipment generate discharges after purification, and cleaning equipment is collected
Biomass coke tar, obtain the coke of projectile structure after 45 minutes by 950 DEG C of distillations, mix in anode coke for producing qualification
Carbon anode.
Biomass waste material used in the present embodiment uses the wood fibres such as stalk, the trees in agriculture and forestry production process
Element.
Embodiment 4
A kind of aluminium electroloysis of the present invention is given up, and cathode is innoxious, recycling processing method, and useless cathode is taken to be put into the progress of the first crushing plant 1
It is broken, it is crushed to the carbon block particle of granularity≤10mm, obtains heating during carbon block particle is transported to 5 in high-temperature processing device by broken
To 1800 DEG C, heat preservation then is cooled to room temperature to obtain the first Carbon Materials for 50 minutes；Biomass waste material is crushed to granularity≤10mm
Biological particles, biological particles are transported in the first drying equipment and are dried, and are dried to moisture<After 10%, after drying
Material, which delivers into high temperature carbonization equipment 17, is heated to 950 DEG C, and heat preservation then is cooled to room temperature to obtain the second raw material of wood-charcoal for 45 minutes
Material；First Carbon Materials, the second Carbon Materials and biomass adhesive are added to mixing equipment by mixing, the first Carbon Materials, the
The mass ratio of two Carbon Materials and biomass adhesive is 100:20:3, mixed material, which is transported in molding machine, to be molded,
Material warp drying later after molding obtains third Carbon Materials.
The flue gas that above-mentioned high-temperature processing device and high temperature carbonization equipment generate discharges after purification, and cleaning equipment is collected
Biomass coke tar, obtain the coke of projectile structure after 65 minutes by 900 DEG C of distillations, mix in anode coke for producing qualification
Carbon anode.
Biomass waste material used in the present embodiment uses the wood fibres such as stalk, the trees in agriculture and forestry production process
Element.
Embodiment 5
A kind of aluminium electroloysis of the present invention is given up, and cathode is innoxious, recycling processing method, and useless cathode is taken to be put into the progress of the first crushing plant 1
It is broken, it is crushed to the carbon block particle of granularity≤10mm, obtains heating during carbon block particle is transported to 5 in high-temperature processing device by broken
To 1600 DEG C, heat preservation then is cooled to room temperature to obtain the first Carbon Materials for 40 minutes；Biomass waste material is crushed to granularity≤10mm
Biological particles, biological particles are transported in the first drying equipment and are dried, and are dried to moisture<After 10%, after drying
Material, which delivers into high temperature carbonization equipment 17, is heated to 850 DEG C, and heat preservation then is cooled to room temperature to obtain the second raw material of wood-charcoal for 35 minutes
Material；First Carbon Materials, the second Carbon Materials and biomass adhesive are added to mixing equipment by mixing, the first Carbon Materials, the
The mass ratio of two Carbon Materials and biomass adhesive is 100:8:2, mixed material, which is transported in molding machine, to be molded, at
Later drying obtains third Carbon Materials to material warp after type.
The flue gas that above-mentioned high-temperature processing device and high temperature carbonization equipment generate discharges after purification, and cleaning equipment is collected
Biomass coke tar, obtain the coke of projectile structure after 70 minutes by 850 DEG C of distillations, mix in anode coke for producing qualification
Carbon anode.
Biomass waste material used in the present embodiment is useless using farming industry leftover bits and pieces, discarded shell, sugaring crop
Slag.
Working principle of the invention is as follows：The cathode that gives up in above process enters high-temperature process after the first crushing plant is broken
Equipment carries out heating and handles, and so that the cyanogen root decomposition in useless cathode is volatized into flue gas, fluorine ion enters purification with flue gas and is
The first Carbon Materials can be obtained in system, the useless cathode after reaction, and tail gas governance for reaching standard after the purification of the first cleaning equipment discharges；Biology
Matter waste material carries out charing process in high temperature carbonization equipment after crushing and drying and obtains the second Carbon Materials, volatilizees in carbonization process
The fuel gas gone out can be used for high temperature carbonization equipment fuel, row up to standard after the purified improvement of remaining tail gas after the second cleaning equipment
It puts, the biomass coke tar generated in carbonization process is collected by the second cleaning equipment, and bullet knot is obtained after high temperature distillation is handled
The coke of structure is mixed in anode coke for producing qualified carbon anode；First Carbon Materials, the second Carbon Materials and biomass gluing
Agent is added to the novel third Carbon Materials that mixing equipment produced after evenly mixing through overmolding drying unit different qualities,
The mass ratio of first Carbon Materials and the second Carbon Materials is 100:4-30, adhesive is appropriate, and product testing index is as follows：
First Carbon Materials Testing index prepared by embodiment 1-5 is as follows：Fixed C content >=92%, volatile matter≤4%, ash content≤3%,
Moisture≤1%；
Second Carbon Materials Testing index prepared by embodiment 1-5 is as follows：Fixed C content >=85%, volatile matter≤8%, ash content≤4%,
Moisture≤1%；
Third Carbon Materials Testing index prepared by embodiment 1-5：Fixed C content >=90%, volatile matter≤5.5%, ash content≤3.5%,
Moisture≤1%.
Density can be pressed into 1.4-1.8 g/cm according to substitute for coke, smokeless product of coal difference3.Improve third Carbon Materials
Density, resistivity, by the coefficient of thermal expansion that further reduced third Carbon Materials after drying.Biomass coke tar in the above process
By obtaining the coke of projectile structure after high temperature distillation 30-90 minutes after cleaning equipment is collected, mixes in anode coke and be used for
Produce qualified carbon anode.
Complete equipment water of the present invention, the minimum discharge up to standard of gas pollutant, environment protection standard can effectively improve waste cathode carbon block
Innoxious, recycling treatment efficiency and resource reclaim maximization.It is sharp that the present invention realizes the innoxious of useless cathode, recycling
With, biomass energy is effectively utilized, product is alternative or partial alternative coke, petroleum coke, calcined anthracite, graphite are broken etc.
The production aggregate of metallurgy, aluminium anode and cathode, electrode paste, the biomass coke tar generated during biomass carbonated, by high temperature
The coke obtained after distillation mixes the carbon anode for producing qualification in anode coke, and useless cathode is not only made to obtain recycling treatment,
Save the broken this non-renewable resources of coke, petroleum coke, anthracite, graphite, and the material generated in production process simultaneously
It is utilized effectively, does not generate secondary pollution, environment protection standard processing meets the newest environment protectment protection of country and technical specification is wanted
It asks.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of useless cathode of aluminium electroloysis is innoxious, recycling processing method, it is characterised in that steps are as follows：Take useless cathode by broken
Broken to obtain being heated to 1500-2600 DEG C by high-temperature processing device after carbon block particle, heat preservation then is cooled to room temperature for 30-60 minutes
Obtain the first Carbon Materials；By being dried to moisture after biomass waste material is crushed<It is heated into high temperature carbonization equipment after 10%
800-1000 DEG C, heat preservation then is cooled to room temperature to obtain the second Carbon Materials for 30-60 minutes；By the first Carbon Materials, the second Carbon Materials
It is added to mixing equipment with biomass adhesive and passes through mixed-forming, drying after forming obtains third Carbon Materials.
2. a kind of useless cathode of aluminium electroloysis according to claim 1 is innoxious, recycling processing method, it is characterised in that described
The first Carbon Materials：Fixed C content >=92%, volatile matter≤4%, ash content≤3%, moisture≤1%；Second Carbon Materials：Fixed C content
>=85%, volatile matter≤8%, ash content≤4%, moisture≤1%；Third Carbon Materials：Fixed C content >=90%, volatile matter≤5.5%, ash
Divide≤3.5%, moisture≤1%.
3. a kind of useless cathode of aluminium electroloysis according to claim 1 is innoxious, recycling processing method, it is characterised in that described
High-temperature processing device and high temperature carbonization equipment generate flue gas discharged after purification, cleaning equipment collect biomass char warp
The coke of projectile structure is obtained after crossing 800-1000 DEG C of distillation 30-90 minute, is mixed positive for producing qualified charcoal in anode coke
Pole.
4. a kind of useless cathode of aluminium electroloysis according to claim 1 is innoxious, recycling processing method, it is characterised in that described
Useless cathode be crushed to the biomass of granularity≤10mm by being crushed to the carbon block particle of granularity≤10mm, biomass waste material
Grain, useless cathode by the first crushing plant is broken obtain carbon block particle after entered at high temperature by high-temperature processing device access device
It manages in equipment.
5. a kind of useless cathode of aluminium electroloysis is innoxious, recycling treatment system, it is characterised in that structure is as follows：First crushing plant
（1）Discharge end and high-temperature processing device（5）Feeding end connects, high-temperature processing device（5）Material outlet and first cooling equipment
（7）Feeding mouth connects, the first cooling equipment（7）Discharge end and mixing equipment（26）Feeding end connection, the second crushing plant
（13）Discharge end and high temperature carbonization equipment（17）Feeding end connection, high temperature carbonization equipment（17）Discharge port and second cooling
Equipment（18）Feeding mouth connection, second cooling equipment（18）Discharge end and mixing equipment（26）Feeding end connection, batch mixing
Equipment（26）Discharge end and molding machine（28）Feeding end connection, mixing equipment（26）It is equipped with biomass adhesive pan feeding
Mouthful.
6. a kind of useless cathode of aluminium electroloysis according to claim 5 is innoxious, recycling treatment system, it is characterised in that described
The first crushing plant（1）Discharge port passes sequentially through the first conveying equipment（2）, the first feed bin（3）With high-temperature processing device entrance
Equipment（4）Connection, high-temperature processing device access device（5）For pan feeding hopper, the described first cooling equipment（7）Discharge port is successively
Pass through the second conveying equipment（10）, the second feed bin（11）With third conveying equipment（12）With mixing equipment（26）Feeding mouth connect
It connects.
7. a kind of useless cathode of aluminium electroloysis according to claim 5 is innoxious, recycling treatment system, it is characterised in that described
The second crushing plant（13）Discharge port pass sequentially through the first drying equipment（14）, biological particles collecting device（15）With
Four conveying equipments（16）With high temperature carbonization equipment（17）Feeding end connection, the discharge port of the molding machine (28) passes through the tenth
Conveying equipment (29) and the second drying equipment（30）Feeding mouth connects, the second drying equipment（30）Discharge port and the 11st conveying
Equipment（31）Connection.
8. a kind of useless cathode of aluminium electroloysis according to claim 5 is innoxious, recycling treatment system, it is characterised in that described
Second cooling equipment（18）Discharge port pass sequentially through the 5th conveying equipment（19）, third feed bin（20）With the 6th conveying equipment
(21) it is connect with the feeding mouth of mixing equipment (26), the discharge port of mixing equipment (26) passes through the 9th conveying equipment (27) and molding
Machine (28) feeding mouth connects.
9. a kind of useless cathode of aluminium electroloysis according to claim 5 is innoxious, recycling treatment system, it is characterised in that described
Mixing equipment（26）Biomass adhesive feeding mouth pass through the 8th conveying equipment（25）With the 4th feed bin（24）Discharge port connects
It connects, the 4th feed bin（24）Feeding mouth and the 7th conveying equipment（23）Connection.
10. a kind of useless cathode of aluminium electroloysis according to claim 5 is innoxious, recycling treatment system, it is characterised in that institute
The high-temperature processing device stated（5）Exhanst gas outlet and the first cleaning equipment（8）Entrance connection, the first cleaning equipment（8）Cigarette
Gas exports and chimney（9）Entrance connects, high temperature carbonization equipment（17）Exhanst gas outlet and the second cleaning equipment（22）Entrance connect
It connects, the second cleaning equipment（22）Exhanst gas outlet and chimney（9）Entrance connects.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110791779A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-02-14 | 中南大学 | Method for preparing carbon cathode for aluminum electrolysis by using waste cathode of aluminum electrolysis cell |
| CN113088311A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-07-09 | 临沂锦盛坤工贸有限公司 | Recycling method of waste cathode carbon blocks in electrolytic aluminum industry and coking agent |
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| CN106269787A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2017-01-04 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | High-temperature continuous treatment method for disposing electrolytic aluminum waste cathode |
| CN206997328U (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2018-02-13 | 鲁爽 | A kind of aluminium electroloysis waste cathode carbon block harmless treatment and recovery system |
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| CN1341780A (en) * | 2001-08-28 | 2002-03-27 | 舒大平 | Protection cover of aluminium electrolytic prebaked anode steel jaw and its production method |
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| CN113088311B (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2024-04-19 | 临沂锦盛坤工贸有限公司 | Reuse method of waste cathode carbon blocks in electrolytic aluminum industry and coking agent |
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Application publication date: 20180713 |