CN108277301B

CN108277301B - Inner cavity structure for leather liming and unhairing

Info

Publication number: CN108277301B
Application number: CN201810116970.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林晓丽; 陈晔
Original assignee: Dezhou Xinghao Leather Co Ltd
Current assignee: Dezhou Xinghao Leather Co., Ltd
Priority date: 2018-02-06
Filing date: 2018-02-06
Publication date: 2020-04-03
Anticipated expiration: 2038-02-06
Also published as: CN108277301A

Abstract

The invention provides an inner cavity structure for liming and unhairing leather materials, which is used for solving the problem of how to improve the contact degree of the inner surface of the leather material and treatment liquid when the leather material rotates centrifugally; the inner cavity structure comprises an inner cavity for accommodating leather and a pile head arranged in the inner cavity, wherein the pile head is fixed on the inner wall of the inner cavity, the pile heads are different in length and thickness, and the pile heads define a fluctuant impact surface; adjacent pile heads are connected through a serpentine coil spring, the serpentine coil spring defines a rebound surface, and the rebound surface is positioned between the inner wall of the inner cavity and the impact surface.

Description

Inner cavity structure for leather liming and unhairing

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of leather processing, and relates to an inner cavity structure for leather liming and unhairing.

Background

The leather is animal leather which is obtained by physical and chemical processing such as unhairing, tanning and the like, is denatured and not easy to rot, has natural grains and luster, is comfortable in hand feeling, and is applied to leather such as domestic leather and the like.

The rotary drum is a rotating device for turning the raw hide inside (for washing, pickling, tanning and dyeing) or cleaning the fur inside (through turning with fine sawdust) in the process of making leather, is an important device widely used by tanneries, and when the rotary drum is driven by a motor to rotate, the leather in the drum is continuously bent, stretched, beaten, stirred and other mechanical actions, so that the chemical reaction process is accelerated, the physical properties of the leather are changed, and the application range of the rotary drum covers most wet processing procedures of making leather, dry-state softening, napping and the like.

One of the main purposes of leather preparation is to have good dispersion of collagen fibers so that the hide reaches the optimal state of tanning and the finished leather has good plump and soft hand feeling. To disperse the skin fibers, the non-fibrous components of the hide are removed, i.e., hyaluronic acid, mucopolysaccharides, fats, skins, hair follicles, etc. are removed. These substances are partly removed in small amounts in the soaking process and are more removed by suitable swelling mainly under alkaline conditions of liming, opening the channels for the subsequent processes and providing more cross-linking points.

Because the leather is a sheet-shaped object, the leather is easy to be laminated or wound in the container, which is not beneficial to the full and uniform contact of the leather with water and chemical materials, and causes uneven leather treatment and easy occurrence of incomplete hair removal or surface rotting. In addition, when the rotary drum rotates, the leather is easy to cling to the wall of the inner cavity of the rotary drum under the action of centrifugal force, so that the leather is difficult to be in full contact with the treatment liquid, and the treatment liquid required to be added is increased in order to be in full contact with the treatment liquid, so that the waste of the treatment liquid is caused, and the treatment cost is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides an inner cavity structure for leather liming and unhairing, which is used for solving the problem of how to improve the contact degree of the inner surface of leather and treatment liquid during centrifugal rotation of the leather.

The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:

the inner cavity structure for leather liming unhairing comprises an inner cavity for containing leather and a pile head arranged in the inner cavity, wherein the pile head is fixed on the inner wall of the inner cavity, the pile heads are different in length and different in thickness, and the pile heads define a fluctuant impact surface; adjacent pile heads are connected through a serpentine coil spring, the serpentine coil spring defines a rebound surface, and the rebound surface is positioned between the inner wall of the inner cavity and the impact surface. The setting up of striking face makes to form the interval between the inner wall of cladding and interior drum body, has reduced the attached area of cladding and inner chamber inner wall, and the internal surface and the surface of cladding can both fully contact with the treatment fluid, and the cladding is falling to striking face and bounce-back face in the twinkling of an eye, and bounce-back face exerts bounce-back force to the cladding, makes the cladding bounce and bumps striking face once more.

In the inner cavity structure for leather liming and unhairing, the cross section of the inner cavity is polygonal.

In foretell an inner chamber structure for cladding liming moults, the inner wall of inner chamber has the spout of installation pile head, and the length of spout is greater than the width of pile head, and the pile head card is established in the spout and can slide in the spout, and the both sides of pile head link to each other through spring and spout respectively. The pile head can slide in the chute in a reciprocating manner under the connection of the spring, and when the leather material impacts the pile head, the pile head slides over the inner surface of the leather material, so that the function of scraping the impurities on the surface of the leather material is achieved.

In the inner cavity structure for leather liming and unhairing, the inner cavity structure further comprises a plurality of drum balls, and the drum balls are fixed on the pile head or movable in the inner cavity. The drum ball and the pile head cooperate with each other, so that the processing efficiency of the leather is improved.

In foretell an inner chamber structure for cladding liming unhairing, the rotary drum ball includes outer spheroid and interior spheroid, and outer spheroid delimitates and forms outer ball chamber, and interior spheroid holding is and the volume is changeable in outer ball chamber, and the outer sphere of interior spheroid is protruding to be equipped with the brush hair, and the brush hair can stretch out outer spheroid. When the bristles are accommodated in the outer sphere cavity, the leather only contacts with the outer sphere, when the volume of the inner sphere is increased, the bristles extend out of the outer sphere, and when the leather contacts with the drum ball, the bristles are abutted to the leather.

In the inner cavity structure for leather liming and unhairing, the outer ball body is provided with a through hole; the inner ball body comprises a ball support and an elastic ball skin, the elastic ball skin surrounds a closed inner ball cavity, the ball support is contained in the inner ball cavity and supports the elastic ball skin, and the bristles are formed on the surface of the elastic ball skin.

In the inner cavity structure for leather liming and unhairing, the inner ball cavity is filled with gas and liquid, and when the temperature rises, the volume of the inner ball body is increased, so that the bristles extend out of the outer ball body; when the temperature in the inner ball cavity rises, the liquid is heated, the volume of the gas in the inner ball cavity becomes large, the elastic ball skin is stretched to be overlapped with the outer ball body, and the brush hair extends out of the outer ball body from the through hole.

In the inner cavity structure for leather liming and unhairing, the spherical support expands after being heated. As the temperature rises, the inner sphere gradually expands and the bristles gradually extend out of the outer sphere.

In the inner cavity structure for leather liming and unhairing, when the temperature rises, the volume of the inner sphere is reduced, so that the bristles are retracted into the outer sphere from the outside of the outer sphere; the sphere support is made of scandium trifluoride; scandium trifluoride belongs to a negative thermal expansion material, and the volume of scandium trifluoride is reduced at high temperature so as to adapt to different requirements of each stage.

In the inner cavity structure for leather liming and unhairing, the leather rotary drum comprises an outer drum body and an inner drum body, the inner drum body is rotatably arranged in the outer drum body, and the inner cavity is formed by the inner drum body; an outer cavity is formed between the outer drum body and the inner drum body, the inner drum body is provided with a group of holes, the group of holes are communicated with the inner cavity and the outer cavity, and temperature sensors are arranged in the outer cavity and the inner cavity. For monitoring the temperature of the feedback outer chamber and the temperature of the inner chamber.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme has the advantages that:

1. the pile head forms a fluctuant impact surface, so that when the leather centrifugally impacts the impact surface, the contact between the inner surface and the outer surface of the leather and a solution is improved, and after the leather centrifugally impacts the impact surface and the rebound surface, the rebound surface applies a rebound force to the leather, so that the leather is prevented from being attached to the impact surface, and the mobility of the leather is improved;

2. when the leather material is centrifugally thrown onto the impact surface, cleaning liquid medicine can be stored between the leather material and the inner wall of the inner drum body, and especially when the leather material rotates to a position above the liquid level, although the leather material is separated from the liquid level, treatment liquid can be carried between the leather material and the inner wall of the inner drum body, so that the contact time of the treatment liquid and the leather material is prolonged, the liming and unhairing efficiency of the leather material is improved, and the using amount of the treatment liquid is reduced;

3. the interior spheroid volume of rotary drum ball is variable for the brush hair can stretch out and retract outer spheroid, with the demand that is adapted to the cladding liming different reaction time sections that moult, the brush hair is contradicted and is acted on the cladding, makes the root of hair not hard up and can brush the non-fibrous impurity on the cladding to a certain extent, does benefit to the cladding and moults, has reduced reaction time, has improved the efficiency of mouling.

4. When the rotary drum ball and the leather move together, the movement state of the leather is strengthened and improved, the rotary drum ball enables a gap for the treatment fluid to enter to be formed between the overlapped leather, the treatment fluid can be immersed into each part of the leather, the reaction is sufficient, the uniformity of the leather liming and unhairing treatment is improved, the leather is fully contacted with the treatment fluid, the treatment fluid in the rotary drum is reduced compared with the original process dosage, and the leather treatment cost is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the leather drum of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the inner cavity structure for leather liming depilation according to the invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic installation diagram of the pile head of the inner cavity structure for leather liming and unhairing of the invention.

Fig. 4 and 5 are schematic structural views of a drum ball of an inner cavity structure for leather liming and unhairing of the invention.

In the figure, 1, a base; 2. a drive mechanism; 3. an outer drum body; 4. an inner drum body; 5. a rotating shaft; 6. an inner cavity; 7. an outer cavity; 8. group holes; 9. an outer door; 10. an inner door; 11. a temperature sensor; 12. pile head; 13. rotating a drum ball; 14. a serpentine coil spring; 15. a chute; 16. a spring; 17. an outer sphere; 18. an inner sphere; 19. an outer ball cavity; 20. brushing; 21. a sphere support; 22. an elastic ball cover; 23. an inner ball cavity.

Detailed Description

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and are further described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present invention provides a leather drum device, preferably for liming and unhairing cowhide, comprising a drum body, a base 1 and a driving mechanism 2, wherein the drum body is mounted on the base 1, the driving mechanism 2 is connected with the drum body, the drum body comprises an outer drum body 3 and an inner drum body 4, two ends of the inner drum body 4 are provided with rotating shafts 5, the inner drum body 4 is rotatably mounted in the outer drum body 3, and the inner drum body 4 is provided with an inner cavity 6 for accommodating leather; an outer cavity 7 is formed between the outer drum body 3 and the inner drum body 4, the inner drum body 4 is provided with a group of holes 8, and the group of holes 8 are communicated with the inner cavity 6 and the outer cavity 7; the base 1 supports and fixes the outer drum body 3, the outer drum body 3 does not rotate, and the driving mechanism 2 drives the inner drum body 4 to rotate.

The outer drum body 3 is provided with an outer door 9, and the inner drum body 4 is provided with an inner door 10; the outer door 9 can be selected to be one door and used for feeding and discharging at the same time, and the outer door 9 can also be selected to be two doors for feeding and discharging; similarly, the inner door 10 can be selected to be one door for feeding and discharging, and the inner door 10 can also be selected to be two doors for feeding and discharging.

After opening outer door 9 and inner door 10 in proper order, put into inner chamber 6 with the cladding, then close inner door 10 and outer door 9 in proper order, when the liming moults, the treatment fluid is let in the exocoel 7 and enters into inner chamber 6 through crowd's hole 8 on the interior drum body 4 in order to act on the cladding, thereby interior drum body 4 rotates the drive cladding and moves in inner chamber 6 and fully contact with treatment fluid and inner chamber 6.

The outer door 9 and the inner door 10 are both provided with transparent observation windows, which is convenient for observing the working condition in the rotary drum. The outer cavity 7 and the inner cavity 6 are both provided with temperature sensors 11; for monitoring the temperature of the feedback outer chamber 7 and the temperature of the inner chamber 6, respectively.

The invention also provides an inner cavity structure for leather liming and unhairing, which comprises an inner cavity 6, a plurality of pile heads 12 and a plurality of drum balls 13; the leather material impacts the pile head 12 and the drum ball 13, so that the leather material is prevented from being laminated.

The pile head 12 is fixed on the inner wall of the inner drum body 4, the pile heads 12 are different in length and different in thickness, and the pile heads 12 define a fluctuant impact surface; the impact surface is raised in an undulating manner on the inner wall of the inner drum body 4; one part of the rotary drum ball 13 is fixed on the pile head 12, and the other part of the rotary drum ball 13 and the leather are mixed together and can move on the inner drum body 4.

The setting up of striking face makes between the inner wall of leather material and interior drum body 4 form the interval, has reduced the attached area of leather material and the inner wall of interior drum body 4, and the internal surface and the surface of leather material can both fully contact with the treatment fluid, and the setting up of striking face has improved the contact degree of treatment fluid with the leather material internal surface promptly, does benefit to and reduces reaction time, improves the liming efficiency of mouling, has still reduced the use of treatment fluid in addition, does benefit to and reduces treatment cost.

When the leather is thrown to the impact surface in a centrifugal mode, the treatment liquid can be stored between the leather and the inner wall of the inner drum body 4, particularly when the leather rotates to the position above the liquid level, although the leather is separated from the liquid level, the treatment liquid can be carried between the leather and the inner wall of the inner drum body 4, the contact time of the treatment liquid and the leather when the rotary drum rotates is prolonged, the unhairing effect of the leather is improved, and compared with an ordinary rotary drum, the treatment liquid used in the method is less when the same amount of leather is treated.

The different length of pile head 12 makes the striking face present the form of fluctuation, and the thickness difference of pile head 12 makes the striking face form the striking region of different intensity, and the cladding is because of interior drum body 4 rotates and falls to the striking face with decentered, because of the fluctuation of striking face and the difference of striking intensity, makes the atress of the different positions of cladding also different, and the cladding is through behind the not equidimension striking power of action, can make the root of hair not hard up more, impurity drops.

The drum ball 13 is selectively fixed on some pile heads 12, the drum ball 13 can improve the impact force of the impact surface to the leather when being fixed on the pile heads 12, and the pile heads 12 can present different impact forces, in addition, after the drum ball 13 is fixed on the pile heads 12, the drum ball 13 has more stable effect on the leather, and the combination of the drum ball 13 and the pile heads 12 is beneficial to improving the unhairing effect.

When the rotary drum ball 13 and the leather are mixed together, the rotary drum ball 13 enables a gap for the treatment liquid to enter to be formed between the overlapped leather, the treatment liquid can be soaked into each part of the leather, the reaction is sufficient, the uniformity of the leather liming and unhairing treatment is improved, and the leather quality is improved.

Optionally, adjacent pile heads 12 are connected through the coiled coil springs 14, the coiled coil springs 14 define a rebound surface, the rebound surface is located between the inner wall of the inner drum body 4 and the impact surface, and the rebound surface exerts rebound force on the leather at the moment that the leather falls to the impact surface and the rebound surface, so that the leather is bounced and collides with the impact surface again, the collision frequency of the leather and the impact surface is increased, and the impurity shedding effect and the hair root loosening effect are improved.

The pile head 12 is vertical to the inner wall of the inner drum body 4, the cross section of the inner drum body 4 is octagonal, the cross section of the outer drum body 3 is circular, the inner wall of the inner drum body 4 is provided with a sliding chute 15 for installing the pile head 12, the length of the sliding chute 15 is larger than the width of the pile head 12, the pile head 12 is clamped in the sliding chute 15 and can slide in the sliding chute 15, and two sides of the pile head 12 are respectively connected with the sliding chute 15 through a spring 16; the pile head 12 can slide in the chute 15 in a reciprocating way under the connection of the spring 16, and when the leather impacts the pile head 12, the pile head 12 slides on the surface of the leather to play a role in scraping away the impurities of the leather. Optionally, the pile head 12 is convexly provided with bevel teeth to improve the scraping effect.

The invention also provides a rotary drum ball 13, the rotary drum ball 13 comprises an outer ball body 17 and an inner ball body 18, the outer ball body 17 defines an outer ball cavity 19, the inner ball body 18 is accommodated in the outer ball cavity 19 and has a variable volume, the outer ball surface of the inner ball body 18 is convexly provided with bristles 20, and the bristles 20 can extend out of the outer ball body 17; the rotary drum ball 13 effectively cooperates with the leather to move, so that the moving state of the leather is enhanced and improved, and the leather processing efficiency is improved.

When the bristles 20 are accommodated in the outer ball cavity 19, the leather only contacts the outer ball body 17, and the outer ball body 17 impacts the leather, so that the leather fiber is soft, and impurities are easy to float out; when the volume of the inner sphere 18 is increased, the brush bristles 20 extend out of the outer sphere 17, and when the leather material contacts the rotary drum ball 13, the brush bristles 20 act on the leather material in a butting mode, so that impurities on the leather material are brushed away.

The outer sphere 17 is made of acid and alkali resistant plastic or rubber, and the outer sphere 17 is provided with a through hole; the inner sphere 18 comprises a sphere support 21 and an elastic spherical cover 22, the elastic spherical cover 22 surrounds a closed inner sphere cavity 23, the sphere support 21 is accommodated in the inner sphere cavity 23 and supports the elastic spherical cover 22, the inner sphere cavity 23 is filled with gas and liquid, the bristles 20 are formed on the surface of the elastic spherical cover 22, and when the volume of the inner sphere 18 is the minimum, the bristles 20 are positioned in the outer sphere cavity 19; when the temperature rises, the volume of the inner sphere 18 is increased, so that the brush hairs 20 extend out of the outer sphere 17; the outer sphere 17 can endure the corrosion of the treatment liquid to avoid corrosion deformation, the service life is long, when the temperature in the inner sphere cavity 23 rises, the liquid is heated, the volume of the gas in the inner sphere cavity 23 becomes large, the elastic ball skin 22 is spread to overlap with the outer sphere 17, and the bristles 20 extend out of the outer sphere 17 from the through holes.

The outer sphere 17 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, the gas filled in the inner sphere 18 is nitrogen, hydrogen or helium, the liquid is water, ether or ethanol, and the sphere support 21 expands after being heated. Along with the temperature rise in the rotary drum, the inner sphere 18 expands gradually, the brush hair 20 extends out of the outer sphere 17 gradually, when the temperature in the rotary drum is reduced, the volume of the inner sphere 18 is reduced gradually, the brush hair 20 retracts into the outer sphere 17 gradually, the rotary drum ball 13 correspondingly changes the shape under the temperature change, the uniformity of the treatment liquid soaked into the leather is mainly improved in the early stage, the hair roots are loosened under the chemical action of the treatment liquid, the hair roots are loosened through the physical action of the brush hair in the later stage, impurities are brushed, and therefore the different requirements in all stages are met.

The liquid in the inner ball cavity 23 occupies 1/3-1/2;

the inner cavity 6 is internally provided with a plurality of sizes of drum balls 13. The outer sphere 17 has various sizes of 10cm, 20cm, 30cm and 40 cm.

Alternatively, as another embodiment, the sphere support 21 is made of scandium trifluoride; when the temperature rises, the volume of the inner sphere 18 is reduced, so that the brush hairs 20 are retracted from the outer sphere 17 to the inner sphere 17; scandium trifluoride belongs to a negative thermal expansion material, and the volume is reduced at high temperature; in the early stage, the volume of the inner sphere 18 is the largest, the elastic sphere is overlapped with the outer sphere 17 under the support of the sphere support 21, the bristles 20 extend out of the outer sphere 17 from the through holes, and the drum balls 13 extending out of the bristles 20 can brush off impurities attached to the leather while enabling the treatment liquid to enter between the laminated leather, so that the treatment liquid can be immersed into the leather fibers more quickly; in the later stage, along with the reaction in the rotary drum, the temperature gradually rises, the volume of the sphere support 21 is gradually reduced after being heated, the elastic sphere skin 22 is reduced, the brush bristles 20 retract into the outer sphere body 17, the fur roots of the fur materials are uniformly loosened under the action of the treatment liquid, and the outer sphere body 17 collides with the fur materials to ensure that the soft rotary drum ball 13 correspondingly changes the shape under the temperature change so as to adapt to different requirements of each stage.

In addition, the density of the rotating drum ball 13 is not less than that of water, and the rotating drum ball 13 does not float on the liquid surface. The rotary drum ball 13 has water resistance, heat resistance, acid and alkali resistance, aging resistance and higher physical strength, and can be recycled.

The drum ball 13 is recovered after the liming unhairing treatment is finished, so that the method can be recycled, is convenient to operate and has low cost.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Although the base 1 is used more herein; a drive mechanism 2; an outer drum body 3; an inner drum body 4; a rotating shaft 5; an inner cavity 6; an outer chamber 7; a group of holes 8; an outer door 9; an inner door 10; a temperature sensor 11; a pile head 12; a drum ball 13; a serpentine coil spring 14; a chute 15; a spring 16; an outer sphere 17; an inner sphere 18; an outer ball cavity 19; bristles 20; a sphere support 21; an elastic ball cover 22; inner ball cavity 23, etc., but does not exclude the possibility of using other terms. These terms are used merely to more conveniently describe and explain the nature of the present invention; they are to be construed as being without limitation to any additional limitations that may be imposed by the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. The inner cavity structure for leather liming unhairing is characterized by comprising an inner cavity for containing leather and a pile head arranged in the inner cavity, wherein the pile head is fixed on the inner wall of the inner cavity, the pile heads are different in length and different in thickness, and the pile head defines a fluctuant impact surface; connect through snakelike coil spring between the adjacent pile head, snakelike coil spring defines out the face of rebounding, and the face of rebounding is in between the inner wall and the striking face of inner chamber, and this inner chamber structure still includes a plurality of rotary drum balls, and the rotary drum ball is fixed on the pile head or is moved about in the inner chamber, and the rotary drum ball includes ectosphere and interior spheroid, and the ectosphere defines and forms the ectosphere chamber, and interior spheroid holding is and the volume is variable in the ectosphere chamber, and the convex brush hair that is equipped with of interior spheroid ectosphere, and the brush hair can stretch out the ectosphere.

2. The cavity structure for leather liming and unhairing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cavity has a polygonal cross section.

3. The inner cavity structure for leather liming and unhairing according to claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the inner cavity is provided with a chute for mounting the pile head, the length of the chute is greater than the width of the pile head, the pile head is clamped in the chute and can slide in the chute, and two sides of the pile head are respectively connected with the chute through a spring.

4. The inner cavity structure for leather liming and unhairing according to claim 1, wherein the outer sphere is provided with a through hole; the inner ball body comprises a ball support and an elastic ball skin, the elastic ball skin surrounds a closed inner ball cavity, the ball support is contained in the inner ball cavity and supports the elastic ball skin, and the bristles are formed on the surface of the elastic ball skin.

5. The intracavity structure for leather liming and unhairing as claimed in claim 4, wherein the inner sphere is filled with gas and liquid, and when the temperature rises, the volume of the inner sphere is increased, so that the bristles extend out of the outer sphere.

6. The lumenal structure for skin liming epilation according to claim 4, wherein the ball support expands upon heating.

7. The lumenal structure for skin liming depilation according to claim 4, wherein the reduction in volume of the inner sphere causes the bristles to retract from outside the outer sphere into the outer sphere when the temperature is elevated; the sphere support is made of scandium trifluoride.

8. The cavity structure for leather liming unhairing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the leather drum comprises an outer drum body and an inner drum body, the inner drum body is rotatably mounted in the outer drum body, and the cavity is formed by the inner drum body; an outer cavity is formed between the outer drum body and the inner drum body, the inner drum body is provided with a group of holes, the group of holes are communicated with the inner cavity and the outer cavity, and temperature sensors are arranged in the outer cavity and the inner cavity.