CN108271630B - Selenium-rich flax planting method and preparation method of selenium-rich flax powder - Google Patents

Selenium-rich flax planting method and preparation method of selenium-rich flax powder Download PDF

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CN108271630B
CN108271630B CN201810065990.5A CN201810065990A CN108271630B CN 108271630 B CN108271630 B CN 108271630B CN 201810065990 A CN201810065990 A CN 201810065990A CN 108271630 B CN108271630 B CN 108271630B
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selenium
flax
rich
seeds
selecting
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CN108271630A (en
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冯学金
王利琴
郭秀娟
杨建春
张永福
姜超
殷建军
王慧
曹霞
牛保山
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CROP Science Research Institute of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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CROP Science Research Institute of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L27/00Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L27/10Natural spices, flavouring agents or condiments; Extracts thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23VINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2002/00Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a selenium-rich flax planting method and a preparation method of selenium-rich flax powder, which comprises the following steps: selecting pollution-free cultivated land, requiring land to be flat and free of salt and alkali, and avoiding continuous cropping and successive cropping; selecting a variety with good quality and high-efficiency enrichment of selenium element as a main cultivated variety; spraying selenium-rich organic fertilizer on the leaf surfaces of the flax plants in the seedling stage, the full-bloom stage and the Chinese olive stage of the flax; harvesting in good time, threshing, airing or drying, and mechanically cleaning; preheating the baking oven to 110-120 ℃, sprinkling the flax seeds on a baking tray, putting the baking tray into the baking oven, baking for 10-12 minutes, crushing and sieving to obtain the selenium-enriched flax powder. The invention can solve the problem that the active ingredients such as lignans, dietary fibers and the like in the flax seeds can not be fully and reasonably utilized, and can also achieve the purpose of supplementing selenium for a human body for a long time by eating the flax powder, thereby improving the selenium deficiency condition of the human body and promoting the health of the human body.

Description

Selenium-rich flax planting method and preparation method of selenium-rich flax powder
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crop planting and processing, in particular to a selenium-rich flax planting method and a preparation method of selenium-rich flax powder.
Background
Flax is one of the important oil crops in China, except rich in polyunsaturated fatty acid- α -linolenic acid which is necessary for human bodies, the flax seeds also contain other important active ingredients, such as secoisolariciresinol diglucoside, dietary fiber and the like, the lignan content in the flax seeds is about 800 times of that of other common crops, the secoisolariciresinol diglucoside has the effects of resisting tumors and osteoporosis, relieving climacteric symptoms and the like, the flax seeds are also rich in soluble plant cellulose and have the effect of reducing cholesterol, and the incidence rate of diseases such as constipation, obesity, heart disease and the like can be reduced by frequently eating the flax seeds.
At present, the linseed is mainly used for squeezing the linseed oil, the product structure is single, and in the oil squeezing process, the flax lignans, dietary fibers, proteins and other nutrient substances are remained in the linseed cake and are mostly used as animal feeds and cannot be reasonably utilized. In addition, the sesame seeds are rich in nutrition and have extremely strong nut flavor after being baked. Therefore, in countries such as Europe and America, the sesame powder obtained by baking and grinding is one of common sesame foods, and can be added into foods such as yoghourt, oatmeal, salad and the like to improve the nutritional and health-care values of the foods and bring a fragrant nut flavor to the foods.
At present, in the selenium-rich crop planting technology, inorganic selenium is mostly used as a selenium source, after the selenium is absorbed by plants, only part of the selenium is converted in the plants to generate organic selenium, and part of the selenium cannot be converted and is accumulated in agricultural products in an inorganic state. Research shows that inorganic selenium has certain toxic side effect on human body.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a selenium-rich flax planting method and a preparation method of selenium-rich flax powder.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a selenium-rich flax planting method comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting land: selecting pollution-free cultivated land, requiring land to be flat and free of salt and alkali, and avoiding continuous cropping and successive cropping;
s2, variety selection: selecting a variety with good quality and high-efficiency enrichment of selenium element as a main cultivated variety;
s3, spraying of the selenium-rich organic fertilizer: selecting sunny and calm weather, wherein the dew falls behind to 10 am: before 00 or 16 pm: spraying selenium-rich organic fertilizer on the leaf surfaces of the flax plants after 00 times, wherein the spraying is carried out for 3 times, and the selenium-rich organic fertilizer is respectively in the seedling stage, full-bloom stage and olive stage of the flax; the usage amount of the organic fertilizer is 1500-; the content of organic selenium in the selenium-rich organic fertilizer is more than or equal to 6.0g/L, and the content of Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn and B is more than or equal to 100 g/L;
s4, harvesting: when the flax leaves turn yellow, part of the flax leaves fall off, 75-80% of capsules turn white and yellow, and when the seeds are shaken, a cutter-rower is selected for harvesting; the cut flax is aired for 3-5 days and then threshed.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the selenium-rich flax powder, which comprises the following steps:
s1, timely airing or drying the harvested selenium-rich flax seeds, and mechanically cleaning to remove weed seeds, impurities and broken or unsaturated seeds;
s2, preheating the baking oven to 110-120 ℃, sprinkling the flax seeds on a baking tray, and putting the baking tray into the baking oven for baking for 10-12 minutes;
s3, selecting a pulverizer suitable for pulverizing materials with high oil content, and sieving with a sieve with a pore diameter of 1 mm to obtain the selenium-rich flax powder.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention relates to a flax selenium-rich planting method taking organic selenium as a selenium element source, and compared with inorganic selenium such as sodium selenite and the like, the organic selenium has the advantages of edible safety, no toxic or side effect, high absorption and utilization rate, high nutritional value and the like. In addition, the invention also provides a preparation method of the selenium-rich flax powder, and the obtained flax powder product has high organic selenium content and aromatic flavor, and the nutritional active substances such as fatty acid, secoisolariciresinol diglucoside, dietary fiber, protein and the like in the flax seeds can be effectively retained.
2. After the selenium-rich organic fertilizer is sprayed, the selenium content of the flax is greatly improved to 0.175-0.893mg/kg, and the yield of the flax can be increased by 2.6-11.5%;
3. the problem that active ingredients such as lignans, dietary fibers and the like in the flax seeds cannot be fully and reasonably utilized is solved, and the purpose of supplementing selenium for a long time for a human body in a mode of eating the flax powder can be achieved, so that the selenium deficiency condition of the human body is improved, and the health of the human body is promoted.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
A selenium-rich flax planting method and a preparation method of selenium-rich flax powder thereof comprise the following steps:
s1, selecting land: selecting pollution-free cultivated land, requiring land to be flat and free of salt and alkali, and avoiding continuous cropping and successive cropping;
s2, variety selection: selecting Jinya No. 9 as a main cultivar;
s3, spraying of the selenium-rich organic fertilizer: selecting sunny and calm weather, wherein the dew falls behind to 10 am: before 00 or 16 pm: spraying selenium-rich organic fertilizer on the leaf surfaces of the flax plants after 00 times, wherein the spraying is carried out for 3 times, and the selenium-rich organic fertilizer is respectively in the seedling stage, full-bloom stage and olive stage of the flax; the usage amount of the organic fertilizer is 1500-; the content of organic selenium in the selenium-rich organic fertilizer is more than or equal to 6.0g/L, and the content of Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn and B is more than or equal to 100 g/L; the selenium content of the flax seeds can reach 0.175-0.893mg/kg, and the yield of the flax can also be increased by 2.6-11.5%;
s4, harvesting: when the flax leaves turn yellow, part of the flax leaves fall off, 75-80% of capsules turn white and yellow, and when the seeds are shaken, a cutter-rower is selected for harvesting; drying the cut flax for 3-5 days, and then threshing;
s5, timely airing or drying the harvested selenium-rich flax seeds, and mechanically cleaning to remove weed seeds, impurities and broken or unsaturated seeds;
s6, preheating the baking oven to 110-120 ℃, sprinkling the flax seeds on a baking tray, and putting the baking tray into the baking oven for baking for 10-12 minutes;
s7, selecting a pulverizer suitable for pulverizing materials with high oil content, and sieving with a sieve with a pore diameter of 1 mm to obtain the selenium-rich flax powder.
Example 2
A selenium-rich flax planting method and a preparation method of selenium-rich flax powder thereof comprise the following steps:
s1, selecting land: selecting pollution-free cultivated land, requiring land to be flat and free of salt and alkali, and avoiding continuous cropping and successive cropping;
s2, variety selection: selecting Jinya No. 10 as a main cultivar;
s3, spraying of the selenium-rich organic fertilizer: selecting sunny and calm weather, wherein the dew falls behind to 10 am: before 00 or 16 pm: spraying selenium-rich organic fertilizer on the leaf surfaces of the flax plants after 00 times, wherein the spraying is carried out for 3 times, and the selenium-rich organic fertilizer is respectively in the seedling stage, full-bloom stage and olive stage of the flax; the usage amount of the organic fertilizer is 1500-; the content of organic selenium in the selenium-rich organic fertilizer is more than or equal to 6.0g/L, and the content of Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn and B is more than or equal to 100 g/L;
s4, harvesting: when the flax leaves turn yellow, part of the flax leaves fall off, 75-80% of capsules turn white and yellow, and when the seeds are shaken, a cutter-rower is selected for harvesting; drying the cut flax for 3-5 days, and then threshing;
s5, timely airing or drying the harvested selenium-rich flax seeds, and mechanically cleaning to remove weed seeds, impurities and broken or unsaturated seeds;
s6, preheating the baking oven to 110-120 ℃, sprinkling the flax seeds on a baking tray, and putting the baking tray into the baking oven for baking for 10-12 minutes;
s7, selecting a pulverizer suitable for pulverizing materials with high oil content, and sieving with a sieve with a pore diameter of 1 mm to obtain the selenium-rich flax powder.
Example 3
A selenium-rich flax planting method and a preparation method of selenium-rich flax powder thereof comprise the following steps:
s1, selecting land: selecting pollution-free cultivated land, requiring land to be flat and free of salt and alkali, and avoiding continuous cropping and successive cropping;
s2, variety selection: selecting No. 3 flax from a dam as a main cultivated variety;
s3, spraying of the selenium-rich organic fertilizer: selecting sunny and calm weather, wherein the dew falls behind to 10 am: before 00 or 16 pm: spraying selenium-rich organic fertilizer on the leaf surfaces of the flax plants after 00 times, wherein the spraying is carried out for 3 times, and the selenium-rich organic fertilizer is respectively in the seedling stage, full-bloom stage and olive stage of the flax; the usage amount of the organic fertilizer is 1500-; the content of organic selenium in the selenium-rich organic fertilizer is more than or equal to 6.0g/L, and the content of Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn and B is more than or equal to 100 g/L;
s4, harvesting: when the flax leaves turn yellow, part of the flax leaves fall off, 75-80% of capsules turn white and yellow, and when the seeds are shaken, a cutter-rower is selected for harvesting; drying the cut flax for 3-5 days, and then threshing;
s5, timely airing or drying the harvested selenium-rich flax seeds, and mechanically cleaning to remove weed seeds, impurities and broken or unsaturated seeds;
s6, preheating the baking oven to 110-120 ℃, sprinkling the flax seeds on a baking tray, and putting the baking tray into the baking oven for baking for 10-12 minutes;
s7, selecting a pulverizer suitable for pulverizing materials with high oil content, and sieving with a sieve with a pore diameter of 1 mm to obtain the selenium-rich flax powder.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. The selenium-rich flax planting method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, selecting land: selecting pollution-free cultivated land, requiring land to be flat and free of salt and alkali, and avoiding continuous cropping and successive cropping;
s2, variety selection: selecting Jinya No. 9, Jinya No. 10 or dam No. 3 as main cultivars;
s3, spraying of the selenium-rich organic fertilizer: selecting sunny and calm weather, wherein the dew falls behind to 10 am: before 00 or 16 pm: spraying selenium-rich organic fertilizer on the leaf surfaces of the flax plants after 00 times, wherein the spraying is carried out for 3 times, and the selenium-rich organic fertilizer is respectively in the seedling stage, full-bloom stage and olive stage of the flax; the usage amount of the organic fertilizer is 1500-; the content of organic selenium in the selenium-rich organic fertilizer is more than or equal to 6.0g/L, and the content of Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn and B is more than or equal to 100 g/L;
s4, harvesting: when the flax leaves turn yellow, part of the flax leaves fall off, 75-80% of capsules turn white and yellow, and when the seeds are shaken, a cutter-rower is selected for harvesting; the cut flax is aired for 3-5 days and then threshed.
2. A preparation method of selenium-rich flax powder is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, timely airing or drying the selenium-rich flax seeds harvested according to the planting method of claim 1, and mechanically cleaning to remove weed seeds, impurities and broken or unsaturated seeds;
s2, preheating the baking oven to 110-120 ℃, sprinkling the flax seeds on a baking tray, and putting the baking tray into the baking oven for baking for 10-12 minutes;
s3, selecting a pulverizer suitable for pulverizing materials with high oil content, and sieving with a sieve with a pore diameter of 1 mm to obtain the selenium-rich flax powder.
CN201810065990.5A 2018-01-18 2018-01-18 Selenium-rich flax planting method and preparation method of selenium-rich flax powder Active CN108271630B (en)

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CN103109632A (en) * 2013-01-26 2013-05-22 固原市农业科学研究所 Fertilization method for increasing selenium content in flaxseed and production method of flaxseed
CN105238547A (en) * 2015-10-13 2016-01-13 刘立云 Method for effectively extracting linseed oil
CN105558986A (en) * 2015-12-25 2016-05-11 宁夏大学 Linum usititatissimum linaceae paste and preparation method thereof
CN106118855A (en) * 2016-06-27 2016-11-16 郭迎庆 A kind of method utilizing flaxseed to prepare edible oil
CN107311728A (en) * 2017-07-29 2017-11-03 冯敏杰 Wild pepper seed and the Se-enriched organic fertilizer retting method of useless meat rare earth

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