CN108268682A - It is used to prepare the construction method of the constitutive parameter of the Meta Materials of waveform beam splitting module - Google Patents
It is used to prepare the construction method of the constitutive parameter of the Meta Materials of waveform beam splitting module Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of construction method of the constitutive parameter for the Meta Materials for being used to prepare waveform beam splitting module.The waveform beam splitting module is used to an input wave source being divided into arbitrary road wave beam.This method includes the following steps：According to the beam splitting demand of waveform beam splitting module, with reference to coordinate points and the physical space OAB (x ', y ', z ') of Virtual Space OA ' B ' (x, y, z) coordinate points between transformation relation, Jacobian matrix A is utilized to obtain transformation relation coefficient；The transformation relation coefficient is substituted into the first formula, and acquired results are substituted into the second formula, obtains the constitutive parameter for the Meta Materials for being used to prepare waveform beam splitting module.Based on the constitutive parameter of the Meta Materials for being used to prepare waveform beam splitting module, the Meta Materials for being used to prepare waveform beam splitting module are can determine, and enable and an input signal wave source is divided by arbitrary road input wave source based on the beam splitting module that the Meta Materials are prepared.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a construction method of constitutive parameters of a metamaterial for preparing a waveform beam splitting module.
Background
In the prior art, people often adopt a plurality of different antennas to transmit one kind of information at the same time, so that the influence of channel fading can be reduced, and the reliability of a communication system is further improved. The electromagnetic wave has not only energy but also Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM), which is a basic physical characteristic of the electromagnetic wave and reflects a phase variation parameter of the electromagnetic wave in an azimuth direction around a propagation direction axis. For electromagnetic waves of any frequency, all OAM beams form a set of mutually orthogonal, infinite number of eigenmodes. The OAM communication is to use the order (value l) of a group of electromagnetic wave eigenmodes of the OAM mode as a new parameter dimension resource for modulation or multiplexing, that is, to use different values of l to represent different coding states or different information channels, thereby opening up a new way to further improve the spectrum efficiency. Because the value l has an infinite value range, the OAM communication has the potential of infinitely increasing the information carrying capacity of the electromagnetic wave theoretically.
In the prior art, in order to generate multiple OAM beams, an input signal source is often arranged on each path, which makes how to deploy more diversity antennas in a certain space an obstacle to improving the reliability of a communication system.
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the inventor proposes a method capable of dividing an input signal wave source into any input wave source, the method is based on preparing a waveform beam splitting module for dividing an input signal wave source into any input wave source according to specific needs, a metamaterial is particularly suitable for preparing the waveform beam splitting module due to the characteristics of the metamaterial, and in order to realize the method specifically, the acquisition of constitutive parameters of the metamaterial is very important.
Therefore, a method for constructing the constitutive parameters of the metamaterial for manufacturing the waveform beam splitting module is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for constructing constitutive parameters of a metamaterial for preparing a waveform beam splitting module, and aims to solve the technical problem of how to construct the constitutive parameters of the metamaterial for preparing the waveform beam splitting module.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for constructing constitutive parameters of a metamaterial for manufacturing a waveform beam splitting module, where the waveform beam splitting module is used to split an input wave source into arbitrary paths of beams; the construction method of the constitutive parameters of the metamaterial for preparing the waveform beam splitting module comprises the following steps:
according to the beam splitting requirement of the waveform beam splitting module, combining the transformation relation between the coordinate point of the virtual space OA ' B ' (x, y, z) and the coordinate point of the physical space OAB (x ', y ', z '), and obtaining a transformation relation coefficient by using a Jacobian matrix A;
substituting the transformation relation coefficient into a first formula, and substituting the obtained result into a second formula to obtain the constitutive parameters of the metamaterial for preparing the waveform beam splitting module;
the first formula is a functional relationship between coordinate points in the virtual space OA ' B ' (x, y, z) and coordinate points in the physical space OAB (x ', y ', z ');
the second formula is a calculation formula of the relative dielectric constant and the relative magnetic permeability of the metamaterial.
Wherein a transformation relation between the coordinate points of the virtual space OA ' B ' (x, y, z) and the coordinate points of the physical space OAB (x ', y ', z ') is:
wherein a, b, c, d, e and f are the transformation relation coefficients.
Wherein the Jacobian matrix A of the transformation relation coefficients a, b and c is:
the Jacobian matrix A of the transformation relation coefficients d, e and f is as follows:
wherein, the xO，yORespectively an x-axis coordinate and a y-axis coordinate of a coordinate point O in a physical space; x is the number ofA，xBX-axis coordinates of coordinate points A and B in a physical space respectively; y isA，yBRespectively are y-axis coordinates of coordinate points A and B in a physical space; x is the number ofA'，xB'Respectively representing x-axis coordinates of coordinate points A and B in a virtual space; y isA'，yB'The y-axis coordinates of coordinate points a and B in virtual space, respectively.
Wherein the first formula is:
wherein the second formula is:
wherein is epsilon'ijIs a converted value of relative permittivity, μ 'of row i and column j'ijTransformed value of relative permeability in ith row and j column; epsilonijIs the value of the dielectric constant, mu, of the metamaterial in the ith row and j columns in physical spaceijThe permeability value of the metamaterial in the ith row and the j column in the free space is shown in T, the transposition operation is carried out on the Jacobian matrix A, the original rows in the Jacobian matrix A are arranged in columns, i is the row number of the Jacobian matrix A, and j is the column number of the Jacobian matrix A.
The method for constructing the constitutive parameters of the metamaterial for preparing the waveform beam splitting module further comprises the following steps of:
obtaining simplified constitutive parameters of the metamaterial for preparing the waveform beam splitting module by using a third formula based on the constitutive parameters of the metamaterial for preparing the waveform beam splitting module; the third formula is:
wherein μ ' is a relative permeability value of the simplified metamaterial for manufacturing the waveform beam splitting module, ∈ ' is a relative dielectric constant value of the simplified metamaterial for manufacturing the waveform beam splitting module, the virtual space OA ' B ' (x, y, z) is a sector area with a specific central angle θ, the physical space is an OAB (x ', y ', z ') isosceles triangle area with an apex angle θ, and r is a radius of the virtual space OA ' B ' (x, y, z); l is the distance from the coordinate point O to the line segment AB.
According to specific beam splitting requirements, the method can be used for constructing the constitutive parameters of the metamaterial for preparing the waveform beam splitting module, the metamaterial for preparing the waveform beam splitting module can be determined based on the constitutive parameters, and the beam splitting module prepared based on the metamaterial can divide an input signal wave source into any input wave source, so that any OAM wave beam can be obtained simultaneously, more diverse antennas can be deployed in a determined space, and the reliability of a communication system is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of a construction method of the metamaterial for manufacturing the waveform beam splitting module according to the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a waveform splitting module prepared based on constitutive parameters obtained in the present invention to split one OAM beam into N beams.
Fig. 3 is a simulated graph of power density on the exit face of a transform cylinder simulated in CMSOL when the topological charge l is 1 in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a diagram showing simulation results of an electric field Ez and power density by dividing one OAM beam into upper and lower beams and transforming a cross section of a cylinder in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, which are illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as being limited thereto.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a method for constructing constitutive parameters of a metamaterial for preparing a waveform beam splitting module, wherein the waveform beam splitting module is used for splitting an input wave source into arbitrary paths of beams; referring to fig. 1, a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the method for constructing the constitutive parameters of the metamaterial for manufacturing the waveform beam splitting module is shown. In this embodiment, the method for constructing the constitutive parameters of the metamaterial for manufacturing the waveform beam splitting module includes the following steps:
s01, according to the beam splitting requirement of the waveform beam splitting module, combining the transformation relation between the coordinate point of the virtual space OA ' B ' (x, y, z) and the coordinate point of the physical space OAB (x ', y ', z '), and obtaining a transformation relation coefficient by using a Jacobian matrix A;
in the present invention, when the virtual space OA 'B' (x, y, z) is overlapped with the origin O of the physical space OAB (x ', y', z '), the following transformation relationship exists between the coordinate point of the virtual space OA' B '(x, y, z) and the coordinate point of the physical space OAB (x', y ', z'):
wherein a, b, c, d, e and f are the transformation relation coefficients.
The Jacobian matrix A of the transformation relation coefficients a, b and c is as follows:
the Jacobian matrix A of the transformation relation coefficients d, e and f is as follows:
wherein, the xO，yORespectively an x-axis coordinate and a y-axis coordinate of a coordinate point O in a physical space; x is the number ofA，xBX-axis coordinates of coordinate points A and B in a physical space respectively; y isA，yBY being coordinate points A and B in physical space, respectivelyAxis coordinates; x is the number ofA'，xB'Respectively representing x-axis coordinates of coordinate points A and B in a virtual space; y isA'，yB'The y-axis coordinates of coordinate points a and B in virtual space, respectively.
And S02, substituting the transformation relation coefficient into a first formula, and substituting the obtained result into a second formula to obtain the constitutive parameters of the metamaterial for preparing the waveform beam splitting module.
The first formula is a functional relationship between coordinate points of the virtual space OA ' B ' (x, y, z) and coordinate points of the physical space OAB (x ', y ', z ').
The second formula is a calculation formula of the relative dielectric constant and the relative magnetic permeability of the metamaterial.
In this embodiment, the first formula is:
namely, the total differential of x ', y' and z 'on x, y and z, the specific algorithm is that x' separately calculates the partial derivatives of x, y and z, then y 'separately calculates the partial derivatives of x, y and z, and finally z' separately calculates the partial derivatives of x, y and z.
Substituting the first functional relationship into the first formula (iv) results in a transformation relationship between coordinate points in the virtual space OA ' B ' (x, y, z) and coordinate points in the physical space OAB (x ', y ', z ') determined according to the topological charge of the vortex beam to be obtained.
The second formula is:
wherein is epsilon'ijIs a converted value of relative permittivity, μ 'of row i and column j'ijIn row i and column j after conversion of relative permeabilityA value; epsilonijIs the value of the dielectric constant, mu, of the metamaterial in the ith row and j columns in physical spaceijThe permeability value of the metamaterial in the ith row and the j column in the physical space is shown, T is the transposition operation of the Jacobian matrix A, original rows in the Jacobian matrix A are arranged according to columns, i is the row number of the Jacobian matrix A, and j is the column number of the Jacobian matrix A.
In this embodiment, the result of formula (IV) is substituted into the second formula (V), and the result can be represented by formula (VI).
It should be noted that the virtual space OA ' B ' (x, y, z) is a sector area with a specific central angle θ, and the physical space is an isosceles triangle area OAB (x ', y ', z ') with a vertex angle θ. r is the radius of the virtual space OA 'B' (x, y, z); l is the distance from the coordinate point O to the line segment AB.
S03, obtaining the simplified constitutive parameters of the metamaterial for preparing the waveform beam splitting module by using a third formula based on the constitutive parameters of the metamaterial for preparing the waveform beam splitting module; the third formula is:
wherein mu' is the relative magnetic permeability value of the simplified metamaterial for preparing the waveform beam splitting module,
and epsilon' is the relative dielectric constant value of the simplified metamaterial for preparing the waveform beam splitting module.
The constitutive parameters of the metamaterial for preparing the waveform beam splitting module can be further simplified through the step S03, and the metamaterial can be determined according to the simplified constitutive parameters.
Based on the constitutive parameters of the metamaterial for preparing the waveform beam splitting module obtained in the above steps, the metamaterial for preparing the waveform beam splitting module can be determined, and the waveform beam splitting module prepared based on the metamaterial can divide an input signal wave source into any input wave source (as shown in fig. 2).
In the prior art, in order to generate an OAM beam, a planar wavefront in a beam emitted by an input signal source is often required to be converted into a vortex wavefront through a transformation cylinder, so as to form a vortex beam; the process can be realized by a spiral phase plate SPP, a computer generated hologram method, a Graphene reflective array method Graphene reflective array, a super surface method metassurface and the like, and a method realized by a transformation medium is also appeared in recent years. Metamaterials are particularly useful for making transformation cylinders because of their own properties.
In order to further realize that any path of OAM beams with different topological charges are obtained from one input source (planar beam) at the same time, the embodiment further includes the following steps:
and S04, obtaining a proportionality coefficient according to the topological charge of the vortex beam with the specific topological charge.
In this embodiment, the proportionality coefficient is n;
wherein l is the topological charge, a is the thickness of the transformation cylinder, and λ is the vacuum wavelength of the input source.
And S05, determining a first functional relation between the plane wave front and the target vortex wave front by using a transformation optical method based on the scale coefficient.
In this embodiment, the step S05 specifically includes:
substituting the proportional coefficient obtained in the step S04 into the first functional relation to calculate, wherein the obtained result is the first functional relation between the plane wave front and the target vortex wave front;
the first functional relation is:
wherein c is a constant related to the initial coordinate, and is more than or equal to 0.3 and less than or equal to 0.55, preferably 0.4;theta is the azimuth angle in the yoz plane of the transformation cylinder in the virtual space (namely the space before transformation), and theta is more than 0 and less than 2 pi; the initial coordinates are the coordinate positions where the input source beams of the transform cylinder start to be transformed.
It should be noted that x '(x, y, z) is a value of x' in the physical space, and is a function of the virtual space coordinates (x, y, z); y '(x, y, z) is the value of y' in physical space; z '(x, y, z) is the value of z' in physical space.
The first functional relation is a relation for transforming the coordinates (x, y, z) in the original space (virtual space) to the coordinates (x ', y ', z ') in the new space (physical space), as can be seen from formula ii, the above change is mainly to transform the x coordinate in the original space, and y and z are kept unchanged.
And S06, substituting the first functional relation into a first formula, and substituting the obtained result into a second formula to obtain the constitutive parameters of the metamaterial for preparing the transformation cylinder.
Substituting the first functional relationship into a first formula, the result is a transformation relationship between coordinate points in the virtual space OA ' B ' (x, y, z) and coordinate points in the physical space OAB (x ', y ', z ') determined according to the topological charge of the vortex beam with the specific topological charge, which can be specifically represented by formula (x).
Wherein,theta' is the azimuth angle in the transformed cylindrical yoz plane in the physical space (namely the transformed space), and theta is more than 0 and less than 2 pi; r' is the radius of the transform cylinder on the transform cylinder yoz plane in physical space.
In the present invention, the virtual space OA ' B ' (x, y, z) is made to coincide with the origin O of the physical space OAB (x ', y ', z ').
In this example, the result of formula (X) is substituted into the second formula (V), and the obtained result can be represented by formula (XI).
It should be noted that, in the following description,
the result of calculation based on the formula (XI) is the constitutive parameters of the metamaterial for preparing the transformation cylinder; the transformation cylinder is used for transforming the plane beam into a vortex beam with topological charges; the person skilled in the art can realize the above calculated constitutive parameters of the metamaterial for preparing the transformation cylinder with the corresponding metamaterial. When the topological charge l is 1, the wave velocity obtained after the planar beam is transformed by the transformation cylinder should be a typical laguerre gaussian wave velocity, i.e. its power density is a circular ring shape. FIG. 3 is a simulation diagram of the power density on the exit surface of the transform cylinder simulated by the inventor in the multi-physics coupling analysis software (CMSOL) according to the above conditions. Fig. 3 illustrates that constructing the metamaterial constitutive parameters for preparing the transformation cylinder according to the above method can effectively transform the planar beam into the OAM beam of the corresponding topological charge number.
Based on the metamaterial constitutive parameters obtained in the above steps, a metamaterial used for preparing a waveform beam splitting module and a metamaterial used for preparing a transformation cylinder can be determined, and the waveform beam splitting module prepared based on the metamaterial can divide an input signal wave source into any input wave source, and the any input wave source generates OAM wave beams through the respective corresponding transformation cylinder. Therefore, any path of OAM wave beam can be generated from one input source (plane wave beam), and more diversity antennas can be deployed in a determined space, thereby improving the reliability of the communication system.
In order to further determine the experimental effect of the present invention, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, based on the method of the above embodiment, and assuming that the waveform splitting module can split an input wave source into two beams, an OAM beam is split into two beams by a multi-physical field coupling analysis software (CMSOL) simulation and passes through a transformation cylinder, and the result is shown in fig. 4.
In the present embodiment, the above-described conversion is exemplified, and the center angle θ is 30 °, xO＝0，yO＝0，xA＝-0.2，xB＝0.2，xA'＝-0.1，xB'＝0.1，yA＝0.6，yB＝0.6，yA'＝0.1，yB'The values of transformation relation coefficients a, b, c, d, e and f are further calculated according to the Jacobian matrix A, wherein a is 2; b is 0; c is 0; d is 0; e is 0; f is 0.
And bringing the transformation relation coefficients back to the functional relation, calculating a Jacobian matrix A corresponding to the transformation relation coefficients, and finally calculating the final relative dielectric constant and relative permeability of the metamaterial area according to the formula. The method has general applicability, and beams with any orbit angular momentum can be obtained according to actual requirements.
Fig. 4 shows a 2-dimensional planar electric field diagram of a two-path OAM generator, which has the function of dividing one path of beam with a planar wavefront into an upper path and a lower path, and then inputting the upper path and the lower path of beam into a transformation cylinder, thereby obtaining two paths of OAM beams. In fig. 4, the middle position is the input source, two rectangles are arranged above and below, the cross section of the transformation cylinder is shown, the width of the rectangle is twice the radius 2r of the transformation cylinder, and the height of the rectangle is the thickness a of the transformation cylinder. In order to see the regulation and control of the transformation cylinder on the phase of a plane wave beam in a two-dimensional graph, a rectangle is divided into a left part and a right part, the regulation and control phase is set to be 0 on the left side, and the regulation and control phase is set to be pi/2 on the right side, and the wave beams output by the two parts are obviously different from each other through a graph 4, so that the transformation cylinder plays a role in regulating and controlling the phase, and the correctness of the method is verified.
Therefore, according to specific requirements, based on the calculation result of the method, an OAM beam generator capable of dividing an input signal wave source into any path of input wave sources and further obtaining any path of OAM beams with different topological charges, that is, a plane beam is simultaneously divided into any path of OAM beams, so that more diversity antennas can be deployed in a determined space, and the reliability of a communication system is improved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for constructing constitutive parameters of a metamaterial for manufacturing a waveform beam splitting module, wherein the waveform beam splitting module is used for splitting an input wave source into arbitrary paths of beams, and the method for constructing the constitutive parameters of the metamaterial for manufacturing the waveform beam splitting module comprises the following steps:
according to the beam splitting requirement of the waveform beam splitting module, combining the transformation relation between the coordinate point of the virtual space OA ' B ' (x, y, z) and the coordinate point of the physical space OAB (x ', y ', z '), and obtaining a transformation relation coefficient by using a Jacobian matrix A;
substituting the transformation relation coefficient into a first formula, and substituting the obtained result into a second formula to obtain the constitutive parameters of the metamaterial for preparing the waveform beam splitting module;
the first formula is a functional relationship between coordinate points in the virtual space OA ' B ' (x, y, z) and coordinate points in the physical space OAB (x ', y ', z ');
the second formula is a calculation formula of the relative dielectric constant and the relative magnetic permeability of the metamaterial.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein a transformation relationship between coordinate points in the virtual space OA ' B ' (x, y, z) and coordinate points in the physical space OAB (x ', y ', z ') is:
wherein a, b, c, d, e and f are the transformation relation coefficients.
3. The method for constructing constitutive parameters of a metamaterial for manufacturing a waveform beam splitting module according to claim 1, wherein the Jacobian matrix A of the transformation relation coefficients a, b and c is as follows:
the Jacobian matrix A of the transformation relation coefficients d, e and f is as follows:
wherein, the xO，yORespectively an x-axis coordinate and a y-axis coordinate of a coordinate point O in a physical space; x is the number ofA，xBX-axis coordinates of coordinate points A and B in a physical space respectively; y isA，yBRespectively are y-axis coordinates of coordinate points A and B in a physical space; x is the number ofA'，xB'Respectively representing x-axis coordinates of coordinate points A and B in a virtual space; y isA'，yB'The y-axis coordinates of coordinate points a and B in virtual space, respectively.
4. The method for constructing the constitutive parameters of the metamaterial for manufacturing the waveform beam splitting module according to claim 1, wherein the first formula is as follows:
5. the method for constructing the constitutive parameters of the metamaterial for manufacturing the waveform beam splitting module according to claim 1, wherein the second formula is as follows:
wherein is epsilon'ijIs a converted value of relative permittivity, μ 'of row i and column j'ijTransformed value of relative permeability in ith row and j column; epsilonijIs the value of the relative dielectric constant, mu, of the metamaterial in the ith row and j columns in physical spaceijThe value of the relative permeability of the metamaterial in the ith row and the j column in the physical space is shown, T is the transposition operation of a Jacobian matrix A, original rows in the Jacobian matrix A are arranged in columns, i is the row number of the Jacobian matrix A, and j is the column number of the Jacobian matrix A.
6. The method for constructing the constitutive parameters of the metamaterial for manufacturing the waveform beam splitting module as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method for constructing the constitutive parameters of the metamaterial for manufacturing the waveform beam splitting module further comprises the following steps:
obtaining simplified constitutive parameters of the metamaterial for preparing the waveform beam splitting module by using a third formula based on the constitutive parameters of the metamaterial for preparing the waveform beam splitting module; the third formula is:
wherein μ ' is a relative permeability value of the simplified metamaterial for manufacturing the waveform beam splitting module, ∈ ' is a relative dielectric constant value of the simplified metamaterial for manufacturing the waveform beam splitting module, the virtual space OA ' B ' (x, y, z) is a sector area with a specific central angle θ, the physical space is an OAB (x ', y ', z ') isosceles triangle area with an apex angle θ, and r is a radius of the virtual space OA ' B ' (x, y, z); l is the distance from the coordinate point O to the line segment AB.
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