WO2018121175A1

WO2018121175A1 - Method for constructing constitutive parameter of metamaterial for preparing waveform beam splitting module

Info

Publication number: WO2018121175A1
Application number: PCT/CN2017/114047
Authority: WO
Inventors: 张晨; 邓力; 李书芳; 张贯京; 葛新科; 高伟明; 张红治
Original assignee: 深圳市景程信息科技有限公司
Priority date: 2016-12-31
Filing date: 2017-11-30
Publication date: 2018-07-05
Also published as: CN108268682A

Abstract

Provided in the present invention is a method for constructing a constitutive parameter of a metamaterial for preparing a waveform beam splitting module. The waveform beam splitting module is used for dividing an input wave source into any number of paths of wave beams. The method comprises the following steps: according to a beam splitting requirement of a waveform beam splitting module, in conjunction with a transformation relationship between coordinate points in a virtual space OA'B' (x, y, z) and coordinate points in a physical space OAB (x', y', z'), using a Jacobian matrix A to obtain a transformation relationship coefficient; and substituting the transformation relationship coefficient into a first formula, and substituting an obtained result into a second formula to obtain a constitutive parameter of a metamaterial for preparing the waveform beam splitting module. Based on the constitutive parameter of a metamaterial for preparing a waveform beam splitting module, the metamaterial for preparing the waveform beam splitting module can be determined, and the beam splitting module prepared based on the metamaterial can divide an input signal wave source into any number of paths of input wave sources.

Description

Method for constructing constitutive parameters of metamaterial for preparing waveform beam splitting module

Technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a method for constructing a constitutive parameter of a metamaterial for preparing a waveform beam splitting module.

Background technique

[0002] In the prior art, a plurality of different antennas are often used to transmit one type of information, which can reduce the influence of channel fading and further improve the reliability of the communication system. The electromagnetic wave not only has energy, but also has orbital angular momentum (OAM). OAM is the basic physical characteristic of electromagnetic waves, and reflects the phase change parameter of the azimuth direction of the electromagnetic wave around the propagation direction axis. For electromagnetic waves of any frequency, all OA M beams form a set of mutually orthogonal, infinite number of eigenmodes. OAM communication is to use the order of the electromagnetic wave eigenmode of the OAM mode (value, as a new parameter dimension resource available for modulation or multiplexing, that is, using different direct representations of different coding states or different information channels, thereby A new way to further improve the spectral efficiency. Because of the infinite range of values, theoretically OAM communication has the potential to increase the amount of information carried by electromagnetic waves indefinitely.

[0003] In the prior art, in order to generate a multi-channel OAM beam, an input signal source is often disposed on each path, which makes it possible to deploy more diversity antennas in a certain space to become an improved communication system. Barriers to reliability.

[0004] In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the inventors propose a method capable of dividing an input signal wave source into an arbitrary input wave source, and the basis of the method is to prepare an input signal wave source according to specific needs. The waveform splitting module is divided into arbitrary input waves. The metamaterial is especially suitable for the preparation of the waveform splitting module because of its own characteristics. In order to implement the above method, the acquisition of the constitutive parameters of the metamaterial is crucial.

[0005] Therefore, there is a need for a method of constructing constitutive parameters of a metamaterial for preparing a waveform beam splitting module.

technical problem

[0006] It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for constructing a constitutive parameter of a metamaterial for preparing a waveform beam splitting module, which aims to solve how to construct a constitutive parameter of a metamaterial for preparing a waveform beam splitting module. Technology Question.

Problem solution

Technical solution

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for constructing a constitutive parameter of a metamaterial for preparing a waveform beam splitting module, the waveform beam splitting module for dividing an input wave source into an arbitrary path beam; The method for constructing the constitutive parameters of the metamaterial used to prepare the waveform beam splitting module comprises the following steps:

[0008] According to the splitting requirement of the waveform splitting module, the coordinate point between the virtual space OA'B' (x, y, z) and the coordinate point of the physical space χ (χ', y', ζ') Transforming the relationship, using the Jacobian matrix Α to obtain the transformation relationship coefficient;

[0009] substituting the transformation relationship coefficient into the first formula, and substituting the obtained result into the second formula to obtain a constitutive parameter of the metamaterial used to prepare the waveform beam splitting module;

[0010] The first formula is a functional relationship between coordinate points in the virtual space OA'B' (x, y, z) and coordinate points in the physical space OAB (χ', y', ζ');

[0011] The second formula is a formula for calculating the relative dielectric constant and relative magnetic permeability of the metamaterial.

[0012] wherein, the transformation relationship between the coordinate point of the virtual space OA'B' (x, y, z) and the coordinate point of the physical space OAB (χ', y', z') is:

Where a, b, c, d, e, and f are the transformation relationship coefficients.

[0015] wherein the Jacobian matrix A of the transformation relationship coefficients a, b, and c is:

[0017] The Jacobian matrix A of the transformation relationship coefficients d, e, and f is:

[0018]

[0019] wherein, the x. , y. They are the X-axis and y-axis coordinates of coordinate point 0 in physical space; x _A and x _B are the X-axis coordinates of coordinate points A and B in physical space, respectively; y _A , y _B

They are the y-axis coordinates of the coordinate points A and B in the physical space; x _A ., x _B . are the X-axis coordinates of the coordinate points A and B in the virtual space respectively; y _A ., y _B . are the coordinates in the virtual space respectively. The y-axis coordinates of points A and B.

[0020] wherein the first formula is:

[0021]

[0022] wherein the second formula is:

[0023]

Where ε is the transformed value of the relative permittivity of the i-th row and j-th column, μ is the transformed value of the relative magnetic permeability of the i-th row and j-column; is the meta-material of the i-th row and the j-th column in the physical space The value of the dielectric constant is the value of the permeability of the metamaterial of the i-th row and the j-th column in free space, T is the transposition operation of the Jacobian matrix A, and the original row in the Jacobian matrix A becomes Column arrangement, i is the row number of the Jacobian matrix A, and j is the column number of the Jacobian matrix A. [0025] wherein, the method for constructing the constitutive parameter of the metamaterial for preparing the waveform beam splitting module further comprises the following steps:

[0026] based on the constitutive parameter of the metamaterial for preparing the waveform beam splitting module, using the third formula to obtain a simplified constitutive parameter of the metamaterial for preparing the waveform beam splitting module; :

Wherein μ′ is a relative magnetic permeability value of the simplified metamaterial for preparing the waveform sub-module, and ε′ is a relative dielectric constant value of the super metamaterial used for preparing the waveform splitting module, The virtual space OA'B' (x, y, z) is a sectoral area with a specific central angle ,, the physical space is an OAB (x', y ', ζ') isosceles triangle with a apex angle of Θ The area, r is the radius of the virtual space OA'B' (χ, γ, ζ); L is the distance from the coordinate point 0 to the line segment ΑΒ.

Advantageous effects of the invention

Beneficial effect

[0029] Depending on the specific beam splitting requirements, the constitutive parameters of the metamaterial used to prepare the waveform beam splitting module can be constructed by the method of the present invention, based on which the metamaterial used to prepare the waveform beam splitting module can be determined And the beam splitting module prepared based on the metamaterial can divide an input signal wave source into an arbitrary input wave source, so that the ΟΑΜ beam of any way can be obtained at the same time, thereby deploying more diverse antennas in a certain space. Improve the reliability of communication systems.

Brief description of the drawing

DRAWINGS

1 is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of a method of constructing constitutive parameters of a metamaterial for preparing a waveform beam splitting module of the present invention.

2 is a waveform splitting module prepared based on the constitutive parameters obtained by the present invention, dividing a ΟΑΜ beam into two

Schematic diagram of the beam of the road.

3 is a simulation simulated in CMSOL when the topological charge L=1吋 in a preferred embodiment of the present invention. A power density simulation of the exit surface of the cylinder.

4 is a diagram showing simulation results of electric field Ez and power density by dividing an OAM beam into upper and lower beams and transforming the cross section of the cylinder in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments thereof. The following examples are illustrative of the invention, and the invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a method for constructing a constitutive parameter of a metamaterial for preparing a waveform beam splitting module, the waveform beam splitting module for dividing an input wave source into an arbitrary path beam; Referring to Figure 1, there is shown a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of a method of constructing a constitutive parameter of a metamaterial for use in preparing a waveform beam splitting module. In this embodiment, the method for constructing the constitutive parameter of the metamaterial for preparing the waveform beam splitting module comprises the following steps:

[0036] According to the splitting requirement of the waveform splitting module, the SO is combined with the coordinate point of the virtual space OA'B ' (x, y, z) and the coordinate point of the physical space OAB (χ', y', ζ') The transformation relationship, using the Jacobian matrix A to obtain the transformation relationship coefficient;

[0037] It should be noted that, in the present invention, the virtual space OA'B' (x, y, z) coincides with the origin O of the physical space OAB (x ', y', ζ ' ), and the virtual space OA The following transformation relationship exists between the coordinate points of 'B' (x, y, z) and the coordinate points of the physical space OAB (χ', y', ζ'):

[0038]

:·]》 ^? ? = +,:

(I);

Wherein a, b, c, d, e, and f are the transformation relationship coefficients.

[0040] The Jacobian matrix A of the transformation relationship coefficients a, b, and c is:

[0041] ' Ί

[0042] The Jacobian matrix A of the transformation relationship coefficients d, e, and f is:

[0043]

m

[0044] wherein, the x. , y. They are the x-axis and y-axis coordinates of the coordinate point O in the physical space; x _A and x _B are the X-axis coordinates of the coordinate points A and B in the physical space, respectively; y _A , y _B

[0045] S02. Substituting the transformation relationship coefficient into the first formula, and substituting the obtained result into the second formula, obtaining a constitutive parameter of the metamaterial used to prepare the waveform beam splitting module.

[0046] The first formula is a functional relationship between coordinate points of the virtual space OA'B' (x, y, z) and coordinate points of the physical space OAB (χ', y', ζ').

[0047] The second formula is a formula for calculating the relative dielectric constant and relative magnetic permeability of the metamaterial.

[0048] In this embodiment, the first formula is:

[0049]

IV

[0050] That is, x', y', z' is totally different for x, y, z, and the specific algorithm is that x' is partial to x, y, and z, respectively. Then y' is partial to χ, y, and z, and finally z' is partial to χ, y, and z.

[0051] Substituting the first functional relationship into the first formula (IV), the result is a virtual space OA'B' (x, y, z) determined according to the topological charge of the vortex beam required to be obtained. Coordinate points and physical space in O

The transformation relationship between coordinate points in AB (χ' , y', ζ' ).

[0052] The second formula is:

[0053]

ΑΑ I

Shoulder 4)

v

Where ε' is the transformed value of the relative dielectric constant of the i-th row and the j-th column, and μ' the i-th row and the j-th column are the transformed values of the relative magnetic permeability; ε is the i-th in the physical space. The value of the dielectric constant of the metamaterial of row j, μ is the value of the permeability of the metamaterial of the i-th row and the j-th column in the physical space, and T is the transposition operation of the Jacobian matrix A, in the Jacobian matrix A The original rows are arranged in columns, i is the row number of the Jacobian matrix A, and j is the column number of the Jacobian matrix A.

In the present embodiment, the result of the formula (IV) is substituted into the second formula (V), and the obtained result can be expressed by the formula (VI).

VI

[0057] It should be noted that the virtual space OA'B' (x, y, z) is a sector-shaped area with a specific central angle, and the physical space is an OAB (χ', γ' of the vertex angle. ζ' ) Isosceles triangle area. r is the radius of the virtual space OA'B' (x, y, z); L is the distance from the coordinate point 0 to the line segment AB.

[0058] S03. Obtain a simplified constitutive parameter of the metamaterial for preparing the waveform beam splitting module by using a third formula based on the constitutive parameter of the metamaterial for preparing the waveform splitting module; The formula is:

(vn).

Wherein μ' is the relative permeability value of the simplified metamaterial used to prepare the waveform beam splitting module, and ε' is the relative dielectric constant value of the simplified metamaterial used to prepare the waveform beam splitting module .

[0061] The constitutive parameters of the metamaterial used to prepare the waveform beam splitting module can be further simplified by step S03, which is advantageous for determining the metamaterial according to the simplified constitutive parameter.

[0062] Based on the constitutive parameters of the metamaterial for preparing the waveform beam splitting module obtained in the above steps, the metamaterial for preparing the waveform beam splitting module can be determined, and the waveform splitting module prepared based on the metamaterial can Divide an input signal source into an arbitrary input source (as shown in Figure 2).

[0063] In the prior art, in order to generate a chirp beam, it is often necessary to transform a plane wavefront transformed beam in a beam from an input signal source into a vortex wavefront to form a vortex beam; the above process can be performed by a spiral phase plate. SPP, computational holography method hol ₀ gmm, graphene reflection array method Gmphene reflectarray. Ultra-surface method metasurface, etc., in recent years, there have also been methods implemented by transforming media. Metamaterials are particularly suitable for the preparation of transforming cylinders because of their own properties.

[0064] In order to further obtain an OAM beam with an arbitrary path with different topological charge from an input source (plane beam), the embodiment further includes the following steps:

[0065] S04. Obtain a scaling factor according to the topological charge of the vortex beam with a specific topological charge.

[0066] In this embodiment, the scaling factor is n;

[0067]

1,

(VIII);

[0068] wherein L is a topological charge, α is a transformed cylinder thickness, and λ is a vacuum wavelength of the input source.

[0069] S05. Determine a first functional relationship between the plane wavefront and the target vortex wavefront by using a method of transforming optics based on a scaling factor. [0070] In this embodiment, the step S05 is specifically:

[0071] Substituting the proportional coefficient obtained in step S04 into the first functional relational expression, the obtained result is the first functional relationship between the planar wavefront and the target vortex wavefront;

[0072] The first function relationship is:

[0073]

(IX);

Where c is a constant associated with the initial coordinates, 0.3≤c≤0.55, preferably 0.4; 6=tan ¹ (z/y),

Θ is the azimuth in the yoz plane of the transformed cylinder in the virtual space (ie, the space before the transformation), 0< θ < 2π; the initial coordinate is the coordinate position at which the input source beam of the transformed cylinder is initially transformed.

[0075] It should be noted that the value of χ' in the physical space is a function of the virtual space coordinates (x, y, z); the value of y' in the physical space; and the z' in the physical space. value.

[0076] The first functional relationship is a transformation of coordinates (x, y, z) in the original space (virtual space) into coordinates (x', y', ζ') in the new space (physical space) The relationship, as shown in the formula, is that the above changes are mainly to transform the X coordinate in the original space, and y and ζ remain unchanged.

[0077] S06. Substituting the first functional relationship into the first formula, and substituting the obtained result into the second formula to obtain a constitutive parameter of the metamaterial for preparing the transforming cylinder.

[0078] Substituting the first functional relationship into the first formula, the result is a virtual space OA'B' (x, y, z determined according to the topological charge of the vortex beam with a specific topological charge) The transformation relationship between the coordinate points in the physical space OAB (χ', y', ζ') can be expressed by the formula (X).

[0079] [0079]

(X).

Wherein e'=tan -i (z7y'), θ' is the azimuth angle in the yoz plane of the transformed cylinder in the physical space (ie, the transformed space), 0 < θ < 2π; is a transform cylinder in physical space The radius of the yoz plane upconverting cylinder.

It should be noted that in the present invention, the virtual space OA'B' (x, y, z) coincides with the origin O of the physical space OAB (x ', y', ζ ' ).

In the present embodiment, the result of the formula (X) is substituted into the second formula (the result of V can be expressed by the formula XI).

(XI);

[0084] It should be noted that

(χπ).

a result of calculation based on the above formula (XI), that is, a constitutive parameter of a metamaterial for preparing a transforming cylinder; the transforming cylinder is used to transform a planar beam into a vortex beam with a topological charge; The person can use the corresponding metamaterial to achieve the constitutive parameters of the above-described calculated metamaterial for preparing the transforming cylinder. When the topological charge L is 1 吋, the wave velocity obtained by the transformation of the plane beam by the transformed cylinder should be a typical Laguerre Gaussian wave velocity, that is, its power density is a ring shape. Figure 3 is the inventor of the multi-physics coupled analysis software (CMSOL), according to the above conditions, simulated transformation of the cylindrical exit surface Power density simulation diagram. 3 illustrates an OAM beam in which a transform cylinder prepared by constructing a metamaterial constitutive parameter for transforming a cylinder according to the above method can efficiently transform a planar beam into a corresponding topological charge.

[0086] Based on the metamaterial constitutive parameters obtained in the above steps, the metamaterial for preparing the waveform beam splitting module and the metamaterial for preparing the transforming cylinder can be determined, and the waveform splitting module prepared based on the metamaterial can An input signal source is divided into arbitrary input wave sources, and the arbitrary input wave sources generate OAM beams through respective corresponding transform cylinders. Therefore, an OAM beam of an arbitrary path can be generated from one input source (planar beam) and the same, and more diversity antennas can be deployed in a certain space to improve the reliability of the communication system.

In order to further determine the test effect of the present invention, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the inventors based on the method of the above embodiment, and assuming that the waveform splitting module can divide an input wave source into two upper and lower beams, Multiphysics Integration Analysis Software (CMSOL) simulation simulates an OAM beam into two upper and lower beams and transforms the cylinder. The result is shown in Figure 4.

[0088] In the present embodiment, the above path is transformed into an example, the center angle θ=30°, x. =0, y. =0, x _A =-0.2 , x _B =0.2, x _A =-0.1 , x _B .=0.1, y _A =0.6, y _B =0.6, y _A .=0.1, y _B .=0.1 and then according to Jacques Calculate the values of the transformation relationship coefficients &, b, c, d, e, and f from the matrix A, a=2; b=0; c=0; d=0; e=0; f=0=

[0089] These transformation relationship coefficients are brought back to the functional relationship, and the corresponding Jacobian matrix A is calculated. Finally, the final relative permittivity and relative permeability of the metamaterial region are calculated according to the above formula. This method has universal applicability, and it is possible to obtain a beam of arbitrary orbital angular momentum according to actual needs.

[0090] FIG. 4 shows a two-dimensional planar electric field diagram of a two-way OAM generator. The function is to divide a beam with a plane wavefront into upper and lower two paths, and then input it to a transforming cylinder, and finally obtain two OAM beams. In Figure 4, the middle position is the input source, and there are two rectangles on the top and bottom, which indicate the cross section of the transform cylinder. The width of the rectangle is twice the radius of the transform cylinder 2r, and the height of the rectangle is the thickness a of the transform cylinder. In order to see the transformation of the plane of the plane beam in the two-dimensional graph, we divide the rectangle into two parts, the left side is set to 0, and the right side is set to π/2. Figure 4 shows two parts. The output beam has a distinct difference, indicating that the transform cylinder acts as a phase control, verifying the correctness of the method of the present invention.

[0091] Therefore, according to the specific needs, we can prepare a can based on the calculation result of the method of the present invention. The input signal wave source is divided into an arbitrary input wave source, and the OAM beam generator of the OAM beam with different topological charge is obtained in the same way, that is, a plane beam is split into the beam generator of the OAM beam of any way, and More diversity antennas are deployed in the determined space to improve the reliability of the communication system.

[0092]

The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the equivalent structure or equivalent process transformations made by the description of the present invention and the contents of the drawings may be directly or indirectly applied to other related The technical field is equally included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Industrial applicability

[0094] Depending on the specific beam splitting requirements, the constitutive parameters of the metamaterial used to prepare the waveform beam splitting module can be constructed by the method of the present invention, based on which the metamaterial used to prepare the waveform beam splitting module can be determined And the beam splitting module prepared based on the metamaterial can divide an input signal wave source into an arbitrary input wave source, so that an OAM beam of an arbitrary path can be obtained at the same time, thereby deploying more diverse antennas in a certain space. Improve the reliability of communication systems.

Claims

Claim

[Claim 1] A method for constructing a constitutive parameter of a metamaterial for preparing a waveform beam splitting module, the waveform beam splitting module for dividing an input wave source into an arbitrary path beam, wherein the The method for constructing the constitutive parameter of the metamaterial of the waveform beam splitting module comprises the following steps: combining the coordinate point of the virtual space OA'B' (x, y, z) with the physical space OAB according to the splitting requirement of the waveform splitting module The transformation relationship between the coordinate points of (χ', y', ζ'), using the Jacobian matrix Α to obtain the transformation relationship coefficient; substituting the transformation relationship coefficient into the first formula, and substituting the result into the second formula Obtaining a constitutive parameter of the metamaterial for preparing the waveform beam splitting module; the first formula is a coordinate point in the virtual space OA'B' (x, y, z) and a physical space OAB (χ', y' , a functional relationship between coordinate points in ζ' ); the second formula is a formula for calculating the relative permittivity and relative permeability of metamaterials

[Claim 2] The method for constructing a constitutive parameter of a metamaterial for preparing a waveform beam splitting module according to claim 1, wherein said virtual space OA'B' (x, y, z) The transformation relationship between the coordinate points and the coordinate points in the physical space OAB (χ', y', ζ') is:

Where a, b, c, d, e, and f are the transformation relationship coefficients.

[Claim 3] The method for constructing a constitutive parameter of a metamaterial for preparing a waveform beam splitting module according to claim 1, wherein the Jacobian matrix A of the transformation relationship coefficients a, b, and c is :

The Jacobian matrix A of the transformation relationship coefficients d, e, and f is:

Wherein the x. , y. They are the χ-axis and y-axis coordinates of the coordinate point 物理 in the physical space; XA and x _B are the X-axis coordinates of the coordinate points A and B in the physical space respectively; y _A and y _B are the coordinate points A and B in the physical space respectively. The y-axis coordinates; X _A ., X _B . are the X-axis coordinates of the coordinate points A and B in the virtual space respectively; y _A ., y _B . are the y-axis coordinates of the coordinate points A and B in the virtual space, respectively.

[Claim 4] The method for constructing a constitutive parameter of a metamaterial for preparing a waveform beam splitting module according to claim 1, wherein the first formula is:

[Claim 5] The method for constructing a constitutive parameter of a metamaterial for preparing a waveform beam splitting module according to claim 1, wherein the second formula is:

Where ε' is the transformed value of the relative permittivity of the i-th row and j-th column, μ' is the transformed value of the relative magnetic permeability of the i-th row and j-column; ε is the i-th row in the physical space j The value of the relative permittivity of the supermaterial of the column, μ is the value of the relative permeability of the metamaterial of the i-th row and the j-th column in the physical space, T is the transposition operation of the Jacobian matrix A, and the Jacobian matrix A The original rows are arranged in columns, i is the row number of the Jacobian matrix A, and j is the column number of the Jacobian matrix A.

[Claim 6] The method for constructing a constitutive parameter of a metamaterial for preparing a waveform beam splitting module according to claim 1, wherein the constitutive parameter of the metamaterial for preparing a waveform beam splitting module The method of constructing further includes the following steps: based on the method for preparing a waveform beam splitting module The constitutive parameter of the metamaterial, the constitutive parameter of the simplified metamaterial for preparing the waveform beam splitting module is obtained by the third formula; the third formula is:

Where μ' is the relative permeability value of the simplified metamaterial used to prepare the waveform beam splitting module, and ε' is the relative dielectric constant value of the simplified metamaterial used to prepare the waveform beam splitting module. The virtual space ΟΑ 'Β' (χ, γ, ζ) is a sectoral region with a specific central angle ,, which is a 三角形 (,', γ', ζ') isosceles triangle region with a apex angle Θ , r is the radius of the virtual space ΟΑ 'Β' (χ, γ, ζ); L is the distance from the coordinate point 0 to the line segment ΑΒ.