CN110534902B - Large phased array antenna radiation characteristic analysis method with frequency selection antenna housing - Google Patents
Large phased array antenna radiation characteristic analysis method with frequency selection antenna housing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110534902B CN110534902B CN201910478189.8A CN201910478189A CN110534902B CN 110534902 B CN110534902 B CN 110534902B CN 201910478189 A CN201910478189 A CN 201910478189A CN 110534902 B CN110534902 B CN 110534902B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- phased array
- array
- frequency selection
- radiation characteristic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/267—Phased-array testing or checking devices
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for analyzing radiation characteristics of a large phased array antenna with a frequency selection antenna cover, which comprises the following steps: 1) determining the subarray scale of a phased array antenna with a frequency selection antenna cover; 2) and (3) carrying out radiation characteristic analysis on the subarrays: adopting a finite element method to carry out integrated analysis on a frequency selection antenna cover structure with the size of 4 lambda multiplied by 4 lambda and a 2 lambda multiplied by 2 lambda phased array antenna subarray to obtain the radiation characteristic of the subarray array element; 3) and carrying out vector synthesis according to the excitation amplitude and the phase of each subarray to obtain the radiation characteristic of the phased array antenna with the frequency selection antenna cover. The method is based on the thought of subarray decomposition, the coupling between phased array antenna elements and the coupling between the phased array antenna and the frequency selection antenna housing are accurately considered by adopting a full-wave method, and the radiation characteristic of the large phased array antenna with the frequency selection antenna housing can be accurately solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an electromagnetic compatibility technology, in particular to a method for analyzing radiation characteristics of a large phased array antenna with a frequency selection antenna cover.
Background
The frequency selection antenna housing has the characteristic of improving stealth of the phased array radar, and is more and more applied to platforms such as ships and airplanes which have high requirements on stealth, but the frequency selection antenna housing can affect gain, beam scanning angle and the like of the phased array radar antenna, so that simulation analysis and optimization design are required to be carried out on the integrated radiation characteristics of the frequency selection antenna housing and the phased array radar antenna.
At present, in an integrated radiation characteristic analysis method of a frequency selection antenna housing and an antenna, much attention is paid to the electrical characteristic analysis of the frequency selection antenna housing, and less attention is paid to the integrated radiation characteristic analysis method of the frequency selection antenna housing and the antenna, wherein in the aspect of the electrical characteristic analysis method of the frequency selection antenna housing, the electrical characteristic of a frequency selection element of the frequency selection antenna housing is mainly analyzed by full-wave methods such as a moment of mass (MOM) method and a Finite Element (FEM) method; and adopting high-frequency methods such as Geometric Optics (GO), Physical Optics (PO) and the like to analyze the electrical characteristics of the frequency selection antenna housing with limited size. In the aspect of an analysis method for the integrated radiation characteristics of a frequency selection antenna housing and an antenna, full-wave methods such as a moment of mass (MOM) method and a Finite Element (FEM) method are more adopted to analyze the integrated radiation characteristics of dozens of array element-level array antennas and the frequency selection antenna housing, and the method cannot analyze the integrated radiation characteristics of a large phased array antenna and the frequency selection antenna housing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for analyzing the radiation characteristic of a large phased array antenna with a frequency selection antenna cover aiming at the defects in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a method for analyzing radiation characteristics of a large phased array antenna with a frequency selection antenna cover comprises the following steps:
1) determining phased array antenna subarray scale with frequency selective radome
When the radiation characteristic of a phased array element with a frequency selection antenna housing is calculated, for a phased array antenna subarray, the size of a 2 lambda multiplied by 2 lambda subarray with the array element as the center is selected, and for a frequency selection antenna housing subarray, a frequency selection structure with the size of 4 lambda multiplied by 4 lambda with the array element projected to the position of the frequency selection antenna housing as the center is selected;
2) analyzing radiation characteristics of the subarrays
Adopting a finite element method to carry out integrated analysis on a frequency selection antenna cover structure with the size of 4 lambda multiplied by 4 lambda and a 2 lambda multiplied by 2 lambda phased array antenna subarray to obtain the radiation characteristic of the subarray array element;
the method comprises the following specific steps:
the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system is used for representing the far-field radiation characteristic of the array element, and for the far-field radiation characteristic of the array element excited by unit power, the position vector of the observation point is
Unit vector of observation point direction, pair
The observation point of the direction is that,
the radiation characteristic of the array element is obtained by analyzing the radiation characteristic of the array element by a finite element method;
where A is a proportionality coefficient related to the form of the array element, theta and
to observe the spherical coordinate components of the dots relative to the array elements, fx、fyAnd fzIs composed of
The rectangular coordinate components of the array element far-field radiation pattern in X, Y and Z directions respectively are complex numbers and contain amplitude and phase information;
3) vector synthesis is carried out according to the excitation amplitude and the phase of each subarray, and the radiation characteristic of the phased array antenna with the frequency selection antenna housing is obtained;
assuming that the array elements of the phased array antenna are distributed on the XY surface of the rectangular coordinate system, the array center of the phased array antenna is positioned at the origin of the XY surface, and the radiation wave beam of the phased array antenna points to
The unit vector corresponding to the direction is
Excitation phase delta of ith array element of phased array antennaiPointing to a radiation beam
The relationship of (a) to (b) is as follows:
in the formula
The radial of the ith array element position.
The excitation phase delta of the ith array element of the phased array antenna can be obtained by bringing the formula (6) into the formula (7)iPointing to a radiation beam
The relationship is as follows:
after considering the excitation amplitude and phase information of the phased array antenna array element, the radiation characteristic of the ith array element at X, Y and the component in the Z direction can be expressed as:
where P is the amplitude of the excitation signal of the array element, fx、fyAnd fzThe antenna array element radiation characteristic of coupling influence between a frequency selection antenna cover and a phased array antenna array element is considered;
the radiation characteristic of the phased array antenna with the frequency selective antenna cover can be obtained by the vector superposition of the radiation characteristics of the array elements, and the radiation characteristic can be expressed as follows:
wherein, N is the array element number of the phased array antenna.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the method can accurately solve the radiation characteristic of the large phased array antenna with the frequency selection antenna housing. Based on the thought of subarray decomposition, the full-wave method is adopted to accurately consider the coupling between the array elements of the phased array antenna and the coupling between the phased array antenna and the frequency selection antenna housing;
2) the method has good applicability, the radiation characteristic of the large phased array antenna with the frequency selection antenna housing in any scale can be solved theoretically, the requirement on hardware computing resources is low, and the traditional method can only analyze the radiation characteristic of the phased array antenna with the frequency selection antenna housing in hundreds of array element scales.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an array antenna subarray and a frequency selective antenna cover structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the radiation characteristics of the array element under the influence of the array antenna and the frequency selection structure according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the radiation characteristic of the large phased array antenna array element with the frequency selective radome according to the embodiment of the invention, which is excited in the same amplitude and phase;
fig. 4 is a schematic radiation characteristic diagram of excitation of a large phased array antenna element with a frequency selective antenna cover with an equal amplitude difference of 100 degrees according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
A method for analyzing radiation characteristics of a large phased array antenna with a frequency selection antenna cover comprises the following steps:
(1) phased array antenna subarray scale selection with frequency selective radome
The near field of the phased array antenna acts on the frequency selection antenna housing, new surface current is excited on the surface of the frequency selection antenna housing, and then radiation is conducted to form a phased array antenna radiation directional diagram. Thus, the integrated radiation characteristics of the phased array antenna and the frequency selective radome are a result of the interaction of the two. The phased array antenna is formed by periodically arranging antenna array elements, the frequency selection antenna housing is also formed by periodically arranging frequency selection antenna elements, the antenna array elements and the frequency selection antenna housing both belong to passive structures, and the radiation characteristic of the antenna array elements is only influenced by structures in the surrounding limited size. Therefore, when the radiation characteristic of the phased array element with the frequency selection antenna housing is calculated, a subarray decomposition method can be adopted, for the selection of the phased array antenna subarray, the influence of the array element which is generally only influenced by structures in the range of two surrounding array elements is considered, the influence of a farther structure can be ignored, and therefore the size of a 2 lambda multiplied by 2 lambda subarray with the array element as the center is selected; for the selection of the frequency selection antenna housing subarray, a certain distance exists between the frequency selection antenna housing subarray and the phased array antenna array element, so that a frequency selection structure with the size of 4 lambda multiplied by 4 lambda, which is used for projecting the array element to the position of the frequency selection antenna housing as the center, is selected.
(2) Subarray radiation characteristic analysis
And (3) carrying out integrated analysis on the frequency selection antenna housing structure with the size of 4 lambda multiplied by 4 lambda and the 2 lambda multiplied by 2 lambda phased array antenna subarray by adopting a finite element method to obtain the radiation characteristic of the subarray array element. The finite element method adopts a tetrahedral mesh to flexibly process a complex target consisting of any medium, disperses a calculation object into sub-domains, expresses an unknown function in the sub-domains by an interpolation function containing an unknown coefficient, obtains a matrix equation by a variational principle, and solves to obtain a numerical solution of an original problem, so that the finite element method can accurately calculate the radiation characteristic of the subarray elements.
In order to facilitate the superposition of the radiation characteristics of the array elements, a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system is used for representing the far-field radiation characteristics of the array elements, and for the far-field radiation characteristics of the array elements excited by unit power, the position vector of an observation point is
Is the unit vector of the viewpoint direction. To pair
The observation point of the direction is that,
the radiation characteristic of the array element is obtained by analyzing the radiation characteristic of the array element by a finite element method.
Where A is a scaling factor associated with the form of the array element, theta and
to observe the spherical coordinate components of the dots relative to the array elements, fx、fyAnd fzIs composed of
Are the components of the array element far-field radiation pattern in the X, Y and Z directions, respectively, which are complex numbers containing amplitude and phase information.
(3) Vector synthesis based on excitation amplitude and phase of each subarray
Generally, the phased array antenna adopts equal-amplitude excitation, that is, the amplitude of the excitation signal of each array element is the same, so that after the total radiation power of the phased array antenna is determined, the amplitude of the excitation signal of each array element of the phased array antenna is determined. The excitation phase of the phased array antenna array element has a certain relation with the radiation beam direction of the phased array antenna, the array element of the phased array antenna is supposed to be distributed on the XY surface of the rectangular coordinate system, the array center of the phased array antenna is positioned at the origin of the XY surface, and the radiation beam direction of the phased array antenna is
The unit vector corresponding to the direction is
Phased array antennaExcitation phase delta of ith array element of lineiPointing to a radiation beam
The relationship of (a) to (b) is as follows:
in the formula
The radial of the ith array element position.
The excitation phase delta of the ith array element of the phased array antenna can be obtained by bringing the formula (6) into the formula (7)iPointing to a radiation beam
The relationship is as follows:
after considering the excitation amplitude and phase information of the phased array antenna array element, the radiation characteristic of the ith array element at X, Y and the component in the Z direction can be expressed as:
where P is the amplitude of the excitation signal of the array element, fx、fyAnd fzThe antenna array element radiation characteristic of coupling influence between the frequency selection antenna cover and the phased array antenna array element is considered.
The radiation characteristic of the phased array antenna with the frequency selective antenna cover can be obtained by the vector superposition of the radiation characteristics of the array elements, and the radiation characteristic can be expressed as follows:
wherein N is the number of elements of the phased array antenna.
Calculating the radiation characteristic of a large phased-array antenna with a frequency selection antenna housing according to the steps, wherein the phased-array antenna is provided with 3600 array elements, broadband printing symmetrical arrays are selected for the array elements, the frequency selection antenna housing is provided with 4096 units, and a Y-shaped structure is selected for the frequency selection array elements. Fig. 1 is an exploded array antenna subarray and frequency selective antenna mask structure; wherein, (a) is a top view, (b) is a bottom view, and (c) is a side view; fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating the radiation characteristics of the extracted array elements under the influence of a frequency selective antenna cover by integrally simulating the array antenna subarray and the frequency selective structure in fig. 1; wherein, the amplitudes and phases of the X component, the Y component and the Z component of the array element radiation characteristic are shown in FIG. 2(a), FIG. 2(b) and FIG. 2(c), respectively; fig. 3 shows the radiation characteristic of the large phased array antenna with the frequency selective radome (the maximum radiation direction is 0 °) of the array element of the large phased array antenna with the frequency selective radome with the equal-amplitude and the same-phase excitation; fig. 4 shows the radiation characteristic (maximum radiation direction-30.7 °) of the excitation with the equal amplitude difference of 100 ° of the antenna elements of the large phased array antenna with the frequency selective radome.
The invention solves the difficult problem of the radiation characteristic of the large phased array antenna with the frequency selection antenna housing, and converts the difficult problem into a plurality of sub-array radiation characteristic problems which are easy to solve; the problem of the radiation characteristic of the subarray is solved by a full wave solving method, so that the calculation precision is high; and finally, carrying out vector synthesis on the radiation characteristics of each subarray to obtain the radiation characteristics of the large phased array antenna with the frequency selection antenna cover.
It will be understood that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled in the art in light of the above teachings and all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. A method for analyzing radiation characteristics of a large phased array antenna with a frequency selection antenna cover is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) determining phased array antenna subarray scale with frequency selective radome
When the radiation characteristic of a phased array element with a frequency selection antenna housing is calculated, for a phased array antenna subarray, the size of a 2 lambda multiplied by 2 lambda subarray with the array element as the center is selected, and for a frequency selection antenna housing subarray, a frequency selection structure with the size of 4 lambda multiplied by 4 lambda with the array element projected to the position of the frequency selection antenna housing as the center is selected;
wherein λ is the vacuum wavelength of the electromagnetic wave;
2) analyzing radiation characteristics of the subarrays
Adopting a finite element method to carry out integrated analysis on a frequency selection antenna cover structure with the size of 4 lambda multiplied by 4 lambda and a 2 lambda multiplied by 2 lambda phased array antenna subarray to obtain the radiation characteristic of the subarray array element;
3) vector synthesis is carried out according to the excitation amplitude and the phase of each subarray, and the radiation characteristic of the phased array antenna with the frequency selection antenna housing is obtained;
the array elements of the phased array antenna are distributed on the XY surface of the rectangular coordinate system, and the array of the phased array antennaThe center of the phased array antenna is positioned at the origin of the XY plane, and the radiation beam of the phased array antenna is directed to
The unit vector corresponding to the direction is
Excitation phase delta of ith array element of phased array antennaiUnit vector corresponding to radiation beam pointing
The relationship of (a) to (b) is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the vector is the ith array element position;
The formula (6) is brought into the formula (7), so that the excitation phase delta of the ith array element of the phased array antennaiPointing to a radiation beam
The relationship is as follows:
after considering the excitation amplitude and phase information of the phased array antenna array element, the radiation characteristic of the ith array element is expressed as the following components in X, Y and the Z direction:
wherein, P is the amplitude of the exciting signal of the array element,
and
the components of the radiation characteristics of the array elements influenced by the coupling between the frequency selection antenna cover and the array elements of the phased array antenna in X, Y and Z directions are considered; a is a proportionality coefficient related to the form of array elements;
the radiation characteristic of the phased array antenna with the frequency selection antenna housing is obtained by superposing the radiation characteristic vectors of the array elements, and the radiation characteristic of the phased array antenna is expressed as follows:
wherein, N is the array element number of the phased array antenna.
2. The method for analyzing the radiation characteristics of the large phased array antenna with the frequency selective radome, according to claim 1, wherein the radiation characteristics of the array elements are analyzed by a finite element method in the step 2) to obtain the radiation characteristics of the sub-array elements, specifically as follows:
the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system is used for representing the far-field radiation characteristic of the array element, and for the far-field radiation characteristic of the array element excited by unit power, the position vector of the observation point is
Unit vector of observation point direction, pair
The observation point of the direction is that,
the far-field radiation characteristic is constant, and the radiation characteristic of the array element is obtained by analyzing the radiation characteristic of the array element through a finite element method;
where A is a proportionality coefficient related to the form of the array element, theta and
to observe the spherical coordinate components of the dots relative to the array elements,
for the vector of the far-field radiation characteristics of the array elements,
and
the far-field radiation characteristic of the array element is respectively X, Y and Z-direction components, and the far-field radiation component of the array element is complex and contains amplitude and phase information.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910478189.8A CN110534902B (en) | 2019-06-03 | 2019-06-03 | Large phased array antenna radiation characteristic analysis method with frequency selection antenna housing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910478189.8A CN110534902B (en) | 2019-06-03 | 2019-06-03 | Large phased array antenna radiation characteristic analysis method with frequency selection antenna housing |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110534902A CN110534902A (en) | 2019-12-03 |
| CN110534902B true CN110534902B (en) | 2021-09-14 |
Family
ID=68659448
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910478189.8A Active CN110534902B (en) | 2019-06-03 | 2019-06-03 | Large phased array antenna radiation characteristic analysis method with frequency selection antenna housing |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110534902B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111274725B (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2021-02-19 | 东南大学 | Method for analyzing electromagnetic performance of antenna housing under force load |
| CN112434454B (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2022-08-02 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | Array antenna embedded integrated design method based on angular reflection effect |
| CN114914694A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-08-16 | 西北核技术研究所 | High-power microwave phased-array antenna wave-beating radiation method and system |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102539940A (en) * | 2011-12-29 | 2012-07-04 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | Electromagnetic safety analysis method for near field of plane phased control array antenna |
| CN108539424A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-09-14 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | Dual band frequencies select composite material sandwich structure and its manufacturing method |
-
2019
- 2019-06-03 CN CN201910478189.8A patent/CN110534902B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102539940A (en) * | 2011-12-29 | 2012-07-04 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | Electromagnetic safety analysis method for near field of plane phased control array antenna |
| CN108539424A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-09-14 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | Dual band frequencies select composite material sandwich structure and its manufacturing method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 频选天线罩对阵列天线波束扫描特性影响分析;莫熠，等;《中国舰船研究》;20200430;第31-35页 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110534902A (en) | 2019-12-03 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN110534902B (en) | Large phased array antenna radiation characteristic analysis method with frequency selection antenna housing | |
| Huang et al. | Mutual coupling compensation in UCAs: Simulations and experiment | |
| Jeng | Near-field scattering by physical theory of diffraction and shooting and bouncing rays | |
| CN104036114B (en) | A kind of fast determination method of the hexagon active phase array antenna structure tolerance based on mechanical-electric coupling | |
| Yi et al. | 3D printed broadband transformation optics based all-dielectric microwave lenses | |
| CN109031226B (en) | Electromechanical coupling-based method for rapidly evaluating detection performance of active phased array radar | |
| CN104391183A (en) | Near-field-measurement-based rapid calculation method of antenna far-field region characteristic | |
| Song et al. | Performance of planar slotted waveguide arrays with surface distortion | |
| Yang et al. | Radiation pattern computation of pyramidal conformal antenna array with active-element pattern technique | |
| US8134494B1 (en) | Simulating the mutual performance of an antenna array coupled to an electrical drive circuit | |
| Zhang et al. | Application of the active element pattern method for calculation of the scattering pattern of large finite arrays | |
| CN108984880A (en) | Anamorphic array antenna electric performance fast-compensation method under dynamic load based on least square method | |
| CN109271735A (en) | Array pattern integrated approach based on the heuristic gravitation search algorithm of quantum | |
| Kellomäki | Analysis of circular polarization of cylindrically bent microstrip antennas | |
| Wei et al. | A design of vertical polarized conformal antenna and its array based on UAV structure | |
| CN116362043B (en) | CM-SBR-based analysis method and system for integrating multiple complex targets with background environment | |
| Gonzalez et al. | Generalised design method of broadband array antennas using curved geometry | |
| Yang et al. | Alternative method for obtaining antenna current Green’s function based on infinitesimal dipole modeling | |
| Kim et al. | DOA estimation utilizing directive elements on a conformal surface | |
| Gao et al. | Equivalent model built with limited information: Predicting installed performance of slotted waveguide antennas | |
| Horiki et al. | A self-calibration technique for a DOA array with near-zone scatterers | |
| CN113849962A (en) | Liquid crystal holographic phased array antenna beam synthesis method for correcting reference wave model | |
| Han et al. | Multi-field-coupled model and solution of active electronically scanned array antenna based on model reconstruction | |
| Zhao et al. | Hybrid alternate projection algorithm and its application for practical conformal array pattern synthesis | |
| Mao et al. | Electromagnetic Characteristics Analysis of Large Shipborne Array Antenna Based on Higher-Order MoM |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |