CN108266287A - 一种活塞环的耐磨涂层 - Google Patents

一种活塞环的耐磨涂层 Download PDF

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CN108266287A
CN108266287A CN201810066487.1A CN201810066487A CN108266287A CN 108266287 A CN108266287 A CN 108266287A CN 201810066487 A CN201810066487 A CN 201810066487A CN 108266287 A CN108266287 A CN 108266287A
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piston ring
wear
craln
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杨浩
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Anhui Hao Feng Industrial Co Ltd
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Anhui Hao Feng Industrial Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J9/00—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction
    • F16J9/26—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction characterised by the use of particular materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
    • C23C28/322—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer only coatings of metal elements only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
    • C23C28/345—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer
    • C23C28/3455—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer with a refractory ceramic layer, e.g. refractory metal oxide, ZrO2, rare earth oxides or a thermal barrier system comprising at least one refractory oxide layer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/04—Measures to avoid lubricant contaminating the pumped fluid
    • F04B39/041—Measures to avoid lubricant contaminating the pumped fluid sealing for a reciprocating rod
    • F04B39/042—Measures to avoid lubricant contaminating the pumped fluid sealing for a reciprocating rod sealing being provided on the piston

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种活塞环的耐磨涂层，由四层结构构成，内而外依次包括粘结层、主耐磨层、辅耐磨层和缓冲层；所述主耐磨层为CrAlN层和WS2层交替构成的CrAlN/WS2多层涂层，辅耐磨层为Cr层和CrO层交替构成的Cr/CrO多层涂层。本发明的优点在于：具有优异的力学、摩擦学和耐腐蚀性能，降低摩擦磨损对能量的消耗，改善燃油经济性和减少CO2的排放；其中，采用具有高硬度和低摩擦系数的CrAlN/WS2多层涂层作为主耐磨层，更进一步提高发动机工作的稳定性及使用寿命。

Description

一种活塞环的耐磨涂层
技术领域
本发明涉及耐磨涂层技术领域，尤其涉及一种活塞环的耐磨涂层。
背景技术
活塞环是内燃机或活塞式压缩机上的活塞的密封元件，例如。在内燃机中，活塞环密封相对于燃烧室的活塞头和汽缸壁之间的间隙。当活塞上下移动时，活塞环的外周面沿着气缸壁滑动，以恒定的弹性与其接触，并在同一时间，由于活塞的倾斜运动，活塞环在其活塞环槽中振荡，以使环的侧面交替地与活塞环槽的上部和下部的侧面接触。在每一情况下，摩擦体相对滑动，一定量的磨损不可避免地发生，这可能差不多主要取决于材料，如果部件未被润滑，这可能会导致划痕，最终损坏发动机。
对于制造承受重应力的内燃机部件来说，如活塞环，最常用的材质有铸铁和铸铁合金。活塞环，尤其是压缩环，其在高应力内燃发动机内，如四冲程和两冲程发动机内，不断遭到增加负载。这样的负载包括最高压缩压力，高的燃烧温度，活塞环上的润滑油膜的减少，所有这些都对功能性能，如耐磨性，耐擦伤性，微型焊接和耐腐蚀性能具有显著的影响。
高点火压力，低排放和燃油直喷呈现进一步加剧活塞环上的负载。其后果是损害活塞的材料和镀层。
为了进一步改善活塞环相对于气缸壁的滑动和磨损特性，它们的外周表面设有多种材料的涂层。
然而，目前的涂层还存在很多弊端，其耐磨性还远远不能满足未来发动机的要求，就耐磨损，抗擦伤而言，装设具有这种涂层的活塞环不是理想的。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足，提供了一种高效耐磨的活塞环的耐磨涂层。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：一种活塞环的耐磨涂层，由四层结构构成，内而外依次包括粘结层、主耐磨层、辅耐磨层和缓冲层；所述主耐磨层为CrAlN层和WS2层交替构成的CrAlN/WS2多层涂层，辅耐磨层为Cr层和CrO层交替构成的Cr/CrO多层涂层。
作为本发明的优选方式之一，所述CrAlN/WS2多层涂层的靠近粘结层的涂层为CrAlN层，最外层为WS2层。
作为本发明的优选方式之一，所述CrAlN/WS2多层涂层的厚度为5-10μm，其中，每一CrAlN层的厚度为10nm，每一WS2层的厚度为1-2.5nm。
作为本发明的优选方式之一，所述Cr/CrO多层涂层的靠近主耐磨层的涂层为Cr层，最外层为CrO层。
作为本发明的优选方式之一，所述Cr/CrO多层涂层的厚度为2.5-5μm，其中，每一Cr层的厚度为5nm，每一CrO层的厚度为0.5-1nm。
作为本发明的优选方式之一，所述粘结层涂覆于活塞环基体外表面，为过渡金属Cr层。
作为本发明的优选方式之一，所述过渡金属Cr层的厚度为1-2μm。
作为本发明的优选方式之一，所述缓冲层涂覆于辅耐磨层外表面，为铜层。
作为本发明的优选方式之一，所述铜层的厚度为2-5μm。
本发明相比现有技术的优点在于：本发明的涂层具有优异的力学、摩擦学和耐腐蚀性能，降低摩擦磨损对能量的消耗，改善燃油经济性和减少CO2的排放；其中，更是采用具有高硬度和低摩擦系数的CrAlN/WS2多层涂层作为主耐磨层，进一步提高发动机工作的稳定性及使用寿命。
附图说明
图1是实施例1中的活塞环的耐磨涂层的结构示意图。
图中：1为粘结层，2为主耐磨层，3为辅耐磨层，4为缓冲层，5为活塞环基体。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的实施例作详细说明，本实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施，给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程，但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。
实施例1
如图1所示，本实施例的一种活塞环的耐磨涂层，由四层结构构成，内而外依次包括粘结层1、主耐磨层2、辅耐磨层3和缓冲层4。其中，粘结层1涂覆于活塞环基体5外表面，为过渡金属Cr层，厚度为1-2μm；主耐磨层2涂覆于粘结层1外表面，为CrAlN/WS2多层涂层，厚度为5-10μm；辅耐磨层3涂覆于主耐磨层2外表面，为Cr/CrO多层涂层，厚度为2.5-5μm；缓冲层4涂覆于辅耐磨层3外表面，为铜层，厚度为2-5μm。
进一步地，主耐磨层2为CrAlN层和WS2层交替构成的CrAlN/WS2多层涂层，其靠近粘结层1的涂层为CrAlN层，最外层为WS2层；每一CrAlN层的厚度为10nm，每一WS2层的厚度为1-2.5nm。
进一步地，辅耐磨层3为Cr层和CrO层交替构成的Cr/CrO多层涂层，其靠近主耐磨层2的涂层为Cr层，最外层为CrO层；每一Cr层的厚度为5nm，每一CrO层的厚度为0.5-1nm。
本实施例的活塞环的耐磨涂层的优点在于：具有优异的力学、摩擦学和耐腐蚀性能，降低摩擦磨损对能量的消耗，改善燃油经济性和减少CO2的排放；其中，更是采用具有高硬度和低摩擦系数的CrAlN/WS2多层涂层作为主耐磨层2，进一步提高发动机工作的稳定性及使用寿命。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

1.一种活塞环的耐磨涂层，其特征在于，由四层结构构成，内而外依次包括粘结层、主耐磨层、辅耐磨层和缓冲层；所述主耐磨层为CrAlN层和WS2层交替构成的CrAlN/WS2多层涂层，辅耐磨层为Cr层和CrO层交替构成的Cr/CrO多层涂层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的活塞环的耐磨涂层，其特征在于，所述CrAlN/WS2多层涂层的靠近粘结层的涂层为CrAlN层，最外层为WS2层。
3.根据权利要求1所述的活塞环的耐磨涂层，其特征在于，所述CrAlN/WS2多层涂层的厚度为5-10μm，其中，每一CrAlN层的厚度为10nm，每一WS2层的厚度为1-2.5nm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的活塞环的耐磨涂层，其特征在于，所述Cr/CrO多层涂层的靠近主耐磨层的涂层为Cr层，最外层为CrO层。
5.根据权利要求1所述的活塞环的耐磨涂层，其特征在于，所述Cr/CrO多层涂层的厚度为2.5-5μm，其中，每一Cr层的厚度为5nm，每一CrO层的厚度为0.5-1nm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的活塞环的耐磨涂层，其特征在于，所述粘结层涂覆于活塞环基体外表面，为过渡金属Cr层。
7.根据权利要求6所述的活塞环的耐磨涂层，其特征在于，所述过渡金属Cr层的厚度为1-2μm。
8.根据权利要求1所述的活塞环的耐磨涂层，其特征在于，所述缓冲层涂覆于辅耐磨层外表面，为铜层。
9.根据权利要求8所述的活塞环的耐磨涂层，其特征在于，所述铜层的厚度为2-5μm。
CN201810066487.1A 2018-01-24 2018-01-24 一种活塞环的耐磨涂层 Pending CN108266287A (zh)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102418620A (zh) * 2011-12-22 2012-04-18 江铃汽车股份有限公司 一种pvd铬基陶瓷复合镀层的活塞环
CN103573462A (zh) * 2012-07-25 2014-02-12 常州南车柴油机零部件有限公司 活塞环
CN104603317A (zh) * 2012-09-14 2015-05-06 联邦摩高布尔沙伊德公司 用于活塞环的耐磨涂层
CN105728274A (zh) * 2014-12-10 2016-07-06 常州南车柴油机零部件有限公司 一种活塞环填充涂层填充装置
CN206346839U (zh) * 2016-12-29 2017-07-21 比尔安达(上海)润滑材料有限公司 涂覆高硬度低摩擦系数涂层的活塞环

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102418620A (zh) * 2011-12-22 2012-04-18 江铃汽车股份有限公司 一种pvd铬基陶瓷复合镀层的活塞环
CN103573462A (zh) * 2012-07-25 2014-02-12 常州南车柴油机零部件有限公司 活塞环
CN104603317A (zh) * 2012-09-14 2015-05-06 联邦摩高布尔沙伊德公司 用于活塞环的耐磨涂层
CN105728274A (zh) * 2014-12-10 2016-07-06 常州南车柴油机零部件有限公司 一种活塞环填充涂层填充装置
CN206346839U (zh) * 2016-12-29 2017-07-21 比尔安达(上海)润滑材料有限公司 涂覆高硬度低摩擦系数涂层的活塞环

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Application publication date: 20180710