CN1082614A - Smelting furnace by open caisson - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of smelting furnace by open caisson is made up of body of heater, combustion chamber and waste-heat recovery device.Its special character is this body of heater lining-less, but replace with the ore prefabricated section, discoid prefabricated section is sent in the stove by opening for feed, the folded mutually furnace lining that forms along wall of piece piece, along with high pressure sprays into the burning of coal dust, form the furnace high-temperature band, make the ore furnace lining begin fusing from bottom, and, form the production process of continuous smelting because of the action of gravity block-by-block sinks.The heat that this smelting furnace produces is almost all absorbed by furnace charge, to the environment heat radiation seldom, so cut down the consumption of energy, also needn't change furnace lining, saves many because of repairing, change the trouble and the expense of furnace lining.

Description

Smelting furnace by open caisson

The present invention relates to the ore melting appartus.

Traditional iron manufacturing process carries out in blast furnace, it all has higher requirement to ore, fuel, refractory materials etc., ore must carry out the ore dressing sintering earlier, fuel is generally used coke, refractory materials needs the high temperature of 1700 ℃ of abilities, therefore when building blast furnace, must design ore dressing sintering, coking, refractory factory is supporting with it.Refractory materials particularly, because the fusing point of ore is very high, fire box temperature up to 1700 ℃ about, therefore must there be refractory liner the furnace wall, be called for short furnace lining, this furnace lining is easy to damage under high temperature gas flow impacts, in order to change furnace lining, often needing stops production repairs replacing, makes production unit increase many repair expense and spare part expense.

The objective of the invention is to overcome the existing in prior technology defective and provide a kind of and needn't change furnace lining replaces furnace lining with the ore prefabricated section smelting furnace by open caisson.

Smelting furnace by open caisson of the present invention is achieved by the following scheme: it comprises body of heater and combustion chamber, and there is opening for feed body of heater top, and furnace lining is arranged in the body of heater, and this furnace lining is that the ore prefabricated section of folded mutually by continuous interpolation, piece piece, that block-by-block sinks furnace charge system forms.There are slag notch, liquid outlet in the combustion chamber, and the spout that communicates with body of heater is located at by the fuel hopper of combustion chamber.The top of body of heater also can be provided with waste-heat recovery device.The combustion chamber also is provided with vision slit, air inlet duct and ventilation hole.

The present invention compares with known technology, it replaces furnace lining with furnace charge, therefore the heat that produces in the stove is almost all absorbed by furnace charge, to the environment heat radiation seldom, because material is heated evenly, the stream characteristic of stock can be stablized, just improve the quality of products, reduced energy consumption, also needn't change furnace lining, saved many because of repairing, the replacing trouble that furnace lining brought and spending quite a lot.

Accompanying drawing 1 provides structural representation of the present invention.

Describe in further detail at remaking below the embodiment of accompanying drawing 1.

From accompanying drawing 1 as can be known, smelting furnace by open caisson of the present invention is made up of body of heater, combustion chamber and waste-heat recovery device.

The furnace shell that body of heater is made by the straight cylinder steel plate (2), internal protecting wall (5), be fixed on heating panel (4) on the internal protecting wall, pre-hot air passage (3) is formed.The effect of heating panel (4) is the heat that internal protecting wall (5) is distributed is reclaimed again.Strengthen furnace wall intensity simultaneously.There is not fixedly furnace lining in the body of heater, the ore prefabricated section that the furnace charge that this furnace lining (15) is sent into from platform opening for feed (16)-a kind of continuous interpolation, piece piece are folded mutually, block-by-block sinks replaces, this prefabricated section is one to have the discoid in addition part of endoporus, its outer shape and internal protecting wall (5) match, and size is less than the internal protecting wall internal diameter.Prefabricated section is prepared burden according to the different ore of melting, words as iron ore, the ore prefabricated section is that main raw material is equipped with Calucium Silicate powder, whipping agent, the repressed curing drying of coal dust and forms with the iron ore fragment just, and the purpose of blending whipping agent is to form numerous holes, increases and the CO contact area.The spout (7) that communicates with the pre-hot air passage of body of heater (3) is located at fuel hopper (6) side of combustion chamber.

The combustion chamber is located at the body of heater below; comprise furnace shell (2), internal protecting wall (5), flame retardant coating (12) and cold water jacket (10); its effect is a protection furnace shell (2); the both sides, below of combustion chamber have slag notch (11) and liquid outlet (9); because the proportion of molten iron is greater than scum; so the scum come-up is removed from slag notch (11), molten iron flows out from liquid outlet (9).Coal dust adds from fuel hopper (6), is sprayed in the burner hearth internal combustion by spout (7), and flame flings ore prefabricated section endoporus, and begins its fusing.The combustion chamber also is provided with the uniform some ventilation holes (13) of vision slit (14), air inlet duct (8) and perisporium.In order to reach better melting effect, must guarantee certain high fire box temperature, when temperature does not reach preset value in the stove, can in the combustion chamber, add coke again, coke adds from furnace lining (15) endoporus, air blast is combustion-supporting, and therefore the other branch again of spout (7) that adds at coal dust goes out air inlet duct (8), the wind direct sending combustion chamber that gas blower is produced.By vision slit (14) but peeping room internal combustion situation, the ventilation hole of perisporium (13) decide on whole device size, the present invention is provided with 6, it is beneficial to the combustion chamber air inerchange, the raising combustion efficacy.

The top of body of heater is provided with waste-heat recovery device, and its effect is a heat recuperation, i.e. the CO of combustion chamber generation ₂Waste gas alternately forms hot blast through cold wind, and this hot blast sprays into the combustion chamber through pre-hot air passage (3) by spout (7), and the energy has been saved in the burning of accelerate combustion chamber.Waste-heat recovery device comprises the furnace shell identical with furnace binding (2), internal protecting wall (5), heating panel (4) and pre-hot air passage (3), communicates with hot air passage (3) in advance by the cold wind mouth (1) in the external world, and last top is provided with anti-canopy (17).

Will be in advance during melting the discoid ore prefabricated section of ready-formed send in the stove through platform opening for feed (16), the piece piece is folded mutually, formation replaces the fixedly furnace lining of refractory materials system along the furnace lining (15) of wall layer, and the combustion chamber sprays into coal dust firing by high pressure and forms thermal zone in the stove, make the fusing of ore prefabricated section, along with the fusing of bottom furnace lining, because of making the upper strata prefabricated section, action of gravity sinks to replenishing bottom naturally, continuous so reinforced, constantly fusing, form continuous production, finish the melting of ore.

Claims (4)

1, a kind of smelting furnace by open caisson, comprise body of heater and combustion chamber, there is opening for feed (16) the body of heater top, in furnace lining (15) is arranged, there are slag notch (11) and liquid outlet (9) in the combustion chamber, the spout that communicates with body of heater (7) is located at fuel hopper (6) side of combustion chamber, it is characterized in that described furnace lining (15) is that the ore prefabricated section folded mutually by continuous interpolation, piece piece, that block-by-block sinks forms.

2, smelting furnace by open caisson as claimed in claim 1, the ore prefabricated section that it is characterized in that furnace lining (15) are in addition parts of a plate-like with endoporus, and its outer shape and body of heater internal protecting wall (5) match, and size is less than internal protecting wall (5) internal diameter.

3, smelting furnace by open caisson as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the combustion chamber also is provided with the uniform ventilation hole (13) of vision slit (14), air inlet duct (8) and perisporium.

4, smelting furnace by open caisson as claimed in claim 1 or 2, the top that it is characterized in that body of heater are provided with identical with furnace binding and have the waste-heat recovery device of cold wind mouth (1) and anti-canopy (17).

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