CN108254859B - Catadioptric optical system and imaging apparatus - Google Patents
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- CN108254859B CN108254859B CN201711216036.3A CN201711216036A CN108254859B CN 108254859 B CN108254859 B CN 108254859B CN 201711216036 A CN201711216036 A CN 201711216036A CN 108254859 B CN108254859 B CN 108254859B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
- G02B13/0055—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras employing a special optical element
- G02B13/0065—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras employing a special optical element having a beam-folding prism or mirror
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
- G02B13/0015—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design
- G02B13/002—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface
- G02B13/003—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface having two lenses
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
- G02B17/08—Catadioptric systems
- G02B17/0804—Catadioptric systems using two curved mirrors
- G02B17/0808—Catadioptric systems using two curved mirrors on-axis systems with at least one of the mirrors having a central aperture
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
- G02B17/08—Catadioptric systems
- G02B17/0856—Catadioptric systems comprising a refractive element with a reflective surface, the reflection taking place inside the element, e.g. Mangin mirrors
- G02B17/086—Catadioptric systems comprising a refractive element with a reflective surface, the reflection taking place inside the element, e.g. Mangin mirrors wherein the system is made of a single block of optical material, e.g. solid catadioptric systems
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Abstract
The invention provides a catadioptric optical system and an imaging apparatus. A thin catadioptric optical system having a long focal length, a predetermined imaging performance, brightness, and a small low back coefficient is provided. A catadioptric optical system is a coaxial double catadioptric optical system, and includes a first lens and a second lens arranged with an air gap from an object side, wherein a first refractive surface is formed in a peripheral region of a surface of the first lens on the object side, a second refractive surface is formed in a central region of the surface of the first lens on the object side, the first refractive surface is formed in a peripheral region of a surface of the second lens on the image side, and the second refractive surface is formed in a central region of the surface of the second lens on the image side.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a catadioptric optical system and an imaging apparatus, and more particularly to a thin catadioptric optical system that is bright and thin in an optical axis direction and that can be suitably mounted on an imaging apparatus such as a mobile phone, a mobile device, a robot, or a vehicle-mounted device, and an imaging apparatus having the catadioptric optical system mounted thereon.
Background
Conventionally, in order to reduce the amount of projection of an imaging system of a mobile phone from its approximate thickness, etc., a thin catadioptric optical system that is thin in the optical axis direction, that is, short in the "total lens length" that indicates the distance on the optical axis from the first surface of the lens on the object side to the imaging position, is desired in the field of various devices.
As a conventional thin catadioptric optical system, as shown in fig. 14, there has been proposed an optical system having a one-piece lens structure in which a first imaging lens 11 has an object-side surface 11a including a first central portion 21 and a peripheral portion 22 and an image-side surface 11b including a second central portion 23 and a peripheral portion 24, transmits light from an object incident on the first peripheral portion 22 to the inside, causes internal surface reflection at the second peripheral portion 24, causes internal surface reflection at the first central portion 21, and emits the light to the outside through the second central portion 23. 15 denotes a seal glass (seal glass), and 14a denotes a light-receiving surface. (see, for example, patent document 1)
As another conventional thin catadioptric optical system, as shown in fig. 15, there has been proposed an optical system having a two-piece lens structure in which a first lens L1 having positive (+) refractive power and a second lens L2 having negative (-) refractive power are arranged in this order, the object side of the first lens includes a second reflection surface S3 formed around the optical axis and a first transmission surface S1 formed around the second reflection surface S3, the image side of the first lens includes a second transmission surface S4 formed around the optical axis and a first reflection surface S2 formed around the second transmission surface S4, and the first transmission surface S1 is a concave curved surface perpendicular to the optical axis. And 5, an image sensor. (see, for example, patent document 2)
As a coefficient indicating the optical performance of the thin catadioptric optical system, a low back (low profile) coefficient shown below is used.
Low back coefficient-the total lens length/effective imaging circle diameter (twice the maximum image height)
Here, the total lens length refers to a distance from the object side first surface to the imaging position.
The low back coefficient and the focal length of each of the embodiments of patent documents 1 and 2 are as follows.
A camera function built in a small digital camera or a mobile phone has a function called digital zoom for electronically magnifying a captured image. This digital zoom lens is a function that can make it unnecessary to physically move a member like an optical zoom lens, but if an image is excessively enlarged, it causes a decrease in image quality. Due to this degradation of image quality, there is a limit to the range that can be enlarged by digital zooming.
On the other hand, it is a real situation that it is very difficult to form an optical zoom lens having a desired zoom ratio into a desired total lens length. Therefore, a so-called "analog zoom lens" that can be used as one optical zoom lens by combining two or more types of digital zoom imaging systems is actually used, and the imaging magnification cannot be changed by one optical lens system. That is, in the analog zoom lens, an imaging optical system of a single focus lens having a short focal length and a wide-angle imaging system of the first imaging element are combined with an imaging optical system of a single focus lens having a long focal length and a telephoto imaging system of the second imaging element.
A wide-angle camera system is used and supports a shorter zoom focal length region by its digital zoom action. A telephoto camera system is used and supports a longer zoom focal length region by its digital zoom action. The two digital zoom focal length regions are continuously connected to each other, thereby constituting an imaging system that is a single zoom lens.
Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 2004-85725
Patent document 2: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 2016-114939
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
Conventionally, the operational effect of a telephoto lens, which is an imaging optical system having a long focal length, cannot sufficiently meet the demand for forming a thin catadioptric optical system that is bright and has a small low back coefficient. Further, in the thin catadioptric optical system, there is a limit in the focal length that can be industrially realized due to the limitation of the "thin" type as shown in the above table. In addition to the general demand for a longer focal length for a telephoto lens, a thin catadioptric optical system having a longer focal length than that of the conventional one is demanded in the field of the above-described analog zoom lens for the following reasons.
With regard to the analog zoom lens currently manufactured and sold, for example, the focal length of the imaging optical system of the short focal length single focus lens is 28mm (35mm film equivalent), and the focal length of the imaging optical system of the long focal length single focus lens is 50mm (35mm film equivalent). On the other hand, digital zooming can achieve a digital zoom magnification of 5 times in a range where performance such as sharpness of an image is acceptable to consumers. Thus, in the example, the imaging optical system of the short focal length single focus lens is capable of digital zooming in a range of a focal length of 28mm to 140mm (35mm film equivalent). On the other hand, in an imaging optical system of a single focus lens having a long focal length, the focal length is 50mm (35mm film equivalent), and digital zooming can be performed in a range of 50mm to 250mm (35mm film equivalent). In such an analog zoom lens, 50mm to 140mm overlap in two digital zoom regions, and there is a portion which is not useful in an optical structure.
On the other hand, in the comparison document 1, there is an optical system of the following structure and similar to the analog zoom: the lens of the catadioptric optical system is used as a telephoto-side imaging system, a general lens system not including a reflection surface is used as a wide-angle-side imaging lens, and the two imaging lens systems are held by a rotatable lens holding portion, thereby selectively using the imaging lens. However, the equivalent focal length of a telephoto-side imaging system using the catadioptric optical system provided in reference 1 is as long as 210mm, which is beyond the range in which a wide-angle-side imaging system can perform digital zooming, and thus these telephoto-side imaging system and wide-angle-side imaging system cannot be combined with good image quality. Further, since the low back coefficient is as large as about 1.77, it is difficult to obtain an image of a size that is easy to observe and has good image quality because it is used in a small screen size to be accommodated in a thin housing.
(purpose of the invention)
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and an object thereof is to provide a catadioptric optical system having a long focal length, which has a predetermined imaging performance, is bright, and has a small low back coefficient.
Means for solving the problems
In order to solve the above-described problems, a first aspect of the present invention is a catadioptric optical system including a first lens and a second lens arranged on an image side of the first lens with an air gap therebetween,
a peripheral region of a surface of the first lens on the object side is a first refractive surface, a second reflective surface is formed in a central region of the surface of the first lens on the object side,
a central region of the image-forming-side surface of the second lens is a second refractive surface, a first reflecting surface is formed in a peripheral region of the image-forming-side surface of the second lens,
the catadioptric optical system satisfies the following conditional expression (1).
Hm2/Hm1≤0.65···········(1)
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
hm2 is the effective diameter of the second reflective surface,
hm1 is the effective diameter of the first reflective surface.
A second aspect of the present invention is an imaging apparatus including: the catadioptric optical system of the first invention; and an imaging element arranged at an imaging position of the catadioptric optical system.
ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION
According to the catadioptric optical system of the first aspect of the present invention, it is possible to configure a catadioptric optical system having a long focal length, which has a predetermined imaging performance, is bright, and has a small low back coefficient.
According to the imaging device of the second aspect of the invention, a small and thin imaging device having excellent imaging performance can be configured, the imaging device including a bright, long-focal-length catadioptric optical system having a small low back coefficient.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an optical cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of a catadioptric optical system of the first invention.
Fig. 2 is a spherical aberration diagram of the catadioptric optical system according to the first embodiment of the first invention.
Fig. 3 is an optical cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the catadioptric optical system of the first invention.
Fig. 4 is a spherical aberration diagram of a second embodiment of the catadioptric optical system of the first invention.
Fig. 5 is an optical cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of the catadioptric optical system of the first invention.
Fig. 6 is a spherical aberration diagram of a third embodiment of the catadioptric optical system of the first invention.
Fig. 7 is an optical cross-sectional view of a fourth embodiment of the catadioptric optical system of the first invention.
Fig. 8 is a spherical aberration diagram of a fourth embodiment of the catadioptric optical system of the first invention.
Fig. 9 is an optical cross-sectional view of a fifth embodiment of the catadioptric optical system of the first invention.
Fig. 10 is a spherical aberration diagram of the fifth embodiment of the catadioptric optical system of the first invention.
Fig. 11 is a structural diagram of the first embodiment of the image pickup apparatus of the second invention.
Fig. 12 is a structural diagram of a second embodiment of the image pickup apparatus of the second invention.
Fig. 13 is a perspective view of a mobile phone mounted with a second embodiment of the image pickup device of the second invention.
Fig. 14 is an optical cross-sectional view of the photographing lens shown in patent document 1.
Fig. 15 is an optical cross-sectional view of the optical system shown in patent document 2.
Description of the reference numerals
L1: a first lens; l2: a second lens; c: a ghost-proof V-shaped groove; b: a ghost prevention panel; R1-R10: a refracting surface; m1: a first reflective surface; m2: a second reflective surface; h1: a first housing; h2: a second housing; 100: a first catadioptric optical system; 200: a second refractive optical system.
Detailed Description
The catadioptric optical system and the imaging apparatus including the same according to the present invention will be described below.
The catadioptric optical system of the first invention includes a first lens and a second lens arranged on an image side of the first lens with an air space therebetween,
a peripheral region of a surface of the first lens on the object side is a first refractive surface, a second reflective surface is formed in a central region of the surface of the first lens on the object side,
a central region of the image-forming-side surface of the second lens is a second refractive surface, a first reflecting surface is formed in a peripheral region of the image-forming-side surface of the second lens,
the catadioptric optical system satisfies the following conditional expression (1).
Hm2/Hm1≤0.65···········(1)
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
hm2 is the effective diameter of the second reflective surface,
hm1 is the effective diameter of the first reflective surface.
Here, the central region is a region near the center of the lens surface when the optical axis of the lens is set as the center, and the peripheral region is a region other than the central region of the lens surface and is located near the outer periphery of the lens surface. Hereinafter, a portion of each lens sandwiched between the center region of the surface on the object side and the center region of the surface on the image side is referred to as a lens center portion, and a portion of each lens sandwiched between the peripheral region of the surface on the object side and the peripheral region of the surface on the image side is referred to as a lens peripheral portion.
The catadioptric optical system according to the first aspect of the present invention is a lens system in which a plurality of refractive surfaces and reflective surfaces are integrated, and the respective surfaces are formed and polished to be coaxial, and the assembly is performed while maintaining the coaxial state of the formed and polished surfaces, whereby high processing accuracy and assembly accuracy can be obtained.
Further, by disposing the first lens and the second lens so as to provide an air space between the first lens and the second lens, 5 refractive surfaces and reflective surfaces, or 5 or more refractive surfaces and reflective surfaces can be provided between the first refractive surface and the first reflective surface. As a result, a plurality of aberration correction elements can be secured, and particularly, spherical aberration and coma aberration can be easily corrected, so that high resolution can be obtained. Further, by providing the air space, the height position of the light beam with respect to the optical axis, which is transmitted through the boundary between the refraction surface and the air space, can be reduced, which is preferable in reducing the diameter of the second reflection surface.
Further, a lens, a filter, or the like having refractive power may be disposed on the object side of the first lens, between the first lens and the second lens, or on the image forming surface side of the second lens.
In the catadioptric optical system according to the first aspect of the present invention, at least one of the first lens and the second lens may be a double cemented lens.
The conditional expression (1) is a conditional expression for specifying the light-shielding rate of the lens. Here, the lens shading rate is defined for one lens surface as
The lens shading rate (diameter of the shading portion of the lens surface/effective maximum outer diameter of the lens surface).
If the light blocking ratio is within the range of the conditional expression (1), the brightness of the lens can be increased while maintaining the lens light blocking ratio small. When the catadioptric optical system is mounted in a very small and thin space such as a mobile phone, diffraction has a greater influence on resolution than aberration generated by the refractive surface and the reflective surface because the first refractive surface, that is, the entrance pupil, is annular. Therefore, when the lens light-shielding rate exceeds the conditional expression (1) and becomes large, that is, when the width of the ring becomes small, image degradation due to the influence of diffraction occurs, and high resolution cannot be obtained.
When considering the balance between the outer diameter of the lens, the influence of diffraction, and the like when the catadioptric optical system is mounted on the imaging apparatus, the conditional expression (1) is more preferably set to
0.35≤Hm2/Hm1≤0.65···········(1’)。
In the conditional expression (1'), the upper limit value is preferably 0.60, and more preferably 0.55. The lower limit of conditional expression (1') is preferably 0.36.
By forming the first refractive surface and the second reflective surface on a single lens member, the molds of the first refractive surface and the second reflective surface can be cut at the same time, and the coaxial accuracy can be improved.
Further, it is preferable that the transmitted light of the first refractive surface, the reflected light of the first reflective surface, and the reflected light of the second reflective surface are configured to transmit through the surface on the image forming side of the first lens having a single curvature, whereby occurrence of one-sided blur due to decentering of each lens surface can be suppressed.
In the catadioptric optical system of the first invention, it is desirable that a surface on the image forming side of the first lens is a continuously curved surface. When the surface of the first lens element on the image forming side is made to be a continuous curved surface, a plurality of light fluxes can be caused to pass through the surface of the first lens element on the image forming side in an overlapping manner. This allows a thicker light beam to be refracted at a predetermined lens surface. In addition, when the surface on the image forming side of the first lens is a continuous curved surface, even if the light fluxes are eccentrically incident on the surface at the time of assembly, deterioration of an asymmetric image such as one-side blur can be suppressed to a minimum as compared with the case where the surface shape is not uniform.
Here, the continuous curved surface is a smooth and continuous surface, and preferably a surface satisfying at least one of a shape having the same radius of curvature and a shape having the same aspherical coefficient.
The catadioptric optical system of the first invention desirably satisfies the following conditional expression (2).
0.5≤|d/Y|≤4.5········(2)
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
d is the air equivalent spacing of the first reflective surface from the second reflective surface,
y is the maximum image height.
Here, the air equivalent distance between the first reflection surface and the second reflection surface is a value obtained by converting the distance on the optical axis between the first reflection surface and the second reflection surface into a clearance.
The conditional expression (2) is a conditional expression associated with low back coefficient and spherical aberration and coma aberration which affect the resolution. If the upper limit of the conditional expression (2) is exceeded, the air equivalent interval between the first reflection surface and the second reflection surface becomes large, and the low back coefficient becomes large, which is not preferable. If the lower limit of conditional expression (2) is exceeded, the low back coefficient is desirably decreased, but if the air equivalent interval between the first reflection surface and the second reflection surface is excessively decreased, the light beam incident from the first refraction surface is sharply bent before reaching the second reflection surface on the same plane, and therefore, large spherical aberration and coma aberration occur, and it is difficult to correct them.
From the viewpoint of obtaining these effects, the upper limit value of the conditional expression (2) is preferably 3.0, more preferably 2.5, and still more preferably 2.0. The lower limit of conditional expression (2) is preferably 0.6, more preferably 0.7, and still more preferably 0.8.
The catadioptric optical system of the first invention desirably satisfies the following conditional expression (3).
0.2≤(f12)/f≤0.6········(3)
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
f12 is the resultant focal length from the first refractive surface to the first reflective surface,
f is the focal length of the catadioptric optical system.
The conditional expression (3) is a conditional expression associated with the total lens length and the resolution, particularly spherical aberration and coma aberration. If the upper limit of the conditional expression (3) is exceeded, the total lens length becomes long, which is undesirable. When the lower limit of conditional expression (3) is exceeded, although the total lens length becomes short, it is desirable, but it is difficult to correct spherical aberration and coma aberration.
By satisfying the upper limit of the conditional expression (3), that is, by making the positive refractive power from the first refractive surface to the first reflective surface stronger, the light beam height can be reduced before the light beam incident on the first refractive surface enters the first reflective surface. The light reflected by the first reflecting surface passes through the same plane as the plane through which the light incident on the first refractive surface passes before reaching the first reflecting surface, thereby further reducing the height of the light and then entering the second reflecting surface. According to this case, it is possible to simultaneously achieve reduction of the effective diameter of the second reflecting surface, brightening of the catadioptric optical system, and reduction of the low back coefficient.
From the viewpoint of obtaining these effects, the upper limit value of conditional expression (3) is preferably 0.55, more preferably 0.5, and still more preferably 0.45. The lower limit of conditional expression (3) is preferably 0.25, and more preferably 0.3.
The catadioptric optical system of the first invention desirably satisfies the following conditional expression (4).
Vp1>Vp2····················(4)
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
vp1 is the Abbe number of the first lens,
vp2 is the Abbe number of the second lens.
Conditional expression (4) is an expression relating to materials of the first lens and the second lens, and indicates that the abbe number of the second lens is smaller than that of the first lens.
The refractive surfaces of the first lens have positive refractive power, and generate positive chromatic aberration. In addition, since the light rays pass through the refractive surface of the peripheral region of the second lens twice, chromatic aberrations cancel each other out. Therefore, chromatic aberration is hardly generated on the refractive surface in the peripheral region of the second lens. On the other hand, the central portion of the second lens has a negative refractive power, and therefore, negative chromatic aberration is generated.
Since the optical system of the present invention has a positive refractive power as a whole, the central portion of the second lens has a negative refractive power weaker than the positive refractive power of the first lens. Based on this situation, it is preferable that the second lens is corrected using a material having an abbe number smaller than that of the first lens so that chromatic aberrations generated at the respective portions cancel each other out.
The catadioptric optical system of the first invention desirably satisfies the following conditional expression (5).
f/fr2≤1.5····················(5)
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
f is the focal length of the catadioptric optical system,
fr2 is the focal length of the central part of the second lens.
Conditional expression (5) is an expression that specifies the ratio of the refractive power of the central portion of the second lens to the refractive power of the entire second lens. That is, since the refractive power is the reciprocal of the focal length, it is obtained by dividing the reciprocal of the focal length of the central region of the second lens (1/fr2) by the reciprocal of the focal length of the entire optical system (1/f).
The focal length of the central portion of the second lens means a composite focal length from a central region on the object side of the second lens to a central region on the image side of the second lens. The central portion of the second lens preferably has a negative refractive power or a weak positive refractive power. When the upper limit of the conditional expression (5) is exceeded, the positive refractive power becomes excessively strong, and therefore the action of folding up the light flux off the axis is weakened, so that the angle of view becomes narrow, and it is not suitable for an analog zoom lens.
In order to prevent deterioration of off-axis resolution due to inclination of the image plane, it is preferable that conditional expression (5) satisfies
-1.8≤f/fr2≤1.5·············(5’)。
The upper limit of conditional expression (5) is preferably 1.4, and more preferably 1.3. The lower limit of conditional formula (5) is preferably-1.7, more preferably-1.5.
The catadioptric optical system of the first invention desirably satisfies the following conditional expression (6).
0.8≤D/f≤1.5··············(6)
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
d is the total optical length of the catadioptric optical system,
f is the focal length of the catadioptric optical system.
Conditional expression (6) is an expression in which the telephoto ratio is defined. Here, the total optical length is the total of the intervals in the optical axis direction of all the elements that affect the optical characteristics, and in the catadioptric optical system, the total optical length is the distance from the first surface on the object side to the final surface on the imaging side when the optical axis after the surface to be reflected is turned is extended. If the lower limit of conditional expression (6) is exceeded, the refractive power of each constituent lens becomes stronger, so that aberration increases, and off-axis and on-axis resolutions deteriorate. The total lens length can be shortened even if the telephoto ratio is reduced. When the upper limit of the conditional expression (6) is exceeded, the total optical length becomes too long and the total lens length becomes long, resulting in no superiority in using a catadioptric lens as compared with a refractive lens.
From the viewpoint of obtaining these effects, the upper limit value of conditional expression (6) is preferably 1.4, more preferably 1.3, and still more preferably 1.1. The lower limit of conditional expression (6) is more preferably 0.9.
The catadioptric optical system of the first invention desirably satisfies the following conditional expression (7).
1.6≤TL/Y≤3.0·············(7)
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
TL is the total lens length of the catadioptric optical system,
y is the maximum image height.
The conditional expression (7) is a formula defined as a low back. If the upper limit of the conditional expression (7) is exceeded, the total lens length with respect to the maximum image height of the optical system becomes large, resulting in an increase in the size of the optical system. If the lower limit of conditional expression (7) is exceeded, the focal power of each surface needs to be increased, and large spherical aberration and coma aberration occur, making it difficult to correct them.
From the viewpoint of obtaining these effects, the upper limit value of conditional expression (7) is preferably 2.8, preferably 2.6, preferably 2.4, and more preferably 2.3. The lower limit of conditional expression (7) is preferably 1.8, more preferably 1.9, and still more preferably 2.0.
In the catadioptric optical system of the first invention, it is desirable that the first refractive surface changes from convex to concave as viewed from the object side as going from a portion close to the optical axis toward the periphery.
The catadioptric optical system according to the first invention can advantageously correct coma aberration and high-order spherical aberration by configuring the first refractive surface in this manner.
In the catadioptric optical system of the first invention, it is desirable that the first reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface are rear surface mirrors.
In the catadioptric optical system according to the first aspect of the present invention, the first reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface are rear surface mirrors, whereby dust can be prevented from adhering to the mirror surfaces, and the mirror surfaces can be effectively protected from damage. In addition, the surface effective for correction of spherical aberration and the like can be increased while ensuring a small low back coefficient.
An image pickup apparatus according to a second aspect of the present invention includes the catadioptric optical system according to the first aspect of the present invention and an image pickup device disposed at an image forming position of the catadioptric optical system.
The imaging device of the second aspect of the present invention thus configured can be configured as an imaging device including a thin catadioptric optical system that is bright, has a long focal length, and has a small low back coefficient.
When the catadioptric optical system of the first invention is used as one imaging optical system simulating a zoom lens, the imaging apparatus of the second invention can constitute an imaging apparatus which utilizes the effects of the catadioptric optical system of the first invention more effectively in brightness, having a small low back coefficient, and being a long focal length, and having high imaging performance.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the catadioptric optical system of the first invention and the image pickup apparatus of the second invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the tables representing the aspherical surface coefficients, the conic constant and the even-order aspherical surface coefficient are shown in the following expression for each example.
z＝ch2/[1+{1-(1+k)c2h2}1/2]+A4h4+A6h6+A8h8+A10h10···
(wherein c represents curvature (1/r), h represents height from optical axis, k represents conic coefficient, A4, A6, A8, A10. cndot. aspherical coefficients of respective orders)
In an optical cross-sectional view of the catadioptric optical system, first lens L1, second lens L2, refractive surface R1, refractive surface R2, refractive surface R3, refractive surface R4, refractive surface R5, refractive surface R6, refractive surface R7, refractive surface R8, refractive surface R9, refractive surface R10, first reflective surface M1, and second reflective surface M2 are shown.
In the aberration diagrams of the examples, the dotted line indicates spherical aberration at a wavelength of 656 nm. The solid line shows spherical aberration at a wavelength of 588 nm. The long dashed line represents spherical aberration at a wavelength of 546 nm. The middle dotted line represents spherical aberration at a wavelength of 486 nm. The short dashed line represents spherical aberration at a wavelength of 436 nm.
In the spherical aberration diagram, the "shielded light beam" means a light beam shielded by the second reflecting surface among light beams incident toward the first lens without interfering with the optical performance. On the other hand, the "effective beam" representing the beam passing through the optical system exhibits spherical aberration that interferes with the optical performance.
(first embodiment)
As shown in fig. 1, the catadioptric optical system of the first embodiment has a structure having a first lens L1 and a second lens L2.
The first lens L1 has a refractive surface R1 (first refractive surface) in a peripheral region of the object-side surface thereof, and a second reflective surface M2 in a central region of the object-side surface of the first lens L1. The first lens element L1 has a refractive surface R2 in a peripheral region of the image-side surface thereof, and the first lens element L1 has a refractive surface R5 and a refractive surface R6 in a central region of the image-side surface thereof.
The second lens L2 has a refractive surface R3 in the peripheral region of the object-side surface thereof, and a refractive surface R4 and a refractive surface R7 in the central region of the object-side surface thereof, i.e., the second lens L2. The first reflection surface M1 is provided in a peripheral region of the image-side surface of the second lens L2, and the refractive surface R8 (second refractive surface) is provided in a central region of the image-side surface of the second lens L2.
The second lens L2 has an anti-ghost plate B disposed between the refractive surface R4 and the refractive surface R7 of the object-side surface, and has an anti-ghost V groove C formed between the first reflective surface M1 and the refractive surface R8 of the imaging-side surface.
Spherical aberration of the catadioptric optical system of the first embodiment is shown in fig. 2.
Table 1 shows lens data of the catadioptric optical system of the first embodiment. Table 2 shows aspheric coefficients of the catadioptric optical system of the first embodiment.
[ Table 1]
| Noodle numbering | Curvature | Surface interval | Refractive index | Abbe number | Inner | Outer diameter | ||||
| 1 | First refractive surface | Aspherical surface | Refraction | 11.015 | 1.970 | 1.531 | 56.044 | 2.51 | 4.00 | |
| 2 | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -18.837 | 1.209 | ||||||
| 3 | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -17.689 | 1.000 | 1.614 | 25.575 | ||||
| 4 | First reflecting surface | Aspherical surface | Reflection | -20.377 | -1.000 | 1.614 | 25.575 | 2.20 | 4.00 | |
| 5 | Aperture | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -17.689 | -1.209 | |||||
| 6 | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -18.837 | -1.620 | 1.531 | 56.044 | ||||
| 7 | Second reflecting surface | Aspherical surface | Reflection | -12.908 | 1.620 | 1.531 | 56.044 | 1.88 | ||
| 8 | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -18.837 | 1.959 | ||||||
| 9 | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -2.464 | 0.750 | 1.614 | 25.575 | 1.90 | |||
| 10 | Second refraction surface | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -3.379 | 0.500 | 2.15 | ||||
| 11 | Cover glass | Spherical surface | Refraction | ∞ | 0.210 | 1.517 | 64.198 | |||
| 12 | Cover glass | Spherical surface | Refraction | ∞ |
[ Table 2]
(second embodiment)
As shown in fig. 3, the catadioptric optical system of the second embodiment has a structure having a first lens L1 and a second lens L2.
The first lens L1 has a refractive surface R1 (first refractive surface) in a peripheral region of the object-side surface thereof, and a second reflective surface M2 in a central region of the object-side surface of the first lens L1. The first lens element L1 has a refractive surface R2 in a peripheral region of the image-side surface thereof, and the first lens element L1 has a refractive surface R5 and a refractive surface R6 in a central region of the image-side surface thereof.
The second lens L2 has a refractive surface R3 in a peripheral region of the object-side surface thereof, and the second lens L2 has refractive surfaces R4 and R7 in a central region of the object-side surface thereof, and has a first reflection surface M1 in a peripheral region of the image-side surface of the second lens L2, and a refractive surface R8 (second refractive surface) in a central region of the image-side surface of the second lens L2.
The second lens L2 has an anti-ghost plate B disposed between the refractive surface R4 and the refractive surface R7 of the object-side surface, and has an anti-ghost V groove C formed between the first reflective surface M1 and the refractive surface R8 of the imaging-side surface.
Spherical aberration of the catadioptric optical system of the second embodiment is shown in fig. 4.
Lens data of the catadioptric optical system of the second embodiment is shown in table 3. Table 4 shows aspheric coefficients of the catadioptric optical system of the second embodiment.
[ Table 3]
| Noodle numbering | Curvature | Surface interval | Refractive index | Abbe number | Inner | Outer diameter | ||||
| 1 | First refractive surface | Aspherical surface | Refraction | 12.483 | 1.772 | 1.531 | 56.044 | 2.37 | 3.10 | |
| 2 | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -18.088 | 1.387 | ||||||
| 3 | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -14.100 | 1.000 | 1.614 | 25.575 | ||||
| 4 | First reflecting surface | Aspherical surface | Reflection | -18.201 | -1.000 | 1.614 | 25.575 | 2.10 | 3.10 | |
| 5 | Aperture | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -14.100 | -1.387 | |||||
| 6 | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -18.088 | -1.422 | 1.531 | 56.044 | ||||
| 7 | Second reflecting surface | Aspherical surface | Reflection | -13.150 | 1.422 | 1.531 | 56.044 | 1.60 | ||
| 8 | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -18.088 | 2.137 | ||||||
| 9 | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -2.321 | 0.750 | 1.614 | 25.575 | 1.82 | |||
| 10 | Second refraction surface | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -3.117 | 0.200 | 2.10 | ||||
| 11 | Cover glass | Spherical surface | Refraction | ∞ | 0.210 | 1.517 | 64.198 | 2.14 | ||
| 12 | Cover glass | Spherical surface | Refraction | ∞ |
[ Table 4]
(third embodiment)
As shown in fig. 5, the catadioptric optical system of the third embodiment has a structure having a first lens L1 and a second lens L2.
The first lens L1 has a refractive surface R1 (first refractive surface) in a peripheral region of the object-side surface thereof, and a second reflective surface M2 in a central region of the object-side surface of the first lens L1. The first lens element L1 has a refractive surface R2 in a peripheral region of the image-side surface thereof, and the first lens element L1 has a refractive surface R5 and a refractive surface R6 in a central region of the image-side surface thereof.
The second lens L2 has a refractive surface R3 in the peripheral region of the object-side surface thereof, and a refractive surface R4 and a refractive surface R7 in the central region of the object-side surface thereof, i.e., the second lens L2. The first reflection surface M1 is provided in a peripheral region of the image-side surface of the second lens L2, and the refractive surface R8 (second refractive surface) is provided in a central region of the image-side surface of the second lens L2.
The first lens L1 forms the ghost-proof V-groove C between the refractive surface R1 of the object-side surface and the second reflection surface M2. In addition, the second lens L2 has a ghost prevention panel B disposed between the refractive surface R4 and the refractive surface R7 of the object side surface.
Spherical aberration of the catadioptric optical system of the third embodiment is shown in fig. 6.
Lens data of the catadioptric optical system of the third embodiment is shown in table 5. In table 5, the surface number 8 is a virtual surface, and indicates the position and the outer diameter of the anti-ghosting plate B. Table 6 shows aspheric coefficients of the catadioptric optical system of the third embodiment.
[ Table 5]
| Noodle numbering | Curvature | Surface interval | Refractive index | Abbe number | Inner | Outer diameter | ||||
| 1 | First refractive surface | Aspherical surface | Refraction | 9.085 | 2.355 | 1.531 | 56.044 | 2.36 | 4.45 | |
| 2 | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -42.349 | 0.737 | ||||||
| 3 | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -12.865 | 1.000 | 1.614 | 25.575 | ||||
| 4 | First reflecting surface | Aspherical surface | Reflection | -14.537 | -1.000 | 1.614 | 25.575 | 2.30 | 4.40 | |
| 5 | Aperture | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -12.865 | -0.737 | |||||
| 6 | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -42.349 | -1.855 | 1.531 | 56.044 | ||||
| 7 | First reflecting surface | Aspherical surface | Reflection | -9.851 | 1.855 | 1.531 | 56.044 | 1.65 | ||
| 8 | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -42.349 | 0.250 | ||||||
| 9 | Spherical surface | ∞ | 1.007 | 1.75 | ||||||
| 10 | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -4.832 | 0.800 | 1.614 | 25.575 | 1.80 | |||
| 11 | Second refraction surface | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -10.182 | 0.500 | 2.14 | ||||
| 12 | Cover glass | Spherical surface | Refraction | ∞ | 0.210 | 1.517 | 64.198 | |||
| 13 | Cover glass | Spherical surface | Refraction | ∞ |
[ Table 6]
(fourth embodiment)
As shown in fig. 7, the catadioptric optical system of the fourth embodiment has a structure including a first lens L1, a second lens L2, and a third lens L3.
The first lens L1 has a refractive surface R1 (first refractive surface) in a peripheral region of the object-side surface thereof, and a second reflective surface M2 in a central region of the object-side surface of the first lens L1. The first lens element L1 has a refractive surface R2 in a peripheral region of the image-side surface thereof, and the first lens element L1 has a refractive surface R5 and a refractive surface R6 in a central region of the image-side surface thereof.
The second lens L2 has a refractive surface R3 in the peripheral region of the object-side surface thereof, and a refractive surface R9 in the central region of the object-side surface thereof, i.e., the second lens L2. The first reflection surface M1 is provided in a peripheral region of the image-side surface of the second lens L2, and the refractive surface R10 (second refractive surface) is provided in a central region of the image-side surface of the second lens L2.
The object-side surface of the third lens L3 has a refractive surface R7. The surface on the image forming side of the third lens L3 has a refractive surface R8.
The third lens L3 has an anti-ghost plate B disposed around it, and the anti-ghost plate B is disposed at a position between the refractive surfaces R4 and R9 of the object-side surface of the second lens L2.
Fig. 8 shows spherical aberration of the catadioptric optical system of the fourth embodiment.
Table 7 shows lens data of the catadioptric optical system of the fourth embodiment. Table 8 shows aspheric coefficients of the catadioptric optical system of the fourth embodiment.
[ Table 7]
| Noodle numbering | Curvature | Surface interval | Refractive index | Abbe number | Inner | Outer diameter | ||||
| 1 | First refractive surface | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -25.142 | 1.064 | 1.531 | 56.044 | 2.4 | 4.0 | |
| 2 | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -11.380 | 1.737 | ||||||
| 3 | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -11.279 | 0.900 | 1.614 | 25.575 | ||||
| 4 | First reflecting surface | Aspherical surface | Reflection | -12.110 | -0.900 | 1.614 | 25.575 | 2.4 | 4.5 | |
| 5 | Aperture | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -11.279 | -1.737 | |||||
| 6 | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -11.380 | -1.064 | 1.531 | 56.044 | ||||
| 7 | Second reflecting surface | Aspherical surface | Reflection | -8.478 | 1.064 | 1.531 | 56.044 | 1.9 | ||
| 8 | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -11.380 | 1.837 | ||||||
| 9 | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -2.772 | 0.800 | 1.614 | 25.575 | 1.8 | |||
| 10 | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -2.858 | 0.458 | 2.0 | |||||
| 11 | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -2.416 | 0.450 | 1.614 | 25.575 | 2.0 | |||
| 12 | Second refraction surface | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -4.417 | 0.300 | |||||
| 13 | Cover glass | Spherical surface | Refraction | ∞ | 0.210 | 1.517 | 64.198 | |||
| 14 | Cover glass | Spherical surface | Refraction | ∞ |
[ Table 8]
(fifth embodiment)
As shown in fig. 9, the catadioptric optical system of the fifth embodiment has a structure including a first lens L1, a second lens L2, and a fourth lens L4.
The first lens L1 has a refractive surface R1 (first refractive surface) in a peripheral region of the object-side surface thereof, and a second reflective surface M2 in a central region of the object-side surface of the first lens L1. The first lens element L1 has a refractive surface R2 in a peripheral region of the image-side surface thereof, and the first lens element L1 has a refractive surface R5 and a refractive surface R6 in a central region of the image-side surface thereof.
The second lens L2 has a refractive surface R3 in the peripheral region of the object-side surface thereof, and a refractive surface R4 and a refractive surface R7 in the central region of the object-side surface thereof, i.e., the second lens L2. The first reflection surface M1 is provided in a peripheral region of the image-side surface of the second lens L2, and the refractive surface R8 (second refractive surface) is provided in a central region of the image-side surface of the second lens L2.
The fourth lens L4 has a refractive surface R9 in the central region of the object-side surface. The surface on the image forming side of the fourth lens L4 has a refractive surface R10.
The first lens L1 forms the ghost-proof V-groove C between the refractive surface R1 of the object-side surface and the second reflection surface M2. In addition, the second lens L2 has a ghost prevention panel B disposed between the refractive surface R4 and the refractive surface R7 of the object side surface.
Fig. 10 shows spherical aberration of the catadioptric optical system of the fifth embodiment.
Lens data of the catadioptric optical system of the fifth embodiment is shown in table 9. Table 10 shows aspheric coefficients of the catadioptric optical system of the fifth embodiment.
[ Table 9]
| Noodle numbering | Curvature | Surface interval | Refractive index | Abbe number | Inner | Outer diameter | ||||
| 1 | First refractive surface | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -285.549 | 10.23 | 1.531 | 56.044 | 19.0 | 30.0 | |
| 2 | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -117.901 | 16.97 | ||||||
| 3 | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -112.891 | 9.00 | 1.614 | 25.575 | ||||
| 4 | First reflecting surface | Aspherical surface | Reflection | -119.797 | -9.00 | 1.614 | 25.575 | 19.0 | 39.2 | |
| 5 | Aperture | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -112.891 | -16.97 | |||||
| 6 | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -117.901 | -10.23 | 1.531 | 56.044 | ||||
| 7 | Second reflecting surface | Aspherical surface | Reflection | -85.013 | 10.23 | 1.531 | 56.044 | 15.3 | ||
| 8 | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -117.901 | 17.97 | ||||||
| 9 | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -27.331 | 8.00 | 1.614 | 25.575 | 9.8 | |||
| 10 | Second refraction surface | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -21.844 | 0.20 | 9.9 | ||||
| 11 | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -20.893 | 4.50 | 1.614 | 25.575 | 9.9 | |||
| 12 | Aspherical surface | Refraction | -44.640 | 3.00 | ||||||
| 13 | Cover glass | Spherical surface | Refraction | ∞ | 2.10 | 1.517 | 64.198 | |||
| 14 | Cover glass | Spherical surface | Refraction | ∞ | 9.54 |
[ Table 10]
Next, optical data (mm) and optical performance values of each example are shown.
The values of the conditional expression (1) in the examples are shown below.
The values of conditional expression (2) in the examples are shown below.
The value of conditional expression (3) in each example is shown below.
The value of conditional expression (4) in each example is shown below.
The value of conditional expression (5) in each example is shown below.
The value of conditional expression (6) in each example is shown below.
The value of conditional expression (7) in each example is shown below.
As shown in fig. 11, the first embodiment of the image pickup apparatus according to the second invention of the present application has a first protective glass G11, a first lens L1, and a second lens L2 that form the catadioptric optical system 100 of the first invention, a second protective glass G12 disposed on the image forming side thereof, and a first image pickup element P1 disposed at the image forming position of the catadioptric optical system. These constituent elements are supported by the first housing H1. The image signal output from the first image pickup device P1 is subjected to digital zoom processing, and then displayed on a display (not shown).
As shown in fig. 12, the second embodiment of the imaging apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention includes, in addition to the first catadioptric system 100 of the imaging apparatus according to the first embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, a refractive optical system 200 including a first protective glass G11, 5 lenses L21, L22, L23, L24, and L25, a third protective glass G3 disposed on the image forming side of these lenses, and a second imaging device P2 disposed at the image forming position of the refractive optical system. The optical axes of the first catadioptric system 100 and the second catadioptric system 200 are substantially parallel, and their zoom imaging regions are continuous. These constituent elements are supported by the second housing H2.
The image signals output from the first image pickup device P1 and the second image pickup device P2 are subjected to digital zoom processing, and one of the signals is selected and displayed on a display (not shown). The first catadioptric system 100 is responsible for a telephoto zoom region, and the second catadioptric system 200 is responsible for a wide-angle zoom region.
As shown in fig. 13, the mobile phone to which the imaging device according to the second embodiment of the imaging device according to the second invention of the present application is mounted has the first refractive optical system 100 and the second refractive optical system 200 disposed in the imaging window T provided in the corner portion of the back surface of the mobile phone 500 where the display (not shown) is not disposed.
Claims (10)
1. A catadioptric optical system comprising a first lens and a second lens arranged on an image side of the first lens with an air gap therebetween,
a peripheral region of a surface of the first lens on the object side is a first refractive surface, a second reflective surface is formed in a central region of the surface of the first lens on the object side,
a central region of the image-forming-side surface of the second lens is a second refractive surface, a first reflecting surface is formed in a peripheral region of the image-forming-side surface of the second lens,
the surface of the first lens on the imaging side is a continuous curved surface,
the catadioptric optical system satisfies the following conditional expression (1) and conditional expression (2),
Hm2/Hm1≤0.65·········(1)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
hm2 is the effective diameter of the second reflective surface,
hm1 is the effective diameter of the first reflective surface,
0.5≤|d/Y|≤2.5········(2)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
d is the air-equivalent separation of the first reflective surface from the second reflective surface,
y is the maximum image height.
2. The catadioptric optical system of claim 1,
satisfies the following conditional expression (3),
0.2≤(f12)/f≤0.6······(3)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
f12 is the composite focal length from the first refractive surface to the first reflective surface,
f is the focal length of the catadioptric optical system.
3. The catadioptric optical system of claim 1,
satisfies the following conditional expression (4),
Vp1>Vp2··············(4)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
vp1 is the Abbe number of the first lens,
vp2 is the Abbe number of the second lens.
4. The catadioptric optical system of claim 1,
satisfies the following conditional expression (5),
f/fr2≤1.5············(5)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
fr2 is the focal length of the central part of the second lens,
f is the focal length of the catadioptric optical system.
5. The catadioptric optical system of claim 1,
satisfies the following conditional expression (6),
0.8≤D/f≤1.5··········(6)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
d is the total optical length of the catadioptric optical system,
f is the focal length of the catadioptric optical system.
6. The catadioptric optical system of claim 1,
satisfies the following conditional expression (7),
1.6≤TL/Y≤3.0·········(7)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
TL is the total lens length of the catadioptric optical system,
y is the maximum image height.
7. The catadioptric optical system of claim 1,
the first refractive surface changes from convex to concave as viewed from the object side as going from a portion close to the optical axis toward the periphery.
8. The catadioptric optical system of claim 1,
the first and second reflective surfaces are rear surface mirrors.
9. An imaging device is characterized by comprising:
the catadioptric optical system of any one of claims 1-8; and
and an imaging element disposed at an imaging position of the catadioptric optical system.
10. An imaging device comprising two optical systems and an imaging element arranged at an imaging position of each of the two optical systems, wherein at least one of the two optical systems is the catadioptric optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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2017
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| JPH0392809A (en) * | 1989-09-05 | 1991-04-18 | Canon Inc | Reflection and refraction type optical system |
| CN1687813A (en) * | 2005-05-01 | 2005-10-26 | 韩燕宏 | High-aperture long focal length telephotographing objective lens optical system |
| RU2446420C1 (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2012-03-27 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных испытаний оптико-электронных приборов и систем (ФГУП НИИКИ ОЭП) | Catadioptric system |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108254859A (en) | 2018-07-06 |
| JP2018109673A (en) | 2018-07-12 |
| JP6917000B2 (en) | 2021-08-11 |
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