CN108253414B - Main steam pressure adjusting and controlling method for circulating fluidized bed boiler in biomass cogeneration process - Google Patents
Main steam pressure adjusting and controlling method for circulating fluidized bed boiler in biomass cogeneration process Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013604 expression vector Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000017105 transposition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013528 artificial neural network Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl N-[2-hydroxy-4-(3-oxomorpholin-4-yl)phenyl]carbamate Chemical compound OC1=C(NC(=O)OCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=CC(=C1)N1CCOCC1=O FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004801 process automation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005619 thermoelectricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
- F23C10/28—Control devices specially adapted for fluidised bed, combustion apparatus
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
- Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
Abstract
A method for adjusting and controlling main steam pressure of a circulating fluidized bed boiler in a biomass cogeneration process aims at the problem that actual main steam pressure of the circulating fluidized bed boiler in the biomass cogeneration process deviates from an optimal target value, a discrete time state space model of the main steam pressure and biomass combustion quantity of the circulating fluidized bed boiler in the biomass cogeneration process is established, a steady-state target value of the biomass combustion quantity is calculated according to the target value of the main steam pressure, and then an automatic adjusting controller for the main steam pressure of the circulating fluidized bed boiler in the biomass cogeneration process is designed to realize the adjustment and control of the main steam pressure of the circulating fluidized bed boiler in the biomass cogeneration process on the target value. The invention provides the method for adjusting and controlling the main steam pressure of the circulating fluidized bed boiler in the biomass cogeneration process, which is intuitive to understand, simple in design and easy to realize.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biomass cogeneration of heat and power process automation field, it is related to a kind of biomass cogeneration of heat and power process and follows
Circulation fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure adjustment control method.
Background technique
Biomass is a kind of efficient, available renewable clean fuel, the rice straw produced such as China's vast rural area, wheat
The stalks such as stalk, cornstalk, lignocellulosic and farming industry leftover bits and pieces etc., the stones such as alternative coal, oil and natural gas
Change fuel and generate electric power, dependence of the mankind to fossil energy will be reduced, protect national energy resources, mitigates energy-consuming to environment
Caused by pollute.American-European countries has built mature generating power with biomass combustion factory at present, it was demonstrated that the heat of biomass power generation and heat supply
Electricity Federation, which produces, has significant economic benefit, source benefit and environmental benefit, and the stalk that recycling is such as discarded can also increase
Farmers' income.Different from the minerals fossil fuel such as coal, due to the biomass of different cultivars and the place of production, fixed carbon, moisture, ash
Point etc. component ratios it is different, in addition when recycling preprocessing means and local climate influence, cause biomass fuel quality
It is widely different.In view of adaptability of the circulating fluidized bed boiler to fuel quality is preferable, therefore recirculating fluidized bed biomass thermoelectricity
Co-production technology developed in China very rapid in recent years.During recirculating fluidized bed biomass cogeneration of heat and power, fluidized-bed combustion boiler
The variation of main steam pressure indicate that the steam production of boiler and electricity consumption-thermic load steam consumption are incompatible, at this moment must phase
Adjust the supply of biomass fuel with answering, to change the steam production of fluidized-bed combustion boiler.In biomass cogeneration of heat and power unit machine
In group, fluidized-bed combustion boiler main steam pressure control is to be mutually related with steam turbine load control system, the Steam pressure control system of boiler
The task of system is exactly timely adjustment biomass fuel doses, needs the quantity of steam output of boiler and steam turbine to extraneous workload demand
The energy input wanted is adapted, and mark is the stabilization of fluidized-bed combustion boiler main steam pressure.By to existing biomass thermal Electricity Federation
Produce the retrieval discovery of the document of circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure adjustment control method, the circulation of biomass cogeneration of heat and power at present
Fluidized-bed combustion boiler main steam pressure adjustment control method mainly has: steam pressure Traditional PID adjustment control method, steam pressure mould
Paste adjustment control method and steam pressure neural network adjustment control method, but the routine of circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure
PID adjustment control method will not change, therefore not since controller parameter is offline determination with biomass fuel quality comparison
It the stable steam pressure as caused by biomass fuel quality discrepancy is big can fluctuate well；Also due to biomass fuel quality
Difference it is big, need using a large amount of ambiguity function, so that the meter of circulation fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure adjustment control method
Calculation amount is larger；And the biomass cogeneration of heat and power circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure based on neural network control technique adjusts control
Method processed then needs a large amount of industrial data sample for off-line training biomass combustion process model parameter, with guarantee to obtain compared with
For the dynamic relationship between accurate steam pressure and biomass fuel doses, these biomass cogeneration of heat and power circulating fluidized bed boiler
Main steam pressure adjustment control method is slow for the convergence rate of the steam regulating effect of the quality of biomass fuel frequent fluctuation
Slowly, understand and be abstracted, and application process is complicated.Because the frequent fluctuation of biomass fuel quality and the period of user demand become
Change, real-time, rapidity and the accuracy requirement that circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure is adjusted are high, therefore, although biological
The research of matter cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure adjusting method achieves some research achievements, but in recent years
Related scholar has still carried out this challenging important problem and has studied and inquire into large quantities, to meet biomass thermal
Electric joint process to the recirculating fluidized bed automatic control technology of high-quality there is an urgent need to.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the understanding of existing biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure adjusting method
It is abstract, line computation is complicated and the deficiency of application process complexity, the present invention, which provides, a kind of to be understood that intuitive, design is simple, is easy in fact
Existing biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure adjustment control method.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure adjustment control method, the method packet
Include following steps:
1), consider the discrete of biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure and biomass fuel doses
Time Dynamic Model, referring to formula (1):
Wherein, k indicates controller sampling instant；x1Indicate the main steam pressure of circulating fluidized bed boiler, MPa；x2Expression follows
The pace of change of circulation fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure；x3Indicate the variation acceleration of circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure；M
Indicate biomass fuel doses used for combustion, t/h；The steady-state gain of constant G expression circulating fluidized bed boiler steam pressure；Constant
T1、T2、TsWith τ respectively indicate circulating fluidized bed boiler drum pressure time constant, vapour pressure time constant, the sampling period and when
It is stagnant, s；
2), the target value X adjusted according to biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressurer, calculate
The steady-state target value M of circulating fluidized bed boiler biomass fuel dosesr, referring to formula (2):
Mr=Xr/G (2)
3), defined variable z1=x1-XrAnd v=M-Mr, substitute into formula (1), it is ciculation fluidized to establish biomass cogeneration of heat and power process
The state-space model of bed boiler main steam pressure and biomass fuel doses, referring to formula (3):
Z (k+1)=Az (k)+Bv (k) (3)
Wherein, column vector z=[z1,x2,x3]T, subscript T expression vector transposition；Matrix A and B are respectively
4) parameter a > 0, is given, biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure is calculated and adjusts
Biomass combustion amount of the control system at the k moment, referring to formula (4):
Wherein, matrix P is positive definite symmetric matrices, is calculated by MatLab function care, referring to formula (5):
Wherein, matrix I3For 3 rank unit matrixs；
5), the real-time magnitude of on-line measurement biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure, according to
Formula (4) calculates the biomass combustion amount of circulating fluidized bed boiler, burning in circulating fluid bed boiler controlled system with self-regulation in real time
It is adjusted into the biomass combustion amount in cylinder in real time according to the calculated result of biomass combustion amount, so in cycles, realizes
Biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure is to target value XrAdjusting control target.
Technical concept of the invention are as follows: for the practical main steam pressure of biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler
The problem of power off-target target value, establishes the main steam pressure and biology of biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler
The discrete-time state-space model of matter quantity combusted calculates biomass combustion amount steady-state target value according to steam pressure target value,
And then a biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure automatic regulation controller is designed, realize biology
Auto-adjustment control of the matter cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure to target value.
The main execution part of the present invention is run on biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler control computer
Implement.This method application process can be roughly divided into 3 stages:
1, it parameter setting, including model parameter and adjusting controller parameter: is imported in interface in model, input model formula
(1) constant G, T in1、T2、TsWith the value and steam pressure target value X of τr；In adjusting controller parameter setting interface, input is adjusted
Save controller parameter a；After inputting parameter confirmation, it will be arranged in data feeding computer storage unit RAM by control computer and be protected
It deposits；
2, offline debugging: clicking the Debug button in configuration interface, and control system enters the adjusting controller debugging stage,
Change 1 unit as test volume using circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure, adjust the controller parameter a in configuration interface,
The control effect for observing circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure and biomass combustion amount thereby determines that one can well realize and follow
The controller parameter that circulation fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure is adjusted；The value rule of parameter a: a is positive real number；The adjustment of parameter a
Rule: the value for increasing a will shorten the adjustment time of biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure adjusting,
But increase the quantity combusted of biomass；On the contrary, the main steaming of biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler will be slowed down by reducing the value of a
The quantity combusted of steam pressure adjustment speed and biomass, but extend the regulating time of circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure, therefore,
When practical tuning parameter a, the overshoot of Ying Quanheng biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure force-responsive,
Comprehensive performance between regulating time, damping effect and biomass combustion amount；
3, on-line operation: clicking configuration interface " RUN " button, starting burning in circulating fluid bed boiler control computer
CPU reads circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure model parameter, main steam pressure target value and optimizing controller parameter, and holds
Row " biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure regulating-controlling program ", passes through on-line measurement recycle stream
The actual value of fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure calculates the biomass combustion amount of circulating fluidized bed boiler, recirculating fluidized bed pot in real time
Furnace burning self-regulation control system is adjusted into the biomass fuel in cylinder according to the calculated result of biomass combustion amount in real time
Burning amount, so in cycles, realize biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure to target value from
It is dynamic to adjust control.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly manifested in: 1, biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure
Power adjusting method only has a design parameter, and design is simple, be readily appreciated that, on-line implement is easy, practical；2, biomass thermal
The main steam pressure of electric joint process circulating fluidized bed boiler is able to achieve the automatic tune of biomass combustion amount when deviateing target value
Section control, so as to be applicable in the combustion conditions of more complicated multiplicity, meets biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler
The arch of steam consumption demand is given, the control water of biomass cogeneration of heat and power process combustion system of circulating fluidized bed boiler operation is improved
It is flat.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure real-time response curve.
Fig. 2 is biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler biomass combustion amount real-time curve.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to Figures 1 and 2, a kind of biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure adjusts controlling party
Method, described method includes following steps:
1), consider the discrete of biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure and biomass fuel doses
Time Dynamic Model, referring to formula (1):
Wherein, k indicates controller sampling instant；x1Indicate the main steam pressure of circulating fluidized bed boiler, MPa；x2Expression follows
The pace of change of circulation fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure；x3Indicate the variation acceleration of circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure；M
Indicate biomass fuel doses used for combustion, t/h；The steady-state gain of constant G expression circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure；Often
Number T1、T2、TsWith τ respectively indicate circulating fluidized bed boiler drum pressure time constant, vapour pressure time constant, the sampling period and
Time lag, s；
2), the target value X adjusted according to biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressurer, calculate
The steady-state target value M of circulating fluidized bed boiler biomass fuel dosesr, referring to formula (2):
Mr=Xr/G (2)
3), defined variable z1=x1-XrAnd v=M-Mr, substitute into formula (1), it is ciculation fluidized to establish biomass cogeneration of heat and power process
The state-space model of bed boiler main steam pressure and biomass fuel doses, referring to formula (3):
Z (k+1)=Az (k)+Bv (k) (3)
Wherein, column vector z=[z1,x2,x3]T, subscript T expression vector transposition；Matrix A and B are respectively
4) parameter a > 0, is given, biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure is calculated and adjusts
Biomass combustion amount of the control system at the k moment, referring to formula (4):
M (k)=- aBTP[x1(k)-Xr x2(k) x3(k)]T+Mr (4)
Wherein, matrix P is positive definite symmetric matrices, is calculated by MatLab function care, referring to formula (5):
Wherein, matrix I3For 3 rank unit matrixs；
5), the real-time magnitude of on-line measurement biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure, according to
Formula (4) calculates the biomass combustion amount of circulating fluidized bed boiler, burning in circulating fluid bed boiler controlled system with self-regulation in real time
It is adjusted into the biomass combustion amount in cylinder in real time according to the calculated result of biomass combustion amount, so in cycles, realizes
Biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure is to target value XrAdjusting control target.
The present embodiment is that biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure adjusts control process, specifically
It operates as follows:
1, in parameter setting interface, input biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure is adjusted
Constant value G=5, T of control process1=5, T2=90, Ts=0.25 and τ=20 and main steam pressure target set point Xr=
2.5；Input controller parameter a；
2, the Debug button being clicked on configuration interface and entering Debugging interface, the CPU for starting main control computer is called in advance
" the biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure regulating-controlling program " debugging woven determines control
Device parameter a, detailed process is as follows: according to the value of parameter a and adjustment rule, comprehensively considering biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulation
It is comprehensive between the overshoot of fluidized-bed combustion boiler main steam pressure force-responsive, regulating time, damping effect and biomass combustion amount
Can, tuning parameter obtains a=0.005, debugging result is saved in computer storage unit RAM；
3, configuration interface " RUN " button is clicked, starting biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler control calculates
The CPU of machine reads biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure and adjusts control process model parameter, master
Steam pressure target set point and controller parameter execute " biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure
Power regulating-controlling program " adjusts by the practical main steam pressure of on-line measurement circulating fluidized bed boiler and enters recirculating fluidized bed
Biomass combustion amount in boiler realizes biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler to main steam pressure target value Xr
Auto-adjustment control；When next regulating cycle reaches, on-line measurement biomass cogeneration of heat and power process recirculating fluidized bed pot
The practical main steam pressure of furnace, repeats entire implementation procedure later；So in cycles, realize that biomass cogeneration of heat and power process is followed
Circulation fluidized bed boiler is to main steam pressure target value XrAuto-adjustment control.
Described above is the biomass cogeneration of heat and power for the shown excellent performance of one embodiment that the present invention provides
Journey circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure self-regulation effect.It may be noted that above-described embodiment is used to illustrate the present invention,
Rather than limit the invention, within the spirit of the invention and the scope of protection of the claims, appoint to what the present invention made
What is modified, and protection scope of the present invention is both fallen within.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure adjustment control method, it is characterised in that:
Described method includes following steps:
1), consider the discrete time of biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure and biomass fuel doses
Dynamic model, referring to formula (1):
Wherein, k indicates controller sampling instant；x1Indicate the main steam pressure of circulating fluidized bed boiler, MPa；x2Indicate recycle stream
The pace of change of fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure；x3Indicate the variation acceleration of circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure；M is indicated
Biomass fuel doses used for combustion, t/h；The steady-state gain of constant G expression circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure；Constant
T1、T2、TsWith τ respectively indicate circulating fluidized bed boiler drum pressure time constant, vapour pressure time constant, the sampling period and when
It is stagnant, s；
2), the target value X adjusted according to biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressurer, calculate recycle stream
The steady-state target value M of fluidized bed boiler biomass fuel dosesr, referring to formula (2):
Mr=Xr/G (2)
3), defined variable z1=x1-XrAnd v=M-Mr, substitute into formula (1), establish biomass cogeneration of heat and power process recirculating fluidized bed pot
The state-space model of furnace main steam pressure and biomass fuel doses, referring to formula (3):
Z (k+1)=Az (k)+Bv (k) (3)
Wherein, column vector z=[z1,x2,x3]T, subscript T expression vector transposition；Matrix A and B are respectively
4), giving parameter an a, a is positive real number, calculates biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure
Biomass fuel doses of the regulation and control system at the k moment, referring to formula (4):
Wherein, matrix P is positive definite symmetric matrices, is calculated by MatLab function care, referring to formula (5):
Wherein, matrix I3For 3 rank unit matrixs；
5), the real-time magnitude of the main steam pressure of on-line measurement biomass cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler, according to formula
(4) the biomass fuel doses of circulating fluidized bed boiler, burning in circulating fluid bed boiler controlled system with self-regulation root are calculated in real time
It is adjusted into the biomass fuel doses in cylinder in real time according to the calculated result of biomass fuel doses, so in cycles, realizes life
Substance cogeneration of heat and power process circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure is to target value XrAdjusting control target.
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