CN108247803B - Preparation method of aldehyde-free mildew-free non-combustible bamboo shaving board - Google Patents

Preparation method of aldehyde-free mildew-free non-combustible bamboo shaving board Download PDF

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CN108247803B
CN108247803B CN201810040198.4A CN201810040198A CN108247803B CN 108247803 B CN108247803 B CN 108247803B CN 201810040198 A CN201810040198 A CN 201810040198A CN 108247803 B CN108247803 B CN 108247803B
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bamboo
agent
parts
mildew
shavings
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CN108247803A (en
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杜春贵
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Zhejiang A&F University ZAFU
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Zhejiang A&F University ZAFU
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/007—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process employing compositions comprising nanoparticles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
    • B27K3/50—Mixtures of different organic impregnating agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/52—Impregnating agents containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B27N1/02—Mixing the material with binding agent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/002—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres characterised by the type of binder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/007—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres and at least partly composed of recycled material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/02—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres from particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/10—Moulding of mats
    • B27N3/14—Distributing or orienting the particles or fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/18—Auxiliary operations, e.g. preheating, humidifying, cutting-off
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/18—Auxiliary operations, e.g. preheating, humidifying, cutting-off
    • B27N3/183—Forming the mat-edges, e.g. by cutting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
    • C04B28/26—Silicates of the alkali metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K2200/00—Wooden materials to be treated
    • B27K2200/15—Pretreated particles or fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K2240/00—Purpose of the treatment
    • B27K2240/20—Removing fungi, molds or insects
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00025—Aspects relating to the protection of the health, e.g. materials containing special additives to afford skin protection
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00637—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as glue or binder for uniting building or structural materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of an aldehyde-free mildew-free non-combustible bamboo shaving board, belonging to the field of bamboo artificial boards. The preparation method of the aldehyde-free mildew-free non-combustible bamboo shaving board comprises the following steps: (1) primarily screening bamboo processing residues; (2) layering and screening the bamboo shavings; (3) classifying and drying the bamboo shavings; (4) classifying the bamboo shavings to prevent mildew; (5) classifying and drying the mildew-proof bamboo shavings; (6) applying aldehyde-free non-combustible cementing materials to the mildew-proof bamboo shavings in a classified manner; (7) gluing bamboo shavings for paving; (8) pre-pressing a plate blank; (9) hot pressing the plate blank; (10) and (5) post-processing. The bamboo shaving board prepared by the invention does not contain formaldehyde, is not easy to mildew, and has the characteristic of not easy to burn; the mould infection value can reach 0, and the combustion performance grade can reach non-combustible A2 grade.

Description

Preparation method of aldehyde-free mildew-free non-combustible bamboo shaving board
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of bamboo wood-based plates, and particularly relates to a preparation method of an aldehyde-free mildew-free non-combustible bamboo shaving board.
Background
The bamboo processing technology and level of China are in the leading position in the world, and the bamboo artificial board is the main product and core of bamboo processing. However, due to the inherent characteristics of small diameter, thin wall, hollow and the like of the bamboo wood, the processing utilization rate of the bamboo wood is usually lower than 50%, so that most of the bamboo wood is changed into processing residues such as bamboo shavings, bamboo scraps and the like, wherein the proportion of the bamboo shavings is more than 80%. At present, except a small amount of bamboo processing residues which are used as fuel of a boiler and a small amount of bamboo shaving boards manufactured by small and medium-sized enterprises, most of the bamboo processing residues are abandoned and not utilized, bamboo resources are wasted, and the environment is polluted, so that the bamboo shaving boards are vigorously developed and utilized, and the method has very important practical significance. However, formaldehyde adhesives are basically used in the manufacture of a few small and medium-sized enterprises, harmful formaldehyde is released in the production and use processes of the bamboo shaving boards, great harm is caused to the health of practitioners and consumers, and the development of formaldehyde-free bamboo shaving boards is urgently needed. In addition, bamboo contains a large amount of nutrients necessary for mold such as saccharides, starch, protein and the like, so that the bamboo particle board is easy to mildew in areas with high humidity and wet places, the performance of the product is reduced, and the application environment is polluted, and the development of the mildew-proof bamboo particle board is urgently needed. At present, bamboo shaving board mainly used furniture, fields such as building decoration, but bamboo shaving board belongs to combustible material, and easy burning in case the building conflagration takes place, has the very probably to cause a large amount of casualties and loss of property, awaits urgent need the fire-retardant type bamboo shaving board of research and development.
In the prior art, CN106182327A discloses a zero-formaldehyde bamboo shaving board and a preparation method thereof, wherein the raw materials of the bamboo shaving board comprise, by weight: 100 parts of bamboo shavings, 6-20 parts of modified unsaturated polyester resin, 0.01-2 parts of surface treating agent and 0.5-2 parts of water-proofing agent. The method utilizes the modified unsaturated polyester resin as the adhesive and treats the surfaces of the bamboo shavings to prepare the formaldehyde-free bamboo shaving board, the prepared bamboo shaving board does not contain formaldehyde, the board has good water resistance, high mechanical property and good paint adhesion, industrialization can be realized by slightly modifying the existing dry-method bamboo shaving board production line, the problem of formaldehyde pollution in living space can be effectively solved, and a new solution is provided for the artificial board product to get rid of the problem of formaldehyde release.
CN106827161A discloses a method for preparing aldehyde-free bamboo shaving board, comprising the following steps: (1) crushing the bamboo waste, cooking in boiling water for 20-30 min, cooling to room temperature, filtering, and drying at 60-70 deg.C for 12 hr; (2) uniformly mixing the dried bamboo waste obtained in the step (1), crop straws, a soybean adhesive and a waterproof agent in a stirrer; (3) and (3) carrying out processes of blank loading, hot pressing, cooling, edge cutting and polishing on the mixture obtained in the step (2) to obtain the required bamboo shaving board. The bamboo shaving board prepared by the invention has no aldehyde, is environment-friendly, has high mechanical strength, has the static bending strength lower than 2 percent and the internal bonding strength lower than 4 percent after being irradiated by ultraviolet rays for 24 hours, and has better weather resistance.
CN107322748A discloses a flame-retardant low-VOC bamboo shaving board and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing moso bamboo and miscellaneous bamboo to obtain mixed bamboo chips or mixing wood and miscellaneous wood to obtain mixed wood; obtaining bamboo shavings or wood shavings; and (2) sorting the dried bamboo chips by using a secondary cyclone separator, mixing the dried bamboo chips or wood chips with flame-retardant resin and a reinforcing agent, adding second resin for mixing, paving in layers by using a paving machine or an airflow type paving machine, forming by using a pre-press after paving, and pressing to form the bamboo shaving board after forming. The flame-retardant low-VOC bamboo shaving board comprises: wood or wood shavings, a flame retardant resin, a reinforcing agent, and a second resin. The invention breaks through the production process of the traditional bamboo-based or wood-based bamboo shaving board, recombines the bamboo-based or wood-based shaving reinforcing material and gives the new bamboo-based or wood-based bamboo shaving board ultra-low VOC release and flame retardance.
However, most of the bamboo shaving boards prepared in the prior art have certain functions, such as mildew resistance or no aldehyde, and the functions are single. Therefore, the current need of developing the bamboo shaving board which does not contain formaldehyde, is not easy to mildew and is not easy to burn is urgent, and the method has very important practical significance for widening the vigorous popularization and application of the bamboo shaving board and fully utilizing the bamboo processing residues.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems that the bamboo shaving board in the prior art contains formaldehyde, is easy to mildew and burn and the like, the invention provides the preparation method of the aldehyde-free mildew-free flame-retardant bamboo shaving board.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
on one hand, the invention provides a preparation method of an aldehyde-free mildew-free non-combustible bamboo shaving board, which comprises the following steps:
(1) primary screening of bamboo processing remainder
Placing the leftovers of bamboo processing factory bamboo shavings, bamboo filament crushed aggregates, granular bamboo chips and bamboo powder in a plane vibrating screen for primary screening, and removing the waste materials which can not be used for manufacturing the bamboo shaving board, namely obtaining the bamboo shavings for manufacturing the bamboo shaving board;
(2) bamboo shaving layered screening
Placing the bamboo shavings in a power roller screen for grading screening, and grading the shavings by using patterns with different specifications on diamond roller cylinders in the power roller screen, wherein the diamond roller gap with the specification of a fine pattern is between 0.5 and 1.5mm, and the diamond roller gap with the specification of a coarse pattern is between 2.0 and 5.0 mm; the obtained thin bamboo shavings are used as surface layer material of bamboo shaving board, called surface layer bamboo shavings; the obtained thicker wood shavings are used as core layer materials of the bamboo shaving board and are called core layer bamboo shavings;
(3) classifying and drying bamboo shavings
Respectively placing the surface layer bamboo shavings and the core layer bamboo shavings into eddy current type drying machines with different specifications for drying, wherein the surface layer bamboo shavings are dried to the moisture content of 4-8%, and the core layer bamboo shavings are dried to the moisture content of 2-5%;
(4) classification mildew-proof treatment for bamboo shavings
Respectively feeding the surface layer bamboo shavings and the core layer bamboo shavings into a circular roller with a stirrer inside, then applying a mildew preventive to the bamboo shavings through the top end of the roller by a metering pump or a flow valve, applying the mildew preventive and continuously stirring by the stirrer at the same time so as to uniformly mix the mildew preventive and the bamboo shavings; the application amount of the mildew preventive for the surface layer bamboo shavings is 4-7% of the mass of the oven-dried bamboo shavings, and the application amount of the mildew preventive for the core layer bamboo shavings is 2-5% of the mass of the oven-dried bamboo shavings;
(5) classification drying of mildew-proof bamboo shavings
Respectively placing the surface layer bamboo shavings and the core layer bamboo shavings subjected to mildew-proof treatment in a rotor type dryer for drying, wherein the surface layer bamboo shavings are dried to the moisture content of 4-8%, and the core layer bamboo shavings are dried to the moisture content of 2-5%;
(6) formaldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material applied in classification of mildew-proof bamboo shavings
Respectively feeding the dried mildew-proof surface layer bamboo shavings and the dried core layer bamboo shavings into a ring-type glue mixer, then respectively applying aldehyde-free non-combustible cementing materials, and uniformly distributing the cementing materials on the bamboo shavings under the action of a high-speed glue mixing shaft; the application amount of the surface layer bamboo shaving cementing material is 30-45% of the mass of the oven-dried bamboo shavings, and the application amount of the core layer bamboo shaving cementing material is 20-35% of the mass of the oven-dried bamboo shavings;
(7) glued bamboo shavings pavement
And (2) respectively paving the surface layer bamboo shavings and the core layer bamboo shavings which are applied with the cementing materials on the upper and lower surface layers of the plate blank by using a mechanical paving machine to obtain the plate blank, wherein the surface layer and the core layer materials in the plate blank are as follows by weight percent: the surface layer wood shavings account for 20-40%, and the core layer wood shavings account for 60-80%;
(8) slab prepressing
Continuously pre-pressing the laid plate blank by using a continuous roller press to preliminarily form the plate blank;
(9) hot pressing of slabs
Hot-pressing the formed plate blank by using a continuous double-steel-belt hot press, wherein the hot-pressing process has the same technological parameters as the existing continuous wood bamboo shaving board production process, and the raw edge board of the aldehyde-free, mildew-free and non-combustible bamboo shaving board can be obtained after hot pressing;
(10) post-processing
In the step (10), the raw edge plates of the aldehyde-free mildew-free non-combustible bamboo shaving board are placed on a vertical and horizontal combined trimming machine to process the length and the width of the raw edge plates of the bamboo shaving board, and the trimming plates of the aldehyde-free mildew-free non-combustible bamboo shaving board are obtained; and then placing the edge cutting plate in a balance room with the temperature of 30-40 ℃ and the humidity of 50-70% for quenching and tempering for 36-96 hours to obtain the finished product of the aldehyde-free, mildew-free and non-combustible bamboo shaving board.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a mildew preventive which can be applied to the preparation method process of the bamboo shaving board, wherein the mildew preventive is a Chinese herbal medicine mildew preventive, a nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive or a Chinese herbal medicine/nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive.
Further, the preparation method of the Chinese herbal medicine mildew preventive comprises the following steps:
soaking the Chinese herbal medicines in 40-70% ethanol solution, wherein the mass ratio of the Chinese herbal medicines to the ethanol is 1:5-20, heating to 50-80 deg.C, heating for 30-120min, and filtering to remove residue to obtain Chinese herbal medicine mildew preventive with Chinese herbal medicine concentration of 50-100 mg/ml;
the Chinese herbal medicine comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of thyme, 50-60 parts of flos caryophyllata, 10-15 parts of cinnamaldehyde and 5-10 parts of dried orange peel.
Further, the preparation method of the nano silver-zinc composite mildew inhibitor comprises the following steps:
weighing 60-75 parts of zinc acetate or zinc nitrate or zinc sulfate, 15-20 parts of anhydrous sodium carbonate, 5-15 parts of silver nitrate and 5-10 parts of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, respectively putting the materials into a mortar, grinding the materials uniformly and mixing the materials, respectively washing the materials with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol, filtering the materials, drying the materials, and then putting the dried materials into a high-temperature roasting furnace to sinter the materials at the temperature of 250 ℃ and 500 ℃ to obtain the nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive;
or, preparing the nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive by using zinc acetate or zinc nitrate or zinc sulfate and silver nitrate as raw materials and ammonium bicarbonate as a precipitator: firstly, when the temperature of a reaction vessel reaches 20-50 ℃, transferring 50-100ml of 1-4mol/l zinc acetate or zinc nitrate or zinc sulfate solution into the reaction vessel, dropwise adding the same concentration ammonium bicarbonate solution into the reaction vessel while stirring, wherein the molar ratio of the zinc acetate or zinc nitrate or zinc sulfate to the ammonium bicarbonate is 1:2-5, and the amount of the added ammonium bicarbonate is calculated according to the molar ratio, and the reaction time is 2-5 hours; then, respectively dripping 50-100ml of silver nitrate and ammonium bicarbonate solution with the concentration of 0.2-0.4mol/l into a reaction container while stirring, wherein the molar ratio of the silver nitrate to the ammonium bicarbonate is 1:1.5-4.5, adding the amount of the ammonium bicarbonate and the amount of the silver nitrate according to the calculation, and reacting for 0.5-1.5 h; then washing and centrifugally separating to obtain a primary polymer; and finally, drying the primary polymer, placing the dried primary polymer in a high-temperature roasting furnace, and roasting the primary polymer for 1 to 3 hours at the temperature of 350-550 ℃ to obtain the nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive.
Further, the preparation method of the Chinese herbal medicine/nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive comprises the following steps:
weighing 50-70 parts of the Chinese herbal medicine mildew preventive and 30-50 parts of the nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive according to the proportion, putting the Chinese herbal medicine mildew preventive into a container with a stirrer, adding the nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive while stirring until the nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive is uniformly dispersed into the Chinese herbal medicine mildew preventive, and thus obtaining the Chinese herbal medicine/nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive.
On the other hand, the invention also provides an aldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material which can be applied to the preparation method process of the bamboo shaving board and consists of an agent A, an agent B and an agent C;
the agent A comprises 65-80 parts of magnesium oxide, 15-25 parts of magnesium sulfate and 5-15 parts of calcium silicate;
the agent B is magnesium sulfate heptahydrate;
the agent C is sodium silicate, chloroprene rubber, vinyl polyurethane or vinyl acetate.
Preferably, the agent C is sodium silicate, and the aldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material consists of the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of agent A, 40-50 parts of agent B and 5-10 parts of agent C;
or the agent C is chloroprene rubber, and the formaldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material consists of the following components in parts by weight: 40-45 parts of agent A, 40-45 parts of agent B and 5-15 parts of agent C;
or the agent C is vinyl polyurethane, and the aldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material consists of the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of agent A, 40-50 parts of agent B and 2-8 parts of agent C;
or the agent C is vinyl acetate, and the formaldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material consists of the following components in parts by weight: 40-45 parts of agent A, 40-45 parts of agent B and 5-15 parts of agent C.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the formaldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material, which comprises the steps of respectively placing the components in the agent A into a grinding machine for grinding, screening by using a 200-400-mesh screen, and then uniformly mixing in proportion; then uniformly mixing the agent A, the agent B and the agent C according to a proportion to obtain the formaldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material.
The invention provides a preparation method of an aldehyde-free mildew-free non-combustible bamboo shaving board, which has the following beneficial effects:
1) the bamboo shaving board prepared by the invention does not contain formaldehyde, is not easy to mildew, and has the characteristic of not easy to burn; the mould infection value can reach 0, and the combustion performance grade can reach non-combustible A2 grade;
2) the mildew preventive provided by the invention is any one of a Chinese herbal medicine mildew preventive, a nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive or a Chinese herbal medicine/nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive, so that the mildew preventive performance of the mildew preventive is superior to that of most of the mildew preventives sold on the market, the preparation method is simple, and the raw materials are easy to obtain;
3) the formaldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material provided by the invention solves the problem that the adhesive in the prior art contains a certain amount of formaldehyde, and achieves better flame retardant property through reasonable proportioning of the three components.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention clearer, the following detailed description is given with reference to specific embodiments.
The above-described scheme is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The conditions used in the examples may be further adjusted according to the conditions of the particular manufacturer, and the conditions not specified are generally the conditions in routine experiments.
Materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples are commercially available.
In one aspect, the present invention provides a mildew inhibitor, and the specific material amounts and experimental procedures are shown in the following examples.
Example 1:
a preparation method of a Chinese herbal medicine mildew preventive comprises the following steps: soaking the Chinese herbal medicines in 70% ethanol solution, wherein the mass ratio of the Chinese herbal medicines to the ethanol is 1:5, heating to 50 ℃, heating for 120min, and filtering to remove filter residues to obtain a Chinese herbal medicine mildew preventive with the Chinese herbal medicine concentration of 98.2 mg/ml;
the Chinese herbal medicine comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of thyme, 50 parts of flos caryophyllata, 15 parts of cinnamaldehyde and 10 parts of dried orange peel.
Example 2:
a preparation method of a Chinese herbal medicine mildew preventive comprises the following steps: soaking the Chinese herbal medicines in 40% ethanol solution, wherein the mass ratio of the Chinese herbal medicines to the ethanol is 1:20, heating to 80 ℃, heating for 30min, and filtering to remove filter residues to obtain a Chinese herbal medicine mildew preventive with the Chinese herbal medicine concentration of 52.7 mg/ml;
the Chinese herbal medicine comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of thyme, 60 parts of flos caryophyllata, 10 parts of cinnamaldehyde and 5 parts of dried orange peel.
Example 3:
the preparation method of the nano silver-zinc composite mildew inhibitor comprises the following steps: weighing 75 parts of zinc acetate, 15 parts of anhydrous sodium carbonate, 5 parts of silver nitrate and 10 parts of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, respectively putting the materials into a mortar for grinding and uniformly mixing, respectively washing the materials with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol, filtering and drying the materials, and then putting the materials into a high-temperature roasting furnace for sintering at the temperature of 250-500 ℃ to obtain the nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive.
Example 4:
the preparation method of the nano silver-zinc composite mildew inhibitor comprises the following steps: weighing 60 parts of zinc nitrate, 20 parts of anhydrous sodium carbonate, 15 parts of silver nitrate and 5 parts of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, respectively putting the materials into a mortar for grinding and uniformly mixing, respectively washing the materials with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol, filtering and drying the materials, and then putting the materials into a high-temperature roasting furnace for sintering at the temperature of 250-500 ℃ to obtain the nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive.
Example 5:
the preparation method of the nano silver-zinc composite mildew inhibitor comprises the following steps: preparing the nano silver-zinc composite mildew inhibitor by using zinc sulfate and silver nitrate as raw materials and ammonium bicarbonate as a precipitator: firstly, when the temperature of a reaction vessel reaches 20 ℃, transferring 100ml of zinc sulfate solution with the concentration of 1mol/l into the reaction vessel, dropwise adding ammonium bicarbonate solution with the same concentration into the reaction vessel while stirring, wherein the molar ratio of zinc acetate or zinc nitrate or zinc sulfate to ammonium bicarbonate is 1:2, adding the amount of ammonium bicarbonate according to the calculation, and reacting for 2 hours; then, respectively dripping 100ml of silver nitrate and ammonium bicarbonate solution with the concentration of 0.2mol/l into a reaction container while stirring, wherein the molar ratio of the silver nitrate to the ammonium bicarbonate is 1:1.5, adding the ammonium bicarbonate and the silver nitrate according to the calculation, and reacting for 0.5 h; then washing and centrifugally separating to obtain a primary polymer; and finally, drying the primary polymer, placing the dried primary polymer in a high-temperature roasting furnace, and roasting for 3 hours at the temperature of 350 ℃ to obtain the nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive.
Example 6:
the preparation method of the nano silver-zinc composite mildew inhibitor comprises the following steps: the nanometer silver-zinc composite mildew inhibitor is prepared by taking zinc acetate and silver nitrate as raw materials and ammonium bicarbonate as a precipitator: firstly, when the temperature of a reaction vessel reaches 50 ℃, 50ml of zinc acetate or zinc nitrate or zinc sulfate solution with the concentration of 4mol/l is transferred into the reaction vessel, ammonium bicarbonate solution with the same concentration is dripped into the reaction vessel while stirring, the molar ratio of the zinc acetate or zinc nitrate or zinc sulfate to the ammonium bicarbonate is 1:5, the amount of the ammonium bicarbonate is added according to the calculation, and the reaction time is 5 hours; then, respectively dripping 50ml of silver nitrate and ammonium bicarbonate solution with the concentration of 0.4mol/l into a reaction container while stirring, wherein the molar ratio of the silver nitrate to the ammonium bicarbonate is 1:4.5, adding the ammonium bicarbonate and the silver nitrate according to the calculation, and reacting for 1.5 h; then washing and centrifugally separating to obtain a primary polymer; and finally, drying the primary polymer, placing the dried primary polymer in a high-temperature roasting furnace, and roasting for 1h at the temperature of 550 ℃ to obtain the nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive.
Example 7:
a Chinese herbal medicine/nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive is prepared by weighing 70 parts of the Chinese herbal medicine mildew preventive prepared in example 1 and 50 parts of the nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive prepared in example 3 according to a proportion, placing the Chinese herbal medicine mildew preventive in a container with a stirrer, adding the nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive while stirring until the nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive is uniformly dispersed in the Chinese herbal medicine mildew preventive, and thus obtaining the Chinese herbal medicine/nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive.
Example 8:
a Chinese herbal medicine/nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive is prepared by weighing 70 parts of the Chinese herbal medicine mildew preventive prepared in example 2 and 30 parts of the nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive prepared in example 6 according to a proportion, placing the Chinese herbal medicine mildew preventive in a container with a stirrer, adding the nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive while stirring until the nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive is uniformly dispersed in the Chinese herbal medicine mildew preventive, and thus obtaining the Chinese herbal medicine/nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive.
Comparative example 1:
in this comparative example, a commercial mildewcide was used.
The mildew preventive of examples 1 to 8 and the control group without the mildew preventive of comparative example 1 were tested to have infection values shown in table 1 and control effects shown in table 2 according to GB/T18261-2013 test method for controlling efficacy of mildew preventive against wood mold and discoloring fungi.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0001549246190000081
Figure BDA0001549246190000091
Note: the infection value is 0, and no hypha or mildew exists on the surface of the sample;
the infection value is 1, and the infection area of the surface of the sample is less than 1/4;
the infection value is 2, and the infection area on the surface of the sample is 1/4-1/2;
the infection value is 3, and the infection area on the surface of the sample is 1/2-3/4;
the infection value was 4 and the infected area on the surface of the sample was > 3/4.
TABLE 2
Serial number Fungus control effect/%) Prevention and treatment effect of cyanobacteria/%)
Example 1 90.9 75
Example 2 90.9 100
Example 3 90.9 100
Example 4 90.9 100
Example 5 90.9 100
Example 6 90.9 100
Example 7 100 100
Example 8 100 100
Comparative example 1 63.6 75
The control efficacy is calculated as follows:
Figure BDA0001549246190000092
wherein: e-control efficacy,%;
D1-mean infection value of the drug-treated samples;
D0average infection value of untreated control samples.
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, the mold-proofing effect of the mold-proofing agent prepared by the present invention is far superior to that of the existing commercially available mold-proofing agent.
On the other hand, the invention also provides an aldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material and a preparation method thereof, and specific examples are as follows.
Example 9:
an aldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material consists of an agent A, an agent B and an agent C;
the agent A comprises 65 parts of magnesium oxide, 20 parts of magnesium sulfate and 15 parts of calcium silicate;
the agent B is magnesium sulfate heptahydrate;
the agent C is sodium silicate;
the aldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of agent A, 50 parts of agent B and 10 parts of agent C.
The preparation method of the formaldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material comprises the steps of respectively placing the components in the agent A into a grinding machine for grinding, screening by using a 200-mesh and 400-mesh screen, and then uniformly mixing in proportion; then uniformly mixing the agent A, the agent B and the agent C according to a proportion to obtain the formaldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material.
Example 10:
an aldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material consists of an agent A, an agent B and an agent C;
the agent A comprises 80 parts of magnesium oxide, 15 parts of magnesium sulfate and 5 parts of calcium silicate;
the agent B is magnesium sulfate heptahydrate;
the agent C is sodium silicate;
the aldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of agent A, 45 parts of agent B and 5 parts of agent C.
The preparation method of the aldehyde-free non-combustible cementitious material is the same as that of example 9.
Example 11:
an aldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material consists of an agent A, an agent B and an agent C;
the agent A comprises 65 parts of magnesium oxide, 25 parts of magnesium sulfate and 10 parts of calcium silicate;
the agent B is magnesium sulfate heptahydrate;
the agent C is sodium silicate;
the aldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of agent A, 40 parts of agent B and 10 parts of agent C.
The preparation method of the aldehyde-free non-combustible cementitious material is the same as that of example 9.
Example 12:
an aldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material consists of an agent A, an agent B and an agent C;
the agent A is the same as in example 7;
the agent B is magnesium sulfate heptahydrate;
the agent C is chloroprene rubber;
the aldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of agent A, 45 parts of agent B and 15 parts of agent C.
The preparation method of the aldehyde-free non-combustible cementitious material is the same as that of example 9.
Example 13:
an aldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material consists of an agent A, an agent B and an agent C;
the agent A is the same as in example 8;
the agent B is magnesium sulfate heptahydrate;
the agent C is chloroprene rubber;
the aldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45 parts of agent A, 40 parts of agent B and 15 parts of agent C.
The preparation method of the aldehyde-free non-combustible cementitious material is the same as that of example 9.
Example 14:
an aldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material consists of an agent A, an agent B and an agent C;
the agent A is the same as in example 9;
the agent B is magnesium sulfate heptahydrate;
the agent C is chloroprene rubber;
the aldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45 parts of agent A, 45 parts of agent B and 5 parts of agent C.
The preparation method of the aldehyde-free non-combustible cementitious material is the same as that of example 9.
Example 15:
an aldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material consists of an agent A, an agent B and an agent C;
the agent A is the same as in example 7;
the agent B is magnesium sulfate heptahydrate;
the agent C is vinyl polyurethane, and the formaldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of agent A, 50 parts of agent B and 8 parts of agent C.
The preparation method of the aldehyde-free non-combustible cementitious material is the same as that of example 9.
Example 16:
an aldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material consists of an agent A, an agent B and an agent C;
the agent A is the same as in example 8;
the agent B is magnesium sulfate heptahydrate;
the agent C is vinyl polyurethane;
the aldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of agent A, 40 parts of agent B and 8 parts of agent C.
The preparation method of the aldehyde-free non-combustible cementitious material is the same as that of example 9.
Example 17:
an aldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material consists of an agent A, an agent B and an agent C;
the agent A is the same as in example 9;
the agent B is magnesium sulfate heptahydrate;
the agent C is vinyl polyurethane;
the aldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of agent A, 50 parts of agent B and 2 parts of agent C.
The preparation method of the aldehyde-free non-combustible cementitious material is the same as that of example 9.
Example 18:
an aldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material consists of an agent A, an agent B and an agent C;
the agent A is the same as in example 7;
the agent B is magnesium sulfate heptahydrate;
the agent C is vinyl acetate, and the formaldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45 parts of agent A, 40 parts of agent B and 15 parts of agent C.
The preparation method of the aldehyde-free non-combustible cementitious material is the same as that of example 9.
Example 19:
an aldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material consists of an agent A, an agent B and an agent C;
the agent A is the same as in example 8;
the agent B is magnesium sulfate heptahydrate;
the agent C is vinyl acetate, and the formaldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45 parts of agent A, 45 parts of agent B and 10 parts of agent C.
The preparation method of the aldehyde-free non-combustible cementitious material is the same as that of example 9.
Example 20:
an aldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material consists of an agent A, an agent B and an agent C;
the agent A is the same as in example 9;
the agent B is magnesium sulfate heptahydrate;
the agent C is vinyl acetate, and the formaldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of agent A, 45 parts of agent B and 5 parts of agent C.
The preparation method of the aldehyde-free non-combustible cementitious material is the same as that of example 9.
For the sake of space limitation, in order to further illustrate the properties of the aldehyde-free non-combustible cementitious material prepared according to the invention, brocade examples 10, 13, 16, 19 are given as examples and comparative examples are constructed as follows.
Comparative example 2:
this comparative example contains only the agent A.
Comparative example 3:
this comparative example contains only the agent A and the agent B, and the rest is the same as example 10.
Comparative example 4:
this comparative example contains only the agent A and the agent C, and the rest is the same as in example 10.
Comparative example 5:
this comparative example contains only the agent A and the agent C, and the rest is the same as in example 13.
Comparative example 6:
this comparative example contains only the agent A and the agent C, and the rest is the same as in example 16.
Comparative example 7:
this comparative example contains only the agent A and the agent C, and the rest is the same as in example 19.
Comparative example 8:
this comparative example contains only the agent B and the agent C, and the rest is the same as in example 10.
Comparative example 9:
this comparative example contains only the agent B and the agent C, and the rest is the same as in example 13.
Comparative example 10:
this comparative example contains only the agent B and the agent C, and the rest is the same as in example 16.
Comparative example 11:
this comparative example contains only the agent B and the agent C, and the rest is the same as in example 19.
The binder materials prepared in examples 9-20 and comparative examples 2-11 were tested to have zero formaldehyde content according to GB 18580-2000 Formaldehyde emission limits in Wood-based Panel for interior decoration and finishing materials and products thereof, and the coatability and tensile split bond strength of the binder materials were tested according to JC/T636-1996 Wood floor adhesive, which is shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3
Serial number Coatability Tensile split bond strength/N/cm
Example 9 Easy coating and uniform glue layer 279
Example 10 Easy coating and uniform glue layer 314
Example 11 Easy coating and uniform glue layer 288
Example 12 Easy coating and uniform glue layer 292
Example 13 Easy coating and uniform glue layer 312
Example 14 Easy coating and uniform glue layer 306
Example 15 Easy coating and uniform glue layer 295
Example 16 Easy coating and uniform glue layer 310
Example 17 Easy coating and uniform glue layer 301
Example 18 Easy coating and uniform glue layer 300
Example 19 Easy coating and uniform glue layer 311
Example 20 Easy coating and uniform glue layer 307
Comparative example 2 --- ---
Comparative example 3 --- ---
Comparative example 4 Is not easy to coat, and the thickness of the glue layer is uniform 127
Comparative example 5 Is not easy to coat, and the thickness of the glue layer is uniform 136
Comparative example 6 Is not easy to coat, and the thickness of the glue layer is uniform 125
Comparative example 7 Is not easy to coat, and the thickness of the glue layer is uniform 162
Comparative example 8 Easy coating and uniform glue layer 211
Comparative example 9 Easy coating and uniform glue layer 206
Comparative example 10 Easy coating and uniform glue layer 214
Comparative example 11 Easy coating and uniform glue layer 218
As can be seen from Table 3, the aldehyde-free non-combustible cementitious material prepared by the invention has better coating property and larger tensile splitting strength. Meanwhile, the formaldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material contains a large amount of inorganic materials, so that the flame retardant property of the cementing material is greatly improved, and the cementing material only contains a small amount of organic materials, so that the system hardly contains formaldehyde, and the formaldehyde-free flame retardant property of the cementing material is realized while the cementing strength of the cementing material is ensured.
In still another aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing an aldehyde-free, non-mold, non-combustible bamboo particle board, which is described in the following examples.
Example 21:
a preparation method of an aldehyde-free mildew-free non-combustible bamboo shaving board comprises the following steps:
(1) primary screening of bamboo processing remainder
Placing the leftovers of bamboo processing factory bamboo shavings, bamboo filament crushed aggregates, granular bamboo chips and bamboo powder in a plane vibrating screen for primary screening, and removing the waste materials which can not be used for manufacturing the bamboo shaving board, namely obtaining the bamboo shavings for manufacturing the bamboo shaving board;
(2) bamboo shaving layered screening
Placing the bamboo shavings in a power roller screen for grading screening, and grading the shavings by using patterns with different specifications on diamond roller cylinders in the power roller screen, wherein the diamond roller gap with the specification of a fine pattern is between 0.5 and 1.5mm, and the diamond roller gap with the specification of a coarse pattern is between 2.0 and 5.0 mm; the obtained thin bamboo shavings are used as surface layer material of bamboo shaving board, called surface layer bamboo shavings; the obtained thicker wood shavings are used as core layer materials of the bamboo shaving board and are called core layer bamboo shavings;
(3) classifying and drying bamboo shavings
Respectively placing the surface layer bamboo shavings and the core layer bamboo shavings into eddy current type drying machines with different specifications for drying, wherein the surface layer bamboo shavings are dried to the moisture content of 4-8%, and the core layer bamboo shavings are dried to the moisture content of 2-5%;
(4) classification mildew-proof treatment for bamboo shavings
Respectively feeding the surface layer bamboo shavings and the core layer bamboo shavings into a circular roller with a stirrer inside, then applying a mildew preventive to the bamboo shavings through the top end of the roller by a metering pump or a flow valve, applying the Chinese herbal medicine mildew preventive prepared in the embodiment 2, and continuously stirring by the stirrer to uniformly mix the mildew preventive and the bamboo shavings; the application amount of the mildew preventive for the surface layer bamboo shavings is 4-7% of the mass of the oven-dried bamboo shavings, and the application amount of the mildew preventive for the core layer bamboo shavings is 2-5% of the mass of the oven-dried bamboo shavings;
(5) classification drying of mildew-proof bamboo shavings
Respectively placing the surface layer bamboo shavings and the core layer bamboo shavings subjected to mildew-proof treatment in a rotor type dryer for drying, wherein the surface layer bamboo shavings are dried to the moisture content of 4-8%, and the core layer bamboo shavings are dried to the moisture content of 2-5%;
(6) formaldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material applied in classification of mildew-proof bamboo shavings
Feeding the dried mildew-proof surface layer bamboo shavings and the core layer bamboo shavings into a ring-type glue mixer respectively, then applying the aldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material prepared in the embodiment 10 respectively, and uniformly distributing the cementing material on the bamboo shavings under the action of a high-speed glue mixing shaft; the application amount of the surface layer bamboo shaving cementing material is 30-45% of the mass of the oven-dried bamboo shavings, and the application amount of the core layer bamboo shaving cementing material is 20-35% of the mass of the oven-dried bamboo shavings;
(7) glued bamboo shavings pavement
And (2) respectively paving the surface layer bamboo shavings and the core layer bamboo shavings which are applied with the cementing materials on the upper and lower surface layers of the plate blank by using a mechanical paving machine to obtain the plate blank, wherein the surface layer and the core layer materials in the plate blank are as follows by weight percent: the surface layer wood shavings account for 20-40%, and the core layer wood shavings account for 60-80%;
(8) slab prepressing
Continuously pre-pressing the laid plate blank by using a continuous roller press to preliminarily form the plate blank;
(9) hot pressing of slabs
Hot-pressing the formed plate blank by using a continuous double-steel-belt hot press, wherein the hot-pressing process has the same technological parameters as the existing continuous wood bamboo shaving board production process, and the raw edge board of the aldehyde-free, mildew-free and non-combustible bamboo shaving board can be obtained after hot pressing;
(10) post-processing
In the step (10), the raw edge plates of the aldehyde-free mildew-free non-combustible bamboo shaving board are placed on a vertical and horizontal combined trimming machine to process the length and the width of the raw edge plates of the bamboo shaving board, and the trimming plates of the aldehyde-free mildew-free non-combustible bamboo shaving board are obtained; and then placing the edge cutting plate in a balance room with the temperature of 30-40 ℃ and the humidity of 50-70% for quenching and tempering for 36-96 hours to obtain the finished product of the aldehyde-free, mildew-free and non-combustible bamboo shaving board.
Example 22:
a method for preparing the non-formaldehyde, non-mildew and non-combustible bamboo shaving board replaces the Chinese herbal medicine mildew preventive prepared in the embodiment 2 with the nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive prepared in the embodiment 3; replacing the aldehyde-free non-combustible cementitious material prepared in example 10 with the aldehyde-free non-combustible cementitious material prepared in example 13; the remaining conditions were the same as in example 21.
Example 23:
a method for preparing the non-formaldehyde, non-mildew and non-combustible bamboo shaving board comprises the steps of replacing the Chinese herbal medicine mildew preventive prepared in the example 2 with the nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive prepared in the example 6; replacing the aldehyde-free non-combustible cementitious material prepared in example 10 with the aldehyde-free non-combustible cementitious material prepared in example 16; the remaining conditions were the same as in example 21.
Example 24:
a method for preparing the non-formaldehyde, non-mildew and non-combustible bamboo shaving board comprises the steps of replacing the Chinese herbal medicine mildew preventive prepared in the embodiment 2 with the Chinese herbal medicine/nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive prepared in the embodiment 8; replacing the aldehyde-free non-combustible cementitious material prepared in example 10 with the aldehyde-free non-combustible cementitious material prepared in example 19; the remaining conditions were the same as in example 21.
For the sake of space limitation, to further illustrate the properties of the aldehyde-free, mildew-free and non-combustible bamboo particle board prepared according to the present invention, a comparative example was constructed as follows, taking only example 24 as an example.
Comparative example 12:
the Chinese herbal medicine/nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive is replaced by a commercially available mildew preventive, and the rest conditions are the same as those in example 24.
Comparative example 13:
the aldehyde-free incombustible cementitious material was replaced with urea resin, and the other conditions were the same as in example 24.
Comparative example 14:
the Chinese herbal medicine/nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive is replaced by a commercial mildew preventive, the formaldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material is replaced by phenolic resin, and the rest conditions are the same as those in the example 24.
The bamboo particle boards prepared in examples 20 to 24 and comparative examples 12 to 14 were tested for density, static bending strength, internal bonding strength, 2h water absorption thickness expansion rate and formaldehyde emission according to LY/T1842-2009 bamboo particle board, and for combustion performance according to GB 8624-2012 fire rating for building materials and products, and the test results are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4
Figure BDA0001549246190000171
As can be seen from Table 4, the bamboo shaving board prepared by the invention has the advantages of no mildew, no formaldehyde and non-combustible A2 grade of combustion performance.
In conclusion, the bamboo shaving board successfully prepared by the invention does not contain formaldehyde, is not easy to mildew, and has the characteristic of being not easy to burn; the mould infection value can reach 0, and the combustion performance grade can reach non-combustible A2 grade; the mildew preventive provided by the invention has mildew resistance superior to most of mildew preventive sold on the market, and the preparation method is simple and the raw materials are easy to obtain; the formaldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material provided by the invention solves the problem that the adhesive in the prior art contains a certain amount of formaldehyde, and achieves better flame retardant property through reasonable proportioning of the three components.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for brevity and clarity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features of the embodiments described above have been described, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and refinements may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and refinements should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A preparation method of an aldehyde-free mildew-free non-combustible bamboo shaving board is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) primary screening of bamboo processing remainder
Placing the leftovers of bamboo processing factory bamboo shavings, bamboo filament crushed aggregates, granular bamboo chips and bamboo powder in a plane vibrating screen for primary screening, and removing the waste materials which can not be used for manufacturing the bamboo shaving board, namely obtaining the bamboo shavings for manufacturing the bamboo shaving board;
(2) bamboo shaving layered screening
Placing the bamboo shavings in a power roller screen for grading screening, and grading the shavings by using patterns with different specifications on diamond roller cylinders in the power roller screen, wherein the diamond roller gap with the specification of a fine pattern is between 0.5 and 1.5mm, and the diamond roller gap with the specification of a coarse pattern is between 2.0 and 5.0 mm; the obtained thin bamboo shavings are used as surface layer material of bamboo shaving board, called surface layer bamboo shavings; the obtained thicker wood shavings are used as core layer materials of the bamboo shaving board and are called core layer bamboo shavings;
(3) classifying and drying bamboo shavings
Respectively drying the surface layer bamboo shavings and the core layer bamboo shavings in eddy current type drying machines with different specifications
Drying, wherein the surface layer bamboo shavings are dried to the water content of 4-8%, and the core layer bamboo shavings are dried to the water content of 2-5%;
(4) classifying the bamboo shavings to prevent mildew; the mildew preventive is a Chinese herbal medicine mildew preventive, a nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive or a Chinese herbal medicine/nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive; the preparation method of the Chinese herbal medicine mildew preventive comprises the following steps:
soaking the Chinese herbal medicines in an ethanol solution, wherein the mass ratio of the Chinese herbal medicines to the ethanol is 1:5-20, heating, filtering and removing filter residues to obtain a Chinese herbal medicine mildew preventive with the Chinese herbal medicine concentration of 50-100 mg/ml;
the Chinese herbal medicine comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of thyme, 50-60 parts of flos caryophyllata, 10-15 parts of cinnamaldehyde and 5-10 parts of dried orange peel;
(5) classifying and drying the mildew-proof bamboo shavings;
(6) applying aldehyde-free non-combustible cementing materials to the mildew-proof bamboo shavings in a classified manner;
(7) glued bamboo shavings pavement
Respectively spreading the surface layer bamboo shavings and the core layer bamboo shavings with the bonding material by a mechanical spreading machine
And (3) paving the mixture on the upper surface layer and the lower surface layer of the plate blank to obtain the plate blank, wherein the weight percentages of surface layer materials and core layer materials in the plate blank are as follows: the surface layer wood shavings account for 20-40%, and the core layer wood shavings account for 60-80%;
(8) slab prepressing
Continuously pre-pressing the laid plate blank by using a continuous roller press to preliminarily form the plate blank;
(9) hot pressing of slabs
Hot-pressing the formed plate blank by using a continuous double-steel-belt hot press, wherein the hot-pressing process has the same technological parameters as the existing continuous wood bamboo shaving board production process, and the raw edge board of the aldehyde-free, mildew-free and non-combustible bamboo shaving board can be obtained after hot pressing;
(10) post-processing; placing the rough edge plates of the aldehyde-free mildew-free non-combustible bamboo shaving board on a vertical and horizontal combined trimming machine to process the length and the width of the rough edge plates of the bamboo shaving board, so as to obtain the trimming plates of the aldehyde-free mildew-free non-combustible bamboo shaving board; then placing the trimming plate in a balance room with the temperature of 30-40 ℃ and the humidity of 50-70% for quenching and tempering for 36-96 hours to obtain a finished product of the aldehyde-free, mildew-free and non-combustible bamboo shaving board;
the formaldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material consists of an agent A, an agent B and an agent C;
the agent A comprises 65-80 parts of magnesium oxide, 15-25 parts of magnesium sulfate and 5-15 parts of calcium silicate;
the agent B is magnesium sulfate heptahydrate;
the agent C is sodium silicate, chloroprene rubber, vinyl polyurethane or vinyl acetate;
the agent C is sodium silicate, and the formaldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of agent A, 40-50 parts of agent B and 5-10 parts of agent C;
or the agent C is chloroprene rubber, and the formaldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material consists of the following components in parts by weight: 40-45 parts of agent A, 40-45 parts of agent B and 5-15 parts of agent C;
or the agent C is vinyl polyurethane, and the aldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material consists of the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of agent A, 40-50 parts of agent B and 2-8 parts of agent C;
or the agent C is vinyl acetate, and the formaldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material consists of the following components in parts by weight: 40-45 parts of agent A, 40-45 parts of agent B and 5-15 parts of agent C.
2. The method for preparing the aldehyde-free, mildew-free and flame-retardant bamboo shaving board as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the surface layer bamboo shavings and the core layer bamboo shavings are respectively fed into a circular roller with a stirrer inside, then the mildew preventive is applied to the bamboo shavings through the top end of the roller by a metering pump or a flow valve, and the mildew preventive is applied while the stirrer is continuously stirred, so that the mildew preventive and the bamboo shavings are uniformly mixed; the application amount of the mildew preventive for the surface layer bamboo shavings is 4-7% of the mass of the oven-dried bamboo shavings, and the application amount of the mildew preventive for the core layer bamboo shavings is 2-5% of the mass of the oven-dried bamboo shavings;
in the step (5), the surface layer bamboo shavings and the core layer bamboo shavings which are subjected to the mildew-proof treatment are respectively placed in a rotor type dryer for drying, the surface layer bamboo shavings are dried to the moisture content of 4-8%, and the core layer bamboo shavings are dried to the moisture content of 2-5%.
3. The method for preparing the aldehyde-free mildew-free flame-retardant bamboo shaving board as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (6), the dried mildew-proof surface layer bamboo shaving and core layer bamboo shaving are respectively fed into a ring type glue mixer, then aldehyde-free flame-retardant cementing materials are respectively applied, and the cementing materials are uniformly distributed on the bamboo shaving under the action of a high-speed glue mixing shaft; the application amount of the surface layer bamboo shaving cementing material is 30-45% of the mass of the oven-dried bamboo shavings, and the application amount of the core layer bamboo shaving cementing material is 20-35% of the mass of the oven-dried bamboo shavings.
4. The preparation method of the aldehyde-free mildew-free non-combustible bamboo shaving board according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive comprises the following steps:
weighing 60-75 parts of zinc acetate or zinc nitrate or zinc sulfate, 15-20 parts of anhydrous sodium carbonate, 5-15 parts of silver nitrate and 5-10 parts of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, respectively putting the materials into a mortar, grinding the materials uniformly and mixing the materials, respectively washing the materials with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol, filtering the materials, drying the materials, and then putting the dried materials into a high-temperature roasting furnace to sinter the materials at the temperature of 250 ℃ and 500 ℃ to obtain the nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive;
or, preparing the nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive by using zinc acetate or zinc nitrate or zinc sulfate and silver nitrate as raw materials and ammonium bicarbonate as a precipitator: firstly, when the temperature of a reaction vessel reaches 20-50 ℃, transferring 50-100ml of 1-4mol/l zinc acetate or zinc nitrate or zinc sulfate solution into the reaction vessel, dropwise adding the same concentration ammonium bicarbonate solution into the reaction vessel while stirring, wherein the molar ratio of the zinc acetate or zinc nitrate or zinc sulfate to the ammonium bicarbonate is 1:2-5, and the amount of the added ammonium bicarbonate is calculated according to the molar ratio, and the reaction time is 2-5 hours; then, respectively dropwise adding silver nitrate and ammonium bicarbonate solution with the concentration of 0.2-0.4mol/l into the reaction container while stirring, wherein the molar ratio of the silver nitrate to the ammonium bicarbonate is 1:1.5-4.5, adding the ammonium bicarbonate and the silver nitrate according to the calculated amount, and reacting for 0.5-1.5 h; then washing and centrifugally separating to obtain a primary polymer; and finally, drying the primary polymer, placing the dried primary polymer in a high-temperature roasting furnace, and roasting the primary polymer for 1 to 3 hours at the temperature of 350-550 ℃ to obtain the nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive.
5. The preparation method of the aldehyde-free mildew-free non-combustible bamboo shaving board according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the Chinese herbal medicine/nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive comprises the following steps:
weighing 50-70 parts of Chinese herbal medicine mildew preventive and 30-50 parts of nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive according to the proportion, putting the Chinese herbal medicine mildew preventive into a container with a stirrer, adding the nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive while stirring until the nano silver-zinc composite mildew preventive is uniformly dispersed into the Chinese herbal medicine mildew preventive, thus obtaining the Chinese herbal medicine
A nanometer silver-zinc compound mildew preventive.
6. The method for preparing the aldehyde-free mildew-free non-combustible bamboo particle board as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method for preparing the aldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material comprises the following steps: respectively placing the components in the agent A in a grinding machine for grinding, screening by using a 200-400-mesh screen, and then uniformly mixing in proportion; then uniformly mixing the agent A, the agent B and the agent C according to a proportion to obtain the formaldehyde-free non-combustible cementing material.
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